詐欺
詐欺 في 30 ثانية
- Means fraud, scam, or deceit.
- Used for illegal acts to get money.
- Common in news and bank warnings.
- Can be used jokingly for big disappointments.
- Legal Context
- Used in official documents, police reports, and news broadcasts to describe criminal fraud.
- Everyday Context
- Used colloquially to express dissatisfaction or the feeling of being ripped off by a misleading situation.
- Compound Words
- Forms the basis of many specific terms like 振り込め詐欺 (bank transfer scam) and 結婚詐欺 (marriage scam).
彼は詐欺の容疑で逮捕された。
この広告は完全に詐欺だ。
お年寄りを狙った詐欺が急増している。
ネット詐欺に引っかからないように注意してください。
詐欺師は言葉巧みに人々を騙す。
- 詐欺に遭う (sagi ni au)
- To fall victim to a scam. This is the most crucial phrase for expressing that someone has been cheated.
- 詐欺を働く (sagi o hataraku)
- To commit fraud. Used primarily in formal or news contexts to describe the perpetrator's actions.
- 詐欺に引っかかる (sagi ni hikkakaru)
- To fall for a scam. A more colloquial expression implying being caught in a trap.
祖母がオレオレ詐欺に遭いました。
彼は長年にわたり詐欺を働いていた。
巧妙な詐欺に引っかかってしまった。
警察は詐欺事件として捜査を開始した。
これは明らかな詐欺行為です。
- News Broadcasts
- Daily reports on crime, arrests, and new scam tactics targeting the public.
- Public Warnings
- Posters and announcements in banks, post offices, and train stations warning about ATM scams.
- Everyday Conversation
- Discussions about suspicious emails, phone calls, or deceptive advertising.
ニュースで新しい手口の詐欺について報道していた。
銀行のATMに「詐欺に注意」というポスターが貼ってある。
最近、スマートフォンに詐欺メールがよく届く。
市役所の職員を名乗る詐欺の電話がありました。
このサイト、安すぎるから詐欺かもしれないよ。
- Confusing 詐欺 with 嘘 (uso)
- Use 嘘 for general lies and 詐欺 only when there is a malicious scam or illegal gain involved.
- Incorrect Particle with 遭う
- Always use に (ni) with 遭う (au) for falling victim to a scam: 詐欺に遭う, NOT 詐欺を遭う.
- Overusing 詐欺 in Casual Contexts
- While it can be used jokingly (e.g., 写真詐欺), overusing it for minor disappointments can sound unnatural or overly aggressive.
❌ 彼は私に詐欺をついた。
⭕ 彼は私に嘘をついた。
❌ 私は詐欺を遭いました。
⭕ 私は詐欺に遭いました。
❌ 詐欺者が逮捕された。
⭕ 詐欺師が逮捕された。
❌ この映画はつまらない、詐欺だ。
⭕ この映画はつまらない、期待外れだ。
❌ 詐欺をされた。
⭕ 詐欺の被害に遭った。
- 騙し (Damashi)
- A general term for trickery or deception. Less formal than 詐欺 and can be used for non-criminal acts.
- ペテン (Peten)
- Swindle or trickery. Often implies a clever or elaborate ruse. Slightly colloquial or old-fashioned.
- 欺瞞 (Giman)
- Deception or camouflage. A highly formal, academic, or literary term used to describe the act of hiding the truth.
それは単なる騙しだ。
彼は見事なペテンにかけられた。
政府の欺瞞が明らかになった。
悪徳商法は詐欺まがいの行為だ。
彼は嘘をついて私を傷つけた。
How Formal Is It?
مستوى الصعوبة
قواعد يجب معرفتها
Passive voice (れる/られる) for being targeted: 詐欺に狙われる (targeted by fraud).
Verb + に遭う (to encounter bad things): 詐欺に遭う (to encounter fraud).
Noun + まがい (pseudo/borderline): 詐欺まがい (borderline fraud).
Nominalization (の/こと) for describing acts: 詐欺を働くのは犯罪だ (Committing fraud is a crime).
Conditional (と/ば/たら) for warnings: クリックすると詐欺サイトに飛ぶ (If you click, it jumps to a scam site).
أمثلة حسب المستوى
これは詐欺です。
This is a scam.
Uses the basic 'A is B' structure: [Noun] + です。
詐欺に注意してください。
Please be careful of fraud.
Uses に注意する (to be careful of) with the polite request form てください。
その電話は詐欺です。
That phone call is a scam.
Demonstrative pronoun その (that) modifying the noun 電話 (phone).
詐欺は悪いことです。
Fraud is a bad thing.
Uses the adjective 悪い (bad) modifying こと (thing).
詐欺のニュースを見ました。
I saw news about a scam.
Uses the object particle を with the verb 見る (to see/watch).
彼は詐欺をしました。
He committed fraud.
Uses the basic verb する (to do) in the past tense しました。
詐欺の手紙が来ました。
A scam letter arrived.
Uses the subject particle が with the verb 来る (to come/arrive).
私は詐欺が怖いです。
I am afraid of scams.
Uses the adjective 怖い (scary/afraid) with the particle が.
友達がネット詐欺に遭いました。
My friend fell victim to an internet scam.
Introduces the crucial collocation 詐欺に遭う (to fall victim to a scam).
おばあちゃんに詐欺の電話がかかってきた。
A scam phone call came to my grandmother.
Uses the directional verb construction かかってくる (to come [a call]).
お金を払う前に、詐欺じゃないか確認して。
Before paying money, check if it's not a scam.
Uses じゃないか (whether or not it is) for embedded questions.
警察が詐欺について説明してくれました。
The police explained about the fraud to us.
Uses について (about) and the giving/receiving verb てくれる。
このメールは詐欺だと思います。
I think this email is a scam.
Uses the quoting particle と with 思います (I think).
詐欺師は嘘をつくのが上手です。
Swindlers are good at telling lies.
Uses のが上手です to express being skilled at an action.
絶対に詐欺に引っかからないでください。
Please absolutely do not fall for a scam.
Uses the negative request form ないでください with 引っかかる。
最近、新しい詐欺が増えています。
Recently, new scams are increasing.
Uses the present continuous form ている with the verb 増える (to increase).
オレオレ詐欺の被害が後を絶たない。
Damage from 'It's me' scams never ceases.
Uses the idiom 後を絶たない (never ceases/continues endlessly).
彼は投資詐欺を働いた容疑で逮捕された。
He was arrested on suspicion of committing investment fraud.
Uses 容疑で (on suspicion of) and the passive voice 逮捕される。
メニューの写真と実物が違いすぎて、まるで詐欺だ。
The actual food is so different from the menu photo, it's practically a scam.
Uses まるで〜だ (it is as if / practically) for colloquial exaggeration.
詐欺グループは巧妙な手口で高齢者を狙っている。
The fraud ring is targeting the elderly with clever methods.
Uses the instrumental particle で to indicate the method (手口).
不審なメールのリンクをクリックすると、詐欺サイトに誘導される。
If you click the link in a suspicious email, you will be directed to a scam site.
Uses the conditional と (when/if) and the passive voice 誘導される。
銀行員が機転を利かせて、振り込め詐欺を未然に防いだ。
The bank clerk used their quick wit to prevent a bank transfer scam before it happened.
Uses the phrase 未然に防ぐ (to prevent beforehand).
詐欺だと気づいた時には、すでにお金は引き出されていた。
By the time I realized it was a scam, the money had already been withdrawn.
Uses た時には (by the time / when) and the past passive ていた。
自分の身を守るためには、詐欺の手口を知っておく必要がある。
In order to protect yourself, it is necessary to know the methods of scams in advance.
Uses ためには (in order to) and ておく (to do in advance).
警察庁は、特殊詐欺の撲滅に向けた新たな対策を発表した。
The National Police Agency announced new measures aimed at eradicating special fraud.
Uses に向けた (aimed at / towards) to modify a noun.
彼は言葉巧みに被害者を信用させ、多額の現金を騙し取るという詐欺を働いた。
He committed fraud by cleverly gaining the victims' trust and swindling large amounts of cash.
Uses the causative form 信用させる (to make someone trust) and compound verb 騙し取る。
ネットショッピングの普及に伴い、クレジットカード情報の不正利用を狙う詐欺が横行している。
Along with the spread of online shopping, scams targeting the fraudulent use of credit card information are rampant.
Uses に伴い (along with / as a consequence of).
この契約書には詐欺まがいの条項が含まれており、非常に危険だ。
This contract contains borderline fraudulent clauses and is extremely dangerous.
Uses the suffix まがい (borderline / pseudo) attached to a noun.
被害者は詐欺に遭ったショックから、誰のことも信じられなくなってしまった。
Due to the shock of falling victim to a scam, the victim became unable to trust anyone.
Uses から to indicate cause/reason and the potential negative form 信じられない。
振り込め詐欺の受け子として逮捕された若者は、犯罪の意識が薄かったと供述している。
The youth arrested as a 'receiver' for a bank transfer scam stated that he had little awareness it was a crime.
Uses として (as) and the quoting particle と with 供述する (to state/testify).
詐欺罪の法定刑は厳しく、初犯であっても実刑判決が下される可能性がある。
The statutory penalty for fraud is severe, and there is a possibility of a prison sentence even for a first offense.
Uses であっても (even if it is) to show concession.
企業を装ったフィッシング詐欺の手口は年々巧妙化しており、見破るのが困難になっている。
The methods of phishing scams pretending to be corporations are becoming more sophisticated year by year, making them difficult to detect.
Uses を装った (pretending to be) and 化している (is becoming).
検察側は、被告の行為が計画的かつ組織的な詐欺に該当すると厳しく追及した。
The prosecution strictly pursued the argument that the defendant's actions constituted planned and organized fraud.
Uses に該当する (to fall under / constitute) and かつ (and/moreover).
その投資ファンドは、実態のない事業をでっち上げ、出資者から資金を集めるポンジ・スキームという古典的な詐欺であった。
The investment fund was a classic fraud known as a Ponzi scheme, fabricating a non-existent business to collect funds from investors.
Uses 実態のない (lacking substance/reality) and という (called/known as).
高齢者の孤独や不安につけ込む詐欺は、単なる財産犯にとどまらず、被害者の尊厳をも踏みにじる卑劣な犯罪である。
Scams that prey on the loneliness and anxiety of the elderly are despicable crimes that not only remain mere property offenses but also trample on the dignity of the victims.
Uses につけ込む (to take advantage of) and にとどまらず (not limited to).
デジタル技術の進歩は利便性をもたらす一方で、ディープフェイクを用いた新たな形態の詐欺を生み出す土壌ともなっている。
While the advancement of digital technology brings convenience, it also serves as a breeding ground for new forms of fraud using deepfakes.
Uses 一方で (on the other hand / while) and 土壌となる (to become a breeding ground).
契約の錯誤を主張して取り消しを求めるか、詐欺による取り消しを主張するかで、法的な立証責任のハードルが大きく異なる。
The hurdle of the legal burden of proof differs greatly depending on whether one claims a mistake in the contract to seek cancellation or claims cancellation due to fraud.
Uses か〜かで (depending on whether A or B) and による (due to).
詐欺被害の回復には、迅速な口座凍結などの初動対応が不可欠であるが、国境を越えたサイバー犯罪においてはその実効性が課題となる。
For the recovery of fraud damages, initial responses such as rapid account freezing are essential, but their effectiveness becomes an issue in cross-border cybercrimes.
Uses には (for the purpose of) and においては (in the context of).
マスメディアは、詐欺の手口を詳細に報じることで模倣犯を誘発するリスクと、啓発によって被害を防ぐ公益性との間でジレンマを抱えている。
Mass media faces a dilemma between the risk of inducing copycat crimes by reporting fraud methods in detail and the public interest of preventing damage through enlightenment.
Uses との間でジレンマを抱える (to face a dilemma between A and B).
仮想通貨を巡る詐欺事件では、法整備が技術の発展に追いついていない法の空白地帯が巧妙に利用されている。
In fraud cases involving cryptocurrency, the legal vacuum where legislation has not caught up with technological development is cleverly exploited.
Uses を巡る (involving / surrounding) and 追いついていない (has not caught up).
当該取引における情報開示の意図的な欠落は、単なる債務不履行の範疇を超え、刑法上の詐欺罪を構成するに足る欺罔行為と認定された。
The intentional omission of information disclosure in the said transaction was deemed to exceed the scope of mere default and constitute a deceptive act sufficient to form the crime of fraud under criminal law.
Uses に足る (sufficient to) and を構成する (to constitute).
被害者の心理的瑕疵を巧みに操縦し、自発的な財産処分行為へと誘導する詐欺の構造は、人間の認知バイアスの脆弱性を冷酷に突いている。
The structure of fraud, which skillfully manipulates the psychological flaws of the victim and guides them toward a voluntary act of property disposal, ruthlessly exploits the vulnerabilities of human cognitive bias.
Uses へと誘導する (to guide towards) and 脆弱性を突く (to exploit vulnerability).
金融商品取引法違反と詐欺罪の観念的競合が問われる事案において、裁判所は被告の主観的要件である不法領得の意思を厳格に推認した。
In a case where the conceptual concurrence of a violation of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and the crime of fraud was questioned, the court strictly inferred the defendant's subjective requirement of the intent of unlawful appropriation.
Uses 観念的競合 (conceptual concurrence) and 推認する (to infer).
国家の信用を背景とした公的制度を悪用する給付金詐欺は、国庫への損害にとどまらず、社会保障制度そのものに対する国民の信頼を根底から揺るがす蛮行である。
Benefit fraud, which abuses public systems backed by state credit, is a barbaric act that not only damages the national treasury but also fundamentally shakes the public's trust in the social security system itself.
Uses を背景とした (backed by) and 根底から揺るがす (to shake from the foundation).
詐欺的商法に対する行政処分と刑事罰の双罰的アプローチは、市場の健全性維持に寄与するものの、過剰な規制がイノベーションを阻害するとの批判も免れない。
The dual-punishment approach of administrative sanctions and criminal penalties against fraudulent business practices contributes to maintaining market integrity, but it cannot escape the criticism that excessive regulation hinders innovation.
Uses ものの (although) and との批判も免れない (cannot escape the criticism that).
ブロックチェーン上のスマートコントラクトに内在する脆弱性を突いたエクスプロイトは、コードが法であるという理念の限界を露呈させ、それが詐欺に該当するか否かの法理的議論を喚起した。
Exploits targeting vulnerabilities inherent in smart contracts on the blockchain exposed the limits of the 'code is law' ideology and sparked legal debates over whether they constitute fraud.
Uses に内在する (inherent in) and か否か (whether or not).
詐欺の被害回復において、加害者の無資力化という壁に直面した際、金融機関の善管注意義務違反を問うことで二次的責任を追及する法理が実務上重要性を増している。
In the recovery of fraud damages, when faced with the wall of the perpetrator's insolvency, the legal principle of pursuing secondary liability by questioning the financial institution's breach of the duty of care of a good manager is gaining practical importance.
Uses という壁に直面した際 (when faced with the wall of) and 義務違反を問う (to question the breach of duty).
人間の欲と恐怖という普遍的な感情を標的とする詐欺の系譜は古く、手口がアナログからデジタルへと変容しようとも、その本質的な欺瞞の構造は不変である。
The genealogy of fraud, which targets the universal emotions of human greed and fear, is old, and even if the methods transform from analog to digital, its essential structure of deception remains unchanged.
Uses ようとも (even if) and 不変である (is unchanging).
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
يُخلط عادةً مع
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
سهل الخلط
أنماط الجُمل
كيفية الاستخدام
While primarily a serious legal and criminal term, its colloquial use to mean 'rip-off' or 'false advertising' is very common among younger generations.
The word itself is neutral and can be used in both highly formal legal contexts and casual conversations. The surrounding verbs and grammar dictate the formality.
- Saying 詐欺を遭う instead of 詐欺に遭う.
- Using 詐欺 for a harmless lie instead of 嘘.
- Calling a scammer a 詐欺者 instead of 詐欺師.
- Confusing 詐欺 (fraud) with 泥棒 (theft by taking).
- Translating 'I was scammed' literally as 詐欺をされた instead of the more natural 詐欺に遭った.
نصائح
Particle 'ni' with 'au'
Always remember to use the particle に (ni) when you want to say you fell victim to a scam. The phrase is 詐欺に遭う (sagi ni au). Do not use the object particle を (o). This is a very common mistake for English speakers translating 'I was scammed'.
The Suffix '-shi'
To talk about the person committing the fraud, add 師 (shi) to make 詐欺師 (sagishi), meaning con artist. Do not use 者 (sha) or 人 (jin). 師 implies someone who does this as a 'profession' or with great skill.
ATM Warnings
When you are in Japan, pay attention to the screens and posters at ATMs. You will almost certainly see the word 詐欺. Recognizing this word helps you understand public safety announcements and navigate daily life more safely.
Casual Exaggeration
You can use 詐欺 to complain about things that aren't literal crimes but feel like a rip-off. For example, 'このパッケージ、詐欺だ!' (This packaging is a scam!) if a bag of chips is mostly air. It sounds natural and expressive.
News Vocabulary
When listening to Japanese news, listen for the phrase '詐欺の疑いで逮捕' (arrested on suspicion of fraud). This is a set phrase used almost every time a scammer is caught. Recognizing it will boost your listening comprehension.
Preventing Fraud
If you want to talk about stopping scams, use the verb 防ぐ (fusegu, to prevent). The phrase is 詐欺を防ぐ (sagi o fusegu). This is useful for essays or discussions about social issues.
Types of Scams
詐欺 is often attached to other words to describe specific scams. For example, 投資 (investment) + 詐欺 = 投資詐欺 (investment scam). If you know the first word, you can easily guess the meaning of the specific fraud.
Sagi vs. Uso
Never use 詐欺 for a simple white lie. If you ask your friend if they ate your pudding and they lie, that's 嘘 (uso). 詐欺 is reserved for malicious deception, usually involving money or significant betrayal.
Recognizing the Kanji
The kanji for 詐欺 can be complex to write, but they are crucial to recognize. Both have a left-side radical related to speech/words (言 and 其). Remember that 'bad words' lead to 'sagi'.
Pitch Accent
The pitch accent for 詐欺 is Atamadaka (さ↓ぎ). The pitch starts high on 'sa' and drops on 'gi'. Pronouncing it flat might make it sound slightly unnatural, though context will make your meaning clear.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a SAGgy (詐欺) old bag that a scammer tries to sell you as a brand new designer purse. It's a total SAGI (scam)!
أصل الكلمة
Chinese origin (Kango)
السياق الثقافي
Japan has specific names for various scams, like 'ore-ore sagi' (impersonation), 'furikome sagi' (bank transfer), and 'kanpukin sagi' (fake tax refund).
Police often use loudspeakers on patrol cars to warn neighborhoods about recent 'sagi' incidents.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
بدايات محادثة
"最近、変な詐欺メールがよく来ませんか? (Have you been getting weird scam emails lately?)"
"オレオレ詐欺ってまだ多いらしいですね。(I hear 'ore-ore' scams are still common.)"
"ネットショッピングで詐欺に遭わないように気をつけていますか? (Are you careful not to get scammed when shopping online?)"
"このメニューの写真、実物と違いすぎて詐欺だよね。(This menu photo is so different from the real thing, it's a scam, right?)"
"銀行のATMの詐欺注意のポスター、見ましたか? (Did you see the fraud warning poster at the bank ATM?)"
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
Write about a time you or someone you know encountered a scam (詐欺).
How can society protect elderly people from fraud (詐欺)?
Describe a product or advertisement that felt like a 'scam' (詐欺).
Why do you think people fall for internet scams (ネット詐欺)?
Summarize a recent news story you heard about a fraud case (詐欺事件).
الأسئلة الشائعة
10 أسئلة嘘 (uso) is the general word for a lie. It can be a small, harmless lie or a big one. 詐欺 (sagi) specifically refers to fraud or a scam, which is a crime. 詐欺 involves deceiving someone with the intent to steal their money or property. You would not call a child lying about eating a cookie a 詐欺. However, a fake investment scheme is definitely a 詐欺.
The most natural and common way to say 'I was scammed' is 詐欺に遭いました (sagi ni aimashita). The verb 遭う (au) means to encounter or meet with an undesirable event. You must use the particle に (ni) with this verb. Avoid saying 詐欺をされました, as it sounds slightly unnatural.
オレオレ詐欺 translates to the 'It's me, it's me scam'. It is a very famous type of phone scam in Japan. The scammer calls an elderly person, says 'Ore, ore' (It's me, it's me), pretending to be their son or grandson. They then claim to be in terrible trouble and urgently need money transferred to a bank account.
詐欺 is a noun, but it can be used to modify other nouns. You can use it with the particle の (no), like 詐欺の電話 (scam phone call). You can also add the suffix 的 (teki) to make it an adjective: 詐欺的な (fraudulent). Another common way is to use まがい (magai) to mean 'borderline': 詐欺まがいの商法 (borderline fraudulent business practices).
A 詐欺師 is a con artist, swindler, or fraudster. The suffix 師 (shi) is used for a person who is a master or professional at something (like 教師, teacher, or 医師, doctor). In this case, it ironically denotes someone who makes a profession out of deceiving others. It is a strong, negative word.
Yes, it is very common to use 詐欺 casually to describe something that is a rip-off or highly misleading. For example, if a hotel room looks beautiful online but is terrible in reality, you might say '写真詐欺だ' (It's a photo scam). However, be careful not to use it to accuse someone directly unless you mean it seriously.
When using the verb 働く (which normally means 'to work') to mean 'to commit a crime', you use the object particle を (o). So, 'to commit fraud' is 詐欺を働く (sagi o hataraku). This is a formal expression often heard in news reports.
Japan has a high rate of bank transfer scams (振り込め詐欺, furikome sagi) targeting the elderly. Scammers instruct victims to go to an ATM while on the phone to transfer money. Banks place large warning posters with the word 詐欺 on or near ATMs to remind customers to be cautious and hang up if they suspect a scam.
The word is made of two kanji. 詐 (sa) means to deceive, lie, or falsify. 欺 (gi) means to cheat, fool, or deceive. Both kanji contain elements related to speech or words, highlighting that fraud usually involves verbal deception. Together, they strongly emphasize the act of malicious trickery.
An internet scam is commonly referred to as ネット詐欺 (netto sagi). This is a broad term that covers phishing, fake online stores, and other digital frauds. You might also hear specific terms like フィッシング詐欺 (phishing sagi) for phishing emails.
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Summary
詐欺 (sagi) is the essential Japanese word for fraud or a scam. It is crucial for understanding public safety warnings, news reports, and discussing deceptive practices, both criminal and casual.
- Means fraud, scam, or deceit.
- Used for illegal acts to get money.
- Common in news and bank warnings.
- Can be used jokingly for big disappointments.
Particle 'ni' with 'au'
Always remember to use the particle に (ni) when you want to say you fell victim to a scam. The phrase is 詐欺に遭う (sagi ni au). Do not use the object particle を (o). This is a very common mistake for English speakers translating 'I was scammed'.
The Suffix '-shi'
To talk about the person committing the fraud, add 師 (shi) to make 詐欺師 (sagishi), meaning con artist. Do not use 者 (sha) or 人 (jin). 師 implies someone who does this as a 'profession' or with great skill.
ATM Warnings
When you are in Japan, pay attention to the screens and posters at ATMs. You will almost certainly see the word 詐欺. Recognizing this word helps you understand public safety announcements and navigate daily life more safely.
Casual Exaggeration
You can use 詐欺 to complain about things that aren't literal crimes but feel like a rip-off. For example, 'このパッケージ、詐欺だ!' (This packaging is a scam!) if a bag of chips is mostly air. It sounds natural and expressive.
مثال
詐欺に遭いました。
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات Law
告訴
A1شكوى جنائية رسمية يقدمها الضحية. وتطالب بمعاقبة الجاني.
協定
A1اتفاق رسمي أو ترتيب يتم التوصل إليه بين طرفين أو أكثر، غالباً في سياقات سياسية أو تجارية.
恩赦
A1فعل رسمي من قبل الحكومة للعفو عن الأشخاص المدانين.
上訴
A1المصطلح القانوني الذي يشير إلى عملية استئناف قرار محكمة أدنى أمام محكمة أعلى. وهو مصطلح عام يشمل أنواعاً مختلفة من الطعون.
可決
A1الموافقة الرسمية على اقتراح أو مشروع قانون من قبل هيئة تصويت. مثال: 'تمت الموافقة على الميزانية في المجلس.'
逮捕
A1العمل القانوني المتمثل في احتجاز شخص ما من قبل الشرطة بسبب جريمة مشتبه بها.
放火
A1الحرق العمد؛ فعل إشعال النار عمداً في مبنى أو ممتلكات. في القانون الياباني، تُعتبر جريمة جنائية خطيرة للغاية.
暴行
A1عمل من أعمال العنف الجسدي أو الاعتداء على شخص. يستخدم في السياقات القانونية والإخبارية.
保釈
A1الإفراج بكفالة هو الإطلاق المؤقت لسراح المتهم بانتظار المحاكمة. الكلمة اليابانية هي '保釈'.
背任
A1خيانة الأمانة. التصرف ضد الواجبات لتحقيق مكاسب شخصية.