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B1 noun #7,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

سرخی

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At the A1 level, you primarily learn the basic colors as adjectives. You know 'sorkh' or 'ghermez' means 'red'. The word 'sorkhi' is the noun form. Think of it like this: 'red' is the color of the apple, and 'redness' is the name of that color. At this stage, you might only see 'sorkhi' in very simple phrases like 'sorkhi-ye gol' (the redness of the flower). You don't need to use it often yet, but recognizing that the '-i' at the end turns the color into a 'thing' is a great first step. You might hear it in simple songs or see it in picture books describing a sunset. Focus on the fact that it is a noun, not a word you use to describe a car or a shirt directly. If you want to say 'the car is red', stay with 'mashin ghermez ast'. Only use 'sorkhi' when you want to talk about the quality of the color itself.
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As an A2 learner, you are starting to describe things in more detail. You can use 'sorkhi' to describe natural scenes or physical feelings. For example, you might say 'The redness of the sky is beautiful' (Sorkhi-ye aseman zibaast). You also begin to learn about the Ezafe construction more deeply. You'll notice that 'sorkhi' needs a '-ye' sound when it connects to another word. In this level, you might also encounter the word in health contexts. If you have a small burn or a mosquito bite, you can tell someone 'Look at this redness' (Be in sorkhi negah kon). You are moving beyond just naming colors to discussing the intensity or presence of those colors. It's also the stage where you might learn about Chaharshanbe Suri and the famous phrase 'sorkhi-ye to az man', which introduces you to the cultural importance of the word as a symbol of health.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'سرخی' (sorkhi) in various contexts, including medical, poetic, and descriptive. You understand the difference between 'sorkhi' and 'ghermezi'—that 'sorkhi' often feels more natural or literary. You can use it to describe a person's complexion (sorkhi-ye gooneh) or the ripeness of fruit. You are also starting to understand abstract concepts. You can use 'sorkhi' to talk about blushing from embarrassment or the glow of a fire. Your grammar should be solid enough to use it in complex sentences, such as 'The redness that appeared on his face showed his anger'. You are also becoming aware of synonyms and how 'sorkhi' fits into the wider family of words related to 'sorkh', like 'sorkh-kardan' (to fry) or 'sorkhak' (measles). This word is a key part of your vocabulary for describing the world with more nuance and emotional depth.
For B2 learners, 'sorkhi' is a tool for sophisticated description. You can use it to analyze art or literature. When reading a Persian poem, you can discuss how the 'sorkhi' of the sunset represents the passage of time or the blood of a lover's heart. You are expected to use the word with correct register. You know that 'sorkhi' is perfect for a travel blog describing the mountains of Iran at dusk, but you might switch to 'ghermezi' for more mundane topics. You also understand more complex idioms and cultural references. You can explain the symbolic meaning of 'sorkhi' in Iranian traditions and how it contrasts with 'zardi' (yellowness/sickness). Your use of the Ezafe with this word is flawless, and you can handle compound words and derivatives easily. You might also start using it in academic or semi-formal writing to describe data, such as 'the redness of the solution' in a chemistry experiment.
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At the C1 level, you use 'sorkhi' with the precision of a native speaker. You are aware of its historical roots and its evolution in the Persian language. You can appreciate the subtle differences between 'sorkhi', 'la'li' (ruby-like redness), and 'arghavani' (crimson). You use 'sorkhi' in high-level discourse, perhaps discussing the aesthetics of Persian miniature painting or the symbolic use of color in the Shahnameh. You can use the word metaphorically without hesitation, perhaps describing the 'sorkhi' of a political revolution or the 'sorkhi' of a heated debate. You are also sensitive to the rhythmic properties of the word in prose and poetry. You can identify when a writer chooses 'sorkhi' over 'ghermezi' to evoke a specific mood or to adhere to a particular literary style. Your vocabulary is rich enough that 'sorkhi' is just one of many ways you can describe the visual world.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'sorkhi' is absolute. You understand its deepest etymological connections to Indo-European roots and its cognates in other languages. You can discuss the nuances of the word in classical vs. modern Persian. You might use it in a doctoral thesis on Persian linguistics or a critique of classical Sufi texts. For you, 'sorkhi' is not just a word for a color; it is a cultural artifact that carries centuries of meaning. You can use it in highly specialized fields, from advanced dermatology to color theory. You can play with the word in creative writing, using it in puns or complex metaphors that require a deep understanding of Persian culture. You are also capable of translating the word into English or other languages while preserving its specific emotional and cultural weight, recognizing that 'redness' often fails to capture the full essence of 'sorkhi'.
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سرخی in 30 Sekunden

  • A noun meaning 'redness', used for sunsets, blushing, and medical symptoms.
  • Derived from 'sorkh' (red), it is more literary than 'ghermezi'.
  • Central to Persian culture, symbolizing health and vitality in festivals.
  • Commonly used with the Ezafe to describe the color quality of objects.

The Persian word سرخی (pronounced 'sorkhi') is a versatile noun derived from the adjective سرخ (sorkh), meaning 'red'. In its most literal sense, it translates to 'redness' or 'the quality of being red'. However, its usage in Persian culture and literature extends far beyond a simple color description. It encapsulates the vivid hues of a sunset, the healthy glow of a person's cheeks, the alarming inflammation of a wound, and even the symbolic representation of vitality and life. When you encounter this word, you are looking at the abstract concept of 'red' manifested in various physical and metaphorical states.

Visual Aesthetics
It is most frequently used to describe the breathtaking colors of the sky during dawn and dusk. In Persian poetry, the 'sorkhi' of the horizon is a recurring motif for transition and beauty.

نگاه کن به سرخی افق در هنگام غروب؛ چقدر زیباست. (Look at the redness of the horizon at sunset; how beautiful it is.)

Medical and Physical States
In a clinical context, it refers to erythema or general redness of the skin caused by irritation, allergy, or infection. It is a common term used when describing symptoms to a doctor.

Furthermore, 'sorkhi' is used in the world of cosmetics. Historically, it was a term for rouge or lipstick before more modern loanwords like 'rozh' became common. Even today, describing someone as having 'sorkhi' on their lips implies a natural or applied vibrant red color. It is also used to describe the ripeness of fruits like pomegranates or apples, where the intensity of the red color indicates readiness and sweetness. The word carries a positive connotation of health; 'sorkhi-ye gooneh' (redness of the cheeks) suggests a person is well-rested and thriving, as opposed to 'zardi' (paleness/yellowishness) which suggests illness.

سرخی سیب‌ها نشان‌دهنده رسیده بودن آن‌هاست. (The redness of the apples indicates their ripeness.)

Emotional Expression
When someone blushes out of embarrassment or anger, 'sorkhi' is the word used to describe that sudden rush of color to the face.

In summary, 'sorkhi' is a foundational noun in the Persian language. Whether you are discussing art, medicine, nature, or emotions, this word provides the necessary vocabulary to describe the presence and intensity of the color red. It is a bridge between the physical world and symbolic meanings of health and passion.

Using 'سرخی' (sorkhi) correctly requires understanding its role as an abstract noun. It often functions as the subject of a sentence or as the object of a preposition. Because it is a noun, it can be modified by adjectives or possessive endings (Ezafe). One of the most common ways to use it is in describing natural phenomena or physical symptoms.

سرخی چشم‌هایش به دلیل خستگی زیاد بود. (The redness of his eyes was due to extreme tiredness.)

The Ezafe Construction
When you want to say 'the redness of [something]', you use the Ezafe '-e'. For example, 'Sorkhi-ye lab' (redness of the lip) or 'Sorkhi-ye khorshid' (redness of the sun).

In literary contexts, you might see 'sorkhi' used to describe the blood of martyrs or the intensity of wine. It is a word that carries weight. In everyday conversation, however, it remains grounded in observation. If you see a rash, you point out the 'sorkhi'. If you see a beautiful flower, you might comment on the 'sorkhi-ye gol'. It is also frequently paired with verbs like 'didan' (to see) or 'az bin raftan' (to disappear/fade).

پس از استفاده از کرم، سرخی پوستش کمتر شد. (After using the cream, the redness of her skin decreased.)

Metaphorical Use
'Sorkhi' can represent shame. 'Sorkhi-ye soorat' (redness of the face) is a polite way to describe blushing from embarrassment.

When writing, ensure you don't confuse the noun 'sorkhi' with the adjective 'sorkh'. You would say 'The apple is red' (Sib sorkh ast), but 'The redness of the apple is beautiful' (Sorkhi-ye sib zibaast). This distinction is crucial for B1 learners to master. Using the noun form allows for more complex sentence structures where the 'redness' itself is the topic of discussion rather than just a property of an object.

You will encounter 'سرخی' in a variety of real-world settings in Iran and Persian-speaking communities. One of the most iconic places is during the celebration of **Chaharshanbe Suri**, the festival of fire held on the last Wednesday of the Iranian year. As people jump over small bonfires, they chant: 'Zardi-ye man az to, sorkhi-ye to az man'. This translates to 'My yellowness (sickness) to you, your redness (health/vitality) to me'. In this context, 'sorkhi' is the ultimate symbol of life-force and energy.

Weather Forecasts
Meteorologists or locals discussing the weather might mention 'sorkhi-ye aseman' (redness of the sky) to predict the next day's weather, similar to the 'red sky at night' proverb.

در اخبار گفتند که سرخی بیش از حد افق به دلیل گرد و غبار است. (They said in the news that the excessive redness of the horizon is due to dust.)

Another common place to hear this word is at a **pharmacy or doctor's office**. If you have an allergy or a burn, the doctor will ask about the 'sorkhi-ye poost' (redness of the skin). It is a standard medical descriptor. Similarly, in the **kitchen**, a chef might talk about the 'sorkhi' of high-quality saffron or the 'sorkhi' of a perfectly cooked tomato paste (rob-e goje farangi). In the **art world**, painters and critics use it to discuss the intensity and saturation of pigments in a canvas.

Everyday Idioms
'Ba soorat-e sorkh' (with a red face) often refers to keeping one's dignity despite hardship, though the word 'sorkhi' itself is the root of these expressions.

Finally, you'll hear it in **song lyrics**. Persian pop and traditional music often use 'sorkhi' to describe the sunset as a backdrop for longing or romantic encounters. It is a word that evokes emotion and visual richness, making it a favorite for songwriters and poets alike. By listening for this word, you can gauge the tone of a conversation—whether it's clinical, poetic, or purely observational.

The most frequent mistake learners make with 'سرخی' (sorkhi) is confusing it with its adjective counterpart, 'سرخ' (sorkh). While English uses 'red' as both an adjective ('the red car') and sometimes a noun ('the red of the car'), Persian maintains a strict distinction between the two. You cannot use 'sorkhi' to describe a noun directly as an attribute; you must use it to discuss the quality itself.

Adjective vs. Noun
Wrong: ماشین سرخی (Sorkhi mashin) - This sounds like 'Redness car'.
Right: ماشین سرخ (Mashin-e sorkh) - 'Red car'.
Right: سرخیِ ماشین (Sorkhi-ye mashin) - 'The redness of the car'.

اشتباه: من سرخی سیب را خوردم. (I ate the redness of the apple.) - Unless you are being poetic, you usually eat the 'sib-e sorkh' (red apple).

Another mistake involves the Ezafe. Because 'sorkhi' ends in a long 'i' sound, learners often forget to add the necessary glide when connecting it to the next word. In formal writing, this is indicated by a small 'ye' over the 'i' or a separate 'ye'. Pronouncing it as 'sorkh-e' instead of 'sorkhi-ye' is a common pronunciation error that can lead to confusion with the adjective form.

Register Confusion
In very informal speech, people might use 'ghermezi' instead of 'sorkhi'. Using 'sorkhi' in a casual street conversation about a red shirt might sound a bit too formal or poetic. 'Ghermezi' is the more common everyday word for 'redness' in casual contexts.

Lastly, learners sometimes use 'sorkhi' when they mean 'blood' (khoon). While 'sorkhi' can represent blood metaphorically in poetry, in a sentence like 'There is redness on the floor', a Persian speaker might think you mean a stain or paint, not necessarily blood. Be specific if you mean 'blood'. Mastering these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid the 'translation-ese' that often plagues intermediate learners.

In Persian, there are several words that relate to the color red or the concept of redness. Understanding the differences between 'سرخی' (sorkhi), 'قرمزی' (ghermezi), and other related terms is key to achieving B1 proficiency. While 'sorkhi' and 'ghermezi' both mean 'redness', they carry different shades of meaning and are used in different registers.

Sorkhi vs. Ghermezi
'Sorkhi' is often perceived as more literary, natural, or elevated. It is used for sunsets, cheeks, and traditional rituals. 'Ghermezi' is the standard, everyday word for redness, used for traffic lights, pens, and clothing.

برای توصیف گل رز، سرخی شاعرانه‌تر است، اما برای چراغ راهنمایی، فقط از 'قرمزی' استفاده می‌کنیم. (For describing a rose, 'sorkhi' is more poetic, but for a traffic light, we only use 'ghermezi'.)

Other alternatives include words that specify the *type* of redness. 'Arghavani' refers to a purplish-red or crimson, often associated with royalty or specific flowers. 'Anari' refers to the deep, translucent red of pomegranate seeds. If you are describing a medical condition, you might hear 'Altehab' (inflammation), which implies redness along with swelling and heat. Using these more specific terms can add precision to your speech.

Comparison Table
  • Sorkhi: Natural, poetic, sunset, cheeks, healthy glow.
  • Ghermezi: General, functional, artificial objects, traffic lights.
  • Khoon-rang: Blood-colored, intense, dark red.
  • Golgoun: Rose-colored, often used for beautiful complexions.

When choosing between these words, consider the context. If you are writing a poem or a descriptive essay about nature, 'sorkhi' is your best friend. If you are complaining about a red wine stain on your carpet to a dry cleaner, 'ghermezi' or 'lakeh-ye ghermez' (red stain) is more appropriate. Understanding these subtle shifts in register and connotation is what elevates a learner from basic communication to nuanced expression.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The word 'sorkh' is actually more closely related to the English word 'ruby' and 'red' than it looks at first glance, through ancient Indo-European roots.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /sɔːrˈxiː/
US /sɔːrˈxiː/
The stress is on the second syllable: sor-KHI.
Reimt sich auf
تلخی (talkhi - bitterness) چرخی (charkhi - wheel-like) شوخی (shokhi - joke) فرخی (farrokhi - prosperity) برخی (barkhi - some) دوزخی (dozakhi - hellish) پاسخی (pasokhi - a response) نخی (nakhi - cotton/thread-like)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'kh' as a hard 'k'. It should be a breathy rasp.
  • Making the 'o' sound like 'u' (surkhi). It is 'sorkhi'.
  • Forgetting the long 'i' at the end.
  • Putting stress on the first syllable.
  • Mixing it up with 'sorkhak' (measles).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'sorkh', but Ezafe can be tricky.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the final 'ye' and understanding of noun usage.

Sprechen 3/5

The 'kh' sound is the main challenge for English speakers.

Hören 2/5

Distinctive sound, usually easy to pick out in context.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

سرخ (sorkh) رنگ (rang) آسمان (aseman) پوست (poost) غروب (ghorub)

Als Nächstes lernen

زردی (zardi) سفیدی (sefidi) سیاهی (siyahi) تاریکی (tariki) روشنایی (roshanayi)

Fortgeschritten

شفق (shafagh) فلق (falagh) ارغوانی (arghavani) یاقوتی (yaghuti)

Wichtige Grammatik

Noun formation with '-i'

Adding '-i' to adjectives like 'sorkh' (red) creates abstract nouns like 'sorkhi' (redness).

Ezafe with words ending in 'i'

When a word ends in 'ی', the Ezafe is often written as a small 'ء' or 'ی' on top, pronounced '-ye'.

Adjective placement

If you modify 'sorkhi' with another adjective, it follows the noun: 'sorkhi-ye ziba' (beautiful redness).

Direct object marker 'ra'

Use 'ra' when 'sorkhi' is a specific direct object: 'Sorkhi-ye anar ra didam'.

Pluralization of abstract nouns

Abstract nouns like 'sorkhi' are rarely pluralized unless referring to different shades or instances.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

سرخی گل زیباست.

The redness of the flower is beautiful.

Simple Ezafe construction: Noun + -e + Noun.

2

من سرخی سیب را دوست دارم.

I like the redness of the apple.

Direct object marker 'ra' is used after the noun phrase.

3

سرخی خورشید را ببین.

Look at the redness of the sun.

Imperative verb 'bebin' (look/see).

4

این سرخی چیست؟

What is this redness?

Demonstrative pronoun 'in' (this).

5

سرخی گونه‌های او.

The redness of her cheeks.

Plural noun 'gooneh-ha' (cheeks).

6

آسمان سرخی دارد.

The sky has a redness.

Verb 'dashtan' (to have) in present tense.

7

سرخی لب‌های بچه.

The redness of the baby's lips.

Possessive Ezafe.

8

مداد سرخی ندارد.

The pencil doesn't have redness (meaning: it's not a red pencil).

Negative verb 'nadarad'.

1

سرخی افق در غروب خیلی قشنگ است.

The redness of the horizon at sunset is very pretty.

Compound noun 'ofogh-e ghorub'.

2

او به خاطر سرخی پوستش به دکتر رفت.

He went to the doctor because of the redness of his skin.

Prepositional phrase 'be khater-e' (because of).

3

سرخی هندوانه نشان می‌دهد که شیرین است.

The redness of the watermelon shows that it is sweet.

Subordinate clause starting with 'ke'.

4

چرا سرخی چشم‌هایت از بین نمی‌رود؟

Why doesn't the redness of your eyes go away?

Question word 'chera' and phrasal verb 'az bin raftan'.

5

در زمستان، سرخی بینی عادی است.

In winter, redness of the nose is normal.

Adjective 'adi' (normal/common).

6

سرخی این پارچه خیلی تند است.

The redness of this fabric is very sharp/intense.

Adjective 'tond' used here for color intensity.

7

من سرخی آتش را حس می‌کنم.

I feel the redness of the fire.

Verb 'hess kardan' (to feel).

8

سرخی گونه‌هایش از خجالت بود.

The redness of her cheeks was from embarrassment.

Noun 'khojalat' (embarrassment).

1

سرخی ملایم صبحگاهی آرامش‌بخش است.

The mild morning redness is relaxing.

Adjective 'molayem' (mild) modifying the noun.

2

پزشک گفت که این سرخی علامت حساسیت است.

The doctor said that this redness is a sign of an allergy.

Reported speech using 'ke'.

3

سرخی بیش از حد گوشت ممکن است غیرطبیعی باشد.

Excessive redness of the meat might be unnatural.

Adverbial phrase 'bish az had' (excessive).

4

او با سرخی چهره‌اش نشان داد که عصبانی است.

He showed he was angry with the redness of his face.

Preposition 'ba' (with) indicating manner.

5

سرخی لبو تمام ظرف را رنگی کرد.

The redness of the beetroot stained the whole dish.

Verb 'rangi kardan' (to color/stain).

6

در نقاشی، سرخی نماد عشق و اشتیاق است.

In painting, redness is a symbol of love and passion.

Noun 'namad' (symbol).

7

سرخی خون بر روی برف کاملاً مشهود بود.

The redness of the blood was completely visible on the snow.

Adjective 'mashhood' (evident/visible).

8

باید از سرخی بیش از حد خورشید در تابستان ترسید.

One should fear the excessive redness of the sun in summer.

Modal construction 'bayad ... tarsid'.

1

سرخی شفق قطبی تجربه‌ای فراموش‌نشدنی است.

The redness of the aurora borealis is an unforgettable experience.

Complex noun phrase as the subject.

2

شدت سرخی در این ناحیه از پوست نگران‌کننده است.

The intensity of the redness in this area of the skin is concerning.

Abstract noun 'sheddat' (intensity).

3

شاعر سرخی می را به خون دل تشبیه کرده است.

The poet has compared the redness of the wine to the heart's blood.

Verb 'tashbih kardan' (to compare/metaphorize).

4

سرخی گونه‌هایش ناشی از سرمای شدید کوهستان بود.

The redness of her cheeks was due to the extreme cold of the mountains.

Adjective 'nashi az' (resulting from).

5

در این آزمایش، سرخی محلول نشان‌دهنده اسیدی بودن آن است.

In this experiment, the redness of the solution indicates its acidity.

Gerund 'budan' (being).

6

او سعی کرد سرخی چشمانش را با عینک آفتابی بپوشاند.

He tried to cover the redness of his eyes with sunglasses.

Infinitive 'pushandan' (to cover).

7

سرخی شعله‌های آتش در دل شب می‌درخشید.

The redness of the fire flames was shining in the heart of the night.

Metaphorical phrase 'dar del-e shab'.

8

تضاد میان سرخی گل و سبزی برگ‌ها چشم‌نواز است.

The contrast between the redness of the flower and the greenness of the leaves is eye-catching.

Noun 'tazad' (contrast).

1

سرخی فریبنده افق، مژده‌دهنده روزی گرم و پرکار بود.

The deceptive redness of the horizon was a harbinger of a hot and busy day.

Active participle 'mozhdeh-dahandeh' (harbinger/bringer of news).

2

در متون کهن، سرخی یاقوت را به آتش تشبیه می‌کردند.

In ancient texts, the redness of the ruby was compared to fire.

Plural 'motun' (texts) and 'kohan' (ancient).

3

سرخی پوست بیمار پس از تزریق دارو به تدریج فروکش کرد.

The redness of the patient's skin gradually subsided after the medication injection.

Compound verb 'foru-kesh kardan' (to subside).

4

هنرمند با ظرافت تمام، سرخی لب‌ها را در پرتره بازآفرینی کرده است.

The artist has recreated the redness of the lips in the portrait with utter delicacy.

Adverbial phrase 'ba zerafat-e tamam'.

5

سرخی شرم بر گونه‌هایش، صداقت کلامش را تایید می‌کرد.

The redness of shame on her cheeks confirmed the sincerity of her words.

Abstract noun 'sedaghat' (sincerity).

6

تجزیه و تحلیل سرخی ستاره‌ها به اخترشناسان در تعیین دمای آن‌ها کمک می‌کند.

Analyzing the redness of stars helps astronomers determine their temperature.

Complex subject phrase involving 'tajziyeh va tahlil' (analysis).

7

سرخی زغال‌های گداخته، گرمای مطبوعی به اتاق می‌بخشید.

The redness of the glowing coals gave a pleasant warmth to the room.

Adjective 'godakhteh' (molten/glowing).

8

او در نوشته‌هایش، سرخی غروب را نمادی از پایان یک دوران می‌دانست.

In his writings, he considered the redness of the sunset a symbol of the end of an era.

Past imperfect 'midanest' (used to consider).

1

سرخی متصاعد از کوره‌های ذوب آهن، گویای عظمت صنعت بود.

The redness emanating from the iron smelting furnaces bespoke the grandeur of the industry.

Present participle 'motesa'ed' (emanating/rising).

2

در فلسفه اشراق، سرخی افق معنایی ورای پدیدارهای فیزیکی می‌یابد.

In Illuminationist philosophy, the redness of the horizon acquires a meaning beyond physical phenomena.

Technical term 'falsafeh-ye eshragh'.

3

سرخی غلیظ و تیره خون در صحنه جرم، حاکی از خشونتی بی‌حد بود.

The thick, dark redness of the blood at the crime scene indicated boundless violence.

Adjective 'haki az' (indicative of).

4

او با دقتی وسواس‌گونه، سرخی انار را در اشعارش توصیف می‌کرد.

With obsessive precision, he described the redness of the pomegranate in his poems.

Adverbial phrase 'ba deghghati vasvas-gooneh'.

5

سرخی چشمانش پس از ساعت‌ها مطالعه، گواهی بر پشتکار او بود.

The redness of his eyes after hours of study was a testament to his perseverance.

Noun 'govahi' (testimony/witness).

6

در این مینیاتور، سرخی جام شراب با رنگ قبای پادشاه همخوانی دارد.

In this miniature, the redness of the wine goblet harmonizes with the color of the king's robe.

Noun 'hamkhani' (harmony/accordance).

7

سرخی مایل به بنفش در لبه‌های ابر، منظره‌ای سوررئال پدید آورده بود.

The purplish redness at the edges of the clouds had created a surreal landscape.

Compound adjective 'mayel be banafsh' (inclined towards purple).

8

او سرخی گونه‌های محبوب را به برگ گل تشبیه کرد که در شبنم غوطه خورده است.

He compared the redness of the beloved's cheeks to a flower petal soaked in dew.

Complex relative clause using 'ke'.

Häufige Kollokationen

سرخی افق
سرخی گونه
سرخی چشم
سرخی پوست
سرخی آتش
سرخی لب
سرخی خون
سرخی غروب
شدت سرخی
سرخی می

Häufige Phrasen

سرخی تو از من

— A ritual phrase from Chaharshanbe Suri asking for health from fire.

زردی من از تو، سرخی تو از من.

سرخی سیب

— Commonly used to describe the perfect ripeness of an apple.

سرخی سیب‌های دماوند معروف است.

سرخی شرم

— The redness caused by feeling ashamed or shy.

سرخی شرم بر صورتش نشست.

سرخی کاذب

— False redness, often referring to a feverish or artificial glow.

این سرخی کاذب به خاطر تب است.

سرخی افق صبح

— The redness of the morning horizon.

سرخی افق صبح نوید روزی نو است.

سرخی لبو

— Used as a standard for a very deep, saturated red.

رنگ صورتش مثل سرخی لبو شد.

سرخی بیش از حد

— Excessive redness.

سرخی بیش از حد پوست نگران‌کننده است.

سرخی ملایم

— A soft or mild redness.

سرخی ملایمی در آسمان دیده می‌شود.

سرخی و تورم

— Redness and swelling (common medical pairing).

سرخی و تورم در محل زخم دیده می‌شود.

سرخی چشمگیر

— Striking or eye-catching redness.

این گل سرخی چشمگیری دارد.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

سرخی vs سرخک

This means 'measles' (a disease), not 'redness'.

سرخی vs سرخ‌کردن

This is the verb 'to fry', which is related but used for cooking.

سرخی vs شوخی

Sounds similar but means 'a joke'.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"صورت خود را با سیلی سرخ نگه داشتن"

— To keep up appearances; to hide one's poverty or problems with dignity (literally: keeping the face red with slaps).

او با وجود مشکلات، صورتش را با سیلی سرخ نگه می‌دارد.

Common Idiom
"سرخ و سفید شدن"

— To blush and turn pale alternately; to be extremely embarrassed or agitated.

وقتی دروغش لو رفت، سرخ و سفید شد.

Neutral
"مثل لبو سرخ شدن"

— To turn as red as a beet (usually from embarrassment or anger).

از عصبانیت مثل لبو سرخ شده بود.

Informal
"سرخی به چهره داشتن"

— To look healthy and vibrant.

ماشاالله، هنوز سرخی به چهره داری.

Neutral
"سرخی زدن"

— To appear (referring to dawn or a rash).

سپیده سرخی زد.

Literary
"رنگ سرخی به خود گرفتن"

— To turn red (a situation or object).

آسمان رنگ سرخی به خود گرفت.

Descriptive
"سرخی از چهره پریدن"

— To lose one's healthy color; to turn pale from fear or shock.

با شنیدن خبر، سرخی از چهره‌اش پرید.

Neutral
"در سرخی غروب گم شدن"

— To disappear into the sunset (metaphorical for ending or leaving).

کشتی در سرخی غروب گم شد.

Poetic
"سرخی خون بر زمین ماندن"

— For a crime or sacrifice to not be forgotten.

سرخی خون شهید بر زمین نمی‌ماند.

Political/Religious
"سرخی و زردی"

— The ups and downs of health or life.

روزگار سرخی و زردی زیاد دارد.

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

سرخی vs سرخ

Adjective vs. Noun.

'Sorkh' is the color (red), 'Sorkhi' is the quality (redness).

سیب سرخ (red apple) vs سرخی سیب (redness of apple).

سرخی vs قرمزی

Synonyms.

'Ghermezi' is more casual/artificial; 'Sorkhi' is more natural/literary.

قرمزی خودکار (redness of the pen).

سرخی vs خون

Association.

'Khoon' is the fluid (blood); 'Sorkhi' is the color property.

سرخی خون (the redness of the blood).

سرخی vs آتش

Association.

'Atash' is the fire; 'Sorkhi' is its color.

سرخی آتش (the redness of the fire).

سرخی vs شفق

Context.

'Shafagh' is the twilight period; 'Sorkhi' is the color during that period.

سرخی شفق (the redness of the twilight).

Satzmuster

A1

سرخی [Noun] [Adjective] است.

سرخی سیب خوب است.

A2

[Noun] سرخی دارد.

آسمان سرخی دارد.

B1

به دلیل سرخی [Noun] ...

به دلیل سرخی چشم به دکتر رفتم.

B1

سرخیِ [Noun] را [Verb].

سرخیِ غروب را دوست دارم.

B2

شدت سرخی در [Noun] ...

شدت سرخی در افق زیاد بود.

B2

سرخی نماد [Abstract Noun] است.

سرخی نماد عشق است.

C1

سرخیِ [Adjective] [Noun] ...

سرخیِ خیره‌کننده خورشید ...

C2

[Noun] حاکی از سرخیِ ...

این منظره حاکی از سرخیِ بی‌پایان است.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

سرخک (sorkhak - measles)
سرخ‌رود (Sorkhrud - a city name)
سرخ‌پوست (sorkh-poost - Native American/Redskin)
سرخ‌گل (sorkh-gol - red flower/rose)

Verben

سرخ کردن (sorkh kardan - to fry/to make red)
سرخ شدن (sorkh shodan - to turn red/to blush/to be fried)

Adjektive

سرخ (sorkh - red)
سرخ‌گون (sorkh-goon - reddish)
گلگون (gol-goon - rosy)
سرخ‌فام (sorkh-fam - red-colored)

Verwandt

قرمز (ghermez - red)
خون (khoon - blood)
آتش (atash - fire)
غروب (ghorub - sunset)
گونه (gooneh - cheek)
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frequency

High in literature and nature descriptions; moderate in daily speech.

Häufige Fehler
  • ماشین سرخی → ماشین سرخ

    You cannot use the noun 'sorkhi' to describe a car directly as an adjective.

  • سرخیِ غروب زیبا است. → سرخیِ غروب زیباست.

    While both are okay, 'zibaast' is the more natural contraction for 'is beautiful'.

  • Pronouncing 'sorkhi' as 'sorkh-e'. → sorkhi-ye

    The 'i' at the end of 'sorkhi' is part of the word, not the Ezafe itself.

  • Using 'sorkhi' for a traffic light. → ghermezi

    'Sorkhi' is too poetic for a traffic light; 'ghermezi' is the functional term.

  • Confusing 'sorkhi' with 'sorkhak'. → sorkhi

    'Sorkhak' is measles. Don't tell someone they have 'sorkhak' if they just have a red face!

Tipps

The Noun Rule

Always remember that 'sorkhi' is a noun. Use it after 'the' in English translations: 'The redness'.

Nowruz Connection

Learn the phrase 'Sorkhi-ye to az man' to impress Iranians during the New Year festivals.

Poetic Shift

Use 'sorkhi' instead of 'ghermezi' when writing a card or describing a beautiful view.

The 'Kh' Sound

Keep the 'kh' soft. It's not a 'k' and it's not a 'h'; it's right in the middle.

Doctor Visits

If you have a rash, 'sorkhi' is the first word you should use to describe it.

Ezafe Mastery

Practice saying 'sorkhi-ye' quickly. The glide makes you sound much more fluent.

Fruit Ripeness

When buying fruit, look for 'sorkhi'. It usually means the fruit is sweet and ready.

Ancient Roots

Knowing that it comes from 'suhr' helps you see the connection to other Indo-European languages.

Sunset Talk

If you're watching a sunset with someone, say: 'Che sorkhi-ye ghashangi!' (What a beautiful redness!)

Sorkhi vs Zardi

Remember the health vs sickness contrast. Redness is good, yellowness is bad.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Sorkhi' as 'Sore Key'. Imagine a red, 'sore' key that turns the sky red at sunset. 'Sore Key' = Sorkhi.

Visuelle Assoziation

Picture a giant red pomegranate (anar) bursting and its 'sorkhi' (redness) staining a white cloth.

Word Web

آسمان (Sky) خون (Blood) انار (Pomegranate) آتش (Fire) لب (Lip) گونه (Cheek) غروب (Sunset) گل (Flower)

Herausforderung

Try to use 'sorkhi' in three different ways today: once for a food item, once for the weather, and once for a person's appearance.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word 'suhr', which comes from the Old Persian 'sukhra'. It is cognate with the Sanskrit 'shukra' (bright/pure) and related to the Proto-Indo-European root *reudh- (red).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: Brilliance, brightness, or the specific color of fire and blood.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Kultureller Kontext

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral color term.

English speakers might use 'redness' mostly for eyes or skin irritation, but in Persian, 'sorkhi' is much more poetic and used for sunsets.

The phrase 'Sorkhi-ye to az man' from Chaharshanbe Suri. Poem by Sohrab Sepehri mentioning the 'sorkhi' of the pomegranate. The 'Red' (Sorkh) color in the Iranian flag, symbolizing martyrdom and bravery.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Nature/Weather

  • سرخی آسمان
  • سرخی غروب
  • سرخی افق
  • سرخی صبحگاه

Health/Medical

  • سرخی و خارش
  • سرخی چشم
  • سرخی جای زخم
  • سرخی پوست

Cosmetics/Appearance

  • سرخی گونه
  • سرخی لب
  • سرخی طبیعی
  • سرخی چهره

Food/Cooking

  • سرخی انار
  • سرخی هندوانه
  • سرخی گوجه
  • سرخی زعفران

Literature/Art

  • سرخی می
  • سرخی نمادین
  • سرخی تابلو
  • سرخی کلام

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا سرخی افق را امروز دیدی؟ (Did you see the redness of the horizon today?)"

"به نظر تو سرخی این گل طبیعی است؟ (Do you think the redness of this flower is natural?)"

"چرا سرخی گونه‌هایت اینقدر زیاد شده؟ (Why has the redness of your cheeks increased so much?)"

"برای از بین بردن سرخی پوست چه پیشنهادی داری؟ (What do you suggest for removing skin redness?)"

"سرخی محبوب‌ترین رنگ در فرش ایرانی است، نه؟ (Redness is the most popular color in Persian carpets, isn't it?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

امروز سرخی غروب مرا به یاد چه چیزی انداخت؟ (What did the redness of the sunset remind me of today?)

توصیف کنید که سرخی یک انار رسیده چگونه است. (Describe what the redness of a ripe pomegranate is like.)

وقتی خجالت می‌کشم، سرخی صورتم چه حسی به من می‌دهد؟ (When I blush, how does the redness of my face make me feel?)

نقش سرخی در جشن‌های ایرانی چیست؟ (What is the role of redness in Iranian celebrations?)

یک خاطره بنویسید که در آن سرخی آسمان نقش مهمی داشت. (Write a memory where the redness of the sky played an important role.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Technically yes, if you are talking about the quality of its paint ('The redness of the car is shiny'), but usually, you just say 'mashin-e sorkh' (red car).

Yes, 'sorkhi-ye gooneh' or 'sorkhi-ye soorat' is the standard way to describe blushing.

'Sorkhi' is more poetic and natural (sunsets, fruit), while 'ghermezi' is more common for man-made objects (pens, shirts).

You say 'sorkhi-ye poost'. Doctors use this term frequently.

The color is 'sorkh', but you can talk about the 'sorkhi' of the flag's bottom stripe.

No, it means 'redness'. Blood is 'khoon', but blood has 'sorkhi'.

No, but 'Sorkh' or 'Sorkhi' can sometimes be found in last names or place names.

It is spelled 'س-ر-خ-ی'.

In standard Iranian Persian, it is 'sorkhi' (with an 'o'). In some dialects or Dari, it might sound closer to 'u'.

Yes, in poetry, 'sorkhi-ye mey' (the redness of wine) is a very common phrase.

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writing

Write a sentence describing a sunset using 'sorkhi'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The redness of his cheeks was from the cold.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Explain the difference between 'sorkh' and 'sorkhi' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a short dialogue between a doctor and a patient about skin redness.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'I saw the redness of the apple.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write the Chaharshanbe Suri chant.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Describe a pomegranate's color using 'sorkhi'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The intensity of the redness in the painting was high.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Use 'sorkhi' and 'namad' (symbol) in one sentence.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a poetic sentence about wine and 'sorkhi'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Why is there redness in your eyes?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about the 'sorkhi' of a fire.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The redness of the morning sky is a promise of a new day.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Use 'sorkhi' as the subject of a sentence.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'After the cream, the redness decreased.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about 'sorkhi' and 'sharm' (shame).

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The redness of the blood on the snow was clear.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about 'sorkhi-ye lab'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Excessive redness is a sign of infection.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Describe the aurora borealis using 'sorkhi'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Pronounce 'سرخی' correctly.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The redness of the pomegranate' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Use 'سرخی' in a sentence about your own face.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Look at the redness of the sunset' to a friend.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Describe the color of a rose using 'sorkhi'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Explain to a doctor that you have redness on your arm.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say the Chaharshanbe Suri chant out loud.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask someone why their eyes are red using 'sorkhi'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'The redness of the apple is natural'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Describe a painting's red parts using 'sorkhi'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی افق زیباست.' What is beautiful?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی پوستش کمتر شد.' Did the redness increase or decrease?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی چشم از خستگی است.' Why are the eyes red?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی انار را دوست دارم.' What does the speaker like?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی گونه‌هایش از خجالت بود.' What caused the blushing?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'شدت سرخی زیاد است.' Is the redness strong or weak?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی آتش در شب.' Where is the redness seen?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی لب‌هایش مصنوعی است.' Is the lip color natural?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی آسمان نوید باران است.' What does the sky predict?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen to: 'سرخی خون روی زمین.' What was on the ground?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

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