狭心症 in 30 Sekunden
- Kyōshinshō means angina pectoris, a condition causing chest pain due to narrowed heart arteries.
- It is a B1-level medical term used frequently in clinics, health reports, and insurance documents.
- The kanji breakdown is 'narrow' (狭), 'heart' (心), and 'illness/symptom' (症).
- It is often treated with nitroglycerin and lifestyle changes to prevent a full heart attack.
The Japanese term 狭心症 (きょうしんしょう - Kyōshinshō) is a medical noun that translates directly to 'angina pectoris' in English. To understand this word, we must look at its constituent kanji: 狭 (narrow/confined), 心 (heart), and 症 (illness/syndrome). Collectively, it describes a condition where the heart feels 'narrowed' or 'strangled' due to insufficient blood flow, leading to chest pain or pressure. In Japanese society, where cardiovascular health is a major focus of annual health checkups (known as ningen dock), this word is frequently encountered in medical reports, health insurance documents, and conversations regarding the health of elderly relatives.
- Medical Classification
- It is categorized under ischemic heart diseases (虚血性心疾患). It is distinct from a heart attack (心筋梗塞) because the blood flow is restricted but not completely blocked, and the heart muscle is not yet permanently damaged.
When a patient visits a doctor complaining of chest tightness during exercise, the doctor will often use the term 狭心症の疑い (suspicion of angina). It is not a word used lightly in casual conversation; rather, it carries a serious, clinical weight. However, as Japan has a significant aging population, the word has permeated daily life through television health programs and pharmaceutical advertisements for nitroglycerin treatments.
祖父は最近、狭心症の診断を受け、激しい運動を控えるように言われました。(My grandfather was recently diagnosed with angina and told to refrain from strenuous exercise.)
Physiologically, the 'narrowing' (狭) refers to the coronary arteries. When these vessels are clogged with plaque, the heart muscle (心) screams for oxygen, resulting in the symptoms (症) of pain. In Japanese culture, maintaining 'heart health' is often discussed in the context of dietary habits, specifically the 'Washoku' (Japanese food) diet, which is low in fats that contribute to this condition. Therefore, you will often see this word in pamphlets promoting low-salt and low-cholesterol diets.
Furthermore, the word is used in various sub-types in clinical settings. You might hear Ansei Kyōshinshō (stable angina) or Fuantei Kyōshinshō (unstable angina). Understanding these distinctions is crucial for intermediate and advanced learners who may need to navigate the Japanese healthcare system or translate medical documents. The term is formal and precise; it is never used to describe metaphorical 'heartache' or emotional distress, which would instead use words like shintsū (心痛) or kokoro ga itai.
- Common Collocations
- 狭心症の発作 (Angina attack), 狭心症の治療 (Angina treatment), 狭心症の薬 (Angina medication).
In summary, 狭心症 is a vital term for anyone living in Japan or studying medical Japanese. It bridges the gap between everyday health concerns and professional medical diagnosis. Its structure is a perfect example of how Japanese kanji combine to create descriptive medical terminology that is logically consistent and easy to break down once you know the individual meanings of the characters.
Using 狭心症 correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a noun. It functions as the subject or object of a sentence, often paired with verbs like okosu (to cause/trigger an attack), shindan sareru (to be diagnosed), or chiryo suru (to treat). Because it is a specific medical condition, it is rarely used in informal slang, but it is ubiquitous in health-related discussions.
階段を上る時に胸が苦しくなるのは、狭心症の典型的な症状です。(Feeling chest tightness when going up stairs is a typical symptom of angina.)
In a clinical context, the word is often followed by particles like no to modify other nouns. For example, Kyōshinshō no kanja (a patient with angina) or Kyōshinshō no chiryōyaku (medication for angina). When describing the onset of the condition, the word hossa (attack/paroxysm) is frequently appended: Kyōshinshō no hossa ga okita (An angina attack occurred).
- Sentence Structure: Diagnosis
- [Person] + wa + [Type] + Kyōshinshō + to + shindan sareta. (Example: Kare wa fuantei kyōshinshō to shindan sareta - He was diagnosed with unstable angina.)
When talking about prevention, the word is often linked to lifestyle factors. You might hear a doctor say, Kyōshinshō o yobō suru tame ni, kin-en wa fuketsu desu (To prevent angina, quitting smoking is essential). This demonstrates the word's placement in formal advice and cautionary statements. The word is also used in the context of emergency procedures. If someone collapses, a bystander might ask, Kyōshinshō no jibyō wa arimasu ka? (Do you have a pre-existing condition of angina?).
この薬は、狭心症による胸の痛みを和らげる効果があります。(This medicine is effective in relieving chest pain caused by angina.)
Advanced learners should note that 狭心症 is often contrasted with 心筋梗塞 (Myocardial Infarction). In a sentence like Kyōshinshō o hōchi suru to, shinkin kōsoku ni tsunagaru osore ga aru (If angina is left untreated, there is a risk it will lead to a heart attack), the word serves as a warning sign. It is the 'precursor' or the 'warning' condition.
In summary, using this word involves understanding its role as a medical label. It is used with verbs of diagnosis, treatment, and occurrence. It is almost always accompanied by a serious tone and is a staple of health-related discourse in Japan.
The word 狭心症 is most commonly heard in environments related to healthcare, insurance, and the elderly. If you are in a Japanese hospital, specifically in the cardiovascular department (循環器内科 - Junkanki Naika), you will hear this word constantly. Doctors use it to explain test results from EKGs (心電図) or stress tests to their patients. It is a word of clarity and medical precision.
- Television and Media
- On Japanese variety shows that focus on health (such as 'Gatten!' or health segments on morning news), experts often discuss the risks of 'Kyōshinshō' in the winter, when the cold can cause blood vessels to constrict.
Another place you will encounter this word is in pharmacies (薬局 - Yakkyoku). When a pharmacist explains how to use 'nitroglycerin' sublingual tablets or sprays, they will explicitly mention that the medication is for Kyōshinshō no hossa. The word is used as a safety marker to ensure the patient knows exactly what the emergency drug is for.
「先生、最近歩くと胸が締め付けられるんです。」「それは狭心症のサインかもしれませんね。」("Doctor, recently when I walk, my chest feels squeezed." "That might be a sign of angina.")
Furthermore, in the world of life insurance (生命保険), 狭心症 is a critical term. When applying for a policy, applicants are often asked if they have ever been treated for this specific condition. It is listed in the 'important notices' (告知事項) section of insurance forms. If you are working in the insurance or financial sector in Japan, mastering this word is non-negotiable.
Finally, you might hear this word in the context of famous people. When a well-known actor or politician takes a leave of absence for heart issues, the official press release will often use the term Kyōshinshō to specify the nature of their illness without the alarmism associated with a 'heart attack.' It serves as a professional, respectful way to describe a health setback.
- Workplace Health Checks
- During the mandatory annual health checkup (Kenkō Shindan) provided by Japanese employers, the results page may list Kyōshinshō under the 'Cardiovascular' section if the EKG shows abnormalities.
In essence, while you won't hear teenagers using this word at a karaoke box, you will hear it in any space where health, longevity, and professional medical care are the topics of discussion. It is a word of adult responsibility and medical reality.
The most common mistake learners make with 狭心症 is confusing it with 心筋梗塞 (しんきんこうそく - Shinkin Kōsoku), which is a myocardial infarction or heart attack. While they are related, the medical distinction is vital. Kyōshinshō is the narrowing of the arteries, whereas Shinkin Kōsoku is the total blockage leading to tissue death. Using the latter when you mean the former can cause unnecessary panic.
- Mistake: Metaphorical Usage
- Do not use Kyōshinshō to describe emotional pain. In English, we might say 'my heart is breaking' or 'I have a heartache.' In Japanese, using Kyōshinshō in this context would be confusing and unintentionally funny, as it implies a literal medical condition of the coronary arteries.
Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the first kanji. Learners sometimes confuse Kyō (狭) with Kyō (強 - strong) or Kyō (教 - teach). It is essential to remember the 'narrow' meaning. Additionally, the word shō (症) is a suffix for diseases, but some learners forget to include it, simply saying 'Kyōshin.' While 'Kyōshin' is a word, it is not the standard way to refer to the disease 'Angina.'
Incorrect: 彼は失恋して狭心症になった。(He got angina because of a breakup.)
Correct: 彼は失恋して心を痛めている。(He is suffering from a broken heart.)
Learners also struggle with the particles used with Kyōshinshō. It is a condition you 'have' or are 'diagnosed with.' You do not 'do' Kyōshinshō. Use Kyōshinshō ni naru (to develop angina) or Kyōshinshō o wazurau (to suffer from angina). Using suru is a common error for those who treat all nouns as potential verbs.
Finally, ensure you don't confuse the kanji shō (症 - symptom) with shō (証 - proof/certificate). While they sound the same, writing 狭心証 is a common kanji error even among native speakers, though technically incorrect in a medical context.
- Register Errors
- Using Kyōshinshō in a very casual setting without explaining it might make you sound overly clinical. If talking to a child, you might say 'shinzō no byōki' (heart sickness) instead.
By avoiding these pitfalls—metaphorical misuse, kanji confusion, and register errors—you will be able to use 狭心症 with the accuracy of a native speaker or medical professional.
When discussing heart conditions in Japanese, several words are closely related to 狭心症. Understanding the nuances between them will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most critical comparison is between Angina and Heart Attack.
- 狭心症 (Kyōshinshō) vs. 心筋梗塞 (Shinkin Kōsoku)
- Kyōshinshō: Temporary chest pain due to narrowed arteries. Reversible with rest or medicine.
Shinkin Kōsoku: Permanent damage to heart muscle due to blocked arteries. A medical emergency.
Another common term is 胸痛 (きょうつう - Kyōtsū), which simply means 'chest pain.' This is a broader, symptomatic term. If you don't know the diagnosis yet, use Kyōtsū. Once the doctor confirms the cause is restricted blood flow, you move to Kyōshinshō.
患者は胸痛を訴えて来院したが、検査の結果、狭心症であることが判明した。(The patient came to the hospital complaining of chest pain, but after tests, it was revealed to be angina.)
For a more general way to describe heart problems, people often use 心臓病 (しんぞうびょう - Shinzōbyō), which means 'heart disease.' This is an umbrella term that includes angina, heart failure, and valve issues. If you are speaking to someone who isn't familiar with medical terms, Shinzōbyō or Shinzō no jibyō (pre-existing heart condition) is a safe and clear alternative.
There is also 不整脈 (ふせいみゃく - Fuseimyaku), which means 'arrhythmia' or irregular heartbeat. While it is a heart condition, it involves the heart's electrical system rather than the blood vessels. Learners often mix these up because they both fall under the 'heart problem' category. Finally, 心不全 (しんふぜん - Shinfuzen) means 'heart failure,' where the heart can't pump blood effectively. This is usually the long-term result of untreated conditions like angina.
- Comparison Table
-
- 狭心症: Narrowed arteries (Angina)
- 心筋梗塞: Blocked arteries (Heart Attack)
- 心不全: Weak pumping (Heart Failure)
- 不整脈: Irregular rhythm (Arrhythmia)
Choosing the right term shows that you understand the specific physiological issues at play. Using Kyōshinshō correctly demonstrates a high level of Japanese proficiency and medical literacy.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncin
Beispiele nach Niveau
しんぞうのびょうき、きょうしんしょうです。
It is a heart disease, angina.
Simple identification using 'desu'.
きょうしんしょうは、むねがいたくなります。
Angina makes your chest hurt.
Topic marker 'wa' + 'itaku narimasu' (becomes painful).
おじいさんは、きょうしんしょうのくすりをのみます。
Grandfather takes angina medicine.
Possessive 'no' linking disease and medicine.
きょうしんしょう、こわいですね。
Angina is scary, isn't it?
Adjective 'kowai' with sentence-ending particle 'ne'.
これはきょうしんしょうのほんです。
This is a book about angina.
Demonstrative 'kore' + 'no' + noun.
きょうしんしょうにきをつけてください。
Please be careful of angina.
Verb phrase 'ki o tsukete kudasai' (please be careful).
びょういんで、きょうしんしょうといわれました。
I was told 'angina' at the hospital.
Passive form 'iwaremashita' (was told).
きょうしんしょうは、しんぞうのびょうきです。
Angina is a heart disease.
Equative sentence structure.
祖父は狭心症なので、毎日薬を飲んでいます。
Since my grandfather has angina, he takes medicine every day.
Using 'nanode' to show reason.
狭心症の症状について、インターネットで調べました。
I looked up the symptoms of angina on the internet.
Compound noun 'shōjō' (symptoms).
激しい運動をすると、狭心症の発作が起きるかもしれません。
If you do strenuous exercise, an angina attack might occur.
Conditional 'to' and 'kamoshiremasen' (might).
狭心症は、お年寄りに多い病気です。
Angina is a common disease among the elderly.
Adjective 'ōi' (many/common).
医者に「狭心症の疑いがある」と言われました。
The doctor told me, 'There is a suspicion of angina.'
Quotation particle 'to' with 'utagai' (suspicion).
狭心症を予防するために、塩分を控えています。
To prevent angina, I am cutting back on salt.
'tame ni' indicating purpose.
狭心症の薬を忘れないでください。
Please don't forget your angina medication.
Negative request 'wasurenaide kudasai'.
父は狭心症の検査のために、入院しました。
My father was hospitalized for an angina checkup.
Noun + 'no tame ni' (for the sake of).
狭心症は、心臓の血管が狭くなって血流が悪くなる病気です。
Angina is a disease where the heart's blood vessels narrow and blood flow worsens.
Explaining a mechanism using 'te-form' and 'naru'.
階段を上る時に胸が締め付けられるのは、狭心症のサインです。
Feeling chest tightness when climbing stairs is a sign of angina.
Nominalizing the clause with 'no wa'.
狭心症の発作が起きたら、すぐにニトログリセリンを使ってください。
If an angina attack occurs, use nitroglycerin immediately.
Conditional 'tara' for specific situations.
生活習慣を見直すことで、狭心症のリスクを下げることができます。
By reviewing your lifestyle habits, you can lower the risk of angina.
Using 'koto de' to indicate means/method.
狭心症と心筋梗塞の違いを正しく理解することが大切です。
It is important to correctly understand the difference between angina and myocardial infarction.
Noun + 'to' + Noun + 'no chigai' (difference between X and Y).
彼は狭心症の持病があるため、無理な仕事はできません。
Because he has a pre-existing condition of angina, he cannot do overwork.
Using 'tame' as a formal reason.
狭心症の治療法には、薬物療法や手術などがあります。
Treatment methods for angina include drug therapy and surgery.
Listing with 'ya' and 'nado'.
健康診断で狭心症の疑いがあると指摘されました。
It was pointed out during the health checkup that there is a suspicion of angina.
Passive 'shiteki sareta' (was pointed out).
不安定狭心症は、安静時にも発作が起きるため非常に危険です。
Unstable angina is extremely dangerous because attacks occur even at rest.
Using 'fusei' (unstable) as a prefix.
カテーテル検査によって、狭心症の進行度を詳しく調べることができます。
Through catheterization, the progression of angina can be examined in detail.
Using 'ni yotte' to indicate the means.
狭心症を放置すると、最悪の場合、心不全に至る恐れがあります。
If angina is left untreated, it may lead to heart failure in the worst-case scenario.
'osore ga aru' expressing a negative possibility.
動脈硬化が進行すると、狭心症を引き起こす主な原因となります。
As arteriosclerosis progresses, it becomes the main cause of angina.
'hikiokosu' (to trigger/cause).
狭心症の患者さんは、冬場の急激な温度変化に注意しなければなりません。
Angina patients must be careful of sudden temperature changes during the winter.
'nakereba narimasen' (must).
冠動脈の狭窄が狭心症の直接的な原因であることが多いです。
Stenosis of the coronary arteries is often the direct cause of angina.
Technical term 'kyōsaku' (stenosis).
狭心症の薬には、血管を広げる効果があるものが多いです。
Many medications for angina have the effect of dilating blood vessels.
Relative clause modifying 'mono' (thing/type).
彼は狭心症の手術を受け、現在は順調に回復しています。
He underwent surgery for angina and is currently recovering well.
Compound verb 'kaifuku shite iru' (is recovering).
異型狭心症は、冠動脈の痙攣によって血流が一時的に遮断される病態です。
Variant angina is a condition where blood flow is temporarily blocked due to coronary artery spasms.
Technical term 'byōtai' (pathological condition).
狭心症の診断において、運動負荷試験は極めて有効な手段の一つです。
In the diagnosis of angina, the exercise stress test is one of the extremely effective means.
'ni oite' (in/regarding).
労作性狭心症は、身体活動に伴って心筋の酸素需要が増大することで発生します。
Exertional angina occurs when the oxygen demand of the myocardium increases along with physical activity.
'ni tomonatte' (accompanying/along with).
狭心症の薬物療法では、β遮断薬やカルシウム拮抗薬が広く用いられています。
In drug therapy for angina, beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers are widely used.
Passive 'mochiirarete iru' (is being used).
冠動脈バイパス手術は、重度の狭心症に対する標準的な外科的治療法です。
Coronary artery bypass surgery is a standard surgical treatment for severe angina.
'ni taisuru' (toward/for).
狭心症の予後を改善するためには、血圧管理と脂質異常症の改善が不可欠です。
To improve the prognosis of angina, blood pressure management and improvement of dyslipidemia are essential.
'fukaketsu' (indispensable).
微小血管狭心症は、従来の検査では発見が困難なケースがあります。
Microvascular angina can be difficult to detect with conventional tests in some cases.
Adjective 'konnan' (difficult/hard).
狭心症の自覚症状がない「無症候性心筋虚血」も存在するため、注意が必要です。
Since 'silent myocardial ischemia,' which has no subjective symptoms of angina, also exists, caution is necessary.
Complex noun phrase as subject.
狭心症の病理学的基盤は、主にアテローム性動脈硬化による冠血流の予備能低下にあります。
The pathological basis of angina lies primarily in the reduction of coronary flow reserve due to atherosclerosis.
Formal structure 'ni arimasu' (lies in).
不安定狭心症は、急性冠症候群（ACS）の一環として、迅速な介入が求められる病態です。
Unstable angina is a condition that requires rapid intervention as part of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
'toshite' (as) + 'motomerareru' (is required).
狭心症の臨床症状は多岐にわたり、放散痛として左肩や顎に痛みを感じることもあります。
The clinical symptoms of angina are diverse, and pain may be felt in the left shoulder or jaw as referred pain.
'takiteki ni watari' (ranging widely).
虚血性心疾患の管理において、狭心症の発症機序を解明することは創薬研究の核心です。
In the management of ischemic heart disease, elucidating the mechanism of angina onset is the core of drug discovery research.
Nominalized clause 'suru koto' as the subject.
狭心症患者のQOL向上を目指し、低侵襲な経皮的冠動脈インターベンションが普及しています。
Aiming to improve the QOL of angina patients, minimally invasive percutaneous coronary intervention is becoming widespread.
'o mezashi' (aiming for).
狭心症の鑑別診断においては、胃食道逆流症や肋間神経痛との切り分けが肝要です。
In the differential diagnosis of angina, distinguishing it from GERD and intercostal neuralgia is vital.
'kanyō' (essential/vital).
冠動脈の攣縮性狭心症は、日本人を含むアジア人に比較的多く見られるという疫学的特徴があります。
Vasospastic angina has the epidemiological characteristic of being relatively common among Asians, including Japanese.
Relative clause modifying 'tokuchō' (characteristic).
狭心症の二次予防として、アスピリンなどの抗血小板薬の継続的な投与が推奨されています。
As secondary prevention of angina, continuous administration of antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin is recommended.
Passive 'suishō sarete iru' (is recommended).
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— To have a tendency or early signs of angina.
最近、少し狭心症の気があるんです。
— To suffer from angina for a long period.
父は長年、狭心症を患っています。
— To undergo tests for angina.
念のため、狭心症の検査を受けます。
— Chest pain caused by angina.
狭心症による胸痛は数分で収まることが多い。
— A past medical history of angina.
狭心症の既往歴はありますか？
— A 'silver bullet' or highly effective medicine for angina.
ニトロは狭心症の特効薬と言える。
— A specialist for angina (cardiologist).
狭心症の専門医に相談する。
— An emergency situation involving angina.
狭心症の緊急時の対応を学ぶ。
— The management/control of angina symptoms.
狭心症の管理には食事が重要だ。
— Risk factors for developing angina.
喫煙は狭心症のリスク要因です。
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— To feel a physical squeezing in the chest (often the primary symptom of angina).
狭心症で胸が締め付けられる思いをした。
Descriptive— To be extremely shocked (not medical, but heart-related).
そのニュースを聞いて心臓が止まる思いだった。
Figurative— To forget the pain of a crisis once it has passed (often applied to ignoring health warnings after an angina attack).
狭心症の発作が収まると、また不摂生をしてしまう。まさに喉元過ぎればだ。
Proverb— To work excessively (leading to conditions like angina).
身を削るような仕事が狭心症の原因になった。
Metaphorical— To hold one's breath in suspense (can trigger heart stress).
固唾を呑んで試合を見守る。
Idiom— To feel relieved (the opposite of the stress that causes angina).
検査の結果が異常なしで、胸を撫で下ろした。
Idiom— To pour one's heart and soul into something (excessive effort).
研究に心血を注ぎすぎて体を壊した。
Idiom— To have a premonition or feel uneasy.
悪い予感がして胸が騒ぐ。
Idiom— To be thick-skinned or bold (unrelated to medical angina).
彼はあんな大舞台でも平気だ。心臓に毛が生えているよ。
Slangy— To be distressed/worried (emotional).
震災のニュースに胸を痛める。
IdiomSummary
狭心症 is the standard Japanese medical term for angina. It is essential for discussing heart health and is characterized by the 'narrowing' of coronary arteries. Example: 狭心症の発作を抑える薬を携帯しています。(I carry medicine to suppress angina attacks.)
- Kyōshinshō means angina pectoris, a condition causing chest pain due to narrowed heart arteries.
- It is a B1-level medical term used frequently in clinics, health reports, and insurance documents.
- The kanji breakdown is 'narrow' (狭), 'heart' (心), and 'illness/symptom' (症).
- It is often treated with nitroglycerin and lifestyle changes to prevent a full heart attack.
Verwandte Inhalte
Mehr health Wörter
しばらく
B1Eine Weile, einige Zeit.
異変がある
B1Es gibt eine ungewöhnliche Veränderung oder Anomalie. Etwas stimmt nicht. (Es liegt eine Abnormität vor.)
異常な
B1Abnormal; ungewöhnlich. Beschreibt etwas, das auf besorgniserregende Weise von der Norm abweicht.
擦り傷
B1Eine Schürfwunde oder ein Kratzer auf der Haut. Sie entsteht meist durch Reibung an einer harten Oberfläche.
吸収する
B1Der Schwamm absorbiert das verschüttete Wasser.
禁酒
B1Alkoholverzicht. 'Er hält sich strikt an seine kinshu-Regel.'
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1Akupunktur und Moxibustion sind wichtige Bestandteile der traditionellen japanischen Medizin.
急性的
B1Bedeutet 'akut'. Wird verwendet, um eine Krankheit oder einen Zustand zu beschreiben, der plötzlich und heftig auftritt.
急性な
B1Acute
