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B1 noun 9 Min. Lesezeit

专攻

zhuangong

Jetzt üben Beispiele Notizen & Tipps 专攻 in 30 Sekunden

Erklärung 专攻 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to use the word '专攻' yet. It's a bit too formal for basic greetings or ordering food. However, you can understand it as a way to say someone 'really, really likes and studies one thing.' Imagine you have a box of toys, but you only play with the cars every single day. That's like '专攻' cars. In Chinese, we use simple words like '学习' (study) or '喜欢' (like) at this level. If you hear '专攻,' just think of it as a very serious version of 'study.' It's like when a teacher tells you to focus on your ABCs. You are 'attacking' the alphabet to learn it perfectly. Even though it's a B1 word, knowing that '专' means 'special' and '攻' means 'to work hard on' can help you recognize it later. For now, just remember: 专攻 = Serious Studying of one thing.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about your hobbies and your job. You might know the word '专业' (major). '专攻' is like the action version of your major. If your major is 'English,' you might '专攻' English literature. At this level, you should notice that '专攻' is used when someone is an expert. If you meet a doctor, they might '专攻' children's health. It's a useful word to recognize in short introductions. You can start to use it if you want to sound more impressive in your speaking exams. Instead of saying 'I study history,' you could say 'I 专攻 Chinese history.' It shows you are moving beyond basic vocabulary. Just remember the structure: [Person] + 专攻 + [Subject]. You don't need any extra words in between. It's a direct way to show what you are focusing on in your studies or your work.

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At the B1 level, '专攻' becomes a key part of your vocabulary for professional and academic discussions. This is the level where you need to distinguish between general knowledge and specialized expertise. You should use '专攻' to describe your specific area of focus within a broader field. For example, if you are an engineer, what kind of engineering do you '专攻'? Is it bridge building or software? This word helps you define your 'niche.' You will often see it in job descriptions where a company says they are looking for someone who '专攻' a specific technology. You should also be able to use it in the context of the idiom '术业有专攻' (everyone has their own specialty), which is a very common way to show humility or to respect someone else's expertise. At this stage, you should feel comfortable using '专攻' in both written essays and formal conversations about your career goals.

At the B2 level, you should understand the deeper nuances of '专攻,' specifically the intensity implied by the character '攻' (to attack). You are no longer just using it as a synonym for 'specialize'; you are using it to convey a sense of rigorous academic or professional pursuit. You might use it to describe a researcher's '攻关' (tackling key problems) in their '专攻' field. At this level, you should be able to use '专攻' in complex sentences involving purpose and result. For example, '为了解决这个问题，他专攻了三年的密码学' (In order to solve this problem, he specialized in cryptography for three years). You should also be able to contrast it with '博学' (being widely learned) or '杂而不精' (knowing many things but mastering none). '专攻' represents the 'depth' in the 'depth vs. breadth' debate, which is a common topic for B2 level discussions and essays.

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At the C1 level, you use '专攻' with precision in academic writing and high-level professional environments. You understand its historical weight—how it relates to the traditional Chinese concept of '专一' (oneness/singular focus) in scholarship. You can use it to discuss the strategic positioning of corporations in a global market, describing how a firm might '专攻' a high-end niche to avoid direct competition with giants. You also recognize it in classical-style modern prose or literary criticism, where an author might be said to '专攻' a particular emotional tone or narrative technique. At this level, you are expected to know the subtle difference between '专攻,' '钻研' (to study intensively/delve into), and '深造' (to pursue advanced studies). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal register and its ability to confer a sense of authority and dedication to the subject.

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At the C2 level, '专攻' is a tool for nuanced expression in the most formal contexts. You might use it in a keynote speech or a philosophical treatise to discuss the nature of expertise in the modern age. You are fully aware of its etymological roots in military strategy ('attacking' a point) and how that metaphor permeates Chinese intellectual history. You can use '专攻' to analyze the hyper-specialization of modern science or to critique the narrowness of contemporary education. You can also play with the word in creative writing, perhaps using it ironically to describe someone's '专攻' in a trivial or negative pursuit. At this level, your mastery of '专攻' includes knowing exactly when *not* to use it—avoiding it when a more poetic or archaic term might be appropriate, or when a simpler word would better serve a specific rhetorical purpose. You use it not just to convey meaning, but to signal your command of formal Chinese discourse.

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专攻 in 30 Sekunden

Focuses on deep mastery of a single subject.
Used in formal academic and professional settings.
Implies an intensive, 'attacking' style of learning.
Directly follows the subject without prepositions.

The Chinese term 专攻 (zhuāngōng) is a sophisticated and powerful word that primarily functions as a verb, though it is often categorized as a noun in specialized linguistic contexts to describe a 'specialty.' At its core, it means to dedicate oneself entirely to a specific field of study, a particular skill, or a niche area of expertise. The word carries a sense of intensity and strategic focus that 'study' (学习) or 'major in' (专业) simply does not convey. When you use 专攻, you are suggesting that the person is 'attacking' a subject with the intent of mastering it completely. It is the difference between being a generalist and being a specialist who has broken through the barriers of a difficult discipline.

Academic Context: In universities, students might use this to describe their research focus within a broader major. For example, a medical student might '专攻' (specialize in) cardiology.

他在大学期间专攻人工智能算法。(During his time at university, he specialized in AI algorithms.)

The nuance of the character 攻 (gōng) is fascinating. It literally means 'to attack' or 'to assault.' In the context of learning, it implies that the subject matter is a fortress to be conquered. This reflects a traditional Chinese educational philosophy where deep learning is viewed as a rigorous, disciplined battle against ignorance. Therefore, when someone says they 专攻 a subject, they are not just reading about it; they are strategically and aggressively pursuing mastery. This word is frequently heard in professional introductions, academic biographies, and discussions about career development where one's unique competitive advantage is being highlighted.

Professional Application: In the workplace, an engineer might '专攻' a specific programming language or a type of structural design, setting them apart from general staff.

这家公司专攻高端医疗器械的研发。(This company specializes in the R&D of high-end medical devices.)

Historically, the term was used in classical texts to describe scholars who devoted their entire lives to a single classic text. Today, it has adapted to the modern world of tech, science, and art. It is a B1 level word because while the concept is simple, the usage requires an understanding of formal register. You won't often hear a child say they '专攻' their homework; it is a word for adults discussing serious pursuits. It suggests a level of maturity and a clear life direction. Whether you are talking about a chef who specializes in pastry or a lawyer who specializes in intellectual property, 专攻 is the definitive word to use.

Artistic Mastery: Artists use this to define their style. A painter might '专攻' oil portraits rather than landscapes.

她决定专攻大提琴，放弃了钢琴。(She decided to specialize in the cello, giving up the piano.)

Using 专攻 correctly involves understanding its placement as a verb that takes a direct object. Unlike English, where we say 'specialize IN,' Chinese allows 专攻 to act directly upon the field. The structure is typically [Subject] + [专攻] + [Object]. This object can be a major, a specific skill, or a narrow segment of a market. Because the word is formal, it is often paired with time markers or intentionality markers like '决定' (decide) or '致力于' (devoted to).

The 'Subject-Verb-Object' Pattern: The most common way to use it. Example: '我专攻法律' (I specialize in law). It sounds professional and direct.

这位教授专攻唐代历史。(This professor specializes in the history of the Tang Dynasty.)

Another common usage is in the negative or contrastive sense. You might say someone is a 'jack of all trades' but doesn't 专攻 anything. This highlights the lack of depth. In a sentence, you can use '不专攻' or '没有专攻' to indicate a generalist approach. However, usually, 专攻 is used to praise someone's dedication and depth of knowledge. It is a 'high-value' word in resumes. Instead of saying 'I learned marketing,' saying '我专攻数字营销' (I specialized in digital marketing) makes you sound like an expert.

Use with '术业有专攻': This is a famous four-character idiom (Chengyu) meaning 'everyone has their own specialty.' It uses the noun-like form of the word.

他在实验室里专攻抗癌药物的研发。(He specializes in the research and development of anti-cancer drugs in the lab.)

When talking about businesses, 专攻 describes a company's niche. '这家书店专攻古籍' (This bookstore specializes in ancient books). Here, the word helps define the brand identity. In terms of grammar, avoid using '专攻' for short-term tasks. You wouldn't '专攻' a single meal or a one-day project. It must be a long-term, significant area of expertise. It requires a 'field' (领域) or a 'subject' (学科) as its object to make sense in a B1 level context.

Formal Introductions: '请允许我介绍一下，王医生专攻心脏外科。' (Allow me to introduce, Dr. Wang specializes in cardiac surgery.)

如果你想在职场晋升，你应该选择一个领域专攻。(If you want to be promoted in the workplace, you should choose a field to specialize in.)

In the real world, you will encounter 专攻 in environments where expertise is the currency. The most common place is within the walls of a university or research institute. Professors use it to define their life's work. Students use it when discussing their doctoral dissertations. If you are watching a news report about a scientific breakthrough, the reporter will likely mention that the lead scientist 专攻 that specific area of physics or biology. It adds a layer of authority to the subject being discussed.

News and Media: Reporters often use it to introduce experts: '我们邀请了专攻宏观经济的张教授。' (We invited Professor Zhang, who specializes in macroeconomics.)

他这辈子只专攻这一门手艺。(He has specialized in this one craft his whole life.)

Business meetings and networking events are another prime location for this word. When professionals exchange business cards, they often follow up with a brief description of their niche. '我专攻知识产权法' (I specialize in IP law) is a standard way to introduce oneself. In job interviews, the interviewer might ask, '你在大学期间主要专攻哪个方向？' (Which direction did you mainly specialize in during college?). This is a crucial moment where the word 专攻 helps you articulate your value proposition clearly and professionally.

Job Interviews: It's a power word. Use it to show you have depth, not just a surface-level understanding of your field.

这家律师事务所专攻跨国并购业务。(This law firm specializes in cross-border M&A business.)

You will also find it in literature and biographies. When reading about a master calligrapher or a famous scientist, the text will often detail the years they spent '专攻' a particular style or theory. It conveys a sense of hermit-like dedication (苦学). In modern pop culture, it might appear in specialized hobbyist circles—for instance, a gamer might '专攻' a specific character or strategy in a competitive game. Wherever there is a hierarchy of skill and a need for deep focus, 专攻 will be present.

Specialized Hobbies: '他虽然是业余摄影师，但专攻黑白人像。' (Although he is an amateur photographer, he specializes in B&W portraits.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 专攻 is confusing it with the noun 专业 (zhuānyè). While they share the first character '专' (specialized), 专业 is most often a noun meaning 'major' or 'profession.' You 'have' a 专业, but you 专攻 a subject. For example, saying '我的专攻是数学' is grammatically possible but sounds slightly awkward compared to '我的专业是数学' or '我专攻数学.' 专攻 is an action of focusing, while 专业 is the name of the field itself.

Confusion with '专心': '专心' (zhuānxīn) means to concentrate or focus your attention right now. '专攻' is a long-term academic or professional commitment. You can't '专攻' for five minutes.

Incorrect: 我现在要专攻写这封信。(I want to specialize in writing this letter now.)
Correct: 我现在要专心写这封信。(I want to concentrate on writing this letter now.)

Another error is using 专攻 for trivial or overly broad things. Because of the character 攻 (attack), the object should be something that requires effort to master. You wouldn't '专攻' eating apples or '专攻' watching television. It needs to be a 'body of knowledge' or a 'skill set.' Additionally, learners often try to add the preposition '在' (in) before the subject, like '专攻在数学.' In Chinese, the verb is transitive, so the 'in' is built into the word itself. Just say '专攻数学.'

Register Mismatch: Using '专攻' in a very casual, slangy conversation might sound a bit too 'stiff.' For casual interests, '喜欢' (like) or '研究' (research/into) are better.

Incorrect: 他专攻打扫卫生。(He specializes in cleaning.) [Unless he is a professional sanitation engineer]
Correct: 他负责打扫卫生。(He is responsible for cleaning.)

To truly master the use of 专攻, you must be able to distinguish it from its synonyms. The Chinese language has many ways to express focus and expertise, each with a slightly different flavor. The most common alternative is 专业 (zhuānyè), which we discussed as being more about the 'major' or 'profession' as a category. Another is 专门 (zhuānmén), which is often used as an adverb meaning 'specifically' or 'specially.' You might say '我专门来找你' (I came specifically to find you), but you wouldn't use 专攻 in that context.

专攻 vs. 精通 (jīngtōng): '精通' means to be highly proficient or to have mastered something. '专攻' is the process of specializing, while '精通' is the result. You '专攻' a field in order to '精通' it.
专攻 vs. 擅长 (shàncháng): '擅长' means to be good at something. It can be a natural talent or a developed skill. '专攻' is a more intentional, academic, or professional choice of focus.

虽然他专攻法律，但他其实更擅长烹饪。(Although he specializes in law, he is actually better at cooking.)

Then there is 主修 (zhǔxiū), which specifically means 'to major in' within an academic setting. While 专攻 can be used for a major, 主修 is the standard technical term used on transcripts and in school registrations. 专攻 sounds more like a personal scholarly choice. For example, '我主修计算机，专攻网络安全' (I major in Computer Science and specialize in Cybersecurity). This sentence perfectly illustrates how the two words work together to provide specific information.

Comparison Table

专攻: Intentional, deep focus (Verb).
专业: Field of study/Profession (Noun).
精通: Mastery/Proficiency (Verb/Adj).
主修: Academic major (Verb).

我们团队里每个人都有自己的专攻方向。(Everyone in our team has their own direction of specialization.)

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The '攻' in '专攻' is the same character used in '攻击' (attack). It suggests that learning is a battle that requires aggressive effort!

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ʒwæn ɡɒŋ/

US /ʒwɑn ɡɔŋ/

Equal stress on both syllables as they are both first tone (flat and high).

Reimt sich auf

中 (zhōng) 空 (kōng) 同 (tóng) 红 (hóng) 风 (fēng) 冬 (dōng) 通 (tōng) 松 (sōng)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'zh' as 'z' (zuan instead of zhuan).
Pronouncing 'gong' as 'gang'.
Using the wrong tone (e.g., 4th tone 'zhuan').
Confusing the 'ua' sound with 'uo'.
Failing to aspirate the 'g' correctly (it's unaspirated in Pinyin).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize characters, but requires understanding formal context.

Schreiben 4/5

Characters '专' and '攻' are moderately complex to write from memory.

Sprechen 3/5

Tone management is important for clarity.

Hören 3/5

Easily confused with '专业' if not listening carefully.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

学习专业努力方向主要

Als Nächstes lernen

钻研精通造诣领域核心

Fortgeschritten

训诂宏观微观前瞻性深造

Wichtige Grammatik

Transitive Verbs with Direct Objects

我专攻[数学]。

Duration of Action

他专攻了[十年]法律。

Resultative Complements (indirect)

他专攻到[精通]的程度。

Serial Verb Phrases

他去美国[专攻]计算机。

Topic-Comment Structure

关于人工智能，他[专攻]算法。

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Beispiele nach Niveau

他专攻数学。

He specializes in math.

Simple S-V-O structure.

我不专攻这个。

I don't specialize in this.

Negative form using '不'.

你专攻什么？

What do you specialize in?

Question form with '什么'.

老师专攻中文。

The teacher specializes in Chinese.

Subject is a profession.

她专攻画画。

She specializes in drawing.

Object is a simple activity.

我们要专攻科学。

We need to specialize in science.

Use of auxiliary '要'.

哥哥专攻电脑。

Older brother specializes in computers.

Object is a common noun.

谁专攻英语？

Who specializes in English?

Question with '谁'.

他在大学专攻历史。

He specialized in history at university.

Adding a location '在大学'.

我决定专攻钢琴。

I decided to specialize in piano.

Use of '决定' (decide).

这家店专攻咖啡。

This shop specializes in coffee.

Subject is an organization/business.

她想专攻法律专业。

She wants to specialize in the legal profession.

Object includes '专业' (major).

我没有专攻的方向。

I don't have a specific field of specialization.

Using '方向' (direction) as a noun.

请问您专攻哪一方面？

May I ask which aspect you specialize in?

Formal question using '您' and '哪一方面'.

他专攻运动医学。

He specializes in sports medicine.

Compound noun as object.

我们专攻出口贸易。

We specialize in export trade.

Business context.

术业有专攻，请教他吧。

Everyone has their specialty, please ask him.

Idiomatic usage.

我专攻数字营销，特别是SEO。

I specialize in digital marketing, especially SEO.

Specific sub-field mentioned.

这家公司专攻高端市场。

This company specializes in the high-end market.

Market segmentation context.

他花了十年专攻古希腊哲学。

He spent ten years specializing in Ancient Greek philosophy.

Time duration included.

如果你想成功，必须选一个领域专攻。

If you want to succeed, you must choose a field to specialize in.

Conditional sentence.

由于他专攻此道，所以很有名。

Because he specializes in this field, he is very famous.

Cause and effect.

她不仅漂亮，还专攻人工智能。

She is not only beautiful but also specializes in AI.

Not only... but also structure.

这个实验室专攻病毒研究。

This laboratory specializes in virus research.

Scientific context.

他放弃了管理职位，转而专攻技术研发。

He gave up his management position to instead specialize in technical R&D.

Contrast of career paths.

这家律所专攻知识产权案件。

This law firm specializes in intellectual property cases.

Specific legal niche.

虽然他博学多才，但最专攻的还是文学。

Although he is widely learned, his main specialization is still literature.

Contrast between breadth and depth.

为了这篇论文，他专攻了一整年统计学。

For this thesis, he specialized in statistics for a whole year.

Purpose clause with '为了'.

在竞争激烈的社会，专攻一项技能非常重要。

In a competitive society, specializing in one skill is very important.

Societal context.

他专攻的领域非常冷门，但很有价值。

The field he specializes in is very niche, but very valuable.

Relative clause '专攻的领域'.

这家工厂专攻精密仪器的制造。

This factory specializes in the manufacturing of precision instruments.

Industrial context.

他专攻唐诗，对李白的研究尤为深刻。

He specializes in Tang poetry, and his research on Li Bai is particularly deep.

Specific focus within a focus.

该学者专攻明清易代之际的思想史。

This scholar specializes in the intellectual history during the Ming-Qing transition.

Highly specific academic object.

企业若想长久，必须在核心技术上有所专攻。

If an enterprise wants to last, it must have a specialization in core technology.

Formal conditional with '若'.

他虽名为通才，实则专攻宏观经济政策。

Though known as a polymath, he actually specializes in macroeconomic policy.

Formal contrast '虽...实则'.

这一流派的画家专攻光影的细微变化。

Painters of this school specialize in the subtle changes of light and shadow.

Artistic theory context.

专攻一艺，足以安身立命。

Specializing in one art is enough to make a living and establish oneself.

Philosophical/Literary style.

他近年来转而专攻跨学科研究。

In recent years, he has turned to specialize in interdisciplinary research.

Modern academic context.

这家智库专攻地缘政治风险分析。

This think tank specializes in geopolitical risk analysis.

Political science context.

他专攻之深，业内无人能及。

The depth of his specialization is unmatched in the industry.

Emphasis on degree '之深'.

他在训诂学上的专攻，补足了该领域长久以来的空白。

His specialization in exegesis filled a long-standing gap in the field.

Using '专攻' as a formal noun.

现代学术往往陷入过度专攻而忽视整体的困境。

Modern academia often falls into the dilemma of over-specialization while ignoring the whole.

Abstract philosophical critique.

其专攻领域虽窄，却具有举足轻重的学术地位。

Although his field of specialization is narrow, it holds a pivotal academic position.

Formal concessive clause.

他的一生都在专攻如何将古典美学融入现代建筑。

He spent his entire life specializing in how to integrate classical aesthetics into modern architecture.

Complex clausal object.

这种专攻精神，正是匠人灵魂的体现。

This spirit of specialization is precisely the embodiment of the craftsman's soul.

Noun phrase '专攻精神'.

若无十年如一日的专攻，安能有今日之成就？

Without a decade of consistent specialization, how could today's achievements exist?

Rhetorical question with '安能'.

在该项技术的专攻上，他表现出了惊人的前瞻性。

In the specialization of this technology, he showed amazing foresight.

Prepositional phrase '在...上'.

他那近乎偏执的专攻，使其在数学界毁誉参半。

His almost obsessive specialization made him a controversial figure in the math world.

Descriptive noun phrase.

Häufige Kollokationen

专攻领域

专攻方向

专攻课题

专攻技术

专攻学术

专攻其一

专攻法律

专攻艺术

专攻外语

专攻某一门

Häufige Phrasen

术业有专攻

— Everyone has their own specialty. Used to acknowledge expertise.

术业有专攻，这件事还是听专家的吧。

有所专攻

— To have a certain specialization.

他在多个领域都有所专攻。

专攻冷门

— To specialize in an unpopular or niche field.

他专攻冷门学科，研究很有独特性。

专攻一门

— To focus solely on one subject.

他打算专攻一门外语。

学有专攻

— To have specialized knowledge through study.

他学有专攻，是不可多得的人才。

专攻业务

— To specialize in a certain line of business.

我们部门专攻海外业务。

专攻难关

— To focus on overcoming a difficult problem.

科学家们正在专攻这一医学难关。

专攻市场

— To focus on a specific market segment.

这个品牌专攻年轻消费市场。

专攻设计

— To specialize in design.

他专攻工业设计。

专攻历史

— To specialize in history.

他自幼专攻历史。

Wird oft verwechselt mit

专攻 vs 专业

专业 is usually a noun (major), while 专攻 is the action of specializing.

专攻 vs 专心

专心 is short-term focus/concentration; 专攻 is long-term specialization.

专攻 vs 专门

专门 is usually an adverb (specifically); 专攻 is a verb (to specialize).

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"术业有专攻"

— People have different specialties in their studies or professions.

术业有专攻，我们不应该强求每个人都懂所有事。

Formal

"专心致志"

— To focus one's will and attention completely on something.

他专心致志地专攻他的研究。

Neutral

"精益求精"

— To constantly improve something that is already excellent.

他在专攻的领域里始终坚持精益求精。

Formal

"十年磨一剑"

— Ten years to sharpen a sword; long-term dedication to a single goal.

他专攻这项技术，真是十年磨一剑。

Literary

"由博返约"

— To go from wide-ranging knowledge back to a concise, focused point.

在广博的学习后，他最终选择专攻先秦文学。

Academic

"独树一帜"

— To develop a unique style or school of thought.

他专攻这种画法，在画坛独树一帜。

Formal

"炉火纯青"

— To reach a point of perfection in one's craft or specialty.

他在专攻的陶瓷技艺上已达到炉火纯青的地步。

Formal

"一技之长"

— A specialized skill that one is good at.

只要你专攻一项业务，就能拥有一技之长。

Neutral

"登峰造极"

— To reach the peak of excellence in a field.

他专攻书法，其造诣已登峰造极。

Formal

"钻研苦读"

— To study hard and delve deep into texts.

他闭门不出，专攻经史子集。

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

专攻 vs 主修

Both relate to school subjects.

主修 is the official major; 专攻 can be a personal focus within or outside a major.

我主修法律，但专攻海商法。

专攻 vs 研究

Both involve deep study.

研究 is more general (to research); 专攻 emphasizes the singular focus.

他在研究很多东西，没有专攻。

专攻 vs 擅长

Both imply skill.

擅长 is about being good at something; 专攻 is about the choice to focus on it.

他专攻数学，但他擅长音乐。

专攻 vs 钻研

Both imply deep effort.

钻研 focuses on the 'digging deep' process; 专攻 focuses on the 'narrowing' of the field.

他钻研了很久才决定专攻这个课题。

专攻 vs 深造

Both relate to advanced learning.

深造 is about the act of going for higher education; 专攻 is the topic of that education.

他去英国深造，专攻莎士比亚。

Satzmuster

我专攻[Subject]。

我专攻中文。

他在大学专攻[Subject]。

他在大学专攻历史。

我决定专攻[Field]方向。

我决定专攻数字营销方向。

术业有专攻，他专攻[Skill]。

术业有专攻，他专攻木工。

虽然他[Skill A]，但他最专攻的是[Skill B]。

虽然他会画画，但他最专攻的是书法。

该企业在[Technology]领域有所专攻。

该企业在芯片技术领域有所专攻。

他花费了[Time]专攻[Subject]。

他花费了毕生精力专攻古籍保护。

[Subject]之专攻，非一日之功。

数学之专攻，非一日之功。

Wortfamilie

Substantive

专业 (Major/Profession)

专家 (Expert)

专长 (Specialty)

Verben

专门 (To specialize/Specific)

专心 (To concentrate)

专注 (To focus)

Adjektive

专业的 (Professional)

专一的 (Single-minded)

专用的 (Dedicated/Private)

Verwandt

研究

学习

攻读

掌握

领域

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frequency

High in professional/academic contexts; medium in daily life.

Häufige Fehler

专攻在法律 → 专攻法律
Don't use the preposition '在' after the verb '专攻'.
我正在专攻看电视 → 我正在专心看电视
'专攻' is for long-term specialization, not short-term focus.
我的专攻是数学 → 我的专业是数学 / 我专攻数学
While '专攻' can be a noun, '专业' is the standard word for 'major'.
他专攻吃苹果 → 他很喜欢吃苹果
'专攻' should be used for skills or fields that require effort/study.
他专攻了五个专业 → 他学了五个专业
'专攻' implies a singular, deep focus. You can't '专攻' too many things at once.

Tipps

Direct Object

Never put '在' or '于' after '专攻'. Just follow it directly with the subject you are specializing in.

Pair with '领域'

To sound more academic, use the phrase '专攻...领域' (specialize in the field of...).

Show Respect

When an expert helps you, saying '术业有专攻' is a very polite way to acknowledge their superior skill.

Resume Power

Use '专攻' to highlight your niche skills. It sounds more active and determined than '熟悉' (familiar with).

Avoid Triviality

Don't use it for easy tasks. It implies a 'fortress' of knowledge that you are 'attacking'.

The 'Attack' Metaphor

Remember the 'Gong' (attack). You are aggressively pursuing a specific area of knowledge.

Formal Tone

In formal writing, '专攻' can be used to describe the research direction of a scholar or the focus of a study.

Tone Accuracy

Both characters are 1st tone. Keep your voice high and level for both to sound natural.

Key Identifiers

Listen for '专攻' in news reports when experts are introduced.

Level Up

Moving from '学习' to '专攻' is a sign that you are reaching intermediate proficiency.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'Special' (专) 'Gong' (攻). You are striking only one special gong repeatedly to master its sound.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a scholar in a room full of books, but they are only holding one book with a sword, 'attacking' the knowledge inside.

Word Web

Major Expert Focus Attack Mastery Niche Study Career

Herausforderung

Try to describe your job or major using '专攻' instead of '学习' or '做' to someone today.

Wortherkunft

The character '专' (zhuān) originally depicted a spindle for spinning thread, implying a singular, focused movement. '攻' (gōng) depicts a hand holding a tool striking an object, meaning to attack or work on something.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To focus an attack on a single point or to dedicate effort to a single task.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

Kultureller Kontext

No specific sensitivities; it is a positive, high-register term.

Similar to the English phrase 'to major in' or 'to specialize in,' but carries a more intense, scholarly tone.

Han Yu's 'Shi Shuo' (Teacher's Discourse) mentions '术业有专攻'. Modern academic papers often use this in the author's bio. Biographies of Nobel laureates in China.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

University

专攻哪个专业
专攻研究课题
专攻方向
学术专攻

Job Interview

我专攻...
在...领域专攻
职业专攻
技术专攻

Art/Hobby

专攻画法
专攻琴艺
专攻某种风格
专攻一技

Business

专攻细分市场
专攻研发
专攻核心业务
专攻高端客户

Medicine

专攻外科
专攻罕见病
专攻临床研究
专攻儿科

Gesprächseinstiege

"你在大学的时候主要专攻什么方向？"

"你觉得在现代社会，我们应该博学还是专攻？"

"如果你有三年的时间，你想专攻哪门外语？"

"这家公司专攻什么技术，你知道吗？"

"为什么你选择专攻这个领域而不是那个？"

Tagebuch-Impulse

写一写你目前正在专攻的一项技能，以及你为什么要学它。

讨论一下‘术业有专攻’这句话在当今职场中的重要性。

如果你可以重新选择你的大学专攻方向，你会选什么？为什么？

描述一个你认为在某个领域专攻到极致的人。

在未来的五年里，你计划在哪一个领域进行专攻？

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is primarily used as a verb in modern Chinese (to specialize in), but it can function as a noun in formal idioms or phrases like '术业有专攻'.

Yes, but it sounds very serious. Use it if you are a dedicated hobbyist aiming for mastery, like '专攻摄影' (specializing in photography).

Think of '专业' as the 'what' (your major) and '专攻' as the 'how' (the act of focusing on a niche).

No. In Chinese, you say '专攻 + Subject' directly. For example, '专攻法律'.

Yes, it is highly recommended! It makes your skills sound more targeted and professional.

It's rare. Children usually use '学习' or '喜欢'. It's a B1 level word for a reason.

It's a famous saying that means 'every profession has its own specialists.' It's used to respect expertise.

Yes, an athlete can '专攻' a specific event, like '专攻百米赛跑' (specializing in the 100m sprint).

In an academic sense (a concentration within a major), yes. In a mental sense (focusing right now), no—that is '专心'.

Absolutely. It's common to say a company '专攻高端市场' (specializes in the high-end market).

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