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A2 verb 6 دقیقه مطالعه

没考上

meikaoshang

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 没考上 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 没考上 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should understand that '没' (méi) means 'not' for past actions and '考' (kǎo) means 'test'. '没考上' is a useful phrase for students. Even if you don't know the grammar of '上' yet, you can memorize this as a single chunk that means 'didn't get into a school'. It is usually followed by the name of a school. For example, '我没考上' means 'I didn't get in.' It's a simple way to talk about school results.

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At the A2 level, you learn about resultative complements. The '上' in '没考上' indicates that the action of taking the exam did not reach the result of being admitted or 'reaching' the school. You can now use this phrase with specific objects like '高中' (high school) or '大学' (university). You should also be able to use it with '了' to show a change in state or completion, though '没' usually replaces '了' in negative sentences. You might say '他没考上大学' (He didn't get into university).

At the B1 level, you should distinguish between '没考上' (past failure) and '考不上' (potential inability to pass). '没考上' is used when the exam is over and the result is negative. You can also use it in more complex sentences with conjunctions like '虽然...但是...' (Although... but...). For example, '虽然他学习很努力，但还是没考上。' This level also involves understanding the emotional weight of the phrase in Chinese culture and how to respond politely to someone who says it.

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At the B2 level, you can use '没考上' in various registers and contexts, including professional exams like the civil service exam (公务员考试). You should be comfortable using it with adverbs of degree or frequency, such as '连续两次没考上' (failed to get in twice in a row). You also understand how to use related formal terms like '落榜' in writing. You can discuss the societal implications of '没考上' in the context of the Chinese education system and the 'Gaokao' culture.

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At the C1 level, you understand the deeper nuances and idioms related to '没考上'. You can use expressions like '名落孙山' to describe failure with a literary flair. You are also aware of the subtle differences between '没考上' and other forms of rejection like '被拒绝' (being rejected) or '没被录取' (not being recruited/admitted). You can read news articles about admission rates and understand the statistical context of why many people '没考上' certain elite institutions.

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At the C2 level, '没考上' is a basic building block for sophisticated analysis of educational policy and social mobility in China. You can use the term in academic discussions about 'educational anxiety' (教育焦虑) and the psychological impact on students who '没考上' their target schools. You can also use it metaphorically in literature to describe failing to achieve a high-level social status or a 'seat at the table' in any competitive hierarchy.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

没考上 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Refers to failing a school entrance exam.
Commonly used for universities and high schools.
A completed past result (uses 没).
Carries significant emotional and social weight.

The phrase 没考上 (méi kǎo shàng) is a cornerstone of academic and social conversation in Chinese-speaking cultures. At its most basic level, it translates to 'failed to get into' or 'was not admitted' to a school, university, or specific program after taking an entrance examination. In the context of the highly competitive Chinese education system, this phrase carries significant weight. It is not just about a low grade on a single test; it specifically refers to the result of an application process mediated by an exam.

Structural Breakdown: The phrase consists of three parts: 没 (méi) which is the past-tense negation; 考 (kǎo) which means to take an exam; and 上 (shàng), a resultative complement indicating the attainment of a goal or reaching a certain level. Together, they literally mean 'did not test up into'.
Cultural Nuance: In East Asian cultures, where the Gaokao (National College Entrance Exam) determines much of one's future path, saying '没考上' is often a sensitive topic. It implies a missed opportunity that might require a year of 're-studying' (复读 fùdú) to try again. It is used for high schools, universities, and even prestigious civil service positions.

他今年没考上北京大学，感到非常失望。(He didn't get into Peking University this year and feels very disappointed.)

You will hear this most frequently during the summer months (June to August) when exam results are released across China. It is used by students to describe their own results, by parents discussing their children's prospects, and by teachers reviewing the year's statistics. It is a definitive statement of a past event—the rejection is already a fact.

Using 没考上 correctly requires understanding its position in a sentence and the objects it can take. It is a transitive verb phrase, meaning it almost always takes a direct object—the institution the person failed to enter.

Basic Pattern: [Subject] + 没考上 + [School/Program]. For example: 妹妹没考上重点高中 (My younger sister didn't get into the key high school).
Using with Adverbs: Common adverbs used include 竟然 (jìngrán - surprisingly), 还是 (háishì - still), or 可惜 (kěxī - unfortunately). Example: 他复读了一年，结果还是没考上。 (He repeated a year of study, but in the end, he still didn't get in.)

虽然他很努力，但最后还是没考上理想的大学。(Although he worked hard, he ultimately didn't get into his ideal university.)

It is important to distinguish this from 考不上 (kǎo bù shàng). While both look similar, '考不上' is the potential complement, meaning 'unable to pass' (a prediction or a general statement of difficulty), whereas '没考上' is the completion of a failed attempt. If you took the test and failed, use '没考上'. If you are looking at a hard school and saying 'I don't think I'm smart enough to get in,' use '考不上'.

In real-world Chinese society, 没考上 is a word that triggers immediate sympathy or strategic discussion. You will encounter it in several distinct environments:

1. Family Gatherings: Relatives often ask about children's academic progress. If a child failed to enter a top-tier school, parents might say: “孩子没考上好学校，正打算复读呢。” (The kid didn't get into a good school and is planning to repeat the year.)
2. High School Dramas (TV/Movies): Chinese media is full of 'coming-of-age' stories centered around the Gaokao. The climax often involves the protagonist checking their results online and realizing they 没考上, leading to a dramatic turning point in the plot.
3. Employment and Certifications: While primarily for schools, it can be used for competitive government jobs (公务员) or specific professional licenses. “他这次还是没考上公务员。” (He failed to get into the civil service again this time.)

“听说了吗？老张的儿子今年没考上研。” (Did you hear? Old Zhang's son didn't get into graduate school this year.)

The emotional weight of the word varies. For some, it is a minor setback; for others, it feels like a life-altering failure. When hearing this, Chinese speakers often respond with words of encouragement like “别灰心” (bié huīxīn - don't lose heart) or “还有机会” (hái yǒu jīhuì - there are still opportunities).

Learners often struggle with the specific grammar and nuance of 没考上. Here are the most frequent pitfalls:

1. Confusing with '没考试': '没考试' (méi kǎoshì) means 'didn't take an exam.' '没考上' means you took it but didn't pass the threshold for admission. These are completely different situations.
2. The '不' vs '没' Trap: Because '考上' is a resultative construction, the negation for a past failure must be '没'. Using '不考上' is grammatically incorrect in almost all contexts unless you are describing a future certainty, in which case you would use the potential form '考不上'.
3. Misunderstanding the Scope of '上': Students often use '没考上' for a regular math test or a spelling quiz. This is wrong. For a regular classroom test, use 没及格 (méi jígé - didn't pass/fail). '没考上' is reserved for exams that lead to entry into a school or a rank.

To sound more natural, you should know when to use 没考上 and when to use its cousins.

落榜 (luò bǎng): A more formal, literary term meaning 'to fail to make the list.' It has historical roots in the Imperial Examinations. You'll see this in news headlines or formal writing. It is more poetic than '没考上'.
没及格 (méi jígé): This means 'did not pass' or 'did not reach the passing grade (60%)'. Use this for internal school tests, not for entrance exams where you can pass the grade but still not get into the school because of quotas.
名落孙山 (míng luò Sūn Shān): An idiom (Chengyu) meaning to fail an exam. It's humorous or self-deprecating. Literally 'one's name falls behind Sun Shan' (Sun Shan was the last person on the list).

Word	Context	Nuance
没考上	Everyday Speech	Direct, common, factual.
考砸了	Informal/Slang	'Messed up the test' (focus on performance).
落选	Elections/Auditions	Failed to be selected (not necessarily an exam).

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The 'shang' in 'kao shang' implies that in ancient times, passing an exam meant 'going up' to the capital or 'going up' in social rank.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /meɪ kaʊ ʃæŋ/

US /meɪ kaʊ ʃæŋ/

Primary stress on 'kao', secondary on 'shang'.

هم‌قافیه با

mei rhymes with 眉 (méi) kao rhymes with 跑 (pǎo) shang rhymes with 唱 (chàng) Other rhymes: 没 (none), 考 (老, 找), 上 (让, 棒)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'shang' as 'sang'.
Using the wrong tone for 'mei' (making it 4th instead of 2nd).
Failing to dip the voice for the 3rd tone in 'kao'.
Merging 'kao' and 'shang' into one syllable.
Pronouncing 'mei' like the English word 'me'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

The characters are common, but the resultative structure needs understanding.

نوشتن 3/5

Writing '考' and '没' requires practice with stroke order.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Easy to say once tones are mastered.

گوش دادن 2/5

Clear and distinct sounds.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

考没上考试大学

بعداً یاد بگیرید

考不上考得好录取落榜及格

پیشرفته

名落孙山金榜题名复读调剂

گرامر لازم

Resultative Complements

考上 (Succeed), 考完 (Finish), 考好 (Do well)

Negation of Past Events

没考试 vs 不考试

Potential Complements

考得上 vs 考不上

The 'Mei' vs 'Bu' distinction

我不去 (I won't go) vs 我没去 (I didn't go)

Verb-Object structure

考大学 (Take the university exam)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

我没考上。

I didn't get in.

Subject + 没考上

哥哥没考上。

Older brother didn't get in.

Family member + 没考上

他没考上大学。

He didn't get into university.

Object: 大学 (university)

你没考上吗？

Did you not get in?

Question form with 吗

小明没考上高中。

Xiao Ming didn't get into high school.

Object: 高中 (high school)

我们都没考上。

None of us got in.

Use of 都 (all)

他没考上，哭了。

He didn't get in and cried.

Two actions linked by a comma

没考上，没关系。

Didn't get in, it's okay.

Common consolation phrase

我今年没考上北京大学。

I didn't get into Peking University this year.

Time phrase + 没考上 + specific school

因为没考上，他很不开心。

Because he didn't get in, he is very unhappy.

Because (因为) clause

她没考上那所名牌大学。

She didn't get into that famous university.

Demonstrative + Measure word + Adjective + School

你为什么没考上？

Why didn't you get in?

Why (为什么) question

弟弟没考上重点中学。

Younger brother didn't get into the key middle school.

Specific noun: 重点中学

我没考上，但我会再试一次。

I didn't get in, but I will try again.

But (但) contrast

听说明天就知道谁没考上了。

I heard we will know who didn't get in tomorrow.

Indirect speech

他只差两分，可惜没考上。

He was only two points short; unfortunately, he didn't get in.

Use of 可惜 (unfortunately)

虽然他复习了很久，但还是没考上。

Although he reviewed for a long time, he still didn't get in.

虽然...但还是... structure

如果这次没考上，你打算怎么办？

If you don't get in this time, what do you plan to do?

If (如果) conditional

他因为生病，最后没考上理想的大学。

Because he was sick, he ultimately didn't get into his ideal university.

Cause and effect

没考上研究生对他来说是个巨大的打击。

Not getting into graduate school was a huge blow to him.

Verb phrase as subject

很多学生因为压力太大而没考上。

Many students didn't get in because the pressure was too great.

Cause + 而 + result

他没考上，父母感到很失望。

He didn't get in, and his parents felt very disappointed.

Subject-predicate as object

没考上并不代表你的人生失败了。

Not getting in doesn't mean your life is a failure.

Negating a conclusion

他连续两年都没考上那所艺术学院。

He didn't get into that art academy for two consecutive years.

Duration/Frequency phrase

即使他没考上，他依然坚持自己的梦想。

Even if he didn't get in, he still persists in his dream.

即使...依然... (Even if... still...)

他没考上公务员，决定去外企工作。

He failed the civil service exam and decided to work for a foreign company.

Context: Civil service

没考上的学生可以选择参加补习班。

Students who didn't get in can choose to attend cram schools.

Relative clause equivalent

他之所以没考上，是因为英语成绩太差。

The reason why he didn't get in was that his English score was too poor.

之所以...是因为... (The reason... is because...)

没考上名校并不意味着没有前途。

Not getting into a famous school doesn't mean having no future.

Abstract concept: 前途

他在面试环节表现不佳，最终没考上。

He performed poorly in the interview stage and ultimately didn't get in.

Context: Interview stage

他没考上，却意外地获得了一份好工作。

He didn't get in, but unexpectedly got a good job.

Contrast with 却 (but/yet)

没考上的压力让很多年轻人感到焦虑。

The pressure of not getting in makes many young people feel anxious.

Complex subject phrase

由于竞争异常激烈，许多优秀的考生也没考上。

Due to exceptionally fierce competition, many excellent candidates also didn't get in.

Formal cause: 由于

他没考上博士，这让他开始反思自己的研究方向。

He didn't get into the PhD program, which made him reflect on his research direction.

Context: PhD program

没考上的结果让他陷入了长期的消沉。

The result of not getting in plunged him into long-term depression.

Abstract resultative

尽管他没考上，但他的才华是毋庸置疑的。

Despite the fact that he didn't get in, his talent is beyond doubt.

Formal contrast: 尽管

没考上的阴影一直笼罩着他的家庭。

The shadow of not getting in has always hung over his family.

Metaphorical usage

他没考上并不是因为不够努力，而是因为运气不佳。

He didn't get in not because he didn't work hard enough, but because of bad luck.

不是因为...而是因为... (Not because... but because...)

没考上的经历反而成为了他创业的动力。

The experience of not getting in actually became the motivation for his entrepreneurship.

Use of 反而 (on the contrary/instead)

在那个年代，没考上大学就意味着要回农村劳动。

In those years, not getting into university meant returning to the countryside for labor.

Historical context

他没考上清华，成了他一生中难以释怀的遗憾。

Failing to get into Tsinghua became a regret in his life that he found hard to let go of.

Sophisticated expression: 难以释怀

没考上所带来的社会排斥感是教育体制下的副产品。

The sense of social exclusion brought by not getting in is a byproduct of the education system.

Sociological terminology

他没考上，但这种挫折磨砺了他的意志。

He didn't get in, but this setback tempered his will.

Literary verb: 磨砺

没考上的寒门学子往往面临着更加严峻的生存挑战。

Students from humble backgrounds who don't get in often face more severe survival challenges.

Specific term: 寒门学子

他没考上，却在文学创作中找到了灵魂的归宿。

He didn't get in, yet found the home for his soul in literary creation.

Poetic expression

没考上大学并不等同于失去了追求知识的权利。

Not getting into university is not equivalent to losing the right to pursue knowledge.

Formal logic: 不等同于

他没考上，这在某种程度上反映了当时招生制度的局限性。

He didn't get in, which to some extent reflected the limitations of the enrollment system at that time.

Institutional critique

没考上的苦涩只有经历过的人才能真正体会。

The bitterness of not getting in can only be truly understood by those who have experienced it.

Abstract noun usage

ترکیب‌های رایج

没考上大学

没考上高中

没考上研

没考上公务员

竟然没考上

还是没考上

可惜没考上

没考上理想的

没考上重点

没考上名校

عبارات رایج

没考上就算了

— If you didn't get in, just let it be.

没考上就算了，明年再来。

差点没考上

— Almost didn't get in (but actually did).

我分数很低，差点没考上。

怎么会没考上

— How could they not get in?

他平时第一名，怎么会没考上？

没考上也不要紧

— It doesn't matter if you didn't get in.

没考上也不要紧，条条大路通罗马。

没考上就去打工

— If I don't get in, I'll go work.

要是没考上就去打工。

没考上的名单

— The list of those who didn't get in.

没考上的名单还没公布。

没考上的原因

— The reason for not getting in.

没考上的原因有很多。

因为没考上而...

— Because of not getting in, then...

因为没考上而垂头丧气。

没考上心仪的

— Didn't get into the desired one.

他没考上心仪的学校。

总算没考上

— Finally (ironically) didn't get in.

他不想去，总算没考上。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

没考上 vs 没考试

Means 'didn't take the test' rather than 'didn't pass'.

没考上 vs 考不上

Means 'can't pass' (potential) rather than 'didn't pass' (fact).

没考上 vs 没及格

Means 'didn't pass the grade' rather than 'didn't get into the school'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"名落孙山"

— To fail an examination.

这次考试他名落孙山了。

Literary

"金榜题名"

— To pass the high-level imperial examination (Antonym).

祝你金榜题名。

Formal/Greeting

"落荒而逃"

— To flee in defeat (sometimes used metaphorically for exam failure).

他没考上，落荒而逃。

Metaphorical

"一蹶不振"

— To never recover after a setback like failing an exam.

他没考上后就一蹶不振。

Formal

"塞翁失马"

— A blessing in disguise (often said to those who fail).

没考上也许是塞翁失马。

Philosophical

"卷土重来"

— To make a comeback (try the exam again).

明年他会卷土重来。

Formal

"垂头丧气"

— To be crestfallen (common reaction to '没考上').

他没考上，整天垂头丧气。

Descriptive

"东山再起"

— To stage a comeback.

没考上没关系，可以东山再起。

Encouraging

"名列前茅"

— To be among the best (Antonym).

他本以为能名列前茅，结果没考上。

Formal

"失之交臂"

— To miss an opportunity narrowly.

他与心仪的大学失之交臂，没考上。

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

没考上 vs 考不上

Both involve failure and the same characters.

考不上 is potential (I can't get in), 没考上 is past/resultative (I didn't get in).

我成绩太差，肯定考不上。 vs. 结果出来了，我没考上。

没考上 vs 落榜

Same meaning.

落榜 is formal/written; 没考上 is spoken/everyday.

他在高考中落榜了。

没考上 vs 没过

General failure.

没过 is broader (didn't pass a level/test); 没考上 is specific to schools/ranks.

我的驾照考试没过。

没考上 vs 不考

Negation of 'kao'.

不考 means 'will not take the test' (choice).

我不考研了。

没考上 vs 考得不好

Negative result.

考得不好 means 'did poorly' but you might still get in. 没考上 is definitive rejection.

虽然考得不好，但我还是考上了。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Subject + 没考上。

我没考上。

Subject + 没考上 + School。

他没考上大学。

虽然...但还是没考上。

虽然他很努力，但还是没考上。

因为...没考上。

因为生病，他没考上。

Subject + 连 + School + 都没考上。

他连普通高中都没考上。

没考上...的人...

没考上大学的人也有出路。

之所以...是因为没考上。

他之所以难过是因为没考上。

没考上...意味着...

没考上名校并不意味着失败。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

考生 (candidate)

考场 (exam hall)

考分 (exam score)

فعل‌ها

考 (to test)

考试 (to take an exam)

考取 (to be admitted)

صفت‌ها

考上的 (admitted)

没考上的 (not admitted)

مرتبط

录取

落榜

及格

复读

志愿

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in educational contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

我不考上大学。 → 我没考上大学。
You must use '没' for past/completed results.
他数学考试没考上。 → 他数学考试没及格。
'没考上' is for schools, not specific subjects.
我没考试上。 → 我没考上。
'考试' is the noun, '考上' is the verb-result structure. Don't split them incorrectly.
他没考上为了生病。 → 他因为生病没考上。
Use '因为' for reasons, not '为了'.
我没考上在那所学校。 → 我没考上那所学校。
You don't need '在' before the school object.

نکات

The 'Mei' Rule

Always use '没' with resultative complements like '考上' when talking about what happened.

Face and Failure

Failing an exam involves 'loss of face' in China. Use the phrase carefully in social situations.

School Objects

Learn the words for different schools (大学, 高中, 研) to use with this phrase.

Tone Accuracy

The 3rd tone on 'kao' is often mispronounced. Make sure it goes down and then up.

Character Detail

The character '考' has a 'prefix' that looks like 'old' (老). Think of it as an old tradition of testing.

Listen for 'Le'

If you hear '考上了' (with le), it's good news. '没考上' (no le) is bad news.

Chunking

Memorize '没考上' as a single unit meaning 'failed to get in'.

Comforting Others

If someone says '我没考上', respond with '下次努力' (Work hard next time).

Vs. 及格

Remember: '及格' is for the grade, '考上' is for the admission.

Exam Names

Learn names like '高考' (Gaokao) and '考研' (Post-grad exam) to use with this phrase.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine you are trying to climb a ladder (上) to a school, but you 'May' (没) fall off during the 'Cow' (考) test.

تداعی تصویری

A student standing at the bottom of a staircase looking up at a closed school door.

شبکه واژگان

School Exam Failure Result Score Rejection Try again Sadness

چالش

Try to say 'I didn't get into Harvard' in Chinese using this phrase.

ریشه کلمه

Composed of the negative '没' (dating back to Old Chinese), the verb '考' (originally meaning 'to examine' or 'old age/ancestor'), and the complement '上' (meaning 'to ascend' or 'to reach').

معنای اصلی: To not ascend through examination.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when asking someone if they '考上了' or '没考上'. It is a very private and potentially painful topic.

In English, we say 'I didn't get in' or 'I failed the entrance exam.' The Chinese phrase is more specific about the resultative nature.

The movie 'Better Days' (少年的你) deals with the pressure of not getting in. The novel 'The Scholars' (儒林外史) satirizes those who fail imperial exams. Ma Yun (Jack Ma) famously '没考上' Harvard ten times.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

At home

没考上怎么办？
你没考上吗？
他没考上很伤心。
别担心没考上。

At school

谁没考上？
我差一点就没考上。
没考上的同学请留下。
他竟然没考上。

Job hunting

我没考上公务员。
他没考上编制。
没考上也没关系。
继续准备没考上的考试。

News/Media

落榜考生
没考上的原因分析
许多人没考上
没考上后的出路

Social Gatherings

听说你没考上？
他家孩子没考上。
没考上挺可惜的。
他因为没考上没来。

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"如果你这次没考上，你打算复读吗？"

"你听说小明没考上那所大学了吗？"

"万一没考上，你有什么备选计划？"

"为什么他学习这么好却没考上？"

"没考上真的有那么可怕吗？"

موضوعات نگارش

写一写如果你没考上理想的大学，你会是什么心情。

描述一次你或者你朋友‘没考上’的经历。

你认为‘没考上’对一个人的未来影响有多大？

如果你是父母，你会如何安慰没考上的孩子？

讨论一下社会对‘没考上’的学生是否存在偏见。

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Usually, no. For a driver's license, '没过' (méi guò) or '没及格' (méi jígé) is more common. '没考上' implies entering an institution.

'没考上' is about a past event that already happened. '考不上' is about your ability or a future possibility (e.g., 'The school is too hard, I can't get in').

Yes, it can be very blunt. It's better to wait for them to tell you or use a more indirect approach if they are upset.

No. Because '考上' is a result, you must use '没' to negate it in the past. If you mean you won't be able to get in, use '考不上'.

Technically, you might have passed the test with a decent score but still '没考上' because your score wasn't high enough for that specific school's cutoff.

The formal way is '落榜' (luòbǎng) or '未被录取' (wèi bèi lùqǔ).

Yes, but only for jobs that require a competitive entrance exam, like the Civil Service Exam (公务员考试).

Yes, the positive version is simply '考上了' (kǎo shàng le).

You say '我差点没考上' (wǒ chàdiǎn méi kǎoshàng).

They often '复读' (fùdú), which means repeating the final year of high school to take the exam again the next year.

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