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A1 adjective #1,000 よく出る 10分で読める

cierto

上位1,000

練習する例文メモとヒント cierto 30秒で

解説 cierto in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, the word 'cierto' is primarily introduced as a simple adjective meaning 'true'. Learners at this stage focus on basic affirmations and denials. You will learn to use 'cierto' with the verb 'ser' (to be) to confirm if a statement is correct. For example, 'Es cierto' translates directly to 'It is true'. This is incredibly useful for basic communication, allowing you to agree with someone or confirm a fact. You will also learn the negative form, 'No es cierto' (It is not true). At this level, the focus is on the post-nominal or standalone use of the word. You do not need to worry yet about the complex meaning changes that occur when 'cierto' is placed before a noun. Instead, practice using it as a simple response. If someone asks, '¿Eres de los Estados Unidos?' (Are you from the United States?), and you are, you can say, 'Sí, es cierto'. It is a foundational vocabulary word that helps build confidence in expressing basic truths and facts in everyday Spanish conversations. Memorizing 'es cierto' as a fixed phrase is a great starting point.

As you progress to the A2 level, your understanding of 'cierto' expands beyond simple 'true/false' statements. You begin to encounter 'cierto' used as an adjective modifying nouns, which requires you to apply rules of gender and number agreement. You will learn that 'cierto' becomes 'cierta' for feminine nouns, 'ciertos' for masculine plural nouns, and 'ciertas' for feminine plural nouns. For instance, 'una historia cierta' (a true story) or 'hechos ciertos' (true facts). Furthermore, at the A2 level, you are introduced to one of the most common and useful conversational phrases in Spanish: 'por cierto'. This phrase means 'by the way' and is essential for fluid conversation. It allows you to introduce a new topic naturally, just as you would in English. For example, 'Me gusta tu casa. Por cierto, ¿dónde compraste esa silla?' (I like your house. By the way, where did you buy that chair?). Mastering 'por cierto' significantly improves your conversational flow and makes you sound much more natural to native speakers.

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At the B1 intermediate level, the grammatical complexity of 'cierto' becomes a focal point. This is where you learn the crucial rule regarding adjective placement. You will discover that placing 'cierto' before a noun changes its meaning entirely from 'true' to 'a certain' or 'particular'. For example, 'cierta persona' means 'a certain person' (someone specific but unnamed), whereas 'una cosa cierta' means 'a true thing'. This distinction is vital for accurate expression and reading comprehension. You must also learn that when 'cierto' is used before a singular noun to mean 'a certain', you must drop the indefinite article ('un' or 'una'). It is 'cierto día' (a certain day), never 'un cierto día'. Additionally, B1 learners start using 'cierto' with expressions of degree, such as 'hasta cierto punto' (up to a certain point). This phrase is excellent for expressing partial agreement or nuanced opinions in discussions, moving beyond black-and-white 'true or false' statements into more sophisticated communication.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your use of 'cierto' becomes highly nuanced and abstract. You will frequently use the neuter construction 'lo cierto', which translates to 'the truth' or 'the factual part'. The phrase 'lo cierto es que...' (the truth is that... / the fact is that...) becomes a staple in your vocabulary for structuring arguments, writing essays, or engaging in debates. It is a powerful rhetorical device used to state a definitive fact, often in contrast to what was previously assumed. For example, 'Muchos creen que es fácil, pero lo cierto es que requiere mucho trabajo' (Many believe it is easy, but the truth is that it requires a lot of work). Furthermore, B2 learners must master the subjunctive triggers associated with 'cierto'. While 'es cierto que' triggers the indicative mood because it declares a fact (e.g., 'Es cierto que llueve'), the negative 'no es cierto que' triggers the subjunctive mood because it introduces doubt or denial (e.g., 'No es cierto que llueva'). This grammatical interplay is a hallmark of B2 proficiency.

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At the C1 advanced level, 'cierto' is utilized in sophisticated, idiomatic, and literary contexts. You will encounter and use expressions like 'dar por cierto' (to assume as true or to take for granted). For example, 'No debes dar por cierto todo lo que lees' (You shouldn't take everything you read for granted). At this level, you understand the subtle stylistic choices between using 'cierto', 'verdadero', and 'verídico'. You can navigate complex literary texts where 'cierto' is used pre-nominally to create an air of ambiguity or mystery, a common technique in Spanish literature (e.g., 'En cierta lúgubre noche...'). You also effortlessly use 'cierto' to express subtle degrees of quality, such as 'tiene cierto encanto' (it has a certain charm) or 'me miró con cierto desdén' (he looked at me with a certain disdain). Your command of 'cierto' at C1 reflects a deep understanding of Spanish syntax, allowing you to manipulate the word's position and form to achieve precise rhetorical effects in both formal writing and high-level academic discourse.

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At the C2 mastery level, your understanding and application of 'cierto' are indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You grasp the philosophical and epistemological nuances of the word when discussing concepts of truth and certainty in academic, legal, or philosophical texts. You recognize archaic or highly formal uses of 'cierto' and can employ them appropriately in specialized writing. You understand the subtle irony or sarcasm that can be conveyed with phrases like 'ciertos individuos' (certain individuals) when used in a specific tone to imply criticism without naming names. At C2, you are not just applying grammatical rules; you are playing with the language. You might use 'cierto' in complex, multi-clause sentences where its placement dictates the entire rhythm and focus of the statement. Your use of 'cierto' is intuitive, perfectly aligned with the cultural and contextual subtleties of the Spanish-speaking world, allowing you to express the most complex, abstract thoughts with absolute precision and elegance.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

cierto 30秒で

Means 'true' or 'certain' when placed after a noun or used with the verb 'ser'.
Means 'a certain' or 'some' when placed before a noun, without needing an article.
'Por cierto' is a very common phrase meaning 'by the way'.
'Lo cierto es que' translates to 'the truth is that' or 'the fact is'.

The Spanish word 'cierto' is a highly versatile adjective that primarily translates to 'true', 'certain', or 'sure' in English. Understanding its usage is fundamental for learners because it appears in everyday conversations, formal writing, and idiomatic expressions. At its core, 'cierto' is used to affirm the validity or truthfulness of a statement, functioning similarly to the English word 'true'. For example, when someone shares a surprising fact, a native speaker might respond with 'Es cierto', meaning 'It is true'. However, the meaning of 'cierto' shifts significantly depending on its placement in a sentence, which is a common feature of certain Spanish adjectives. When placed after a noun, it emphasizes truth or accuracy. When placed before a noun, it translates more closely to 'a certain' or 'particular', referring to something specific but unnamed. This dual nature makes it a fascinating word to study.

Es cierto que el cielo es azul.

People use this word constantly in debates, agreements, and when clarifying information.

Affirmation: Used to confirm that a piece of information is factually correct and undeniable.

Beyond simple agreements, 'cierto' is embedded in numerous phrases. For instance, 'por cierto' is an incredibly common transition phrase meaning 'by the way'.

Por cierto, no tengo las llaves.

This phrase is used to introduce a new, tangentially related topic into a conversation. Another frequent construction is 'lo cierto es que', which translates to 'the truth is that' or 'the fact is that'. This is used to introduce a definitive statement or a counter-argument.

Indefinite Reference: When placed before the noun, it refers to an unspecified quantity or a particular type of something, like 'ciertos problemas' (certain problems).

Tengo cierta cantidad de dinero.

The versatility of 'cierto' allows it to function in both highly formal academic contexts and casual street slang. In formal writing, one might encounter 'es un hecho cierto' (it is a true fact), while in casual speech, a simple '¡Cierto!' serves as an enthusiastic agreement. Furthermore, 'cierto' can be used to express a degree of something without being specific, such as 'hasta cierto punto' (up to a certain point).

Tienes razón hasta cierto punto.

This expression is invaluable in debates and nuanced discussions.

Agreement: Used as a standalone exclamation to agree with what someone else has just said, similar to 'Right!' or 'True!' in English.

¡Cierto! Me había olvidado por completo.

Mastering 'cierto' involves recognizing these subtle shifts in meaning and function, making it a cornerstone of Spanish vocabulary enrichment.

Using 'cierto' correctly in sentences requires an understanding of Spanish syntax, particularly the placement of adjectives and gender/number agreement. As an adjective, 'cierto' must match the noun it modifies. If the noun is feminine plural, the adjective becomes 'ciertas'. If it is masculine singular, it remains 'cierto'. The most critical rule to remember is how its position relative to the noun alters its meaning entirely.

Es una historia cierta.

In the example above, 'cierta' follows the noun 'historia', meaning 'a true story'. This is the literal, factual use of the word.

Post-nominal Position: When placed after the noun, 'cierto' means true, factual, or undeniable. It emphasizes the veracity of the noun.

Conversely, when placed before the noun, it takes on an indefinite quality.

Hay cierta historia sobre esa casa.

Here, 'cierta historia' translates to 'a certain story' or 'a particular story', implying that there is a specific story, but the speaker is not detailing it. This is a very common mistake for English speakers who try to translate 'a certain' literally.

Pre-nominal Position: When placed before the noun, 'cierto' means 'a certain', 'some', or 'particular'. It acts almost like an indefinite determiner.

Another highly frequent sentence structure involves the impersonal expression 'es cierto que', followed by an indicative or subjunctive clause depending on whether the statement is affirmed or denied.

Es cierto que ella viene mañana.

Because the speaker is affirming a fact, the indicative 'viene' is used. However, if the sentence is negative, it triggers the subjunctive mood.

No es cierto que ella venga mañana.

Here, 'venga' is the subjunctive form, reflecting doubt or denial.

Neuter Construction: 'Lo cierto' is used to summarize a factual situation, often translating to 'the truth is' or 'what is certain is'.

Lo cierto es que no tenemos tiempo.

By mastering these sentence patterns, learners can express facts, doubts, and specific references with native-like fluency, making 'cierto' an indispensable tool in their Spanish vocabulary arsenal.

The word 'cierto' is ubiquitous in the Spanish-speaking world, permeating every level of discourse from the most informal street chats to the highest echelons of academic and legal writing. You will hear it constantly in daily conversation as a simple affirmation. When two friends are talking and one makes a valid point, the other will often simply nod and say, 'Cierto'.

Sí, es muy cierto lo que dices.

This usage is equivalent to saying 'That is very true' or 'You are right'.

Casual Conversation: Frequently used as a standalone response to validate someone else's opinion or statement.

In journalism and news broadcasting, 'cierto' is heavily relied upon to establish facts. Reporters will use phrases like 'es un hecho cierto' to assure the audience of the reliability of their information.

Lo cierto es que la economía está mejorando.

In literature and storytelling, the pre-nominal use of 'cierto' is incredibly common to introduce a sense of mystery or non-specificity. A fairy tale might begin by describing 'cierto rey' (a certain king) in 'cierto país lejano' (a certain distant country).

Narrative and Literature: Used before nouns to introduce characters, places, or times without giving them a specific name or identity immediately.

En cierta ocasión, me encontré con un lobo.

You will also hear 'cierto' in professional and academic settings where precision is required. Scientists and researchers might discuss 'ciertos resultados' (certain results) that point to a specific conclusion. Furthermore, the phrase 'por cierto' is a staple of spoken Spanish across all regions. It is the perfect conversational bridge.

Por cierto, ¿cómo está tu madre?

Transitional Phrases: 'Por cierto' is used universally to mean 'by the way', allowing speakers to smoothly change the subject.

Me gusta tu camisa, por cierto.

Whether you are watching a telenovela, reading a classic novel by Gabriel García Márquez, or chatting with a barista in Madrid, 'cierto' is a word you will encounter and use with high frequency.

While 'cierto' is a common word, English speakers frequently make specific errors when incorporating it into their Spanish. The most prevalent mistake is translating 'a certain' literally by adding the indefinite article 'un' or 'una' before 'cierto'. In English, we say 'a certain man', but in Spanish, the article is dropped, and you simply say 'cierto hombre'.

Conocí a cierto individuo ayer.

Adding 'un' (e.g., 'un cierto individuo') sounds unnatural and grammatically incorrect to native ears.

Article Omission: Never use 'un' or 'una' before 'cierto' when it means 'a certain'. The word 'cierto' inherently carries the indefinite meaning.

Another major pitfall is ignoring the position of the adjective. Because 'cierto' changes meaning based on whether it precedes or follows the noun, placing it incorrectly alters the entire message.

Es una afirmación cierta.

Learners also frequently confuse 'cierto' with 'verdad'. While both relate to truth, 'verdad' is a noun (the truth) and 'cierto' is an adjective (true). You can say 'es verdad' or 'es cierto', but you cannot say 'es una cierto' when you mean 'it is a truth'.

Noun vs Adjective: Use 'verdad' when you need a noun ('la verdad') and 'cierto' when you need an adjective to describe something as true.

Dime la verdad, ¿es cierto?

Furthermore, learners sometimes forget that 'cierto' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Saying 'cierto personas' instead of 'ciertas personas' is a glaring grammatical error.

Hay ciertas reglas que debemos seguir.

Finally, the phrase 'por cierto' is sometimes mistakenly translated literally as 'for true', which makes no sense in English, or learners might try to say 'por la verdad' when they mean 'by the way'.

Idiomatic Phrases: Memorize 'por cierto' as a fixed chunk meaning 'by the way'. Do not attempt to translate it word-for-word.

Esa película es genial, por cierto.

Avoiding these common mistakes will significantly improve the natural flow and grammatical accuracy of your Spanish.

Expanding your vocabulary means knowing not just 'cierto', but also its synonyms and when to use them. The most common alternative to 'cierto' when expressing truth is 'verdadero'. While 'cierto' often implies that something is an established fact or undeniably sure, 'verdadero' emphasizes authenticity and genuineness.

Es un amigo verdadero.

You would use 'verdadero' to say 'a true friend', whereas 'un amigo cierto' sounds poetic or archaic.

Verdadero vs Cierto: Use 'verdadero' for authenticity (a true story, a real diamond) and 'cierto' for factual correctness (it is true that...).

Another excellent alternative is 'seguro', which translates to 'sure' or 'safe'. If you want to say 'I am certain', you can say 'estoy seguro'. While you can say 'es cierto' (it is certain/true), you generally do not say 'estoy cierto' in modern conversational Spanish to mean 'I am sure'; 'estoy seguro' is the correct phrasing.

Estoy seguro de que es cierto.

For the pre-nominal use of 'cierto' (meaning 'a certain' or 'some'), synonyms include 'algún' or 'algunos'.

Algún vs Cierto: 'Algún' means 'some' or 'any', while 'cierto' before a noun implies a specific but unnamed entity ('a certain').

Tengo ciertas dudas sobre eso.

You could also say 'Tengo algunas dudas' (I have some doubts), which is very similar in meaning. When looking for antonyms, 'falso' (false) is the direct opposite of 'cierto' when used to mean 'true'.

Lo que dices no es cierto, es falso.

Another antonym for the pre-nominal 'cierto' (a certain) could be 'cualquier' (any), emphasizing that it is not a specific one, but rather any one at all.

Cualquier vs Cierto: 'Cualquier' means 'any whatsoever', contrasting with 'cierto', which singles out a specific, though unnamed, item.

No es cualquier libro, es cierto libro antiguo.

Understanding these nuances allows for much richer and more precise communication in Spanish.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The English words 'certain' and 'certify' share the exact same Latin root ('certus') as the Spanish word 'cierto'. This makes it a very reliable cognate for English speakers!

発音ガイド

UK /ˈθjeɾ.to/

US /ˈsjeɾ.to/

The stress falls on the penultimate (second to last) syllable: CIER-to.

韻が合う語

abierto cubierto desierto experto huerto muerto puerto despierto

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'r' as a hard English 'r' instead of a soft Spanish tap.
Separating the 'i' and 'e' into two distinct syllables (ci-er-to) instead of blending them into a diphthong (cier-to).
Pronouncing the 'c' as a hard 'k' sound.
Stressing the final 'o' (cier-TO) instead of the first syllable (CIER-to).
Making the final 'o' sound like the English 'oh' (with a 'w' sound at the end) instead of a short, crisp Spanish 'o'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize, but pre-nominal vs post-nominal meaning requires attention.

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering gender/number agreement and dropping the article before 'cierto'.

スピーキング 3/5

Easy to use as a standalone affirmation ('¡Cierto!').

リスニング 2/5

Very clear pronunciation, easy to catch in conversation.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

ser verdad sí no que

次に学ぶ

seguro falso razón duda claro

上級

certeza certidumbre verídico innegable indudable

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Placement

'Cierta noticia' (a certain news) vs 'Noticia cierta' (true news).

Subjunctive with Denial

'No es cierto que llueva' (Subjunctive used because of denial).

Indicative with Affirmation

'Es cierto que llueve' (Indicative used because of affirmation).

Omission of Indefinite Article

'Cierto hombre' (Correct) vs 'Un cierto hombre' (Incorrect).

Neuter Article 'Lo'

'Lo cierto' turns the adjective into an abstract noun meaning 'the truth'.

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レベル別の例文

Es cierto.

It is true.

Basic use of 'cierto' with the verb 'ser' to affirm a statement.

No es cierto.

It is not true.

Negative form using 'no' before the verb 'ser'.

¿Es cierto eso?

Is that true?

Question format to verify information.

Sí, es muy cierto.

Yes, it is very true.

Using the adverb 'muy' (very) to intensify the adjective.

El libro es cierto.

The book is factual/true.

'Cierto' agreeing in gender (masculine) and number (singular) with 'libro'.

La noticia es cierta.

The news is true.

'Cierta' agreeing in gender (feminine) and number (singular) with 'noticia'.

¡Cierto!

True! / Right!

Used as a standalone exclamation of agreement.

Todo es cierto.

Everything is true.

Used with the pronoun 'todo' (everything).

Por cierto, me llamo Ana.

By the way, my name is Ana.

Introduction of the highly common fixed phrase 'por cierto' (by the way).

Son historias ciertas.

They are true stories.

Plural feminine agreement: 'ciertas' modifying 'historias'.

Hay ciertos problemas aquí.

There are certain problems here.

Pre-nominal use meaning 'some' or 'particular'. Note the masculine plural 'ciertos'.

Cierta mujer me ayudó.

A certain woman helped me.

Pre-nominal use meaning 'a certain'. Note the omission of the article 'una'.

Es un hecho cierto.

It is a true fact.

Post-nominal use emphasizing factual accuracy.

Tengo ciertas dudas.

I have certain doubts.

Pre-nominal plural feminine use meaning 'some doubts'.

Por cierto, ¿qué hora es?

By the way, what time is it?

Using 'por cierto' to change the subject and ask a question.

No estoy seguro si es cierto.

I am not sure if it is true.

Combining 'estar seguro' (to be sure) with 'ser cierto' (to be true).

Hasta cierto punto, tienes razón.

Up to a certain point, you are right.

Use of the phrase 'hasta cierto punto' to express partial agreement.

Cierto día, decidió viajar.

One certain day, he decided to travel.

Pre-nominal use to set a narrative scene without specifying the exact day.

Lo cierto es que no estudié.

The truth is that I didn't study.

Introduction of the neuter construction 'lo cierto es que' (the fact/truth is that).

Siento cierto dolor en el brazo.

I feel a certain pain in my arm.

Pre-nominal use to describe an unspecified degree or type of feeling.

Es cierto que la vida es corta.

It is true that life is short.

Impersonal expression 'es cierto que' followed by the indicative mood.

Hay cierta magia en esta ciudad.

There is a certain magic in this city.

Using 'cierta' to describe an intangible, abstract quality.

Me miró con cierta tristeza.

He looked at me with a certain sadness.

Describing an emotion with 'cierta' to imply a specific, noticeable amount.

Por cierto, olvidé mi cartera.

By the way, I forgot my wallet.

Fluid use of 'por cierto' to add a sudden realization to the conversation.

No es cierto que él haya robado el dinero.

It is not true that he stole the money.

Negative impersonal expression 'no es cierto que' triggering the present perfect subjunctive 'haya robado'.

Lo cierto y verdad es que perdimos.

The absolute truth is that we lost.

Emphatic pairing of 'lo cierto' and 'verdad' for rhetorical effect.

Requiere cierto nivel de habilidad.

It requires a certain level of skill.

Using 'cierto' to specify a requirement without giving an exact measurement.

Damos por cierto que asistirás.

We take it for granted that you will attend.

Use of the idiomatic expression 'dar por cierto' (to assume as true).

Bajo ciertas condiciones, es posible.

Under certain conditions, it is possible.

Pre-nominal plural use in a formal, conditional context.

Es un rumor que carece de base cierta.

It is a rumor that lacks a factual basis.

Post-nominal use emphasizing the lack of verified truth.

Siente cierta aversión hacia los gatos.

He feels a certain aversion towards cats.

Describing a psychological state with 'cierta'.

Lo cierto es que la situación es compleja.

The fact is that the situation is complex.

Using 'lo cierto es que' to summarize or state a definitive conclusion.

No se puede dar por cierto ningún dato sin verificarlo.

No data can be taken for granted without verifying it.

Advanced use of 'dar por cierto' in a passive, academic structure.

Existe cierta ambigüedad en su discurso.

There is a certain ambiguity in his speech.

Using 'cierta' to point out a subtle, abstract quality in a formal analysis.

A ciencia cierta, nadie sabe qué ocurrió.

For sure, nobody knows what happened.

Use of the fixed idiom 'a ciencia cierta' (for sure / with certainty).

Ciertos individuos prefieren el anonimato.

Certain individuals prefer anonymity.

Pre-nominal use conveying a slightly pejorative or secretive tone.

El éxito de la empresa es, hasta cierto punto, ilusorio.

The company's success is, to a certain extent, illusory.

Inserting 'hasta cierto punto' as a parenthetical phrase to nuance a strong statement.

Se percibe cierta reticencia en su actitud.

A certain reluctance is perceived in his attitude.

Formal vocabulary ('reticencia', 'percibe') combined with 'cierta'.

Lo único cierto es la incertidumbre.

The only certainty is uncertainty.

Philosophical use of 'lo cierto' modified by 'único'.

Hablaba con cierto deje de arrogancia.

He spoke with a certain hint of arrogance.

Using 'cierto' to describe a subtle nuance in tone or behavior.

La veracidad de tales afirmaciones no se tiene por cierta.

The veracity of such claims is not held to be true.

Highly formal, legalistic phrasing using 'tener por cierta'.

Cierto es que la melancolía embargaba su espíritu.

True it is that melancholy overwhelmed his spirit.

Literary inversion: placing 'Cierto es que' at the beginning for poetic emphasis.

No lo sé a ciencia cierta, pero lo intuyo.

I don't know it for an absolute fact, but I intuit it.

Mastery of 'a ciencia cierta' contrasted with intuition in complex thought.

Se movía con cierta languidez aristocrática.

She moved with a certain aristocratic languor.

Highly descriptive, literary use of 'cierta' with advanced vocabulary.

Lo cierto y fijo es que no hay vuelta atrás.

The absolute and fixed truth is that there is no turning back.

Use of paired synonyms ('cierto y fijo') for absolute, undeniable emphasis.

Abrigaba cierta esperanza, por vana que fuera.

He harbored a certain hope, however vain it might be.

Complex sentence structure combining 'cierta' with a concessive subjunctive clause.

Ciertos matices de la obra escapan al lector profano.

Certain nuances of the work escape the lay reader.

Academic critique using 'ciertos' to refer to specific, subtle elements.

Es de toda certeza y cosa cierta.

It is of complete certainty and a true thing.

Archaic or highly formal rhetorical repetition for absolute affirmation.

よく使う組み合わせ

es cierto que

por cierto

lo cierto es que

hasta cierto punto

a ciencia cierta

dar por cierto

un hecho cierto

cierta medida

cierta cantidad

cierto modo

よく使うフレーズ

Por cierto

— By the way. Used to introduce a new, slightly related topic into a conversation.

Por cierto, ¿viste el partido ayer?

Lo cierto es que

— The truth is that / The fact is that. Used to state a definitive fact or reality.

Lo cierto es que no quiero ir.

Hasta cierto punto

— Up to a certain point / To some extent. Used to agree partially.

Entiendo tu queja hasta cierto punto.

En cierto modo

— In a way / In a certain manner. Used to describe how something is partially true.

En cierto modo, me alegro de que haya terminado.

A ciencia cierta

— For sure / With absolute certainty. Usually used in negative sentences.

No sabemos a ciencia cierta qué pasó.

Dar por cierto

— To take for granted / To assume as true. Used when someone believes something without proof.

Dieron por cierto que yo pagaría.

En cierta medida

— To a certain extent / In a certain measure. Similar to 'hasta cierto punto'.

En cierta medida, la culpa es mía.

De cierto

— Truly / Assuredly. An older or more literary way of saying 'truly'.

De cierto te digo que no lo sé.

Cierto o falso

— True or false. Commonly used in tests or games.

Responde cierto o falso a las siguientes preguntas.

Tener por cierto

— To hold as true / To consider as a fact. Formal expression of belief.

Tengo por cierto que él es inocente.

よく混同される語

cierto vs verdad

'Verdad' is a noun (the truth). 'Cierto' is an adjective (true). You say 'es verdad' or 'es cierto', but not 'es una cierto'.

cierto vs seguro

'Seguro' means sure or safe. Use 'estoy seguro' for 'I am sure', not 'estoy cierto'.

cierto vs un cierto

English speakers often say 'un cierto' to mean 'a certain'. In Spanish, the 'un' is dropped. It is just 'cierto'.

慣用句と表現

"A ciencia cierta"

— Knowing something with absolute, scientific certainty. Usually used to say you *don't* know something for sure.

Nadie sabe a ciencia cierta cómo se construyeron las pirámides.

Neutral/Formal

"Dar por sentado / Dar por cierto"

— To assume something is true without verifying it.

No des por cierto que mañana no habrá clases.

Neutral

"Lo cierto y fijo"

— An emphatic way of stating that something is an absolute, unchangeable truth.

Lo cierto y fijo es que tenemos que pagar los impuestos.

Informal/Conversational

"Cierto es que..."

— A slightly literary or formal way to start a sentence, meaning 'It is true that...'.

Cierto es que la economía ha mejorado, pero aún hay pobreza.

Formal

"Tener algo por cierto"

— To firmly believe something to be a fact.

Tengo por cierto que la honestidad es la mejor política.

Formal

"Decir la verdad y nada más que lo cierto"

— A legalistic or dramatic phrase meaning 'to tell the truth and nothing but the truth'.

Juro decir la verdad y nada más que lo cierto.

Formal/Legal

"En cierto sentido"

— In a certain sense. Used to validate an argument from a specific perspective.

En cierto sentido, el fracaso es una oportunidad.

Neutral

"Un no sé qué, un qué sé yo, y un cierto encanto"

— A poetic way to describe an indescribable charm or quality someone possesses.

Ella tiene un cierto encanto que atrae a todos.

Literary/Romantic

"Estar en lo cierto"

— To be right or correct about something.

Creo que estás en lo cierto sobre este problema.

Neutral

"Hacer cierto"

— To make something come true or to prove something true.

El tiempo hizo ciertas sus predicciones.

Formal

間違えやすい

cierto vs verdad

Both translate to concepts of truth.

'Verdad' is a noun meaning 'the truth'. 'Cierto' is an adjective meaning 'true'. You can say 'dime la verdad' (tell me the truth), but you cannot say 'dime la cierto'.

Es verdad que es cierto.

cierto vs seguro

Both can translate to 'certain' in English.

'Seguro' is used for personal certainty ('I am certain' = 'estoy seguro'). 'Cierto' is used for factual truth ('It is certain/true' = 'es cierto').

Estoy seguro de que es cierto.

cierto vs algún

Both can mean 'some' or 'a certain' when placed before a noun.

'Algún' is more general (any/some), while 'cierto' implies a specific, particular thing that the speaker just isn't naming.

Algún día conoceré a cierta persona.

cierto vs verdadero

Both mean 'true'.

'Verdadero' emphasizes authenticity (a true/real friend). 'Cierto' emphasizes factual correctness (a true statement).

Un verdadero amigo te dice lo que es cierto.

cierto vs falso

It is the exact opposite, but used in the same contexts.

'Falso' means false. It is the direct antonym of the post-nominal 'cierto'.

Lo que dices no es cierto, es falso.

文型パターン

Es cierto.

Sí, es cierto.

No es cierto.

No, no es cierto.

Por cierto, [Sentence].

Por cierto, me gusta tu coche.

Es cierto que + [Indicative].

Es cierto que hablo español.

No es cierto que + [Subjunctive].

No es cierto que hable francés.

Lo cierto es que + [Indicative].

Lo cierto es que estamos cansados.

Hasta cierto punto, [Sentence].

Hasta cierto punto, lo entiendo.

Dar por cierto que + [Indicative].

Doy por cierto que vendrás.

語族

名詞

certeza

certidumbre

certificado

certificación

動詞

certificar

acertar

cerciorarse

形容詞

certero

certificado

incierto

使い方

frequency

Top 500 most common words in Spanish.

よくある間違い

Un cierto hombre vino a verte. → Cierto hombre vino a verte.
English speakers naturally want to translate 'a certain' literally by adding 'un' or 'una'. In Spanish, the indefinite article is omitted before 'cierto'.
Estoy cierto de que ganaremos. → Estoy seguro de que ganaremos.
'Estar cierto' is archaic. To express personal certainty ('I am sure'), you must use 'estar seguro'. Use 'ser cierto' for factual statements ('es cierto que ganaremos').
No es cierto que él viene hoy. → No es cierto que él venga hoy.
The negative expression 'no es cierto que' introduces doubt or denial, which requires the subjunctive mood ('venga'), not the indicative ('viene').
Es una cierto que la tierra es redonda. → Es una verdad que la tierra es redonda. / Es cierto que la tierra es redonda.
'Cierto' is an adjective, not a noun. You cannot say 'a true' (una cierto). You must use the noun 'verdad' (a truth) or rephrase using 'es cierto que' (it is true that).
Hay cierto personas que no entienden. → Hay ciertas personas que no entienden.
'Cierto' is an adjective and must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Since 'personas' is feminine plural, it must be 'ciertas'.

ヒント

Drop the Article

Never say 'un cierto' or 'una cierta'. The word 'cierto' already includes the idea of 'a' or 'an' when placed before a noun. Just say 'cierto día' (a certain day).

Position Matters

Memorize this rule: Before the noun = 'a certain' (unspecified). After the noun = 'true' (factual). This will prevent major misunderstandings in your reading and writing.

Use 'Por cierto'

If you want to sound instantly more fluent and natural, start using 'por cierto' (by the way) to change topics in your conversations. Native speakers use it constantly.

Subjunctive Trigger

Pay attention to the negative. 'Es cierto que' + Indicative. 'No es cierto que' + Subjunctive. This is a classic grammar test question and a sign of advanced fluency.

Verdad vs Cierto

If you can replace the word with 'the truth' in English, use 'la verdad'. If you can replace it with 'true', use 'cierto'. They are not always interchangeable.

Match the Noun

Always check the ending. If you are talking about 'cosas' (things, feminine plural), you must use 'ciertas cosas'. Don't leave it as 'cierto cosas'.

Strong Transitions

In essays, use 'Lo cierto es que...' (The truth is that...) to introduce a strong, factual counter-argument. It sounds very professional and academic.

A ciencia cierta

Learn the phrase 'a ciencia cierta' (for sure). It is almost always used in the negative: 'No lo sé a ciencia cierta' (I don't know for sure).

Blend the Vowels

Don't say 'ci-er-to'. Blend the 'i' and 'e' together quickly like the 'ye' in 'yes'. It is one syllable: 'cier'.

Standalone Agreement

When someone says something you agree with, just say '¡Cierto!' instead of always saying 'Sí'. It adds variety to your vocabulary.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'cierto' as 'CERTAIN'. They sound similar and mean the same thing. 'It is CERTAINly CIERTO.'

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant green checkmark over a document. The checkmark represents that the document is verified, true, and 'cierto'.

Word Web

cierto verdad seguro ciertamente certeza incierto falso por cierto

チャレンジ

Next time you agree with someone in a conversation, instead of saying 'sí', try saying '¡Cierto!' with enthusiasm.

語源

The word 'cierto' comes from the Latin word 'certus', which means 'determined', 'resolved', or 'sure'. 'Certus' is the past participle of the Latin verb 'cernere', meaning 'to sift', 'to distinguish', or 'to decide'.

元の意味： Originally, in Latin, it meant something that had been sifted or separated, and therefore was distinct, decided, and certain.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > Ibero-Romance > Spanish.

文化的な背景

There are no specific cultural sensitivities or offensive connotations associated with the word 'cierto'. It is universally safe to use.

English speakers often overuse 'verdad' when they should use 'cierto'. Remember that 'verdad' is a noun (the truth) and 'cierto' is an adjective (true).

The famous phrase 'Lo cierto es que...' is frequently used by politicians and journalists in Spain and Latin America to pivot a debate. In literature, Gabriel García Márquez often uses 'cierto' pre-nominally to create magical realism atmospheres, e.g., 'cierto olor a rosas' (a certain smell of roses). The song 'Es Cierto' by various Latin artists uses the word to confirm romantic feelings.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Agreeing in Conversation

¡Cierto!
Es muy cierto.
Tienes toda la razón, es cierto.
Estar en lo cierto.

Changing the Subject

Por cierto...
Ah, por cierto...
Cambiando de tema, por cierto...
Oye, por cierto...

Stating Facts

Es cierto que...
Lo cierto es que...
Es un hecho cierto.
A ciencia cierta.

Expressing Partial Agreement

Hasta cierto punto.
En cierta medida.
En cierto modo.
Sí, pero solo hasta cierto punto.

Telling a Story

Cierto día...
En cierta ocasión...
Cierta persona me dijo...
En cierto lugar...

会話のきっかけ

"¿Es cierto que vas a viajar a España el próximo año?"

"Por cierto, ¿qué te pareció la película que vimos ayer?"

"Lo cierto es que no sé qué cocinar hoy, ¿tienes alguna idea?"

"¿Crees que es cierto lo que dicen las noticias sobre el clima?"

"Hasta cierto punto, creo que la tecnología nos aísla, ¿qué opinas tú?"

日記のテーマ

Escribe sobre un rumor que escuchaste. ¿Era cierto o falso? ¿Cómo te enteraste de la verdad?

Describe 'cierto día' de tu infancia que recuerdes con mucho cariño. ¿Qué pasó exactamente?

Completa la frase y escribe un párrafo: 'Lo cierto es que me da miedo...'

Piensa en una opinión popular con la que solo estás de acuerdo 'hasta cierto punto'. Explica por qué.

Usa la frase 'por cierto' para conectar dos temas completamente diferentes en una entrada de diario.

よくある質問

10 問

No, in modern conversational Spanish, you should say 'estoy seguro' to express personal certainty. 'Estar cierto' sounds very archaic or overly literary. Always use 'ser cierto' for facts (es cierto) and 'estar seguro' for people (estoy seguro).

The position changes the meaning. Before the noun (cierta persona), it means 'a certain' or 'some'. After the noun (historia cierta), it means 'true' or 'factual'. This is a common feature of several Spanish adjectives.

No, you must drop the indefinite article. In English, we say 'a certain book', but in Spanish, it is simply 'cierto libro'. Adding 'un' (un cierto libro) is a common grammatical mistake made by English speakers.

'Por cierto' is a very common fixed phrase that translates to 'by the way'. It is used to introduce a new topic into a conversation or to add a suddenly remembered detail. For example, 'Por cierto, ¿cómo está tu hermano?' (By the way, how is your brother?).

'Verdad' is a noun meaning 'the truth' (la verdad). 'Cierto' is an adjective meaning 'true'. You can say 'es verdad' (it is truth) or 'es cierto' (it is true), but they function differently in sentences. You cannot say 'la cierto'.

'Es cierto que' (It is true that) declares a fact, so it triggers the indicative mood (e.g., Es cierto que llueve). However, the negative 'No es cierto que' (It is not true that) introduces doubt or denial, so it triggers the subjunctive mood (e.g., No es cierto que llueva).

'Lo cierto' uses the neuter article 'lo' to turn the adjective into an abstract noun. It translates to 'the truth', 'the factual part', or 'what is certain'. The phrase 'lo cierto es que' is very common and means 'the truth is that' or 'the fact is that'.

You say 'cierto o falso' or 'verdadero o falso'. Both are commonly used in tests, games, and everyday conversation to ask if a statement is correct or incorrect.

Yes, because it is an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. It can be cierto, cierta, ciertos, or ciertas. For example, 'ciertas personas' (certain people) or 'ciertos problemas' (certain problems).

It translates to 'up to a certain point' or 'to some extent'. It is a very useful phrase for expressing partial agreement in a debate or discussion. For example, 'Tienes razón hasta cierto punto' (You are right up to a certain point).

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