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A2 noun #1,500 よく出る 7分で読める

calcul

上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント calcul 30秒で

解説 calcul in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'calcul' is introduced in its most basic form: simple arithmetic. Students learn that 'un calcul' is what you do when you add 2 and 2. It is primarily used in the context of school or shopping. A1 learners should focus on the phrase 'faire un calcul' (to do a sum). The word is usually encountered in the singular. At this stage, the focus is on recognizing the word in a sentence about basic math or prices. It is a concrete noun representing a simple action. Teachers might use it to ask students to solve a problem. It's important for A1 students to distinguish 'calcul' from the numbers themselves. For example, '2' is a number, but '2+2' is a 'calcul'. The goal is to build a foundation where the student understands that math operations have a specific name in French. They might also see it on a calculator button or in a very simple textbook. The word is masculine, which is a key grammar point to remember early on: 'le calcul'.

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At the A2 level, the use of 'calcul' expands to include everyday situations like checking a bill or planning a simple budget. Learners are expected to use 'calcul' with more variety, such as 'calcul mental' (mental math) or 'erreur de calcul' (calculation error). The context moves from the classroom to the real world. An A2 student should be able to say 'J'ai fait le calcul' to indicate they've worked out a total. They also begin to understand the plural 'calculs' when referring to multiple operations. This level also introduces the idea of 'calculer' as a verb. The student should be comfortable using 'calcul' in sentences about time, money, and basic measurements. They might encounter it in recipes or simple instructions. The distinction between 'calcul' and 'calculatrice' becomes more important here to avoid common errors. A2 learners are starting to see 'calcul' as a tool for organization and decision-making in daily life.

At the B1 level, 'calcul' begins to take on more abstract and professional meanings. Students encounter it in the context of finance, work, and more complex problem-solving. It's no longer just about 2+2; it's about 'le calcul des impôts' (tax calculation) or 'le calcul de la distance'. B1 learners should understand the word in a professional setting, such as a meeting where someone says 'Selon nos calculs...'. They also start to see the metaphorical use of 'calcul' as a strategy. For example, 'C'est un calcul risqué' (It's a risky move). This level requires understanding that 'calcul' can imply foresight and planning. The medical meaning ('calcul rénal') might also be introduced in health-related topics. B1 students should be able to discuss the importance of 'calcul' in various fields and use it to justify their opinions or plans. They are moving from concrete arithmetic to the concept of computation as a whole.

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At the B2 level, 'calcul' is used fluently in both technical and figurative senses. Learners can discuss 'le calcul intégral' or 'le calcul des probabilités' in academic contexts. They also understand the nuance of 'agir par calcul' (to act out of self-interest). This level involves recognizing 'calcul' in sophisticated literature or news analysis where it describes political or economic strategies. A B2 student can use the word to critique a plan, saying 'C'est un pur calcul politique'. They are aware of idiomatic expressions like 'calcul d'apothicaire'. The word becomes a way to describe not just math, but human behavior and complex systems. B2 learners should be able to handle 'calcul' in debates about technology, such as the 'puissance de calcul' (computing power) of a computer. The word is now a versatile tool for expressing logic, strategy, and scientific processes.

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At the C1 level, the student has a deep understanding of the philosophical and technical nuances of 'calcul'. They can explore the history of the word, from its Latin roots (pebbles) to its role in modern algorithms. C1 learners use 'calcul' in high-level academic writing, discussing 'la théorie du calcul' or 'le calcul propositionnel'. They also recognize the subtle social connotations of the word when used to describe someone as 'calculateur' (calculating). In this stage, 'calcul' is often linked to discussions about ethics, artificial intelligence, and advanced economics. The student can differentiate between 'calcul' and 'raisonnement' (reasoning) in a philosophical context. They are comfortable with the word in any register, from a medical journal to a classical novel. The word 'calcul' is seen as a fundamental element of human cognition and social interaction, representing both the precision of math and the coldness of strategic manipulation.

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At the C2 level, 'calcul' is mastered in all its complexity. The learner can use it with total precision in specialized fields like theoretical physics, advanced law, or literary criticism. They can appreciate the word's role in the 'calcul du destin' in a tragic play or the 'calcul de structure' in engineering. A C2 speaker can play with the word's multiple meanings, perhaps using it in a pun or a complex metaphor. They understand the most obscure idiomatic uses and can discuss the evolution of 'calcul' in the French language. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a concept that can be analyzed from multiple angles. Whether discussing the 'calcul infinitésimal' of Leibniz or the 'calculs secrets' of a diplomat, the C2 learner uses the word with the same ease and nuance as a highly educated native speaker. They can articulate the difference between 'un calcul' and 'une préméditation' in a legal context, showing complete mastery.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

calcul 30秒で

Calcul refers to the process of mathematical computation or arithmetic.
It can also mean a strategic or self-interested plan in social contexts.
In medicine, it refers to a stone, such as a kidney stone.
Commonly used with the verb 'faire' and found in many daily expressions.

The French word calcul is a versatile masculine noun that primarily refers to the process of using numbers to find an amount or result. At its core, it is the act of computation. However, its semantic range extends far beyond simple arithmetic. In a mathematical context, it encompasses everything from basic addition to complex integral calculus. Beyond the classroom, calcul is used in finance to describe accounting or budgeting, in medicine to describe a physical stone (like a kidney stone), and in social contexts to describe a cold, strategic, or even manipulative plan. Understanding calcul requires recognizing whether the speaker is discussing a literal number or a metaphorical strategy.

Mathematical Computation: The most common use at the A2 level. It refers to the operation of adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing. For example, 'un calcul mental' is mental math.

J'ai fait une erreur dans mon calcul et j'ai payé trop cher.

Strategic Planning: In a more advanced sense, it refers to a deliberate, often self-interested, plan. If someone acts 'par calcul', they are doing it for a specific advantage rather than out of sincerity.

C'est un calcul politique risqué pour le ministre.

Medical Context: In medicine, 'un calcul' refers to a lithiasis or stone. For example, 'un calcul rénal' is a kidney stone. This comes from the Latin 'calculus', meaning a small pebble used for counting.

Le médecin a détecté un petit calcul dans la vésicule biliaire.

Le calcul des probabilités est une branche complexe des mathématiques.

Elle agit sans aucun calcul, avec une totale spontanéité.

Using calcul correctly involves pairing it with the right verbs and adjectives. In everyday French, the most common verb used with calcul is faire (to do/make). You 'faites un calcul' when you are working out a price, a distance, or a mathematical problem. If the result is wrong, you 'faites une erreur de calcul'. In more formal or scientific contexts, you might use effectuer (to carry out) or procéder à (to proceed with). When discussing strategies, we often use the expression par calcul, which implies that an action was not genuine but motivated by a desire for gain. For instance, 'Il l'a aidée par calcul' means he helped her because he expected something in return.

Common Verb Pairings: Faire un calcul (to calculate), Vérifier un calcul (to check a calculation), Se tromper dans ses calculs (to be mistaken in one's calculations).

Peux-tu refaire le calcul pour être sûr du total ?

Adjective Agreement: Since 'calcul' is masculine, adjectives must agree: un calcul précis (a precise calculation), un calcul complexe (a complex calculation), des calculs erronés (wrong calculations).

Selon mes calculs, nous devrions arriver à midi.

Abstract Usage: 'C'est un mauvais calcul' is a common idiom meaning 'that's a bad move' or 'that's a poor strategy'.

Vendre sa maison maintenant serait un mauvais calcul.

Le calcul de l'impôt sur le revenu est automatisé.

Il a réussi grâce à un calcul très habile.

The word calcul resonates through various spheres of French life. In the education system, children start 'le calcul' in primary school, learning the basics of arithmetic. In professional environments, especially in finance, engineering, and data science, calcul is ubiquitous. You will hear it in news reports discussing the 'calcul du PIB' (GDP calculation) or the 'calcul des retraites' (pension calculations). In a more personal setting, friends might discuss their 'calculs' for a shared vacation budget. Interestingly, you might also hear it in a hospital corridor, where a doctor discusses 'des calculs biliaires'. In literature and cinema, calcul often takes on a darker tone, describing the cold motivations of a villain or a calculating lover.

In the Classroom: Teachers say: 'Sortez vos cahiers de calcul.' (Take out your math notebooks.)

Le calcul mental est important pour la vie quotidienne.

In Business: 'Selon nos calculs, le projet sera rentable en trois ans.' (According to our calculations...)

Le calcul des intérêts bancaires est complexe.

In Politics: Journalists often analyze 'les calculs électoraux' (electoral strategies/math) of candidates.

C'est un calcul purement électoraliste.

L'ordinateur effectue des millions de calculs par seconde.

Le calcul de la trajectoire doit être extrêmement précis.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is the confusion between the process (calcul) and the device (calculatrice). In English, 'calculus' is a specific field of math, but in French, calcul is the general term for all math operations. Another mistake is using the wrong gender; calcul is always masculine. Students also often forget the difference between 'faire un calcul' (to do math) and 'compter' (to count 1, 2, 3...). Furthermore, in the medical sense, learners might try to use the word 'pierre' (stone) instead of calcul. While 'pierre au rein' is understood, calcul rénal is the correct medical term.

Calcul vs. Calculatrice: Wrong: 'J'ai besoin de mon calcul.' Correct: 'J'ai besoin de ma calculatrice.' (I need my calculator.)

L'élève a oublié sa calculatrice pour l'examen de calcul.

Calcul vs. Compte: 'Un compte' is an account or a count. 'Un calcul' is the operation to reach a result. Don't say 'faire le compte' when you mean 'faire le calcul'.

Il a fait une erreur de calcul bête.

False Friend: Calculus: In English, 'calculus' is high-level math. In French, 'calcul' can be 2+2. Don't assume 'calcul' always means advanced math.

Le calcul des probabilités est au programme du lycée.

Son calcul était faux dès le départ.

Ne confondez pas calcul et estimation.

French has several words that overlap with calcul, and choosing the right one depends on the level of precision and the context. Compte is often used for counting or accounting. Chiffre refers to a digit or a figure. Estimation is used when the result is not exact but a guess. Évaluation is used for assessing value or performance. Finally, mesure refers to the physical dimensions of something. While calcul is the process of finding a value, these other words focus on the nature of the value itself or the method of obtaining it.

Calcul vs. Estimation: A 'calcul' is expected to be precise and based on logic. An 'estimation' is an educated guess based on available data.

Ce n'est pas un calcul exact, c'est juste une estimation.

Calcul vs. Compte: 'Régler ses comptes' means to settle scores (idiom), while 'faire ses calculs' means to check if one has enough money.

L'évaluation du projet a nécessité de nombreux calculs.

Synonyms in Context: Computation (formal), Chiffrage (budgeting), Arithmétique (basic math).

Le calcul des coûts est la première étape.

Il a un esprit très porté sur le calcul.

Ce calcul est la base de toute la démonstration.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Noun gender

Adjective agreement

Partitive articles

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レベル別の例文

Le calcul est facile.

The calculation is easy.

Subject + Verb + Adjective.

Fais le calcul, s'il te plaît.

Do the calculation, please.

Imperative mood.

C'est un petit calcul.

It is a small calculation.

Indefinite article + adjective + noun.

Le calcul est juste.

The calculation is correct.

Juste means correct here.

Je n'aime pas le calcul.

I don't like math/calculation.

Negative structure.

Un calcul simple : un plus un.

A simple calculation: one plus one.

Noun phrase.

Où est le calcul ?

Where is the calculation?

Interrogative sentence.

Le calcul est sur la table.

The calculation is on the table.

Prepositional phrase.

Elle fait un calcul mental rapide.

She does a quick mental calculation.

Adjective 'mental' follows the noun.

Il y a une erreur dans le calcul.

There is an error in the calculation.

Preposition 'dans'.

Peux-tu vérifier mon calcul ?

Can you check my calculation?

Infinitive after 'pouvoir'.

Le calcul du prix est important.

The calculation of the price is important.

Genitive 'du' (de + le).

Nous faisons les calculs pour le voyage.

We are doing the calculations for the trip.

Plural noun 'calculs'.

C'est un calcul de base.

It's a basic calculation.

Noun + de + noun.

Je me trompe souvent dans mes calculs.

I often make mistakes in my calculations.

Pronominal verb 'se tromper'.

Le résultat du calcul est cent.

The result of the calculation is one hundred.

Subject is 'Le résultat'.

Selon mes calculs, nous arrivons bientôt.

According to my calculations, we're arriving soon.

Introductory phrase 'Selon'.

Le calcul des impôts est complexe cette année.

The calculation of taxes is complex this year.

Complex subject.

Il a agi par pur calcul.

He acted out of pure calculation (strategy).

Idiomatic 'par calcul'.

Le médecin a trouvé un calcul rénal.

The doctor found a kidney stone.

Medical terminology.

Ce n'est pas une intuition, c'est un calcul.

It's not an intuition, it's a calculation.

Contrastive structure.

Le calcul de la surface est nécessaire.

The calculation of the surface area is necessary.

Technical context.

Elle a un esprit très porté sur le calcul.

She has a mind very focused on calculation/strategy.

Descriptive phrase.

Refais tes calculs avant de décider.

Redo your calculations before deciding.

Imperative + conjunction.

C'est un mauvais calcul de sa part.

It's a bad move on his part.

Idiom for 'bad strategy'.

Le calcul des probabilités est fascinant.

The calculation of probabilities is fascinating.

Academic subject.

Sa générosité n'est qu'un calcul politique.

His generosity is nothing but a political calculation.

Restrictive 'ne... que'.

L'ordinateur effectue des calculs complexes.

The computer performs complex calculations.

Formal verb 'effectuer'.

Tout est une question de calcul.

Everything is a matter of calculation.

Abstract concept.

Le calcul de l'inflation est contesté.

The calculation of inflation is disputed.

Passive voice 'est contesté'.

Elle a fait ses calculs et a démissionné.

She did the math and resigned.

Sequence of actions.

Le calcul infinitésimal a révolutionné les sciences.

Calculus revolutionized the sciences.

Historical/Scientific term.

L'acte était dépourvu de tout calcul.

The act was devoid of any calculation/strategy.

Formal 'dépourvu de'.

Le calcul de structure garantit la sécurité du pont.

The structural calculation guarantees the bridge's safety.

Engineering terminology.

Il se perd dans des calculs d'apothicaire.

He gets lost in overly meticulous calculations.

Idiom 'calcul d'apothicaire'.

La puissance de calcul de cette puce est inouïe.

The computing power of this chip is incredible.

Modern technical term.

Le calcul cynique des dirigeants a échoué.

The cynical calculation of the leaders failed.

Political/Social critique.

C'est un calcul à court terme.

It's a short-term calculation/strategy.

Temporal adjective phrase.

Le calcul de la trajectoire orbitale est précis.

The calculation of the orbital trajectory is precise.

Scientific precision.

L'amour ne devrait pas être un calcul.

Love should not be a calculation.

Philosophical statement.

Le calcul des intérêts se heurte à des obstacles juridiques.

The calculation of interests faces legal obstacles.

Formal 'se heurter à'.

Elle déjoua ses calculs avec une aisance déconcertante.

She thwarted his calculations with disconcerting ease.

Literary 'déjouer'.

Le calcul propositionnel est à la base de la logique.

Propositional calculus is at the base of logic.

Formal logic term.

Son silence était le fruit d'un calcul mûrement réfléchi.

His silence was the result of a carefully considered calculation.

Sophisticated descriptive phrase.

Le calcul de la valeur ajoutée est un indicateur clé.

The calculation of added value is a key indicator.

Macroeconomic context.

Il y a une part de calcul dans toute diplomatie.

There is an element of calculation in all diplomacy.

Nuanced social observation.

Le calcul matriciel est utilisé en infographie.

Matrix calculus is used in computer graphics.

Advanced technical term.

L'univers semble régi par un calcul mathématique.

The universe seems governed by a mathematical calculation.

Metaphysical statement.

よく使う組み合わせ

calcul mental

calcul rénal

erreur de calcul

puissance de calcul

calcul précis

calcul complexe

faire un calcul

vérifier un calcul

calcul électoral

calcul stratégique

よく使うフレーズ

Faire ses calculs

Erreur de calcul

Calcul mental

Selon mes calculs

Un mauvais calcul

Par calcul

Calcul d'apothicaire

Règle de calcul

Puissance de calcul

Calcul de probabilités

よく混同される語

calcul vs calculatrice

calcul vs compte

calcul vs chiffre

慣用句と表現

"C'est un mauvais calcul"

"Agir par calcul"

"Calcul d'apothicaire"

"Se perdre dans ses calculs"

"Faire ses calculs"

"Le calcul est vite fait"

"Sans calcul"

"Calculer son coup"

"Tomber juste dans ses calculs"

"Mettre dans son calcul"

間違えやすい

calcul vs

文型パターン

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使い方

note1

Calcul is the process, calculatrice is the machine.

よくある間違い

Using 'la calcul' instead of 'le calcul'.
Saying 'mon calcul' when you mean your calculator machine.
Using 'pierre' for a medical stone instead of 'calcul'.
Confusing 'calcul' with 'compte'.
Forgetting to agree adjectives in the plural.

ヒント

Gender

Always use 'le' or 'un' with calcul.

Tool vs Process

Calcul = process, Calculatrice = tool.

Strategy

'Par calcul' means for strategic gain.

Health

'Calcul' can mean a stone in the body.

Arithmetic

It covers all types of math operations.

False Friend

Don't assume it only means advanced calculus.

The 'U'

Practice the French 'u' sound.

Verbs

Use 'faire' for simple actions.

School

Calcul is a subject in French primary schools.

Finance

Use it when discussing budgets.

暗記しよう

語源

Latin 'calculus'

文化的な背景

Being 'calculateur' is a character flaw in French literature.

Mental math is a core part of the French curriculum.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"Tu es bon en calcul mental ?"

"As-tu fait le calcul pour le loyer ?"

"C'est un bon calcul, non ?"

日記のテーマ

Décrivez un moment où vous avez fait une erreur de calcul.

Est-ce que vous agissez parfois par calcul ?

よくある質問

10 問

It is always masculine: le calcul.

It is 'le calcul mental'.

Yes, 'un calcul rénal'.

Une calculatrice.

J'ai fait une erreur de calcul.

Yes, to describe strategies.

Yes, but it's more general.

Calculer.

A very detailed, fussy calculation.

Yes, 'les calculs'.

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