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B1 noun 14分で読める

mortalité

練習する例文メモとヒント mortalité 30秒で

解説 mortalité in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'mortalité' very often, but it is good to recognize it. Think of it as a big word for 'death.' You already know 'la mort' (death) and 'mourir' (to die). 'Mortalité' is just the formal version used in news or science. Imagine you are looking at a picture of a hospital. You might see a chart about how many people get better and how many do not. That chart shows 'mortalité.' It is always a feminine word, so we say 'la mortalité.' Even if you cannot use it in a long sentence yet, remember that it ends in '-ité,' just like 'université' or 'activité.' This will help you remember it is a noun. For now, just think: 'mortalité' = talking about death in a general or scientific way. You might hear it on the news when they talk about the 'taux de mortalité' (death rate), which is basically a way to count how many people die in a city or a country. It is a serious word for serious topics. If you are reading a very simple book about nature, you might see it used for animals. For example, if many bees die, the book might say 'la mortalité des abeilles.' Just focus on the fact that it is a noun and it is feminine. You don't need to worry about complex grammar with it yet. Just see it as a label for the concept of death. It is a good word to know because it appears in many places, like health reports or history lessons. Even at A1, knowing this word makes you look like you understand more advanced French. It is one of those words that is almost the same in English (mortality), which makes it easy to learn! Just remember the French pronunciation: mor-ta-li-té. Every syllable is clear. Practice saying it a few times. It is a useful word to have in your 'passive' vocabulary, meaning you understand it when you see it, even if you don't use it when you speak.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about more social topics, like health and the environment. This is where 'mortalité' becomes useful. You can use it to describe simple facts you see in the news. For example, you can say 'La mortalité diminue' (Mortality is decreasing) or 'La mortalité est haute' (Mortality is high). Notice how we use the feminine adjective 'haute' because 'mortalité' is feminine. You should also learn the phrase 'le taux de mortalité' (the death rate). This is the most common way to use the word. You can use it to talk about history, like 'Le taux de mortalité était élevé pendant la guerre' (The death rate was high during the war). It is a more professional word than 'mort.' If you use 'mortalité,' you sound more like an adult talking about society. You will also see this word when talking about nature and animals. If you are doing a project on the environment, you might talk about 'la mortalité des poissons' (fish mortality) in polluted rivers. It is a very useful word for describing trends. Remember, you don't use 'mortalité' for one person. You don't say 'la mortalité de mon grand-père.' That is wrong! You say 'le décès' or 'la mort.' 'Mortalité' is for groups of people or animals. It is a statistical word. When you listen to the news in French, try to catch this word. They often use it with words like 'infantile' (for babies) or 'routière' (for car accidents). 'La mortalité routière' is a big topic in France. By learning this word, you can understand more of what people are talking about when they discuss safety and health. It is a great 'bridge' word that takes you from basic French to more interesting, real-world topics. Practice writing a few sentences about your country's death rate or a historical event using this word. It will help you feel more confident with formal French.

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At the B1 level, 'mortalité' is a word you should be able to use comfortably in discussions about society, health, and ethics. You are now expected to express opinions and describe complex situations. You can use 'mortalité' to talk about public policy. For example, 'Le gouvernement doit agir pour réduire la mortalité routière.' This shows you understand how the word functions in a formal, goal-oriented sentence. You should also be aware of common collocations like 'mortalité infantile' or 'mortalité précoce.' At this level, you can start using it to compare different situations. 'La mortalité est plus élevée dans cette région à cause de la pollution.' This involves using the word as part of a cause-and-effect explanation, which is a key B1 skill. You should also understand the nuance between 'mortalité' and 'létalité.' While 'mortalité' is the general rate of death in a population, 'létalité' is the rate of death among those who have a specific disease. Using these correctly shows you have a precise vocabulary. You might also encounter 'mortalité' in literature or philosophy at this level. When reading a text about the 'condition humaine,' you will see 'mortalité' used to describe the fact that we are all going to die. It is an abstract concept here. You should be able to follow a debate on the radio about 'la surmortalité' during a heatwave. This means 'excess mortality'—more deaths than usual. Being able to use and understand 'mortalité' in these different contexts—statistical, social, and philosophical—is a hallmark of a B1 learner. It allows you to participate in conversations about the world around you in a sophisticated way. Make sure you are comfortable with the feminine gender of the word and can pair it with the right verbs like 'augmenter,' 'baisser,' or 'stabiliser.' This word will frequently appear in your reading comprehension exercises, especially if they are based on newspaper articles or scientific reports.

At the B2 level, your understanding of 'mortalité' should be quite nuanced. You are no longer just using it as a synonym for 'death rate'; you understand it as a complex demographic and sociological indicator. You should be able to use it in formal essays or debates to argue a point. For instance, you might discuss how 'les inégalités sociales face à la mortalité' (social inequalities regarding mortality) reflect broader issues in a country's healthcare system. This involves using the word in a complex noun phrase. You should also be familiar with technical terms like 'table de mortalité' used in insurance or 'mortalité évitable' (avoidable mortality) in public health policy. At B2, you are expected to handle more abstract discussions. You might analyze a poem or a philosophical text where 'mortalité' is contrasted with 'éternité' or 'immortalité.' You should be able to explain the implications of a 'baisse de la mortalité infantile' on a country's demographic transition. This requires a strong grasp of both the word and the concepts surrounding it. You should also be able to use the word in the passive voice or in more complex grammatical structures, such as 'La mortalité, bien que réduite par les progrès médicaux, reste un sujet de préoccupation.' Furthermore, you should be sensitive to the register. While 'mortalité' is standard in formal and academic contexts, you would know when to use more specific terms like 'taux de létalité' or 'bilan humain.' You should also be able to understand and use 'surmortalité' in the context of statistical analysis, explaining why a certain event caused a spike in deaths. Your ability to integrate 'mortalité' into a wide range of topics—from environmental science to political economy—demonstrates a high level of linguistic competence. You should also be able to recognize when the word is being used metaphorically, such as 'la mortalité des entreprises' (the failure rate of businesses), showing you can apply the concept of 'death' to abstract entities like companies.

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At the C1 level, you have a masterly command of 'mortalité' and its many layers of meaning. You can use it with precision in academic writing, professional reports, or high-level intellectual discussions. You understand the subtle differences between 'mortalité,' 'mortalité brute,' and 'mortalité standardisée.' You can discuss 'les déterminants de la mortalité' (the determinants of mortality) in a sociological context, exploring how factors like education, income, and environment interact to influence life expectancy. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'morbidité,' 'sénescence,' and 'finitude,' and you can use them to create a rich, textured argument. In a literary context, you can analyze how an author uses the theme of 'mortalité' to explore the human psyche or societal anxieties. You are also aware of the historical evolution of the word and its usage. You can interpret complex statistical data presented in French, such as 'courbes de mortalité,' and explain them to others. You are comfortable using 'mortalité' in idiomatic or highly formal expressions. For example, you might write about 'l'inéluctable mortalité de toute civilisation' (the inevitable mortality of every civilization), applying a demographic term to a historical and philosophical concept. You can also navigate the ethical dimensions of the word, discussing 'la mortalité assistée' or other sensitive topics with the appropriate tone and vocabulary. Your command of the word allows you to be both precise and evocative. You can switch between the clinical tone of a scientist and the reflective tone of a philosopher with ease. You are also aware of regional variations in how mortality data is discussed across the French-speaking world (the Francophonie). At this level, 'mortalité' is not just a word in your dictionary; it is a versatile tool that you can use to dissect and describe the most fundamental aspects of life and society.

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At the C2 level, your proficiency with the word 'mortalité' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You possess a complete understanding of its etymological roots in Latin 'mortalitas' and how this history informs its current usage. You can engage in deep philosophical inquiries into 'la conscience de la mortalité' as a defining characteristic of the human species, perhaps referencing existentialist thinkers like Sartre or Heidegger in French. You are capable of writing a thesis or a professional white paper that uses 'mortalité' as a central metric, handling the statistical nuances with absolute accuracy. You can use the word in highly sophisticated rhetorical structures, such as 'C’est dans l’ombre de sa propre mortalité que l’homme érige les monuments les plus durables de sa culture.' Your understanding extends to the most technical applications of the word in fields like actuarial science, where you can discuss 'l'ajustement des tables de mortalité' in the context of increasing life expectancy. You also recognize the word's presence in the most subtle literary metaphors, where 'mortalité' might represent the decay of an era, an ideology, or a relationship. You are adept at using the word to navigate highly sensitive cultural and ethical terrains, such as discussions on bioethics, end-of-life care, or global health disparities. You can critique the way 'mortalité' is framed in the media, identifying biases or oversimplifications in how death rates are reported. Your mastery is such that you can play with the word, perhaps using it in a dry, ironic sense or in a deeply moving eulogy. For you, 'mortalité' is a word that encapsulates the entire span of human knowledge—from the hard data of science to the profound mysteries of philosophy and art. You use it with total confidence, precision, and elegance, regardless of the complexity of the subject matter.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

mortalité 30秒で

Mortalité is a feminine noun meaning 'mortality' or 'death rate'.
It is used in statistics, medicine, and philosophy to discuss the frequency of death.
Commonly paired with 'taux' (rate), as in 'taux de mortalité'.
Essential for B1 learners to discuss social issues like health and safety.

The French word mortalité is a feminine noun that serves as a cornerstone for discussing the biological reality of death and the statistical measurement of life spans. At its most basic level, it refers to the state of being mortal—the inescapable fact that all living things eventually die. However, in contemporary French, you will most frequently encounter it in a sociological or scientific context, specifically referring to the taux de mortalité (death rate). This term is essential for anyone reading news reports about public health, demographics, or history. Unlike the word 'mort' (death), which often refers to the event of dying or the state of being dead, mortalité carries a more abstract or collective weight. It is the phenomenon of death viewed through a lens of frequency, probability, or existential philosophy.

Demographic Context: In statistics, it describes the number of deaths in a given period or place. For example, researchers study 'la mortalité infantile' to gauge a nation's healthcare quality.

When you hear a philosopher speak of 'la mortalité humaine,' they are discussing the fragility of life. This nuance is vital for B1 learners because it allows you to transition from simple sentences about specific events to broader discussions about society and human nature. It is a formal word but not an obscure one. You will find it in newspapers like Le Monde when they discuss the impact of a heatwave or a new medical discovery. It is also used in insurance contexts, where 'tables de mortalité' help determine policy rates. Understanding this word helps you navigate the intersection of science, law, and philosophy in the French-speaking world.

La mortalité routière a fortement diminué grâce aux nouvelles limitations de vitesse.

Philosophical Usage: It refers to the finite nature of existence. Poets often contrast 'mortalité' with 'immortalité' to highlight the beauty of the fleeting moment.

In everyday conversation, you might not use 'mortalité' to describe a single person's passing—you would use 'décès' or 'mort' for that. Instead, you use it when talking about trends. If a disease is particularly dangerous, a doctor might say it has a high 'taux de létalité' (case fatality rate) or contributes to general 'mortalité'. This distinction is crucial for achieving a B1 level of fluency, as it shows you can distinguish between individual experiences and collective data. Furthermore, the word appears in compound terms like 'mortalité prématurée' (premature mortality), which is a frequent topic in environmental and health debates regarding pollution and lifestyle choices.

Les scientifiques étudient la mortalité des abeilles pour comprendre les effets des pesticides.

Finally, the word is used in biology to describe the death of cells or specific organisms within an ecosystem. For instance, the 'mortalité des coraux' (coral mortality) is a major concern in discussions about climate change. By mastering this word, you gain access to a wide range of academic and professional discussions. It is a word that bridges the gap between the cold hard facts of data and the deeply emotional reality of life's end. Whether you are analyzing a graph in a geography class or reading a novel by Albert Camus, 'mortalité' will appear as a key concept representing the limit of our physical presence in the world.

Using mortalité correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role and its common pairings. As a feminine noun, it is preceded by 'la', 'une', or 'cette'. It often acts as the subject of verbs related to movement or change, such as augmenter (to increase), diminuer (to decrease), or chuter (to fall). For example, you might say, 'La mortalité a baissé cette année.' This structure is common in news reports. It can also be used as an object, particularly after verbs like étudier (to study), mesurer (to measure), or réduire (to reduce). When you want to specify who or what is dying, you use the preposition 'des' or 'chez'.

With Prepositions: 'La mortalité chez les personnes âgées' (Mortality among the elderly) or 'La mortalité due au tabagisme' (Mortality due to smoking).

Adjectives are frequently used to modify 'mortalité' to provide more specific information. Common adjectives include infantile (infant), maternelle (maternal), précoce (early/premature), and excessive (excess). Note that because 'mortalité' is feminine, these adjectives must agree in gender. While 'infantile' and 'précoce' look the same in masculine and feminine, 'maternelle' is the feminine form of 'maternel'. This is a great way for B1 learners to practice adjective agreement in a formal context. Furthermore, 'mortalité' is often the first part of a compound noun phrase, such as 'le taux de mortalité' (the mortality rate).

Le gouvernement cherche des solutions pour réduire la mortalité infantile dans les zones rurales.

In more literary or philosophical contexts, 'mortalité' can be used without a specific modifier to discuss the human condition. For instance, 'Conscient de sa mortalité, l'homme cherche un sens à sa vie.' (Aware of his mortality, man seeks meaning in his life). Here, it functions as a deep, conceptual noun. You can also use it in the plural, 'les mortalités', though this is much rarer and usually refers to different types or instances of mortality in a technical sense. For B1 students, sticking to the singular 'la mortalité' is almost always the correct choice. It is also helpful to pair it with 'espérance de vie' (life expectancy) to discuss demographics comprehensively.

Common Verb Pairings: Lutter contre la mortalité (to fight against mortality/death rates), Observer une hausse de la mortalité (to observe an increase in mortality).

Another important usage is in the context of 'mortalité routière' (road mortality/deaths). This is a very common term in France due to the government's high-profile campaigns for road safety. If you are watching the news and hear about 'le bilan de la mortalité routière du mois de juillet,' they are talking about how many people died in car accidents during that month. This shows how the word moves from high-level statistics to very practical, everyday safety concerns. By using 'mortalité' instead of 'morts' in these contexts, you sound more like a native speaker who understands the formal registers of the language.

La mortalité est un sujet tabou dans certaines cultures, mais essentiel en médecine.

You will encounter mortalité in several specific environments, ranging from the evening news to university lecture halls. One of the most common places is in the media, particularly during reports on public health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, for instance, the word 'mortalité' was used daily to describe the impact of the virus on different age groups. Journalists often compare 'le taux de mortalité' of different countries to evaluate the effectiveness of their healthcare systems. If you listen to French radio stations like France Info or France Inter, you will hear experts discussing 'la surmortalité' (excess mortality), which refers to more deaths than expected during a specific period.

In the News: Reports on 'la mortalité hivernale' (winter mortality) often focus on the flu or the impact of cold weather on the homeless population.

In the academic and professional world, 'mortalité' is a standard term in biology, ecology, and medicine. A doctor might explain the 'risque de mortalité' associated with a certain surgery. An ecologist might give a presentation on the 'mortalité massive des poissons' (massive fish die-off) due to water pollution. In these settings, the word is used with clinical precision. If you are a student in France or a French-speaking country, you will see this word in textbooks for biology, history (when discussing plagues or wars), and sociology. It is a word that signals you are dealing with serious, data-driven information rather than casual anecdotes.

Le présentateur a annoncé une baisse historique de la mortalité infantile dans le monde.

Another interesting place where 'mortalité' is heard is in the insurance and banking sectors. When applying for a 'prêt immobilier' (mortgage), the bank often requires 'assurance emprunteur' (loan insurance). The cost of this insurance is calculated based on 'tables de mortalité'. While you might not hear the word in every conversation with your banker, it is the underlying concept for the documents you sign. Similarly, in political debates, you might hear candidates talk about 'la mortalité au travail' (workplace deaths) when discussing labor laws and safety regulations. This demonstrates that the word is deeply embedded in the administrative and political life of France.

In Literature and Art: Classic French literature, from Pascal to Bossuet, often reflects on 'la condition de mortalité' as a central theme of human existence.

Finally, you will hear 'mortalité' in environmental activism. With the increasing awareness of the 'sixième extinction' (sixth extinction), activists and scientists frequently speak about the 'mortalité des espèces' (species mortality). Whether it's the disappearance of bees or the bleaching of coral reefs, 'mortalité' is the word used to quantify the loss of life in the natural world. In summary, if the topic is serious, statistical, or existential, 'mortalité' is the word you will hear. It is a versatile term that covers everything from the smallest cell to the entire human race, and hearing it used correctly will help you grasp the gravity of the subject being discussed.

À la radio, l'expert a discuté de la mortalité liée à la pollution de l'air en ville.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing mortalité with the simple word 'mort' (death). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Mort' refers to the event or the state, as in 'La mort de son chat l'a rendu triste' (The death of his cat made him sad). You cannot say 'La mortalité de son chat' in this context because 'mortalité' refers to the general state of being subject to death or a statistical rate. Using 'mortalité' for an individual's passing sounds very strange and overly clinical, almost as if you are treating the person as a data point rather than a human being.

Mortalité vs. Mort: Use 'mort' for the event: 'Sa mort fut soudaine.' Use 'mortalité' for the rate: 'La mortalité a augmenté.'

Another common error is related to gender. Since many English words ending in '-ty' are neutral, learners often forget that French words ending in '-ité' are almost always feminine. Saying 'le mortalité' is a clear marker of a beginner. Always pair it with feminine articles and ensure that any accompanying adjectives are also in the feminine form. For example, 'une mortalité élevée' (high mortality) is correct, whereas 'un mortalité élevé' is incorrect. This mistake is easy to fix but requires conscious effort when speaking quickly.

Faux: Le mortalité est haut. Correct: La mortalité est élevée.

Learners also sometimes confuse 'mortalité' with 'natalité' (birth rate) or 'morbidité' (morbidity/illness rate). While they often appear together in demographic discussions, they mean opposite or different things. 'Natalité' is about births, while 'mortalité' is about deaths. 'Morbidité' refers to the prevalence of a disease, not necessarily the deaths it causes. Confusing these can lead to significant misunderstandings in technical or medical discussions. It is helpful to visualize a chart: 'natalité' is the line going up (new lives), and 'mortalité' is the line representing the end of lives.

Mortalité vs. Létalité: 'Mortalité' is deaths in a whole population. 'Létalité' is deaths among those specifically infected by a disease.

Finally, a subtle mistake is using 'mortalité' when 'meurtre' (murder) or 'homicide' is intended. If you want to say 'The murder rate is high,' you should say 'Le taux d'homicides est élevé.' Using 'mortalité' in this context is too broad; it would include deaths from all causes, including natural ones. Precision is key at the B1 level. When you use 'mortalité', you are talking about the fact of death in a general or statistical sense. Make sure your context matches this broad definition to avoid sounding imprecise or confusing your listeners.

Attention: Ne confondez pas mortalité (statistique globale) et décès (mort individuelle).

Understanding the synonyms and alternatives for mortalité allows you to vary your language and adapt to different levels of formality. The most direct synonym in a statistical context is le taux de décès, though 'mortalité' remains the more standard demographic term. If you are discussing the end of life in a more poetic or elevated way, you might use le trépas. This is a very formal, almost archaic word for death. Using it in a casual conversation would be out of place, but you will see it in classical literature or very formal eulogies. It emphasizes the transition from life to death.

Formal Alternatives: 'Le décès' is the standard administrative word for a person's death. 'La finitude' refers to the philosophical state of being finite or mortal.

Another related word is létalité. As mentioned before, this is a technical term used in medicine. While 'mortalité' looks at the whole population, 'létalité' looks at the percentage of people who die from a specific disease. For example, 'La rage a une létalité de presque 100%.' (Rabies has a fatality rate of almost 100%). If you are discussing health risks, using 'létalité' shows a high level of vocabulary precision. For more general discussions about things that cause death, you might use the adjective mortel (deadly) or the noun hécatombe (slaughter/massacre), which describes a very high number of deaths in a short time.

Le mot décès est plus courant pour parler d'une personne précise que le mot mortalité.

In discussions about the human condition, la condition humaine or le caractère éphémère (ephemeral nature) of life are good alternatives to 'mortalité'. They convey the same idea of being subject to death but with a more emotional or philosophical tone. For instance, 'L'artiste explore le caractère éphémère de la beauté.' Instead of just saying 'the mortality of beauty,' this phrasing sounds more natural in an art critique. For B1 learners, mastering these nuances helps you move beyond simple factual statements into more nuanced expression.

Comparison: Mortalité vs. Morbidité: 'Mortalité' measures deaths; 'Morbidité' measures the state of being ill or the prevalence of a disease in a population.

Finally, consider the word disparition (disappearance). In French, this is a common euphemism for death, especially in newspaper headlines or when speaking about famous people. 'La disparition de cet acteur a ému la France.' While 'mortalité' is about the statistic, 'disparition' is about the loss. By choosing the right word from this family of terms, you can ensure your French is not only grammatically correct but also socially and contextually appropriate. Whether you need the clinical precision of 'létalité' or the poetic weight of 'finitude', you now have the tools to replace 'mortalité' when necessary.

On parle de surmortalité quand le nombre de morts dépasse la moyenne habituelle.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'mortalité' has been used in French since the 12th century, originally appearing in religious texts to remind people of their earthly limits.

発音ガイド

UK /mɔʁ.ta.li.te/

US /mɔr.tɑ.li.te/

The stress is even across all syllables, with a slight emphasis on the final 'té'.

韻が合う語

santé liberté été volonté société vérité activité beauté

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r'.
Making the final 'é' sound like an 'ee' sound.
Stress on the first syllable.
Swallowing the 'l' sound.
Pronouncing the 't' too softly.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the English cognate 'mortality'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of feminine agreement and formal context.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation of the 'r' and 'é' can be tricky for beginners.

リスニング 2/5

Very clear syllables make it easy to hear in news reports.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

mort vie santé taux diminuer

次に学ぶ

natalité morbidité espérance de vie démographie épidémiologie

上級

finitude sénescence létalité thanatologie euthanasie

知っておくべき文法

Feminine nouns ending in -ité

La liberté, la fraternité, la mortalité.

Adjective agreement with feminine nouns

Une mortalité élevée (not élevé).

Using 'de' for possession and rates

Le taux de mortalité (The rate of mortality).

Prepositions with groups (chez)

La mortalité chez les jeunes.

Pluralizing compound terms

Les taux de mortalité (The rates of mortality).

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レベル別の例文

La mortalité est un mot pour la mort.

Mortality is a word for death.

'La' is used because 'mortalité' is feminine.

Il y a une grande mortalité ici.

There is a high mortality here.

'Grande' agrees with the feminine 'mortalité'.

La mortalité des fleurs est triste.

The mortality of flowers is sad.

Possessive 'des' used for plural 'fleurs'.

Le docteur étudie la mortalité.

The doctor studies mortality.

Direct object 'la mortalité'.

La mortalité change chaque année.

Mortality changes every year.

Third person singular verb 'change'.

C'est la mortalité naturelle.

It is natural mortality.

Adjective 'naturelle' is feminine.

La mortalité est basse dans ce pays.

Mortality is low in this country.

Adjective 'basse' is feminine.

On parle de la mortalité à l'école.

We talk about mortality at school.

Preposition 'de' + 'la'.

Le taux de mortalité a baissé cette année.

The death rate has dropped this year.

Past tense with 'avoir' + 'baissé'.

Les scientifiques observent la mortalité des abeilles.

Scientists are observing bee mortality.

Plural subject 'Les scientifiques'.

La mortalité infantile est un problème grave.

Infant mortality is a serious problem.

'Infantile' modifies 'mortalité'.

Ils veulent réduire la mortalité routière.

They want to reduce road mortality.

Infinitive 'réduire' after 'veulent'.

La mortalité est plus forte en hiver.

Mortality is higher in winter.

Comparative 'plus forte'.

On étudie la mortalité dans les villes.

We study mortality in cities.

Preposition 'dans' for location.

Cette maladie cause une forte mortalité.

This disease causes high mortality.

Verb 'cause' (to cause).

La mortalité est un sujet important.

Mortality is an important subject.

Noun phrase 'un sujet important'.

La mortalité précoce est souvent liée au tabagisme.

Premature mortality is often linked to smoking.

Passive structure 'est liée'.

Il y a une corrélation entre pauvreté et mortalité.

There is a correlation between poverty and mortality.

Use of 'entre' for correlation.

La mortalité a chuté grâce aux vaccins.

Mortality has plummeted thanks to vaccines.

'Grâce à' indicates a positive cause.

L'espérance de vie augmente quand la mortalité baisse.

Life expectancy increases when mortality decreases.

Conjunction 'quand' linking two clauses.

Le rapport analyse la mortalité maternelle dans le monde.

The report analyzes maternal mortality in the world.

Adjective 'maternelle' (feminine of maternel).

La mortalité hospitalière doit être surveillée de près.

Hospital mortality must be closely monitored.

Adverbial phrase 'de près'.

Les philosophes méditent sur la mortalité humaine.

Philosophers meditate on human mortality.

Preposition 'sur' indicating the topic.

La mortalité animale est affectée par le climat.

Animal mortality is affected by the climate.

Adjective 'affectée' agrees with 'mortalité'.

La surmortalité enregistrée cet été est due à la canicule.

The excess mortality recorded this summer is due to the heatwave.

'Surmortalité' is a common B2 prefix usage.

On observe une disparité de mortalité selon les classes sociales.

A disparity in mortality is observed according to social classes.

'Selon' indicates 'according to'.

Les progrès de l'hygiène ont réduit la mortalité infectieuse.

Advances in hygiene have reduced infectious mortality.

Compound subject 'Les progrès de l'hygiène'.

La mortalité néonatale reste un défi pour ce pays.

Neonatal mortality remains a challenge for this country.

Specific medical adjective 'néonatale'.

Les assureurs utilisent des tables de mortalité précises.

Insurers use precise mortality tables.

Technical phrase 'tables de mortalité'.

La mortalité au travail est un enjeu politique majeur.

Workplace mortality is a major political issue.

Noun phrase 'un enjeu politique majeur'.

Certains pays font face à une mortalité croissante.

Some countries are facing increasing mortality.

Adjective 'croissante' (growing).

La mortalité évitable pourrait être réduite par la prévention.

Avoidable mortality could be reduced through prevention.

Conditional mood 'pourrait être'.

L'étude souligne les déterminants socio-économiques de la mortalité.

The study highlights the socio-economic determinants of mortality.

Complex adjective 'socio-économiques'.

La mortalité différentielle entre hommes et femmes s'explique par divers facteurs.

The differential mortality between men and women is explained by various factors.

Pronominal verb 's'explique'.

Il existe une forte corrélation entre le niveau d'instruction et la mortalité.

There is a strong correlation between education level and mortality.

Impersonal 'Il existe'.

La mortalité est appréhendée ici sous un angle purement démographique.

Mortality is understood here from a purely demographic perspective.

Past participle 'appréhendée' (understood/grasped).

La baisse de la mortalité a entraîné un vieillissement de la population.

The drop in mortality has led to an aging of the population.

Verb 'entraîner' (to lead to/result in).

La mortalité par cancer a connu des évolutions contrastées.

Cancer mortality has seen contrasting developments.

Preposition 'par' indicating the cause.

Les politiques publiques visent à infléchir la courbe de mortalité.

Public policies aim to bend the mortality curve.

Infinitive 'infléchir' (to bend/change direction).

La mortalité est le miroir des failles de notre système de santé.

Mortality is the mirror of the flaws in our healthcare system.

Metaphorical use of 'miroir'.

L'inéluctabilité de la mortalité hante la littérature existentialiste.

The inevitability of mortality haunts existentialist literature.

Complex noun 'inéluctabilité'.

L'ajustement des tables de mortalité est crucial pour la viabilité des fonds de pension.

Adjusting mortality tables is crucial for the viability of pension funds.

Technical financial context.

La mortalité n'est pas qu'un chiffre ; elle est le cri d'une société en souffrance.

Mortality is not just a number; it is the cry of a suffering society.

Negative 'ne... pas que' (not just).

On assiste à une compression de la mortalité aux âges les plus avancés.

We are witnessing a compression of mortality at the most advanced ages.

Specific demographic term 'compression'.

La mortalité périnatale demeure un indicateur de développement humain prédominant.

Perinatal mortality remains a predominant indicator of human development.

Adjective 'prédominant'.

La philosophie nous enjoint d'accepter notre mortalité pour mieux vivre.

Philosophy enjoins us to accept our mortality in order to live better.

Verb 'enjoindre' (to enjoin/order).

La mortalité est ici analysée à travers le prisme de l'épidémiologie sociale.

Mortality is analyzed here through the prism of social epidemiology.

Metaphor 'à travers le prisme'.

La surmortalité masculine s'estompe progressivement avec l'évolution des modes de vie.

Male excess mortality is gradually fading with the evolution of lifestyles.

Pronominal verb 's'estomper' (to fade).

よく使う組み合わせ

taux de mortalité

mortalité infantile

mortalité routière

mortalité précoce

mortalité maternelle

surmortalité

table de mortalité

mortalité animale

risque de mortalité

mortalité évitable

よく使うフレーズ

Lutter contre la mortalité

— To take actions to reduce the number of deaths.

L'ONU veut lutter contre la mortalité infantile.

Réduire la mortalité

— To decrease the death rate through policy or medicine.

Les nouveaux freins vont réduire la mortalité routière.

Une hausse de la mortalité

— An increase in the number of deaths.

On observe une hausse de la mortalité hivernale.

La condition de mortalité

— The state of being human and therefore mortal.

Il réfléchit à la condition de mortalité.

Mortalité par habitant

— Death rate per capita.

La mortalité par habitant varie selon les régions.

Causes de mortalité

— The reasons why people are dying.

Quelles sont les principales causes de mortalité ?

Mortalité hospitalière

— Death rate within a hospital setting.

La mortalité hospitalière est très basse ici.

Mortalité néonatale

— Death rate of newborns.

La mortalité néonatale est une priorité médicale.

Faire face à sa mortalité

— To confront the fact that one will die.

Il a dû faire face à sa mortalité après l'accident.

Impact sur la mortalité

— The effect something has on the death rate.

La pollution a un impact direct sur la mortalité.

よく混同される語

mortalité vs mort

Mort is the event or state of being dead; mortalité is the rate or quality of being subject to death.

mortalité vs létalité

Létalité is specifically the proportion of deaths among people with a certain disease.

mortalité vs natalité

Natalité refers to birth rates, whereas mortalité refers to death rates.

慣用句と表現

"Passer de vie à trépas"

— To die (literally to pass from life to death).

Le vieux roi est passé de vie à trépas.

literary

"Rendre l'âme"

— To give up the ghost; to die.

Il a rendu l'âme paisiblement.

neutral

"Sauter le pas"

— Sometimes used metaphorically for death, but usually means taking a big step.

Il a sauté le pas vers l'inconnu.

informal

"Casser sa pipe"

— To kick the bucket; to die.

Le voisin a cassé sa pipe hier.

slang

"Manger les pissenlits par la racine"

— To be pushing up daisies; to be dead and buried.

Il mange les pissenlits par la racine depuis dix ans.

informal

"S'éteindre"

— To pass away quietly (like a candle going out).

Elle s'est éteinte entourée de sa famille.

formal

"Faire le grand voyage"

— To go on the 'great journey' (death).

Il est parti pour le grand voyage.

euphemistic

"Aller au bout du chemin"

— To reach the end of the road/life.

Il est arrivé au bout du chemin.

poetic

"Rejoindre ses ancêtres"

— To join one's ancestors; to die.

Il a rejoint ses ancêtres dans la paix.

traditional

"Être entre quatre planches"

— To be in a coffin (between four boards).

Il finira entre quatre planches comme tout le monde.

informal

間違えやすい

mortalité vs Morbidité

Both start with 'mor-' and relate to health.

Mortalité is about death; morbidité is about the state of being diseased or the rate of sickness.

La morbidité est forte, mais la mortalité est faible.

mortalité vs Meurtre

Both involve people dying.

Meurtre is the illegal act of killing; mortalité is the general statistic of deaths.

Le meurtre est un crime, la mortalité est une donnée.

mortalité vs Décès

Both mean death.

Décès is usually for a specific person's death in a formal way; mortalité is for a population.

Le nombre de décès influence la mortalité.

mortalité vs Fatalité

Both sound similar in English/French.

Fatalité usually means 'destiny' or 'inevitability' (fate), not necessarily the death rate.

C'est une fatalité, on ne peut rien y faire.

mortalité vs Immortalité

They are opposites.

Immortalité is living forever; mortalité is the fact of dying.

Il rêve d'immortalité car il craint sa mortalité.

文型パターン

La mortalité est [adjective].

La mortalité est basse.

Le taux de mortalité a [verb].

Le taux de mortalité a baissé.

Il faut réduire la mortalité [adjective].

Il faut réduire la mortalité routière.

La mortalité due à [noun] est [adjective].

La mortalité due au virus est inquiétante.

On observe une [noun] de la mortalité.

On observe une recrudescence de la mortalité.

La mortalité chez les [group] est de [number] %.

La mortalité chez les fumeurs est de 20 %.

La mortalité s'inscrit dans un contexte de [noun].

La mortalité s'inscrit dans un contexte de crise sanitaire.

L'analyse de la mortalité révèle [noun].

L'analyse de la mortalité révèle des failles structurelles.

語族

名詞

mort (death)

mortel (mortal man)

immortalité (immortality)

décès (death/passing)

動詞

mourir (to die)

mortaliser (rare - to make mortal)

immortaliser (to immortalize)

形容詞

mortel (deadly/mortal)

immortel (immortal)

mort-né (stillborn)

mortuaire (mortuary)

使い方

frequency

Common in news, science, and academic writing; rare in casual gossip.

よくある間違い

Using 'le mortalité' → la mortalité
Mortalité is a feminine noun. Using the masculine article is a common error.
La mortalité de mon ami → Le décès de mon ami
Mortalité is for statistics or general concepts, not for specific individuals.
Une mortalité élevé → Une mortalité élevée
Adjectives must agree with the feminine noun 'mortalité'.
Confusing mortalité and natalité → Use mortalité for deaths and natalité for births.
In demographic discussions, these are opposites but often used together.
Using mortalité for 'murder rate' → taux d'homicides
Mortalité includes all deaths, whereas murder is a specific criminal category.

ヒント

Gender Memory

Remember the '-ité' rule. Almost all abstract nouns with this ending are feminine. This helps you with 'liberté', 'égalité', and 'mortalité'.

The 'Taux' Pair

Always learn 'taux' and 'mortalité' together. You will rarely see one without the other in news articles.

Individual vs. Group

Use 'mortalité' for the forest, and 'mort' or 'décès' for the tree. It’s a collective concept.

News Listening

When you hear 'bilan' on the news, listen for 'mortalité' right after. It usually refers to accident or health reports.

Adjective Agreement

Double-check your adjectives! 'Mortalité' is feminine, so 'élevé' becomes 'élevée'.

Environmental Use

Use this word when discussing the decline of bees or coral reefs in French essays.

Existentialism

In philosophy, 'mortalité' is about the human condition. Use it when discussing life's meaning.

Clinical Tone

In a hospital, 'mortalité' is used for statistics. It helps separate data from emotion.

Insurance Context

If you see 'tables de mortalité' in a bank document, it's about life expectancy for a loan.

Clear Ending

Make sure the final 'té' is distinct. Don't let it fade into the background.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Mortality' in English—they are almost identical! Just add the French flair with 'té' at the end. Remember: 'Mort' is the root, and '-ité' makes it a formal noun.

視覚的連想

Imagine a hospital chart with a line going down. The line is 'la mortalité' decreasing. Or imagine a skull (mort) sitting on a pile of statistics (ité).

Word Web

Mort Mourir Taux Santé Hôpital Statistiques Humain Vie

チャレンジ

Try to use 'mortalité' in a sentence about your favorite video game or movie where characters die. For example: 'La mortalité est élevée dans Game of Thrones!'

語源

Derived from the Latin word 'mortalitas', which comes from 'mortalis' (mortal). This in turn stems from 'mors' (death). The suffix '-ité' corresponds to the Latin '-itas', used to form abstract nouns of quality.

元の意味： The state of being subject to death.

Romance (Latin)

文化的な背景

As the word relates to death, it should be used with respect. Avoid using it to describe the passing of a specific friend or family member.

English speakers use 'mortality' similarly, but in French, it is much more common in daily news broadcasts regarding traffic safety.

Albert Camus' 'La Peste' (The Plague) explores mass mortality. The INSEE (French National Statistics) reports on mortality are cited weekly. The 'Table de Mortalité' is a standard concept in French law and insurance.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Public Health

taux de mortalité infantile
mortalité prématurée
causes de mortalité
réduire la mortalité

Road Safety

mortalité routière
bilan de la mortalité
sécurité routière
accidents mortels

Ecology

mortalité des abeilles
mortalité des espèces
écosystème en danger
perte de biodiversité

Philosophy

condition humaine
conscience de la mortalité
nature éphémère
finitude de l'existence

Insurance

tables de mortalité
risque de décès
espérance de vie
prime d'assurance

会話のきっかけ

"Pensez-vous que la mortalité routière va baisser avec les voitures autonomes ?"

"Comment peut-on réduire la mortalité infantile dans les pays en développement ?"

"Est-ce que la mortalité est un sujet dont on parle assez à l'école ?"

"Quel impact a la pollution sur la mortalité dans votre ville ?"

"Pourquoi le taux de mortalité varie-t-il autant entre les pays ?"

日記のテーマ

Réfléchissez à l'importance de connaître le taux de mortalité pour un gouvernement.

Comment la perception de la mortalité a-t-elle changé avec les progrès de la médecine ?

Décrivez une campagne de sensibilisation pour réduire la mortalité routière.

Pourquoi est-il important d'étudier la mortalité des abeilles aujourd'hui ?

Que signifie pour vous la 'condition de mortalité' de l'être humain ?

よくある質問

10 問

It is always feminine: 'la mortalité'. This is typical for French nouns ending in '-ité'.

No, that would sound very cold. Use 'le décès' or 'la mort' for a specific person.

It means 'the death rate,' which is the number of deaths in a population over a specific time.

Yes, it is very common in ecology, like 'la mortalité des oiseaux'.

It means 'excess mortality,' or a higher number of deaths than what is normally expected.

Yes, it is considered B1 because it is necessary for discussing social issues and reading the news.

It is 'la mortalité infantile'.

Technically yes ('les mortalités'), but it is very rare and used only in specialized scientific comparisons.

It mostly means 'mortality.' 'Fatality' in a specific accident is often translated as 'mort' or 'victime'.

It refers to the number of people who die in road accidents.

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