die Pflicht 30초 만에
- Pflicht means duty or obligation.
- It is a feminine noun: die Pflicht.
- Common in legal, moral, and social contexts.
- Essential for B1 level and higher German.
The German noun die Pflicht (plural: die Pflichten) is a cornerstone of German social and legal structure. At its core, it translates to 'duty' or 'obligation.' However, the nuance extends far beyond a simple task. It represents a moral, legal, or social necessity that one is bound to perform. In German culture, the concept of Pflicht is deeply intertwined with reliability and the functioning of the community. Whether it is the Schulpflicht (compulsory education) or the Sorgfaltspflicht (duty of care), the word implies a commitment that is not optional.
- Legal Context
- Refers to statutory requirements such as paying taxes or following traffic laws.
- Moral Context
- Refers to internal values, such as the duty to help a friend in need or care for elderly parents.
- Social Context
- Refers to unwritten rules, like the 'Kehrwoche' (sweeping week) in certain German regions.
"Es ist meine Pflicht, die Wahrheit zu sagen, auch wenn sie unangenehm ist." (It is my duty to tell the truth, even if it is unpleasant.)
Historically, the term has roots in the idea of 'care' and 'engagement.' To have a Pflicht means you are 'engaged' with a task that society or your own conscience deems necessary. Unlike the English word 'task,' which can be trivial, a Pflicht usually carries weight. If you neglect your Pflichten, there are consequences—legal, social, or internal guilt.
"Die Pflicht ruft!" (Duty calls! – commonly used when someone has to go to work or finish a task.)
Understanding die Pflicht requires looking at the German 'Pflichtbewusstsein' (sense of duty). This is a highly valued trait in the workplace. An employee with a strong sense of duty is seen as the backbone of a company. They don't just do the job; they fulfill their Pflicht to the team and the customer.
- Grammar Note
- It is a feminine noun. Always use 'die' or 'eine'. The plural is 'Pflichten'.
"Eltern haben die Pflicht, für ihre Kinder zu sorgen." (Parents have the duty to care for their children.)
Using die Pflicht correctly involves understanding its common verb pairings. You don't just 'do' a duty; you erfüllen (fulfill), nachkommen (comply with/meet), or verletzen (violate) it. In daily conversation, it often appears in the phrase 'Es ist meine Pflicht...' or 'Ich sehe es als meine Pflicht an...'.
- Fulfilling a duty
- Seine Pflicht erfüllen / Seiner Pflicht nachkommen.
- Neglecting a duty
- Seine Pflicht vernachlässigen / verletzen.
"Er ist seiner Pflicht als Zeuge nachgekommen." (He met his duty as a witness.)
In professional settings, you will encounter compound nouns. German loves combining Pflicht with other words to create specific legal or social obligations. For example, Versicherungspflicht (obligation to have insurance) or Schweigepflicht (professional secrecy/confidentiality). These are not just suggestions; they are binding.
"Ärzte haben eine Schweigepflicht." (Doctors have a duty of confidentiality.)
When talking about school, Schulpflicht is the law that children must attend school. This is a very strong concept in Germany, where homeschooling is generally not allowed. If a child misses school without a reason, the parents are failing their Pflicht.
- Idiomatic Usage
- 'Pflicht und Kür' – borrowed from figure skating, it refers to the mandatory part (Pflicht) and the creative/optional part (Kür) of a task.
You will hear die Pflicht in news reports, legal discussions, and workplace meetings. It is a formal word but also common in serious personal conversations. In the news, you might hear about the Impfpflicht (vaccination mandate) or Meldepflicht (requirement to report certain diseases or events).
"In Deutschland besteht eine Ausweispflicht." (In Germany, there is an obligation to possess an ID card.)
In literature and philosophy, Pflicht is a massive topic. Immanuel Kant, the German philosopher, wrote extensively about the 'kategorischer Imperativ' and the idea of acting out of duty rather than inclination. This philosophical background still influences how Germans view responsibility today.
On television, especially in crime dramas (Tatort), police officers often talk about their Dienstpflicht (official duty). If an officer does something wrong, they might be accused of Pflichtverletzung (breach of duty).
- Public Announcements
- 'Bitte kommen Sie Ihrer Räumpflicht nach.' (Please fulfill your duty to clear the snow.)
One common mistake for learners is confusing Pflicht with Aufgabe. While both can mean 'task,' Pflicht is much stronger. If you say 'Es ist meine Aufgabe, den Müll rauszubringen,' it's just a chore. If you say 'Es ist meine Pflicht,' it sounds like a moral crusade or a strictly binding contract.
- Mistake 1: Gender
- Using 'der Pflicht' or 'das Pflicht'. Remember: It is always die Pflicht.
- Mistake 2: Pluralization
- Saying 'Pflichte' instead of 'Pflichten'.
Incorrect: Ich habe viele Pflichte.
Correct: Ich habe viele Pflichten.
Another mistake is using the wrong verb. Learners often say 'machen' with duty. While 'seine Pflicht machen' is occasionally heard, 'erfüllen' or 'tun' is much more idiomatic. 'Ich tue nur meine Pflicht' is the standard way to say 'I'm just doing my duty.'
There are several words related to die Pflicht that learners should know to sound more natural. Die Verpflichtung is a very close synonym, often used for contractual obligations. Die Verantwortung means 'responsibility,' which is the state of being accountable, whereas Pflicht is the specific thing you must do.
- Verpflichtung
- A commitment or obligation, often formal or financial.
- Verantwortung
- Responsibility. You have the responsibility (Verantwortung) to fulfill your duty (Pflicht).
- Soll
- In accounting or business, the 'target' or 'what should be'.
"Verantwortung zu übernehmen ist eine moralische Pflicht." (Taking responsibility is a moral duty.)
In a military or civil service context, you might hear der Dienst (the service). While Pflicht is the abstract concept, Dienst is the actual performance of that duty. If you are 'im Dienst,' you are currently fulfilling your professional Pflichten.
How Formal Is It?
발음 가이드
난이도
알아야 할 문법
Compound nouns with -pflicht
Dative verbs like 'nachkommen'
Infinitive clauses with 'zu'
수준별 예문
Schule ist eine Pflicht.
School is a duty.
Simple noun usage.
Ich habe eine Pflicht.
I have a duty.
Subject + Verb + Object.
Ist das eine Pflicht?
Is that a duty?
Question form.
Das ist keine Pflicht.
That is not a duty.
Negation with 'keine'.
Meine Pflicht ist klein.
My duty is small.
Possessive pronoun.
Deine Pflicht ist groß.
Your duty is big.
Adjective usage.
Wir haben Pflichten.
We have duties.
Plural form.
Hausaufgaben sind Pflicht.
Homework is mandatory.
Used as a predicate nominative.
Es ist meine Pflicht, zu helfen.
It is my duty to help.
Infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Hast du viele Pflichten?
Do you have many duties?
Plural 'Pflichten'.
Die Schulpflicht ist wichtig.
Compulsory education is important.
Compound noun.
Ich kenne meine Pflicht.
I know my duty.
Accusative case.
Das gehört zu meiner Pflicht.
That belongs to my duty.
Preposition 'zu' + Dative.
Er tut seine Pflicht.
He does his duty.
Verb 'tun'.
Wir lernen unsere Pflichten.
We learn our duties.
Possessive plural.
Gibt es eine Ausweispflicht?
Is there an obligation to carry ID?
Compound noun.
Jeder Bürger hat Pflichten gegenüber dem Staat.
Every citizen has duties towards the state.
Preposition 'gegenüber'.
Er hat seine Pflichten vernachlässigt.
He neglected his duties.
Perfect tense.
Es ist die Pflicht der Eltern, die Kinder zu schützen.
It is the duty of the parents to protect the children.
Genitive 'der Eltern'.
Ich fühle mich dazu verpflichtet.
I feel obligated to do that.
Related verb 'verpflichten'.
Die Pflicht ruft, ich muss gehen.
Duty calls, I must go.
Idiomatic expression.
Sie erfüllt ihre Pflicht immer pünktlich.
She always fulfills her duty on time.
Verb 'erfüllen'.
Welche Pflichten haben Sie in Ihrem Job?
What duties do you have in your job?
Interrogative 'welche'.
Das ist eine moralische Pflicht.
That is a moral duty.
Adjective 'moralisch'.
Die Schweigepflicht verbietet es dem Arzt zu sprechen.
The duty of confidentiality forbids the doctor from speaking.
Specific legal compound.
Er ist seiner Pflicht als Zeuge nicht nachgekommen.
He did not fulfill his duty as a witness.
Verb 'nachkommen' + Dative.
Man muss zwischen Recht und Pflicht unterscheiden.
One must distinguish between right and duty.
Abstract nouns.
Die Versicherungspflicht gilt für alle Autobesitzer.
The insurance obligation applies to all car owners.
Subject-verb agreement.
Sie sieht es als ihre Pflicht an, die Umwelt zu schützen.
She sees it as her duty to protect the environment.
Phrase 'ansehen als'.
Eine Verletzung der Dienstpflicht kann Folgen haben.
A breach of official duty can have consequences.
Genitive construction.
In Krisenzeiten wächst die soziale Pflicht.
In times of crisis, social duty grows.
Abstract context.
Er handelte aus reinem Pflichtbewusstsein.
He acted out of a pure sense of duty.
Compound 'Pflichtbewusstsein'.
Die ethische Pflicht übersteigt oft das gesetzlich Geforderte.
Ethical duty often exceeds what is legally required.
Nominalized adjective 'Geforderte'.
Kant definierte die Pflicht als Handeln aus Achtung fürs Gesetz.
Kant defined duty as acting out of respect for the law.
Philosophical definition.
Die Sorgfaltspflicht des Vorstands ist im Gesetz verankert.
The board's duty of care is anchored in the law.
Legal terminology.
Er entzog sich seinen elterlichen Pflichten.
He evaded his parental duties.
Reflexive verb 'sich entziehen' + Dative.
Das ist die Pflicht und Kür eines jeden Politikers.
That is the mandatory and creative part of every politician's job.
Idiomatic pair.
Eine Vernachlässigung der Aufsichtspflicht ist strafbar.
Neglect of the duty of supervision is punishable.
Complex noun phrase.
Die Treuepflicht ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Arbeitsvertrags.
The duty of loyalty is an essential part of the employment contract.
Professional terminology.
Man kann niemanden zur Zivilcourage verpflichten, aber es ist eine moralische Pflicht.
You can't obligate anyone to have civil courage, but it's a moral duty.
Contrastive conjunction 'aber'.
Die Kollision von Pflichten stellt ein moralisches Dilemma dar.
The collision of duties represents a moral dilemma.
Abstract conceptualization.
In seinem Werk thematisiert er die Bürde der Pflicht.
In his work, he addresses the burden of duty.
Literary style.
Die staatliche Fürsorgepflicht gegenüber den Bürgern ist unantastbar.
The state's duty of care towards citizens is inviolable.
High-level political/legal term.
Er sah sich in der Pflicht, das Erbe seines Vaters zu bewahren.
He felt duty-bound to preserve his father's legacy.
Phrase 'sich in der Pflicht sehen'.
Die völkerrechtliche Pflicht zur Hilfeleistung ist umstritten.
The duty to provide assistance under international law is controversial.
International law context.
Es obliegt dem Kläger, seine Pflichten nachzuweisen.
It is incumbent upon the plaintiff to prove his duties.
Formal verb 'obliegen'.
Das Spannungsfeld zwischen Neigung und Pflicht ist ein zentrales Motiv der Klassik.
The tension between inclination and duty is a central motif of Classicism.
Literary analysis.
Die unbedingte Pflichterfüllung galt einst als höchste Tugend.
Unconditional fulfillment of duty was once considered the highest virtue.
Historical/sociological context.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
자주 혼동되는 단어
관용어 및 표현
혼동하기 쉬운
문장 패턴
사용법
Used for binding statutes.
Used for internal conscience.
Used for community expectations.
- Using 'der' instead of 'die'.
- Confusing it with 'Aufgabe'.
- Incorrect plural 'Pflichte'.
- Using 'machen' instead of 'erfüllen' in formal contexts.
- Mispronouncing the 'pf' sound.
팁
Gender
Always remember 'die Pflicht'. Feminine nouns ending in -t are common.
Compounds
Learn compounds like 'Impfpflicht' to expand your vocabulary quickly.
Values
Understand that 'Pflicht' is a positive value in many German contexts.
Idioms
Use 'Die Pflicht ruft' to sound like a native speaker.
Precision
Distinguish between 'Pflicht' and 'Verantwortung' in formal letters.
Obligation
In legal texts, 'Pflicht' implies a strict requirement.
Workplace
Use 'Pflichten' to describe your job description.
Community
Social duties are often unwritten but very important.
Kant
Knowing a bit about Kant helps understand the depth of this word.
Context
Always learn 'Pflicht' with its common verbs like 'erfüllen'.
암기하기
어원
Old High German 'pfliht'
문화적 맥락
Immanuel Kant's philosophy of duty is a major part of German intellectual history.
A regional duty in Southern Germany to clean communal areas.
Members of German clubs (Vereine) often have specific 'Pflichten' like attending meetings.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
대화 시작하기
"Welche Pflichten sind dir im Leben am wichtigsten?"
"Glaubst du, dass wir eine allgemeine Dienstpflicht brauchen?"
"Was ist deine wichtigste Pflicht bei der Arbeit?"
"Haben Kinder zu viele oder zu wenige Pflichten?"
"Fühlst du dich gegenüber der Umwelt in der Pflicht?"
일기 주제
Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du deine Pflicht erfüllt hast, obwohl es schwer war.
Was bedeutet 'Pflicht' für dich persönlich?
Gibt es Pflichten, die du für unnötig hältst?
Wie unterscheidet sich 'Pflicht' von 'Hobby'?
Reflektiere über den Satz: 'Erst die Pflicht, dann das Vergnügen'.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문Pflicht is a binding duty, often legal or moral. Aufgabe is a general task or assignment.
No, it can be a source of pride and structure in one's life.
Put your teeth on your lower lip for 'f' and release a 'p' sound at the same time.
The legal requirement for children to attend school.
Yes, but 'Ich erfülle meine Pflicht' sounds better.
The legal duty of professionals like doctors to keep secrets.
Yes, 'Pflicht' refers to the mandatory exercises in sports like gymnastics or figure skating.
The duty to report or register something with authorities.
Yes, it is very common in formal and daily German.
The most common opposite is 'Recht' (right) or 'Freiheit' (freedom).
셀프 테스트 180 질문
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Die Pflicht is more than just a task; it is a binding commitment that defines social and legal expectations in German-speaking cultures.
- Pflicht means duty or obligation.
- It is a feminine noun: die Pflicht.
- Common in legal, moral, and social contexts.
- Essential for B1 level and higher German.
Gender
Always remember 'die Pflicht'. Feminine nouns ending in -t are common.
Compounds
Learn compounds like 'Impfpflicht' to expand your vocabulary quickly.
Values
Understand that 'Pflicht' is a positive value in many German contexts.
Idioms
Use 'Die Pflicht ruft' to sound like a native speaker.
관련 콘텐츠
family 관련 단어
Abstammung
B1혈통이나 가계는 한 사람의 가족적 배경을 의미합니다.
adoptieren
B1아이를 입양하는 것은 법적으로 자신의 아이로 받아들이는 것을 의미합니다.
adoptiert
B1입양된: 법적으로 생물학적 부모가 아닌 사람에 의해 자신의 자녀로 받아들여진. 그는 입양된 아들입니다. 그녀는 어릴 때 입양되었습니다.
Adoption
B1입양은 혈연관계가 없는 아이를 법적으로 자신의 자녀로 삼는 과정입니다.
Adoptiveltern
A2양부모는 법적 절차를 통해 친자가 아닌 아이를 가족으로 맞이한 부모를 말합니다.
Adoptivkind
A2입양아는 생물학적 부모가 아닌 다른 부모에 의해 법적으로 자녀로 받아들여진 아이입니다.
Ahn
B1‘Ahn’은 조상을 의미하며, 특히 역사적이거나 문학적인 맥락에서 사용됩니다.
Ahne
B1조상, 선조.
ähneln
B1사람이나 사물이 겉모습이나 성격이 아주 비슷할 때를 말해요.
Ahnen
B1'Ahnen'은 조상이나 선조를 의미하는 명사입니다.
