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نگاریدن

B1 verb #8,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

نگاریدن

Q: What is the present stem of 'negāridan'?

The present stem is 'negār'. For example: 'مینگارم' (I am painting).

negaridan 상위 8,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 نگاریدن 30초 만에

설명 نگاریدن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) in your daily life. It is a bit too advanced for basic conversations. Instead, you will learn 'نقاشی کردن' (naqqāshi kardan), which means 'to paint.' If you see 'نگاریدن' in a book, just remember it means someone is making a beautiful picture. It is like the difference between saying 'I draw' and 'I create an artistic masterpiece.' At this stage, focus on the present stem 'negār,' which you might see in names like 'Negār' (a common girl's name meaning 'beautiful image' or 'beloved'). Just knowing that this word relates to art and beauty is enough for an A1 learner. You might see it on a sign for an 'Art Gallery' (Negār-khāne). Think of it as a 'bonus' word that makes you sound very educated if you use it correctly in a simple sentence like 'I paint a flower.'

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For A2 learners, 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) is a great word to recognize in stories or poems. You are starting to move beyond basic survival Persian and into more descriptive language. While you will still use 'کشیدن' (keshidan) to talk about drawing a map or a simple sketch, you can use 'نگاریدن' when you want to describe someone doing real art. For example, if you are talking about a famous Iranian painter, you could say 'He paints beautiful pictures' using this verb to show respect for his skill. You should also learn the past tense: 'negārid' (he/she painted). This will help you read short biographies of artists. It is also a good time to notice how many Persian words are related to this root, like 'Negārestān' (a place of paintings). At A2, you are building a 'passive' vocabulary of these beautiful, formal words.

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At the B1 level, you should start using 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) in your writing and formal speaking. This is the level where you discuss hobbies, culture, and history. If you are describing a visit to a museum or your own interest in art, using 'نگاریدن' instead of 'naqqāshi kardan' will significantly improve your score in a speaking or writing test. You should understand how to conjugate it in the present continuous (mi-negāram) and the past (negāridam). You should also be able to distinguish it from 'negāshtan' (to write). At B1, you are expected to understand the nuance: 'negāridan' is for the visual arts. You can use it metaphorically too, like 'painting a picture of the future.' This word helps you express more complex ideas about beauty and creativity.

At the B2 level, 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) should be a natural part of your academic and literary vocabulary. You should be comfortable using it in essays about Persian culture or art history. You should also understand its relationship to the 'Negārgari' (Persian miniature) tradition. At this level, you should be able to use the passive voice (negāride shodan) and understand the subjunctive forms (be-negāram). You will likely encounter this word in contemporary Persian literature and news reports about the arts. You should also be aware of its classical roots and how it appears in the poetry of Rumi or Hafez. A B2 learner should be able to explain the difference between 'negāridan' and its synonyms like 'tasvir kardan' (to depict) or 'naqsh bastan' (to imprint), choosing the right one for the specific context of the sentence.

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For C1 learners, 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) is a tool for stylistic precision. You use it to evoke a specific atmosphere of classical elegance or high-brow intellectualism. You should be able to discuss the etymology of the word, linking it to Middle Persian and its evolution over centuries. At this level, you can appreciate the word-play in classical texts where 'negāridan' is used to describe both the creation of the world by God and the artist's creation of a painting. You should be able to use the word in complex grammatical structures, such as gerundial phrases or as part of compound adjectives. You might use it in a critical analysis of a film, describing how the director 'paints' a scene with light and shadow. Your mastery of this word reflects a deep immersion in the Persian linguistic and artistic tradition.

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At the C2 level, 'نگاریدن' (negāridan) is used with the ease of a native scholar. You understand every subtle connotation and historical echo the word carries. You can use it in highly formal speeches, academic papers, or creative writing to achieve a specific 'archaic' or 'elevated' tone. You are familiar with all its derivatives, including rare and technical terms used in the restoration of ancient manuscripts or the study of Islamic art. You can engage in debates about the translation of this word into other languages, noting that 'to paint' often fails to capture the 'embellishment' aspect of the Persian root. For a C2 learner, 'نگاریدن' is not just a verb; it is a symbol of the Persian soul's commitment to beauty and the eternal act of creation. You use it to weave complex metaphors that connect the visual, the verbal, and the spiritual.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

نگاریدن 30초 만에

A formal verb meaning to paint or draw, used primarily in artistic and literary contexts.
Rooted in the tradition of Persian miniatures and classical Iranian aesthetics.
Distinguished from 'negāshtan' (to write) by focusing on visual creation rather than text.
Commonly used metaphorically to describe 'painting' images in the mind or heart.

The Persian verb نگاریدن (negāridan) is a sophisticated and evocative term that primarily translates to 'to paint,' 'to draw,' or 'to create an image.' In the rich tapestry of the Persian language, this word transcends the mere physical act of applying pigment to a surface; it carries a weight of artistic intention and classical beauty. While a beginner might use the common verb کشیدن (keshidan) for drawing or نقاشی کردن (naqqāshi kardan) for painting, the choice of نگاریدن immediately elevates the discourse to a literary or formal level. It evokes the tradition of the Persian miniature, where every stroke is a calculated act of creation. Historically, the word is rooted in the concept of 'decoration' and 'embellishment,' suggesting that the artist is not just capturing reality but enhancing it through their vision. In modern contexts, you will encounter this word in art galleries, classical poetry analysis, and high-level literature. It is often used when discussing the works of great masters like Kamal-ol-Molk or the intricate patterns of a Persian carpet. When you use نگاریدن, you are signaling a deep appreciation for the aesthetic heritage of Iran.

Artistic Creation: The act of bringing a mental image into the physical world through lines and colors, often with a focus on detail and traditional techniques.
Literary Flourish: In older texts, it can refer to the act of writing or composing with such beauty that the words themselves become a visual art form.
Metaphorical Imprinting: Used metaphorically to describe how an experience or a person's image is 'painted' or 'etched' onto the heart or memory.

هنرمند با ظرافت تمام، چهره‌ی معشوق را بر بوم نگارید.

Translation: The artist, with utmost delicacy, painted the face of the beloved upon the canvas.

او بر دیوارهای غار، نقوش کهن را می‌نگارد.

Translation: He paints ancient motifs upon the cave walls.

Furthermore, the word is intrinsically linked to the concept of the 'Negār'—the beloved who is so beautiful they are like a painting. This dual meaning allows Persian poets to play with the idea of the Creator as a painter who 'negārid' the world into existence. When discussing Persian miniatures (Negārgari), this verb is the foundational action. It implies a process that is slow, meditative, and steeped in tradition. Unlike modern abstract painting, which might use 'pāshidan' (to splash), 'negāridan' implies a controlled, purposeful line. It is the language of the 'qalam' (pen/brush) meeting the 'kāghaz' (paper) in a dance of precision. For a learner, mastering this word means opening a door to the classical Persian aesthetic where the boundary between poetry (speech) and painting (image) is beautifully blurred.

Using نگاریدن requires an understanding of its transitive nature; it always takes an object—the thing being painted or created. In a standard sentence, the subject (the artist or creator) comes first, followed by the object (the image or motif), and the verb concludes the thought. Because it is a formal verb, it is frequently found in the past tense when describing completed works of art or in the present continuous to describe an ongoing artistic endeavor. For example, to say 'I am painting a flower,' you would use the present stem 'negār' combined with the appropriate prefixes: من گلی می‌نگارم (Man goli mi-negāram). This sounds significantly more poetic than the colloquial دارم نقاشی می‌کشم.

Past Tense Usage: Used to describe a finished artistic masterpiece. 'The master painted the ceiling of the palace' translates to 'استاد سقف کاخ را نگارید'.
Subjunctive Mood: Used when expressing a wish or a command regarding art. 'I want him to paint my portrait' becomes 'می‌خواهم چهره‌ام را بنگارد'.

نقاش چیره دست، صحنه‌ی نبرد را با خون نگاریده است.

The skilled painter has painted the battle scene with blood (metaphorical/dramatic).

باید این لحظه‌ی زیبا را در ذهن بنگاریم.

We must paint (etch) this beautiful moment in our minds.

When constructing complex sentences, you can use the gerund form نگارش (negāresh), which means 'writing' or 'composition,' though it stems from the same root. However, for visual arts, the noun is نگارگری (negārgari). If you are describing a scene in a novel where a character is lost in thought while sketching, using نگاریدن adds a layer of romanticism. For instance, 'She was painting her dreams on the canvas of reality' — او رویاهایش را بر بوم واقعیت می‌نگارید. This verb allows for profound metaphorical flexibility. It is also common in passive constructions: این تصویر به دست استاد نگاریده شده است (This image has been painted by the hand of the master). By using the passive voice, the focus shifts to the artwork itself, emphasizing its status as a created object of beauty.

In everyday street Persian, you might not hear نگاریدن frequently; instead, people favor simpler verbs. However, its presence is ubiquitous in specific cultural spheres. If you visit the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art or attend a lecture on Shahnameh illustrations, this word becomes the primary currency of conversation. Curators and art critics use it to distinguish between mere 'drawing' and 'artistic creation.' You will hear it in documentaries about the history of Iranian art, particularly when discussing the Safavid or Timurid periods, where the 'Negār-khāne' (The Painting House/Studio) was the center of intellectual life.

Art Galleries: Used by critics to describe the technique of a painter: 'سبک او در نگاریدن بی‌نظیر است' (His style in painting is unique).
Classical Music: In the lyrics of 'Tasnifs' (traditional songs), where the poet describes the beauty of the beloved as something divine that nature has 'painted'.

او در کارگاه خود، مینیاتورهای شگفت‌انگیزی می‌نگارد.

He paints wonderful miniatures in his workshop.

Another place where this word shines is in formal speeches and wedding ceremonies. In Persian culture, the 'Sofreh-ye Aghd' (wedding spread) is often described as being 'negāride' with symbols of luck and prosperity. In literature, particularly in the works of Hafez or Saadi, the word appears in the context of the 'Master Painter' (The Divine) who has painted the mole on the beloved's cheek or the curve of their eyebrow. For an English speaker, hearing نگاریدن is like hearing the word 'depict' or 'render' in an English art class—it signals that the conversation has moved from the mundane to the aesthetic. It is also found in the titles of books, such as 'نگارستان' (Negārestān), which literally means 'The Place of Paintings' or 'The Gallery,' a famous title used by the author Saadi for a collection of stories. Thus, while it isn't 'slang,' it is a word that lives in the heart of Iranian identity, art, and spirituality.

One of the most frequent errors learners make is confusing نگاریدن (negāridan) with نگاشتن (negāshtan). While they share the same present stem نگار (negār) and come from the same etymological root, their modern usage has diverged. نگاشتن is almost exclusively used for 'to write' or 'to compose' (similar to نوشتن), whereas نگاریدن is reserved for 'to paint' or 'to draw.' If you tell an Iranian friend 'من یک نامه نگاریدم' (I painted a letter), they will understand you through context, but it will sound highly unusual unless you actually decorated the letter with elaborate art. Use نگاشتم for the letter and نگاریدم for the portrait.

Register Mismatch: Using نگاریدن in a casual text message to a friend about a doodle you did in class. It sounds too 'fancy' or 'pretentious' for casual settings.
Stem Confusion: Mistakenly using نگار as the past stem. Remember: Past is نگارید (negārid), Present is نگار (negār).

Incorrect: من این تصویر را می‌نویسم.

Correct: من این تصویر را می‌نگارم. (I am painting this image.)

Another mistake involves the preposition. Unlike 'drawing' in English which sometimes uses 'of' (e.g., 'a drawing of a cat'), in Persian, you 'paint the cat' directly as an object. You don't need 'az' (from/of) before the object. For example, say گربه را نگارید (He painted the cat), not از گربه نگارید. Lastly, avoid overusing this verb. Because it is a B1/B2 level word, using it in every sentence about art can make your speech feel repetitive. Mix it with تصویر کردن (to depict) or منقوش کردن (to make a design) to show a broader vocabulary. Remember, نگاریدن is a 'heavy' word; use it when the art itself has weight or importance.

Persian is a language of nuances, especially when it comes to the arts. While نگاریدن is our focus, several other verbs occupy the same semantic space. The most common is نقاشی کردن (naqqāshi kardan). This is a compound verb used for everything from a child's crayon drawing to house painting. It is the 'workhorse' of the art world. Another is کشیدن (keshidan), which literally means 'to pull' or 'to draw'. This is the standard word for sketching or drawing lines. If you are drawing a map or a simple diagram, کشیدن is the correct choice, as نگاریدن would be too poetic for a technical map.

نگاریدن vs. نقاشی کردن: نگاریدن is literary and artistic; نقاشی کردن is general and everyday.
نگاریدن vs. نگاشتن: نگاریدن focuses on the visual image; نگاشتن focuses on the written word or composition.
نگاریدن vs. تصویر کردن: تصویر کردن (tasvir kardan) means 'to depict' or 'to illustrate' and is often used in media or book illustrations.

او نه تنها می‌نویسد، بلکه صفحات کتاب را نیز می‌نگارد.

He not only writes, but he also paints (illuminates) the pages of the book.

In a comparative sense, رقم زدن (raqam zadan) is another interesting alternative. It literally means 'to strike a number/mark' but is used to mean 'to record' or 'to create' an event or a fate. While نگاریدن is about the beauty of the image, رقم زدن is about the significance of the act. If you want to describe the act of carving or engraving, you would use حکاکی کردن (hakkāki kardan). However, if that engraving creates a beautiful image, you might still use نگاریدن to describe the final result. Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the exact 'flavor' of creation you wish to convey. نگاریدن remains the gold standard for describing the intentional creation of beauty through visual means.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'Negār' (beloved) comes directly from this verb. In Persian poetry, the beloved is so perfect that they seem like a divine painting, not a mere human.

발음 가이드

UK /ne.ɡɒː.ri.dæn/

US /ne.ɡɑː.ri.dæn/

The stress is typically on the final syllable '-dæn' in the infinitive.

라임이 맞는 단어

باریدن (bāridan - to rain) تاریدن (tāridan - to weave) خاریدن (khāridan - to scratch) زاریدن (zāridan - to wail) کاریدن (kāridan - to sow/plant) سپاریدن (sepāridan - to entrust) شماریدن (shomāridan - to count) گساریدن (gosāridan - to drink/remove)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'g' as a 'j' (like 'ne-jar-i-dan'). In Persian, 'g' is always hard as in 'go'.
Shortening the long 'ā' (vowel 6) to a short 'a' (vowel 1).
Confusing the stress with 'negār' (the noun), which has stress on 'gār'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Common in literature, but requires knowing the stem.

쓰기 4/5

Requires understanding register and stem differences from 'negāshtan'.

말하기 4/5

Not common in daily speech; sounds very formal.

듣기 3/5

Distinctive sound, easy to identify once learned.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

نقاشی (Painting) کشیدن (To draw) رنگ (Color) هنر (Art) قلم (Pen/Brush)

다음에 배울 것

نگاشتن (To write) تذهیب (Illumination) مینیاتور (Miniature) تصویرسازی (Illustration) خلق کردن (To create)

고급

منقوش (Decorated) رقم زدن (To record/create) کلک (Pen/Stylus) ارژنگ (Mani's book of paintings) صورتگری (Portraiture)

알아야 할 문법

Transitive Verb Conjugation

من تصویر را نگاریدم. (I painted the image.)

Present Stem Usage

می‌نگارم (I am painting) uses the stem 'negār'.

Passive Voice Construction

نگاریده شد (It was painted) uses the past participle + shodan.

Subjunctive Mood

باید بنگاری (You must paint) uses the prefix 'be-'.

Compound Noun Formation

نگار + خانه = نگارخانه (Place of painting).

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수준별 예문

من یک گل می‌نگارم.

I paint a flower.

Present continuous tense using the formal verb.

او تصویر را نگارید.

He/She painted the picture.

Simple past tense.

آیا تو می‌نگاری؟

Do you paint?

Simple present question.

ما کوه را نگاریدیم.

We painted the mountain.

First person plural past tense.

آنها زیبا می‌نگارند.

They paint beautifully.

Third person plural present tense.

بیا یک درخت بنگاریم.

Let's paint a tree.

Imperative/Exhortative form.

این نگار زیبا است.

This painting (image) is beautiful.

Using the noun 'negār' derived from the verb.

او قلم را برای نگاریدن گرفت.

He took the pen to paint.

Infinitive used as a purpose.

استاد بر دیوار مسجد، طرحی نگارید.

The master painted a design on the mosque wall.

Focus on the direct object 'tarh' (design).

نقاشان در قدیم روی چوب می‌نگاریدند.

Painters in the old days used to paint on wood.

Past habitual tense.

او می‌خواهد چهره‌ی مادرش را بنگارد.

He wants to paint his mother's face.

Subjunctive mood after 'want'.

کتاب‌های قدیمی را با طلا می‌نگاریدند.

They used to paint old books with gold.

Passive-like third person plural.

خورشید بر آسمان رنگ سرخ می‌نگارد.

The sun paints the color red on the sky.

Metaphorical use in nature.

باید این منظره را زود بنگاری.

You must paint this landscape quickly.

Modal 'must' with subjunctive.

هنرمند با دقت خطوط را می‌نگارد.

The artist paints the lines with care.

Adverbial phrase 'bā deqqat'.

چه کسی این پرنده را نگاریده است؟

Who has painted this bird?

Present perfect tense.

او تمام شب را بیدار ماند تا آن صحنه را بنگارد.

He stayed awake all night to paint that scene.

Complex sentence with purpose clause.

در این نگارخانه، آثار بسیاری نگاریده شده است.

In this gallery, many works have been painted.

Passive voice in present perfect.

نگاریدن مینیاتور نیاز به صبر و حوصله دارد.

Painting miniatures requires patience and time.

Infinitive used as a subject noun.

او در خیال خود، دنیایی دیگر می‌نگارید.

In his imagination, he was painting another world.

Metaphorical past continuous.

می‌توان این داستان را بر پرده‌ی سینما نگارید.

One can paint (depict) this story on the cinema screen.

Impersonal 'can' with infinitive.

هر هنرمندی به شیوه‌ی خود می‌نگارد.

Every artist paints in their own way.

General truth in simple present.

او با کلمات، تصویری از وطن می‌نگارد.

With words, he paints an image of the homeland.

Synesthetic use (words as paint).

اگر وقت داشتم، تمام دیوارها را می‌نگاریدم.

If I had time, I would have painted all the walls.

Conditional type 2.

شاهنامه را با زیباترین نگاره‌ها نگاریده‌اند.

They have illustrated the Shahnameh with the most beautiful paintings.

Present perfect plural for historical attribution.

او با قلم‌موی موی گربه، جزئیات را می‌نگارد.

He paints the details with a cat-hair brush.

Technical detail in present tense.

این سبک از نگاریدن در دوره‌ی صفوی رواج یافت.

This style of painting became common during the Safavid era.

Gerund 'negāridan' as an object of a preposition.

هنرمند متعهد، درد جامعه را بر بوم می‌نگارد.

The committed artist paints the pain of society on the canvas.

Abstract concept as an object.

قبل از اختراع دوربین، وقایع را می‌نگاریدند.

Before the invention of the camera, they used to paint (record) events.

Historical habitual past.

باید دید که او چگونه این مفهوم را می‌نگارد.

One must see how he paints (interprets) this concept.

Indirect question structure.

او بر سفالینه‌های کهن، نقش حیوانات را می‌نگارید.

He used to paint animal motifs on ancient pottery.

Past continuous describing a professional habit.

نگاریدن بر سقف‌های بلند، کاری دشوار است.

Painting on high ceilings is a difficult task.

Gerund as a subject.

او با مهارتی شگرف، تضاد میان نور و ظلمت را می‌نگارد.

With marvelous skill, he paints the contrast between light and darkness.

Advanced vocabulary (shagraf, tazād).

در این مثنوی، شاعر گویی با واژگان به نگاریدن پرداخته است.

In this Masnavi, it is as if the poet has engaged in painting with words.

Complex verbal phrase 'be negāridan pardākhtan'.

نگاریدن بر حریر، نیازمند تمرکزی بی‌پایان است.

Painting on silk requires endless concentration.

Gerund as subject with complex modifier.

او چنان می‌نگارد که گویی روح در کالبد تصویر دمیده است.

He paints such that it is as if a soul has been breathed into the body of the image.

Consecutive clause 'chonān... ke'.

تاریخ‌نگاران، وقایع را نه آنگونه که بود، بلکه آنگونه که می‌خواستند نگاریدند.

Historians painted (recorded) events not as they were, but as they wished.

Metaphorical use in historiography.

این اثر، اوج هنر نگاریدن در قرن دهم هجری است.

This work is the pinnacle of the art of painting in the 10th century AH.

Noun phrase with 'owj' (pinnacle).

او بر لبه‌ی نیستی، طرحی از بقا می‌نگارد.

On the edge of non-existence, he paints a design of survival.

Philosophical/Poetic metaphor.

هیچ دستی نمی‌تواند شکوه این کوهستان را به درستی بنگارد.

No hand can correctly paint the glory of these mountains.

Negative modal with subjunctive.

او در رساله‌ی خود، به تبیین فلسفه‌ی نگاریدن در حکمت اشراق می‌پردازد.

In his treatise, he explains the philosophy of painting in Illuminationist wisdom.

Highly academic register.

نگاریدن، در این ساحت، نه یک فن، بلکه نوعی شهود عرفانی است.

Painting, in this realm, is not a technique, but a type of mystical intuition.

Philosophical definitions using 'na... balke'.

او با سرانگشتان هنر، بر تارهای هستی، نقش عشق می‌نگارد.

With the fingertips of art, he paints the motif of love upon the strings of existence.

Extremely poetic/mystical metaphor.

آیا می‌توان فاجعه را با رنگ‌های درخشان نگارید؟

Can one paint a catastrophe with brilliant colors?

Rhetorical question in formal register.

او در پی آن است که سکوت را بر بوم سپید بنگارد.

He seeks to paint silence upon the white canvas.

Abstract object 'silence'.

نگاریدن بر حافظه‌ی جمعی یک ملت، وظیفه‌ی هنرمند است.

Painting (etching) upon the collective memory of a nation is the artist's duty.

Sociopolitical metaphor.

او با بازخوانی سنت، مفاهیم مدرن را در قالب کهن می‌نگارد.

By rereading tradition, he paints modern concepts in an ancient mold.

Complex participial phrase 'bā bāz-khāni'.

قلم او چنان بر کاغذ می‌لغزد که گویی فرشتگان دستش را برای نگاریدن می‌گیرند.

His pen glides on the paper as if angels hold his hand for painting.

Hyperbolic literary description.

자주 쓰는 조합

بر بوم نگاریدن

با ظرافت نگاریدن

نقش نگاریدن

چهره نگاریدن

در ذهن نگاریدن

با خون نگاریدن

بر حریر نگاریدن

طرحی نگاریدن

به دست استاد نگاریدن

بر دیوار نگاریدن

자주 쓰는 구문

نگار من

— My beloved (literally: my painting/image). A very common poetic term.

نگار من که به مکتب نرفت و خط ننوشت.

نگارخانه

— Art gallery. A place where paintings are displayed.

فردا به نگارخانه ملی می‌رویم.

نگارگری

— The art of Persian miniature painting.

او در رشته نگارگری تحصیل می‌کند.

نقش و نگار

— Patterns and decorations. Often used for carpets or tiles.

این قالی نقش و نگار زیبایی دارد.

نگارنده

— The writer or author (from the related verb negāshtan).

نگارنده این سطور، آرزوی موفقیت دارد.

خوش‌نگار

— Beautifully painted or well-designed.

او لباسی خوش‌نگار بر تن داشت.

زرنگار

— Decorated with gold; gilded.

سقف تالار زرنگار بود.

رنگ‌نگار

— Colorful; painted with many colors.

طبیعت رنگ‌نگار پاییز خیره‌کننده است.

نگارستان

— A gallery or a place full of beautiful images.

کتاب او نگارستانی از لغات است.

بدنگار

— Badly painted or ugly (rarely used).

این طرح بدنگار به دل نمی‌نشیند.

자주 혼동되는 단어

نگاریدن vs نگاشتن (negāshtan)

Negāshtan is primarily for writing/composing, while negāridan is for painting/drawing.

نگاریدن vs نگاه کردن (negāh kardan)

Negāh kardan means 'to look'. They sound similar but are unrelated.

نگاریدن vs نگران (negarān)

Negarān means 'worried'. It shares the same visual root (looking/watching) but is used differently.

관용어 및 표현

"نقش بر آب نگاریدن"

— To do something futile or useless (like painting on water).

تلاش‌های او برای تغییر نظر مدیر، نقش بر آب نگاریدن بود.

Literary

"بر لوح دل نگاریدن"

— To remember something forever; to etch on the heart.

پندهای پدرم را بر لوح دل نگاریدم.

Poetic

"صورت بی‌صورت نگاریدن"

— To describe or imagine the unimaginable (often mystical).

عارفان سعی می‌کنند حقیقت را بی‌صورت بنگارند.

Mystical

"طرح نو نگاریدن"

— To start a new way of doing things; to innovate.

بیا تا گل برافشانیم و می در ساغر اندازیم / فلک را سقف بشکافیم و طرحی نو دراندازیم (Hafiz).

Literary

"رنگ غم نگاریدن"

— To give a sad atmosphere to something.

او بر داستان خود رنگ غم نگاریده است.

Literary

"بر پرده‌ی خیال نگاریدن"

— To fantasize or imagine vividly.

او آینده‌اش را بر پرده‌ی خیال می‌نگارد.

Poetic

"خط و نشان نگاریدن"

— To threaten or set strict boundaries (usually 'keshidan').

او برای رقیبانش خط و نشان می‌نگارد.

Formal

"زر بر ورق نگاریدن"

— To perform an act of great value or beauty.

او با ایثار خود، زر بر ورق تاریخ نگارید.

Rhetorical

"نقش مقصود نگاریدن"

— To achieve one's goal or target.

بالاخره پس از سال‌ها، نقش مقصود را نگارید.

Archaic

"به قلم نگاریدن"

— To express through writing or drawing (emphasizing the tool).

او دردهای مردم را به قلم می‌نگارد.

Formal

혼동하기 쉬운

نگاریدن vs نگاشتن

Same present stem (negār).

Negāshtan is 'to write' (text); Negāridan is 'to paint' (image).

او نامه را نگاشت، اما تصویر را نگارید.

نگاریدن vs کشیدن

Both translate to 'draw'.

Keshidan is common/sketching; Negāridan is artistic/formal.

بچه خط کشید، اما استاد نگارید.

نگاریدن vs نقاشی کردن

Both mean 'to paint'.

Naqqāshi is general; Negāridan is literary.

دیوار را نقاشی کردند، اما مینیاتور را نگاریدند.

نگاریدن vs نگاه کردن

Phonetic similarity.

Looking vs. Painting.

او به تابلویی که نگاریده بود، نگاه کرد.

نگاریدن vs نگار

Noun vs. Verb.

Negār is the result/person; Negāridan is the action.

نگارگر مشغول نگاریدن نگار است.

문장 패턴

من [Object] می‌نگارم.

من سیب می‌نگارم.

او [Object] را نگارید.

او درخت را نگارید.

هنرمند در حالِ نگاریدنِ [Object] است.

هنرمند در حال نگاریدن منظره است.

این [Object] به دست [Person] نگاریده شده است.

این پرده به دست استاد نگاریده شده است.

گویی او [Object] را با [Tool/Emotion] می‌نگارد.

گویی او جهان را با عشق می‌نگارد.

نباید [Abstract] را چنین بنگاریم.

نباید حقیقت را چنین بنگاریم.

در ساحتِ [Field]، نگاریدن به مثابه‌ی [Concept] است.

در ساحت عرفان، نگاریدن به مثابه‌ی عبادت است.

او بر [Surface]، [Object] را رقم می‌نگارد.

او بر جریده‌ی عالم، نام خود را می‌نگارد.

어휘 가족

명사

نگار (negār) - image, beloved

نگاره (negāre) - illustration, motif

نگارگر (negārgar) - painter, miniaturist

نگارگری (negārgari) - the art of painting

نگارخانه (negārkhāne) - gallery

نگارستان (negārestān) - place of paintings

نگارش (negāresh) - writing/composition (from negāshtan)

동사

نگاریدن (negāridan) - to paint/draw

نگاشتن (negāshtan) - to write/compose

بازنگاریدن (bāz-negāridan) - to repaint/redraw

형용사

نگارین (negārin) - colorful, ornate, painted

زرنگار (zar-negār) - gilded

سیم‌نگار (sim-negār) - silver-decorated

خوش‌نگار (khosh-negār) - beautiful

사용법

frequency

Medium-Low (High in Art/Literature circles)

자주 하는 실수

من یک نامه نگاریدم. → من یک نامه نگاشتم (or نوشتم).
'Negāridan' is for painting. For writing letters, use 'negāshtan' or 'neveshtan'.
او دارد دیوار را می‌نگارد. → او دارد دیوار را نقاشی می‌کند.
Painting a wall (house painting) is never 'negāridan'; it's too grand a word for that.
من می‌نگاریدم. → من می‌نگاریدم (Past Continuous) or من نگاریدم (Simple Past).
Ensure you don't confuse the past continuous with the simple past when describing a completed work.
نگاریدن از گل. → گل را نگاریدن.
Do not use 'az' (of/from) with this verb. It takes a direct object.
Using 'negāridan' for a quick sketch. → کشیدن.
'Negāridan' implies a more serious or artistic effort than a 5-second sketch.

팁

Level Up Your Art Talk

When visiting an Iranian art gallery, use 'negāridan' to describe the works. It shows you appreciate the fine art aspect rather than just 'painting' as a job.

Master the Stems

Remember: Past = Negārid, Present = Negār. This is a regular 'idan' verb, making it easier to conjugate than 'negāshtan' (negāsht/negār).

Poetic Connections

Understand that 'Negār' (the noun) often appears in poetry. If you know the verb, you'll understand why the beloved is called a 'painting'.

Formal Essays

In academic writing about Iranian history, use 'negāridan' to describe the illumination of manuscripts like the Shahnameh.

Audio Cues

Listen for this word in classical music lyrics (Tasnifs). It often describes nature or the beloved's beauty.

Don't Overuse

Because it's formal, using it for a quick doodle on a napkin might sound sarcastic or overly dramatic. Use it for meaningful art.

The 'Gallery' Link

Associate 'negāridan' with 'Negār-khāne' (Gallery). You 'negāridan' things that belong in a gallery.

Literature Key

When you see 'می‌نگاشت' in a book, check if it's about a painter or a writer. If it's a painter, it's likely a variant of 'negāridan'.

Object Focus

This verb is transitive. Always look for the 'ra' (object marker) to see what is being painted.

Etymological Root

Knowing it comes from 'decoration' helps you remember that it's about making something beautiful, not just functional.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the 'Negār' (image) in a 'Gallery' (Negār-khāne). You are 'Negāridan' (painting) a 'New-Garland' of colors.

시각적 연상

Imagine a Persian miniaturist with a tiny brush (qalam) carefully 'negāridan' a beautiful garden on silk.

Word Web

Art Miniature Beloved Gallery Color Brush Canvas Beauty

챌린지

Try to write three sentences about your favorite painting using 'negāridan' instead of 'naqqāshi kardan'.

어원

Derived from Middle Persian 'nikār-' (image, form, decoration). It is related to the Old Persian root 'kar-' meaning to make or do, with the prefix 'ni-' meaning down or into. Thus, it literally means 'to make a mark down.'

원래 의미: To decorate, to embellish, or to create a form.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> West Iranian -> Persian.

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, but note that 'Negār' is a common female name, so don't confuse the person with the verb.

English speakers often use 'paint' for everything. Encourage them to use 'negāridan' specifically for 'fine art' to capture the Persian nuance.

Behzād (The famous miniaturist) The 'Negārestān' Palace in Tehran Hafez's poems using 'Negār'

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Art Class

چگونه این طرح را بنگارم؟
از چه رنگی برای نگاریدن استفاده کنیم؟
نگاریدن سایه‌ها دشوار است.
او استاد نگارگری است.

Museum Visit

این تابلو در چه سالی نگاریده شده؟
سبک نگاریدن این هنرمند خاص است.
جزئیات به خوبی نگاریده شده‌اند.
نگارخانه‌ی زیبایی است.

Poetry Analysis

شاعر تصویر معشوق را می‌نگارد.
واژگان در این شعر می‌نگارند.
استعاره‌ای از نگاریدن جهان.
نگار در اینجا به معنی معشوق است.

Writing a Biography

او نخستین اثرش را در جوانی نگارید.
او تمام عمر به نگاریدن مشغول بود.
آثار او در تاریخ نگاریده شده است.
او سبک جدیدی در نگاریدن ابداع کرد.

Interior Design

می‌خواهیم روی دیوار طرحی بنگاریم.
سقف با طلا نگاریده شده است.
نقش و نگار اتاق بسیار زیباست.
این پرده‌ها خوش‌نگار هستند.

대화 시작하기

"آیا تا به حال سعی کرده‌اید یک مینیاتور ایرانی را بنگارید؟"

"کدام نقاش ایرانی به نظر شما زیباترین تصاویر را می‌نگارد؟"

"اگر می‌توانستید آینده‌ی خود را بر بوم بنگارید، چه شکلی بود؟"

"به نظر شما نگاریدن با مداد سخت‌تر است یا با رنگ روغن؟"

"آیا ترجیح می‌دهید واقعیت را بنگارید یا رویاهایتان را؟"

일기 주제

امروز چه تصویری را در ذهن خود نگاریدید؟ آن را با جزئیات توصیف کنید.

درباره‌ی هنرمندی بنویسید که با نگاریدن، جهان را جای بهتری کرده است.

اگر زندگی یک بوم سفید بود، شما چه نقشی بر آن می‌نگاریدید؟

تفاوت بین 'نوشتن' و 'نگاریدن' از نظر شما چیست؟

یک خاطره‌ی قدیمی را طوری توصیف کنید که گویی دارید آن را می‌نگارید.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Rarely. In daily life, Iranians use 'naqqāshi kardan' or 'keshidan'. 'Negāridan' is reserved for formal, artistic, or literary contexts.

Technically, the root allows it, but in modern Persian, 'negāshtan' or 'neveshtan' is used for writing. Use 'negāridan' only if you are decorating the letter.

The present stem is 'negār'. For example: 'می‌نگارم' (I am painting).

'Negāre' usually refers to a specific illustration or motif in a book or manuscript, while 'naqqāshi' is the general word for any painting.

Yes, 'Negār' is a popular female name in Iran, meaning 'beautiful image' or 'beloved'.

You would say 'من نگاریدم' (Man negāridam).

Yes, it can be used to give digital art a more sophisticated or 'elevated' feel, though 'طراحی کردن' (tarrāhi kardan) is more common.

No, the 'g' is a hard 'g' like in 'gold' and is clearly pronounced.

Yes, 'نگاریده شدن' (negāride shodan), meaning 'to be painted'.

Yes, 'نگارگری' (negārgari) is the noun form specifically for the art of Persian miniature painting.

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