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A2 adjective #1,600 가장 일반적인 13분 분량

سردتر

sardtâr 상위 1,600

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 سردتر 30초 만에

설명 سردتر in your Level:

At the A1 level, your primary goal is to learn basic vocabulary to describe the world around you, and 'سردتر' (sard-tar) is an essential building block for this. You already know the word 'سرد' (sard), which means cold. By simply adding the suffix 'تر' (-tar) to the end of it, you create the word for 'colder'. This is a very easy and consistent rule in Persian grammar. You will use this word mostly to talk about the weather and everyday objects. For example, if you step outside and feel the chill in the air, you can say 'هوا سردتر است' (Hava sard-tar ast), which means 'The weather is colder'. You can also use it for food and drinks. If your tea has been sitting on the table for too long, you might say 'چای سردتر است' (Chay sard-tar ast) to mean 'The tea is colder'. At this beginner stage, you don't need to worry about complex sentence structures. Just focus on recognizing the word when native speakers talk about winter approaching or when they complain about a cold room. Practice combining it with simple nouns you already know, like water (آب - aab), room (اتاق - otaagh), and night (شب - shab). Remember that the 'تر' suffix is the magic key to making comparisons in Persian, and 'سردتر' is one of the most common examples you will encounter in your early studies.

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As an A2 learner, you are moving beyond simple statements and starting to make direct comparisons between two things. This is where 'سردتر' (sard-tar) becomes incredibly useful. To use it correctly, you must master the preposition 'از' (az), which means 'than' in this context. The structure you need to practice is: [Noun 1] + از (az) + [Noun 2] + سردتر است (sard-tar ast). For instance, to say 'Winter is colder than autumn', you say 'زمستان از پاییز سردتر است' (Zemestan az paeez sard-tar ast). This formula allows you to express much more detailed thoughts about your environment. You will hear this constantly in daily conversations, especially when Iranians discuss the different climates of cities. Someone might tell you 'تبریز از تهران سردتر است' (Tabriz az Tehran sard-tar ast - Tabriz is colder than Tehran). You should also practice using 'سردتر' with verbs that show a change in state, like 'شدن' (shodan - to become). 'هوا سردتر شد' (Hava sard-tar shod) means 'The weather became colder'. This is perfect for describing the transition from afternoon to evening. At this level, you are building the core grammatical foundation for all comparative adjectives, and practicing with a common word like 'سردتر' will make the pattern automatic in your mind.

At the B1 intermediate level, your understanding of 'سردتر' (sard-tar) expands beyond physical temperature into the realm of emotions and social interactions. While you will still use it to discuss the weather, you will now start hearing and using it to describe people's behavior. In Persian culture, warmth and hospitality are highly valued, so when someone acts distant, unfriendly, or loses interest, they are described as becoming 'colder'. If a friend is acting aloof, you might say 'رفتار او سردتر شده است' (Raftar-e oo sard-tar shodeh ast - His/her behavior has become colder). This metaphorical use is crucial for navigating social situations and understanding gossip or complaints about relationships. You will also start encountering it in more complex sentence structures, perhaps combined with adverbs of degree. For example, 'امسال هوا خیلی سردتر از پارسال است' (Emsaal hava kheyli sard-tar az parsaal ast - This year the weather is much colder than last year). You should also be comfortable using it as an attributive adjective, attached to a noun with the ezafe, such as 'در جستجوی آب و هوای سردتر' (dar jostejooy-e aab o havay-e sard-tar - in search of colder weather). Mastering these nuances allows you to express your feelings and observations with much greater accuracy and cultural appropriateness.

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Reaching the B2 level means you are comfortable with the mechanics of 'سردتر' (sard-tar) and are now focusing on stylistic variation and precision. You understand that while 'سردتر' is the standard comparative, there are situations where other words might be more appropriate. You know the critical difference between 'سردتر' (colder - often implying discomfort) and 'خنک‌تر' (khonak-tar - cooler, refreshing). You wouldn't use 'سردتر' to describe a pleasant evening breeze in summer; you would use 'خنک‌تر'. Furthermore, you are adept at using 'سردتر' in abstract and idiomatic contexts. You can understand literature or news articles that use the term metaphorically, such as describing a 'colder economic climate' or 'colder diplomatic relations' between countries (روابط سردتر - ravabet-e sard-tar). You can fluidly integrate it into complex, multi-clause sentences without hesitation. For example: 'هرچه به قله کوه نزدیک‌تر می‌شدیم، هوا به مراتب سردتر می‌شد' (Har-che be gholleh-ye kooh nazdik-tar mishodim, hava be maraateb sard-tar mishod - The closer we got to the mountain peak, the significantly colder the weather became). At this stage, your use of the word is natural, grammatically flawless, and contextually sensitive, reflecting a deep understanding of Persian linguistic norms.

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At the C1 advanced level, 'سردتر' (sard-tar) is a fully integrated part of your active vocabulary, and you wield it with the finesse of an educated native speaker. You appreciate its role in Persian poetry and classical literature, where the coldness of winter is frequently juxtaposed with the warmth of love or the fire of passion. You understand subtle poetic constructs where 'سردتر' might be used to describe a lover's sigh or a despairing heart. In professional and academic settings, you use it effortlessly in analytical discussions. For instance, you can articulate complex ideas about climate change, noting that 'برخلاف انتظار، برخی مناطق زمستان‌های سردتری را تجربه می‌کنند' (Barkhalaaf-e entezaar, barkhi manaategh zemestaan-haay-e sard-tar-i ra tajrobeh mikonand - Contrary to expectations, some regions are experiencing colder winters). You are also highly attuned to the register of your speech, knowing when to use colloquial exaggerations like 'یخ‌تر' (yakh-tar) with friends versus maintaining the standard 'سردتر' in formal writing. Your pronunciation of the consonant cluster 'rd-t' is seamless, lacking any intrusive vowels that mark lower-level learners. You can play with the word, using it in rhetorical questions or sarcastic remarks, demonstrating a complete mastery of its semantic range and cultural resonance.

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At the C2 mastery level, your comprehension and application of 'سردتر' (sard-tar) are indistinguishable from a highly articulate native Persian speaker. You possess an intuitive grasp of the word's etymological roots and its morphological behavior within the broader Indo-European language family context. You recognize how the concept of 'coldness' permeates Iranian cultural consciousness, from the ancient Zoroastrian dualities of light/warmth versus darkness/cold, to modern socio-political commentary. You can effortlessly dissect complex literary texts where 'سردتر' is employed as a multifaceted metaphor. In your own discourse, you use it with absolute precision, often pairing it with sophisticated vocabulary to create compelling imagery. You might write an essay describing a societal shift as 'گرایشی به سمت روابط انسانی سردتر و مکانیکی‌تر' (gerayeshi be samt-e ravabet-e ensani-ye sard-tar o mekaniki-tar - a trend towards colder and more mechanical human relations). You are capable of generating and understanding spontaneous wordplay, puns, or idiomatic expressions involving the concept of comparative coldness. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'سردتر' is not just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual tool that you use to articulate the most nuanced and profound observations about the physical world and the human condition in flawless Persian.

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سردتر 30초 만에

Means 'colder' or 'cooler' in English.
Formed by adding '-tar' to 'sard' (cold).
Requires the preposition 'az' (than) for direct comparisons.
Used for weather, food, and emotional distance.

The Persian word 'سردتر' (sard-tar) is a fundamental comparative adjective that directly translates to 'colder' or 'cooler' in English. To truly understand its depth, we must first look at its root word, 'سرد' (sard), which means 'cold'. In the Persian language, creating a comparative adjective is a highly regular and straightforward process, much like adding '-er' in English. By attaching the suffix 'تر' (-tar) to almost any adjective, you elevate it to its comparative form. Therefore, 'سرد' becomes 'سردتر'. This word is incredibly versatile and is used in a multitude of contexts ranging from daily weather discussions to describing the temperature of food and beverages, and even extending into metaphorical usages regarding human emotions and relationships. When you step outside on a brisk autumn morning in Tehran and notice the drop in temperature compared to the previous day, 'سردتر' is the exact word you would use to describe the atmosphere.

امروز هوا خیلی سردتر از دیروز است.

Beyond just the physical sensation of a lower temperature, this word carries the weight of seasonal transitions, a frequent topic of conversation in Iranian culture where the shift from the scorching heat of summer to the biting cold of winter is highly pronounced.

Physical Temperature: Used to describe objects, weather, or environments that have a measurably lower thermal energy than something else.

For instance, if you are served a cup of Persian black tea that has been sitting out for too long, you might complain that it is 'سردتر' than you prefer.

این چای سردتر از آن است که بشود خورد.

The metaphorical applications are equally important for learners aiming for fluency. Just as in English, a person's demeanor, a welcome, or a gaze can be described as cold. When a relationship deteriorates and the warmth of affection fades, the interactions become 'سردتر'. This emotional distance is a common trope in Persian poetry and modern literature, where the coldness of a lover's heart is often compared to the harsh winters of the mountainous regions of Iran.

Emotional Distance: Refers to a lack of warmth, affection, or enthusiasm in human interactions, signaling a deteriorating relationship.

رفتار او با من سردتر شده است.

Furthermore, understanding 'سردتر' requires a grasp of the comparative structure in Persian grammar. The word is almost always accompanied by the preposition 'از' (az), meaning 'than' or 'from', to establish the baseline of comparison. If you want to say 'Tabriz is colder than Tehran', you structure it as 'Tabriz az Tehran sard-tar ast'. This syntactic pattern is rigid and essential for clear communication.

آب این استخر سردتر است.

Grammatical Function: Acts as a comparative adjective modifying nouns, requiring the preposition 'از' when the object of comparison is explicitly stated in the sentence.

By mastering this single word and its associated grammatical structures, learners unlock the ability to make a vast array of comparisons, significantly enhancing their descriptive capabilities in Persian.

زمستان امسال سردتر خواهد بود.

The concept of coldness is deeply ingrained in the human experience, and having the linguistic tools to express variations in that coldness is a critical step in language acquisition. Whether you are navigating the physical climate or the emotional climate of your interactions, 'سردتر' provides the necessary nuance to express exactly what you mean with clarity and precision.

Using 'سردتر' (sard-tar) correctly in Persian involves understanding a few key grammatical rules that govern comparative adjectives. The most fundamental rule is the use of the preposition 'از' (az), which translates to 'than' in this context. When you want to compare two nouns and state that one is colder than the other, the formula is strictly: [Noun 1] + از (az) + [Noun 2] + سردتر (sard-tar) + است (ast/is). For example, to say 'Winter is colder than autumn', you would say 'Zemestan az paeez sard-tar ast'. This structure is the backbone of comparative statements in Persian and must be mastered early on.

تبریز از تهران سردتر است.

Basic Comparison: The standard formula requires placing the item being compared against immediately after the preposition 'az', followed by the comparative adjective.

However, you do not always need to explicitly state the second noun if it is understood from the context. If someone asks you how the weather is today compared to yesterday, you can simply reply, 'Emrooz sard-tar ast' (Today is colder). The 'than yesterday' is implied.

لطفا یک نوشیدنی سردتر بیاورید.

Another important usage is as an attributive adjective, where 'سردتر' directly modifies a noun. In this case, it follows the noun it modifies, connected by the 'ezafe' vowel (usually an 'e' sound). For instance, 'havaye sard-tar' means 'colder weather', and 'ab-e sard-tar' means 'colder water'. This is incredibly useful when you are requesting something or describing a specific type of item rather than making a direct comparison between two distinct things.

Attributive Usage: When modifying a noun directly, the comparative adjective follows the noun and is linked by the ezafe grammatical particle.

ما به دنبال آب و هوای سردتر هستیم.

When dealing with verbs of state or change, such as 'شدن' (shodan - to become) or 'کردن' (kardan - to make), 'سردتر' acts as the complement. 'Hava sard-tar shod' means 'The weather became colder'. 'Chay ra sard-tar kard' means 'He/She made the tea colder'. This dynamic usage allows you to describe processes and changes in temperature or emotional states over time.

شب‌ها هوا خیلی سردتر می‌شود.

With Verbs of Change: Pairs frequently with verbs like 'shodan' to indicate a transition from a warmer state to a cooler state.

By combining these different grammatical structures—direct comparison with 'az', attributive modification with 'ezafe', and dynamic description with verbs of change—you gain complete control over how to express the concept of 'colder' in any given situation. Practice these patterns repeatedly, as they apply not just to 'سردتر', but to every single comparative adjective in the Persian language.

نگاه او از یخ هم سردتر بود.

Mastery of this word is a significant milestone in achieving conversational fluency in Persian.

The word 'سردتر' (sard-tar) is ubiquitous in everyday Persian conversation, primarily because weather and food are two of the most common topics of daily discourse in Iranian culture. You will hear this word constantly during the transition seasons of autumn and early winter. As the scorching summer heat finally breaks, people eagerly or complainingly note the changing temperatures. In a typical Iranian household, mornings often begin with someone looking out the window or checking the news and announcing that today is colder than yesterday.

گوینده اخبار گفت فردا سردتر خواهد شد.

Weather Forecasts: Meteorologists and news anchors use this term daily during the colder months to warn citizens of dropping temperatures.

Mothers will use this word to instruct their children to wear heavier clothing before heading to school, emphasizing that the air outside is much colder than it seems from inside the warm house.

طبع خیار از سیب سردتر است.

Beyond the weather, the realm of food and beverages is another major domain for this word. Tea (chay) is the lifeblood of Iranian social interaction. If a guest is served tea and gets distracted by conversation, the host might notice the tea cooling down and offer to replace it, noting that it has gotten colder. Conversely, during the hot summer months, when serving water or sharbat (a traditional sweet drink), a guest might specifically request a colder glass if the current one isn't refreshing enough.

Culinary Contexts: Used to discuss the physical serving temperature of meals and drinks, ensuring they are consumed at the optimal heat level.

بستنی باید سردتر سرو شود.

You will also encounter 'سردتر' frequently in emotional and social contexts. Iranians place a high value on warmth, hospitality, and emotional expressiveness. When someone behaves in a distant, aloof, or unfriendly manner, it is acutely felt and often commented upon. Friends gossiping about a mutual acquaintance might remark that his behavior has become colder recently, signaling a potential issue in the relationship.

رابطه آن‌ها هر روز سردتر می‌شود.

Social Dynamics: A critical vocabulary word for navigating interpersonal relationships, expressing feelings of alienation or emotional withdrawal.

In literature and poetry, which are deeply woven into the fabric of everyday Iranian life, the comparative coldness is a powerful metaphor. A poet might describe the world as being colder than a winter's night without the presence of their beloved. From the practicalities of surviving a harsh winter in the Alborz mountains to the delicate nuances of human connection, 'سردتر' is a word that echoes through every layer of Persian society.

هیچ چیز سردتر از تنهایی نیست.

Paying attention to how native speakers use this word in different scenarios will drastically improve your cultural fluency and contextual understanding.

When learning to use 'سردتر' (sard-tar), students frequently encounter a few specific stumbling blocks that can immediately mark them as non-native speakers. The most prevalent mistake, especially among English speakers, is the creation of a 'double comparative'. In English, we say 'colder', not 'more colder'. However, because learners sometimes learn the word 'بیشتر' (bish-tar), meaning 'more', they mistakenly combine it with 'سردتر' to say 'bishtar sard-tar'. This is grammatically incorrect and sounds highly unnatural in Persian.

هوا سردتر است. (Correct)

Double Comparatives: Avoid using 'بیشتر' (more) before 'سردتر'. The suffix '-tar' already contains the meaning of 'more'. Use 'خیلی' (very/much) instead if you need to amplify it.

If you want to say 'much colder', the correct intensifier is 'خیلی' (kheyli), resulting in 'kheyli sard-tar'. Another frequent error revolves around the preposition 'از' (az - than). Learners often forget to include it or substitute it with incorrect prepositions like 'با' (ba - with) or 'به' (be - to) when trying to form a comparison.

این اتاق از آن اتاق سردتر است.

Missing Preposition: Failing to use 'از' when comparing two specific items makes the sentence incomprehensible. It is the crucial link between the two nouns.

Pronunciation also presents a minor but noticeable challenge. The word 'سرد' ends in a consonant cluster (rd), and adding the suffix 'تر' (tar) creates a sequence of three consonants (r-d-t). Persian phonotactics generally dislike long consonant clusters without intervening vowels. While native speakers transition smoothly through 'sard-tar', learners often insert an unwanted vowel sound, pronouncing it like 'sar-de-tar' or 'sard-e-tar'.

آب سردتر شد.

This insertion of an 'e' sound changes the grammatical structure, making it sound like an ezafe connection rather than a single comparative word. It requires practice to smoothly articulate the 'd' directly into the 't' without a vowel break.

صدای او سردتر به نظر می‌رسید.

Contextual Misuse: Using 'سردتر' when 'خنک‌تر' (cooler/more refreshing) is appropriate. 'سردتر' implies an uncomfortably low temperature, while 'خنک‌تر' is positive.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse the semantic nuance between 'سردتر' (colder) and 'خنک‌تر' (khonak-tar - cooler). If the weather drops from a sweltering 40°C to a pleasant 25°C, you would say the weather is 'khonak-tar' (more refreshing/cooler). If you say it is 'sard-tar', it implies it has become uncomfortably cold or chilly. Understanding this distinction is vital for accurate expression.

پاییز از تابستان سردتر است.

By being aware of these common pitfalls—avoiding double comparatives, mastering the preposition 'az', refining pronunciation, and grasping the semantic nuances—you can use this essential adjective with the confidence of a native speaker.

To build a robust and nuanced vocabulary in Persian, it is essential to explore the synonyms and related terms surrounding 'سردتر' (sard-tar). While 'سردتر' is the standard, catch-all term for 'colder', several other words offer specific shades of meaning that can make your speech much more precise and native-like. The most important distinction to learn is between 'سردتر' and 'خنک‌تر' (khonak-tar). 'خنک' (khonak) means cool, but specifically in a pleasant, refreshing way. Therefore, 'خنک‌تر' means 'cooler' in a positive sense.

این اتاق سردتر از بقیه است.

خنک‌تر (Khonak-tar): Means 'cooler' in a pleasant, refreshing way. Used when a drop in temperature provides relief from the heat, unlike 'سردتر' which can imply discomfort.

If you are sitting in a stuffy room and someone opens a window, letting in a nice breeze, you would say 'Hava khonak-tar shod' (The weather got cooler). If you used 'سردتر' in that context, it would imply that the breeze made you uncomfortably chilly.

آب چشمه سردتر است.

Another related term is 'یخ‌تر' (yakh-tar). 'یخ' (yakh) means ice, so 'یخ‌تر' literally translates to 'icier' or 'more freezing'. This is an exaggeration used in colloquial speech to emphasize extreme cold. If you step outside into a blizzard, you might exclaim that it is 'yakh-tar' than you expected. It is a more intense, dramatic version of 'سردتر'.

یخ‌تر (Yakh-tar): Derived from the word for ice, this is a colloquial exaggeration meaning 'icier' or 'freezing cold', used for extreme temperatures.

دستانش سردتر از یخ بود.

When dealing with the metaphorical side of 'سردتر'—describing human emotions and behavior—there are several excellent alternatives. 'بی‌احساس‌تر' (bi-ehsas-tar) means 'more emotionless' or 'more apathetic'. If someone's behavior has become colder, you could also say they have become 'bi-ehsas-tar'.

لحن او سردتر شده بود.

بی‌تفاوت‌تر (Bi-tafavot-tar): Means 'more indifferent'. This captures the aspect of emotional coldness that stems from a lack of caring or interest in the other person.

'بی‌تفاوت‌تر' (bi-tafavot-tar), meaning 'more indifferent', is another great synonym for emotional coldness. While 'سردتر' is a fantastic, versatile word, knowing when to swap it out for 'خنک‌تر' to describe a pleasant breeze, 'یخ‌تر' to complain about a freezing room, or 'بی‌تفاوت‌تر' to describe a failing relationship will elevate your Persian from intermediate to advanced.

هرچه بالاتر می‌رفتیم، هوا سردتر می‌شد.

Understanding these subtle differences ensures that you are not just translating English thoughts into Persian words, but actually thinking and expressing yourself within the cultural and linguistic framework of the Persian language.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Superlative Adjectives (adding -tarin)

The Preposition 'az' (از)

Ezafe Construction (linking nouns and adjectives)

Verbs of State Change (shodan - شدن)

Adverbs of Degree (kheyli, kami)

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수준별 예문

هوا سردتر است.

The weather is colder.

Simple subject + comparative adjective + 'to be' verb.

چای سردتر شد.

The tea got colder.

Using 'shod' (became) to show a change in state.

امروز سردتر است.

Today is colder.

Adverb of time used as the subject context.

آب سردتر است.

The water is colder.

Basic noun + comparative.

شب سردتر است.

The night is colder.

Simple sentence describing a time of day.

این اتاق سردتر است.

This room is colder.

Demonstrative pronoun 'in' (this) modifying the noun.

من سردتر هستم.

I am colder.

Using the first-person 'to be' verb 'hastam'.

غذا سردتر شد.

The food got colder.

Noun + comparative + verb of change.

تهران از اهواز سردتر است.

Tehran is colder than Ahvaz.

Standard comparative structure: [A] az [B] sard-tar ast.

زمستان از پاییز سردتر است.

Winter is colder than autumn.

Comparing seasons using 'az'.

این لباس برای هوای سردتر است.

This clothes is for colder weather.

Attributive use: havay-e sard-tar (connected by ezafe).

دیروز هوا خیلی سردتر بود.

Yesterday the weather was much colder.

Using the intensifier 'kheyli' (very/much) and past tense 'bood'.

آیا بیرون سردتر است؟

Is it colder outside?

Question formation using 'Aya' (optional) and rising intonation.

لطفاً آب سردتر بیاورید.

Please bring colder water.

Imperative sentence with attributive adjective.

دست‌های من از دست‌های تو سردتر است.

My hands are colder than your hands.

Comparing body parts with possessive pronouns.

کدام شهر سردتر است؟

Which city is colder?

Question word 'kodam' (which) with comparative.

رفتار او با من سردتر شده است.

His/her behavior towards me has become colder.

Metaphorical use for emotions; present perfect tense 'shodeh ast'.

هر روز که می‌گذرد، هوا سردتر می‌شود.

Every day that passes, the weather becomes colder.

Complex sentence with a dependent clause indicating progression.

من انتظار داشتم هوای اینجا سردتر باشد.

I expected the weather here to be colder.

Subjunctive mood 'baashad' after a verb of expectation.

نگاهش از همیشه سردتر بود.

His/her look was colder than ever.

Idiomatic comparison 'az hamisheh' (than always/ever).

باید به یک منطقه سردتر سفر کنیم.

We must travel to a colder region.

Modal verb 'baayad' (must) followed by subjunctive.

این قهوه کمی سردتر از چیزی است که دوست دارم.

This coffee is a little colder than what I like.

Using 'kami' (a little) and a relative clause 'chizi ke' (what/the thing that).

رابطه بین دو کشور سردتر شد.

The relationship between the two countries became colder.

Metaphorical use in a political/formal context.

هیچ چیز سردتر از تنهایی نیست.

Nothing is colder than loneliness.

Negative absolute comparison using 'hich chiz' (nothing).

هرچه به قله نزدیک‌تر می‌شدیم، هوا به مراتب سردتر می‌شد.

The closer we got to the peak, the significantly colder the weather became.

Correlative comparative structure 'har-che... [tar], ... [tar]' (the more... the more).

با وجود اینکه خورشید می‌تابید، باد سردتری وزیدن گرفت.

Even though the sun was shining, a colder wind began to blow.

Concessive clause 'ba vojood-e in-ke' (even though) with an attributive comparative.

فضای جلسه پس از آن بحث، به وضوح سردتر شد.

The atmosphere of the meeting became noticeably colder after that argument.

Abstract noun 'fazaa' (atmosphere) modified by the comparative.

او با لحنی سردتر از معمول پاسخ داد.

He/she replied with a tone colder than usual.

Prepositional phrase 'ba lahni' (with a tone) modified by the comparative.

سرمایه‌گذاران نسبت به این پروژه رویکرد سردتری نشان دادند.

Investors showed a colder approach towards this project.

Formal vocabulary 'rooykard' (approach) with an attributive comparative.

پیش‌بینی می‌شود که امسال زمستان به مراتب سردتری داشته باشیم.

It is predicted that we will have a significantly colder winter this year.

Passive voice 'pish-bini mishavad' (it is predicted) followed by subjunctive.

احساس کردم که استقبال آن‌ها نسبت به سال گذشته سردتر بود.

I felt that their reception was colder compared to last year.

Complex sentence expressing subjective feeling and comparison over time.

رنگ‌های استفاده شده در این نقاشی، حس سردتری را القا می‌کنند.

The colors used in this painting induce a colder feeling.

Artistic/descriptive context using 'hes' (feeling) and 'elghaa kardan' (to induce).

در پی این تحولات، روابط دیپلماتیک دو کشور رو به سردتر شدن گرایید.

Following these developments, the diplomatic relations of the two countries tended towards becoming colder.

Highly formal phrasing 'roo be... gerayid' (tended towards).

نویسنده با مهارتی خاص، فضای سردتر و تاریک‌تری را در فصل دوم رمان ترسیم می‌کند.

With specific skill, the author depicts a colder and darker atmosphere in the second chapter of the novel.

Literary critique vocabulary 'tarsim mikonad' (depicts) with paired comparatives.

برخلاف پیش‌بینی‌های اولیه، بازار مسکن واکنش سردتری به این سیاست‌ها نشان داد.

Contrary to initial predictions, the housing market showed a colder reaction to these policies.

Economic/analytical context using 'vaakonesh' (reaction).

لبخندش، اگرچه مودبانه بود، اما از زمهریر هم سردتر می‌نمود.

His/her smile, although polite, appeared colder than the freezing hell.

Poetic/literary exaggeration using 'zamharir' (mythological freezing hell) and 'minemood' (appeared).

تغییرات اقلیمی موجب شده تا برخی مناطق عرض‌های جغرافیایی بالاتر، دوره‌های سردتری را تجربه کنند.

Climate change has caused some higher latitude regions to experience colder periods.

Scientific/academic register with complex noun phrases.

سکوت حاکم بر اتاق، از هر کلام گزنده‌ای سردتر و برنده‌تر بود.

The silence governing the room was colder and more cutting than any biting word.

Advanced literary imagery comparing silence to physical coldness.

او با اتخاذ موضعی سردتر، سعی در پنهان کردن احساسات واقعی‌اش داشت.

By adopting a colder stance, he/she tried to hide his/her true feelings.

Psychological description using 'ettekhaaz-e moze' (adopting a stance).

هرچه جامعه به سمت صنعتی شدن پیش می‌رود، روابط انسانی سردتر و مکانیکی‌تر جلوه می‌کند.

As society progresses towards industrialization, human relations appear colder and more mechanical.

Sociological commentary using 'jelveh mikonad' (appears/manifests).

در این وانفسای بی‌مهری، چه باک اگر زمستانِ طبیعت از زمستانِ دل‌ها سردتر نباشد؟

In this chaotic time of unkindness, what fear is there if the winter of nature is not colder than the winter of hearts?

Classical poetic structure using rhetorical questioning ('che baak') and metaphorical juxtaposition.

انجماد فکری او به مراتب از سرمای استخوان‌سوز دی‌ماه سردتر و کشنده‌تر می‌نمود.

His intellectual freezing appeared significantly colder and more lethal than the bone-chilling cold of Dey (mid-winter month).

Highly advanced metaphorical phrasing 'enjemaad-e fekri' (intellectual freezing).

دیپلماسیِ انفعالی، لاجرم به شکل‌گیری بلوک‌بندی‌های سردتر و شکننده‌تر در عرصه بین‌الملل می‌انجامد.

Passive diplomacy inevitably leads to the formation of colder and more fragile blocs in the international arena.

Academic political science register using 'laajaram' (inevitably) and 'bolook-bandi' (bloc formation).

طنز تلخ و گزنده او، فضایی سردتر از سردابه‌های باستانی را در ذهن مخاطب تداعی می‌کرد.

His bitter and biting satire evoked an atmosphere colder than ancient crypts in the audience's mind.

Literary critique using evocative imagery 'sardaabeh-haay-e baastaani' (ancient crypts).

در پسِ آن نگاهِ ظاهراً بی‌تفاوت، خشمی نهفته بود که از تیغِ یخی سردتر می‌برید.

Behind that seemingly indifferent look, there lay a hidden anger that cut colder than an icy blade.

Advanced narrative description using 'dar pas-e' (behind) and 'tigh-e yakhi' (icy blade).

فروپاشیِ آرمان‌شهرِ موعود، واقعیتِ سردتر و زمخت‌تری را پیش روی روشنفکران قرار داد.

The collapse of the promised utopia placed a colder and harsher reality before the intellectuals.

Philosophical/historical discourse using 'aarman-shahr' (utopia) and 'zomokht' (harsh/rough).

موسیقیِ متنِ فیلم، با استفاده از آکوردهای دیسونانس، اتمسفری به غایت سردتر و وهم‌آلودتر خلق کرده است.

The film's soundtrack, using dissonant chords, has created an atmosphere that is extremely colder and more hallucinatory.

Cinematic critique using 'be ghaayat' (extremely) and 'vahm-aalood' (hallucinatory).

آنان که در کوره حوادث آبدیده نشده‌اند، با وزشِ نخستین نسیمِ ناملایمات، سردتر از خاکستر می‌شوند.

Those who have not been tempered in the furnace of events, become colder than ashes with the blowing of the first breeze of adversity.

Proverbial/didactic tone using 'kooreh-ye havaades' (furnace of events) and 'aabdideh' (tempered).

자주 쓰는 조합

هوای سردتر

آب سردتر

نگاه سردتر

رفتار سردتر

زمستان سردتر

کمی سردتر

خیلی سردتر

به مراتب سردتر

روز به روز سردتر

فضای سردتر

자주 쓰는 구문

سردتر شدن

سردتر کردن

از یخ سردتر

سردتر از همیشه

هر روز سردتر

کمی سردتر از

خیلی سردتر از

به مراتب سردتر از

سردتر به نظر رسیدن

سردتر احساس شدن

자주 혼동되는 단어

سردتر vs خنک‌تر (khonak-tar - cooler/refreshing)

سردتر vs سردترین (sard-tarin - coldest)

سردتر vs بیشتر سرد (bishtar sard - more cold/incorrect grammar)

관용어 및 표현

"آبی سردتر بر آتش ریختن"

"نگاهی سردتر از زمهریر"

"دلی سردتر از سنگ"

"بازاری سردتر از زمستان"

"لبخندی سردتر از مرگ"

"تنوری سردتر از یخ"

"آهی سردتر از باد دی"

"خونی سردتر از مار"

"کلامی سردتر از برف"

"مهری سردتر از پاییز"

혼동하기 쉬운

سردتر vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

note

While 'sard-tar' is grammatically correct for any cold situation, culturally, Iranians prefer 'khonak-tar' (cooler) when the drop in temperature is a relief (like in summer). Using 'sard-tar' in summer implies the AC is too high and you are uncomfortable.

자주 하는 실수

Saying 'بیشتر سرد' (bishtar sard) instead of 'سردتر' (sard-tar).
Forgetting to use 'از' (az) when comparing two specific nouns.
Pronouncing it 'sar-de-tar' with an extra vowel sound.
Using 'سردتر' when 'خنک‌تر' (cooler/refreshing) is culturally appropriate.
Confusing it with 'سردترین' (sard-tarin), which means 'the coldest'.

팁

The Magic Suffix

Remember that the suffix '-tar' is your best friend in Persian. It works for almost every single adjective to make it comparative. Once you know 'sard-tar', you automatically know how to make 'garm-tar' (warmer), 'bozorg-tar' (bigger), and 'koochek-tar' (smaller).

Avoid the Extra Vowel

English speakers naturally want to break up the 'rdt' consonants by saying 'sar-de-tar'. Force yourself to link the 'd' and 't' directly. Practice it in front of a mirror, ensuring your jaw doesn't drop to make an 'e' sound between the letters.

Khonak vs. Sard

Write this down in your notes: Khonak = Good Cool. Sard = Bad Cold. If you tell your Iranian host that their house is 'sard-tar', they will rush to turn on the heater. If you say it is 'khonak-tar', they will smile, thinking you are comfortable.

The 'Az' Bridge

Think of the word 'از' (az) as a bridge that must connect the two things you are comparing. If you have two nouns in your sentence and a '-tar' adjective, the 'az' bridge must be there. Noun 1 + az + Noun 2.

Colloquial Shortening

To sound like a native immediately, stop saying 'ast' at the end of your sentences in casual settings. Change 'Hava sard-tar ast' to 'Hava sard-tare'. This tiny tweak makes a massive difference in how natural you sound.

The Tea Rule

Iranians take their tea very seriously. It must be hot. If you are served tea and you let it sit, someone will inevitably point out that it is getting 'sard-tar' and offer you a fresh, hot cup. It's a sign of hospitality.

Spelling the Suffix

In written Persian, the suffix 'تر' is usually attached directly to the word without a space (سردتر). However, in some modern typing conventions or with very long words, you might see a zero-width non-joiner used. For 'سردتر', keeping it attached is standard.

Relationship Thermometer

Use 'sard-tar' as a thermometer for relationships. If a friend is mad at you, their texts will be 'sard-tar'. If a romantic relationship is failing, it gets 'sard-tar'. It's a very expressive way to talk about feelings without naming the specific emotion.

Making it Stronger

Never use 'bishtar' (more) to intensify a comparative. Use 'kheyli' (very). 'Kheyli sard-tar' means much colder. This is a very common mistake that is easily avoided once you know the rule.

Weather Reports

A great way to practice this word is to listen to Persian weather forecasts on YouTube or the radio. You will hear 'sard-tar' and 'garm-tar' used constantly, giving you perfect exposure to the native pronunciation and context.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a SARDine swimming in TAR. It gets stuck and becomes COLDER because it can't move to stay warm.

어원

Middle Persian

문화적 맥락

Winter (Zemestan) and its coldness is famously used in Mehdi Akhavan-Sales's poem 'Zemestan' to symbolize political suppression.

In traditional medicine, eating too many 'cold' (sard) foods can cause lethargy. A food that is 'sard-tar' requires more 'warm' spices (like cinnamon or ginger) to balance it.

Emotional coldness is highly frowned upon. A 'sard' greeting is considered rude.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"فکر می‌کنی زمستان امسال سردتر از پارسال باشد؟ (Do you think this winter will be colder than last year?)"

"چرا رفتار او اینقدر سردتر شده است؟ (Why has his/her behavior become so much colder?)"

"کدام شهر ایران از همه سردتر است؟ (Which city in Iran is the colder/coldest?)"

"دوست داری به یک جای سردتر سفر کنیم؟ (Would you like us to travel to a colder place?)"

"چای شما سردتر شده، می‌خواهید عوضش کنم؟ (Your tea has gotten colder, do you want me to change it?)"

일기 주제

Write about a time you traveled to a city that was much colder than your hometown.

Describe a situation where a friend's behavior became colder towards you. How did you react?

Compare your favorite season to the season you like least using comparative adjectives.

Write a short weather report for tomorrow, predicting colder temperatures.

Explain the difference between 'sard-tar' and 'khonak-tar' using examples from your own life.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

To say 'much colder', you add the word 'خیلی' (kheyli), which means 'very' or 'much', before the adjective. The correct phrase is 'خیلی سردتر' (kheyli sard-tar). In more formal writing, you can use 'به مراتب سردتر' (be maraateb sard-tar), which means 'significantly colder'. Never use 'بیشتر' (bishtar - more) to say 'much colder'.

Yes, absolutely. Just like in English, 'سرد' (cold) and 'سردتر' (colder) are frequently used metaphorically to describe someone who is emotionally distant, unfriendly, or lacking affection. If a friend stops calling you, you might say 'رفتارش سردتر شده' (His behavior has become colder).

'سردتر' (sard-tar) means colder, often implying a temperature that is uncomfortably low or chilly. 'خنک‌تر' (khonak-tar) means cooler, but in a pleasant, refreshing way. If it's a hot summer day and a nice breeze blows, you say it got 'khonak-tar'. If it's winter and a freezing wind blows, you say it got 'sard-tar'.

You only need to use 'از' (than) if you are explicitly mentioning the thing you are comparing against in the same sentence. For example, 'Tehran az Shiraz sard-tar ast' (Tehran is colder than Shiraz). If the context is clear, you can just say 'Hava sard-tar ast' (The weather is colder [than before]).

In colloquial, spoken Persian, the verb 'است' (ast - is) is almost always shortened to an 'e' sound attached to the end of the previous word. So, 'sard-tar ast' becomes 'sard-tar-e'. This makes the speech flow much faster and sound more natural. You should write 'ast' but say 'e' in casual conversation.

Yes, it is grammatically incorrect. Persian uses the suffix '-tar' to form comparatives, just like '-er' in English. Saying 'bishtar sard' is like saying 'more cold' or 'more colder' in English. You should always use the single word 'سردتر' (sard-tar).

This consonant cluster can be tricky. The key is to not insert an extra vowel sound. Do not say 'sar-de-tar'. Keep your tongue in position for the 'd' sound and immediately release it into the 't' sound. Practice saying it slowly: sar-d-tar, until the transition is smooth.

Yes, it is very common. If your tea has cooled down too much, you say 'چای سردتر است' (The tea is colder). If you want ice water, you might ask the waiter for 'آب سردتر' (colder water). It applies to any physical object's temperature.

The superlative form, meaning 'the coldest', is created by adding the suffix '-tarin' to the root adjective. So, 'سرد' (sard) becomes 'سردترین' (sard-tarin). For example, 'سردترین شهر' (sard-tarin shahr) means 'the coldest city'.

Yes, Persian is rich in idioms. A common one is comparing someone's coldness to ice or winter. For example, 'نگاهش از یخ سردتر بود' (His look was colder than ice). In classical poetry, you might see comparisons to 'زمهریر' (zamharir), the mythological freezing hell.

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