मुफ़्त
मुफ़्त in 30 Seconds
- Muft means 'free' in terms of money.
- It is a Persian loanword used widely in Hindi.
- It differs from 'free' as in 'liberty' (azaad).
- Commonly used in markets and for political 'freebies'.
The Hindi word मुफ़्त (Muft) is a cornerstone of daily commerce and social interaction in the Hindi-speaking world. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'free' in English, specifically referring to the absence of monetary cost or payment. However, its roots and usage patterns reveal a much deeper linguistic history. Borrowed from Persian, 'muft' has become so integrated into Hindi that it is used across all registers, from the most casual street slang to formal business advertisements. Unlike the English word 'free', which can also mean 'liberty' or 'unrestricted', 'muft' is strictly tied to the concept of 'gratis'.
- Core Definition
- Obtained without payment; costing nothing; given as a gift or a complimentary addition to a purchase.
यह नमूना बिल्कुल मुफ़्त है। (This sample is absolutely free.)
In the context of Indian markets, 'muft' is the magic word that drives consumer behavior. You will see it emblazoned on banners for 'Buy One Get One Free' offers (एक के साथ एक मुफ़्त). It carries a sense of getting something extra, a bonus that wasn't expected. It is important to distinguish this from 'Nishulk' (निःशुल्क), which is the Sanskrit-derived formal equivalent often found in government documents or academic settings. While 'muft' feels conversational and immediate, 'nishulk' feels official and structured.
- Etymological Root
- Derived from the Persian 'muft', signifying something gained without effort or price.
आजकल इंटरनेट पर बहुत कुछ मुफ़्त मिलता है। (Nowadays, a lot of things are available for free on the internet.)
When you use 'muft', you are talking about the price tag. If a waiter brings you a complimentary dessert, it is 'muft'. If a friend gives you a ticket they didn't need, it is 'muft'. It covers everything from 'free of charge' to 'complimentary' and 'gratis'. In a broader philosophical sense, it can also imply something obtained without hard work, leading to the common Hindi proverb 'Muft ki sharab qazi ko bhi halal' (Even a judge finds free wine permissible), highlighting the universal temptation of free things.
क्या यह सलाह मुफ़्त है? (Is this advice free?)
- Social Nuance
- While 'free' is positive in marketing, calling someone a 'muft-khor' is a significant insult, implying they are a parasite on others' resources.
हवा और धूप सबके लिए मुफ़्त हैं। (Air and sunlight are free for everyone.)
उसे मुफ़्त में यह घर मिल गया। (He got this house for free.)
Using मुफ़्त (Muft) correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as an adjective and its adverbial usage. It usually precedes the noun it describes or follows a linking verb. For example, 'muft khana' (free food) or 'khana muft hai' (the food is free). One of the most common ways to use it is with the postposition 'mein' (में), as in 'muft mein' (for free). This construction is used when describing the manner in which something was acquired.
- Adjectival Use
- Directly modifying a noun: 'Muft seva' (Free service), 'Muft ticket' (Free ticket).
यहाँ मुफ़्त वाई-फाई उपलब्ध है। (Free Wi-Fi is available here.)
When you want to emphasize that something was obtained without any effort or cost, you might use the phrase 'muft-muft'. In colloquial Hindi, 'muft' is often paired with 'phokat' (फोकट), which is a more slangy, slightly more aggressive way of saying 'free' or 'useless'. For instance, 'phokat mein' means getting something for nothing, often with the implication that it wasn't deserved. As a learner, stick to 'muft' for general use and 'muft mein' for 'for free'.
- Adverbial Use
- Using 'muft mein' to describe an action: 'Usne muft mein kaam kiya' (He worked for free).
मुझे यह किताब मुफ़्त में मिली। (I got this book for free.)
In business contexts, 'muft' is used in slogans. 'Ek par ek muft' (Buy one get one free) is the most common. You might also see 'Muft vitaran' (Free distribution). If you are at a restaurant and want to ask if the water is free, you would say, 'Kya paani muft hai?'. If you want to offer someone something for free, you could say, 'Yeh aapke liye muft hai'. It is a very versatile word that fits into almost any sentence where 'zero cost' is the theme.
क्या आप मुफ़्त सलाह देते हैं? (Do you give free advice?)
- Common Collocations
- Muft ka (of free), Muft mein (for free), Muft-khor (freeloader), Muft-hath (empty-handed/without paying).
सरकार मुफ़्त शिक्षा प्रदान करती है। (The government provides free education.)
उसे मुफ़्त की चीज़ें पसंद हैं। (He likes free things.)
The word मुफ़्त (Muft) is ubiquitous in Indian public life. If you walk through a bustling 'bazaar' (market) in Delhi, Mumbai, or Jaipur, you will hear shopkeepers shouting 'Ek ke saath ek muft!' to attract customers. It is the heartbeat of Indian retail psychology. Beyond the market, you will hear it in political speeches where leaders promise 'muft bijli' (free electricity) or 'muft paani' (free water) to the electorate. These 'freebies' are a major part of the political discourse in India.
- In the Market
- Sales, discounts, and 'Buy 1 Get 1' offers are the most common places to see 'Muft'.
सेल! एक शर्ट के साथ एक मुफ़्त! (Sale! One shirt free with one!)
In digital spaces, 'muft' is used for free apps, free trials, and free content. YouTube ads in Hindi often use the word to highlight that a service has no subscription fee. In casual conversation, friends might use it when one person is always relying on others to pay—calling them a 'muft-khor'. You'll also hear it in Bollywood movies, often in comedic scenes where a character is trying to get something for nothing or in dramatic scenes where someone says, 'I don't want your free pity' (Mujhe tumhari muft ki hamdardi nahi chahiye).
- In Politics
- The term 'Revdi culture' is often used in news to describe the practice of giving 'muft' goods for votes.
चुनाव से पहले मुफ़्त उपहार बांटे गए। (Free gifts were distributed before the election.)
You will also encounter 'muft' in social service contexts. NGOs might offer 'muft chikitsa' (free medical treatment) or 'muft bhojan' (free meals). In these cases, the word carries a sense of charity and social welfare. In religious settings, like a 'Langar' (community kitchen) in a Gurudwara, the food is always 'muft', though the more respectful term 'Prasad' or 'Seva' might be used to describe the act of giving. Understanding 'muft' is essential for navigating both the commercial and social landscapes of India.
अस्पताल में मुफ़्त जाँच हो रही है। (Free checkups are happening in the hospital.)
- Daily Phrases
- 'Muft ki salah' (Unsolicited/free advice), 'Muft ka maal' (Free stuff/loot).
क्या यह पार्किंग मुफ़्त है? (Is this parking free?)
इंटरनेट पर मुफ़्त फ़िल्में देखें। (Watch free movies on the internet.)
The most frequent mistake English speakers make with मुफ़्त (Muft) is using it to translate 'free' in the sense of 'liberty' or 'availability'. In English, 'I am free today' means you have no plans. In Hindi, saying 'Main aaj muft hoon' would sound like you are available for purchase at zero cost, which is nonsensical or potentially offensive. For 'free time' or 'being free', you must use 'khaali' (खाली) or 'azaad' (आज़ाद).
- Mistake 1: Free Time
- Incorrect: 'Main muft hoon.' Correct: 'Main khaali hoon' (I am free/available).
गलत: क्या आप मुफ़्त हैं? (Wrong: Are you free? - as in available)
Another mistake is the confusion between 'Muft' and 'Nishulk'. While they mean the same thing, using 'Nishulk' in a casual conversation with a vegetable vendor will make you sound like a textbook or a government official. Conversely, using 'Muft' in a very formal legal contract might be seen as slightly too colloquial, although it is becoming more acceptable. Always consider the 'register' of your conversation.
- Mistake 2: Liberty
- Incorrect: 'Bharat ek muft desh hai.' Correct: 'Bharat ek azaad desh hai' (India is a free/independent country).
सही: पंछी आज़ाद हैं। (Correct: Birds are free/liberated.)
Learners also often forget the postposition 'mein' when using 'muft' as an adverb. While 'Muft mila' (got it free) is common, 'Muft mein mila' is more grammatically standard for 'got it for free'. Also, be careful with the word 'Muft-khor'. While it might sound like a funny compound word, it is a genuine insult. Calling someone a 'muft-khor' can end a friendship or start an argument, as it implies they are lazy and parasitic.
सावधान: किसी को मुफ़्तखोर न कहें। (Caution: Don't call anyone a freeloader.)
- Mistake 3: Over-reliance on 'Muft'
- Don't use 'muft' for 'empty'. An empty box is 'khaali dabba', not 'muft dabba'.
यह डिब्बा खाली है। (This box is empty.)
मुझे मुफ़्त में कुछ नहीं चाहिए। (I don't want anything for free.)
To truly master मुफ़्त (Muft), you must understand its synonyms and how they differ in shade and context. The most prominent synonym is निःशुल्क (Nishulk). While 'muft' is Persian and colloquial, 'nishulk' is Sanskrit and formal. You will see 'Nishulk' on hospital signs, government portals, and school applications. It literally means 'without (ni) fee (shulk)'.
- Muft vs. Nishulk
- 'Muft' is for the street and shop; 'Nishulk' is for the office and the document.
सरकारी स्कूल में शिक्षा निःशुल्क है। (Education in government schools is free of charge.)
Another word often heard in Mumbai or in Bollywood is फोकट (Phokat). This is very informal and can sometimes be slightly derogatory. If you get something 'phokat mein', it implies it was useless or you got it without any merit. Then there is मुफ़्तख़ोर (Muft-khor), which is a noun derived from 'muft'. It refers to a person, not an object. It's the equivalent of 'moocher' or 'freeloader'.
- Related Terms
- Sasta (Cheap), Bhent (Gift/Offering), Inaam (Prize/Reward).
वह फोकट की बातें कर रहा है। (He is talking nonsense/useless things.)
It's also useful to know बिल्कुल मुफ़्त (Bilkul Muft), which means 'absolutely free'. This is a common marketing intensifier. In contrast, 'Sasta' (cheap) implies a low cost, but not zero. Sometimes people use 'Muft' hyperbolically to mean something was so cheap it was practically free. Understanding these distinctions helps you choose the right word for the right social setting, ensuring you don't sound too formal at a party or too casual in a meeting.
यह सेवा मुफ़्त नहीं है। (This service is not free.)
- Opposites
- Mehanga (Expensive), Kimti (Valuable), Shulk-sahit (With fee).
क्या यहाँ कुछ भी मुफ़्त है? (Is anything free here?)
सब कुछ मुफ़्त में नहीं मिलता। (Everything is not available for free.)
How Formal Is It?
Difficulty Rating
Grammar to Know
Adjective placement
Postposition 'mein'
Invariable adjectives
Compound words with 'khor'
Negative construction with 'nahi'
Examples by Level
यह पानी मुफ़्त है।
This water is free.
Simple subject + adjective + verb.
क्या यह मुफ़्त है?
Is this free?
Interrogative sentence.
एक के साथ एक मुफ़्त।
Buy one get one free.
Common market phrase.
चाय मुफ़्त नहीं है।
Tea is not free.
Negative sentence.
मुफ़्त खाना यहाँ मिलता है।
Free food is available here.
'Muft' modifying the noun 'khana'.
यह बैग मुफ़्त है।
This bag is free.
Demonstrative pronoun + noun + adjective.
सब कुछ मुफ़्त है।
Everything is free.
'Sab kuch' (everything) as subject.
मुफ़्त टिकट कहाँ है?
Where is the free ticket?
Interrogative with 'kahan'.
मुझे यह मुफ़्त में मिला।
I got this for free.
Use of 'muft mein' as an adverbial phrase.
यहाँ मुफ़्त वाई-फाई है।
There is free Wi-Fi here.
Adjective 'muft' before the noun.
क्या आप मुफ़्त सलाह देते हैं?
Do you give free advice?
Direct object 'muft salaah'.
वह मुफ़्त की चीज़ें ढूँढ रहा है।
He is looking for free things.
Use of 'muft ki' (of free).
यह ऐप मुफ़्त में डाउनलोड करें।
Download this app for free.
Imperative sentence.
मुफ़्त नमूने यहाँ उपलब्ध हैं।
Free samples are available here.
Plural subject 'muft namune'.
पार्किंग मुफ़्त है।
Parking is free.
Simple predicate adjective.
हमें मुफ़्त पास मिले।
We got free passes.
Indirect object 'humein'.
सरकार मुफ़्त शिक्षा प्रदान करती है।
The government provides free education.
Formal sentence structure.
मुफ़्त की सलाह अक्सर महँगी पड़ती है।
Free advice often proves expensive.
Proverbial usage.
उसने मुफ़्त में मेरा काम कर दिया।
He did my work for free.
Adverbial 'muft mein'.
क्या यह मुफ़्त सेवा हमेशा रहेगी?
Will this free service always remain?
Future tense interrogative.
इंटरनेट पर बहुत सारी जानकारी मुफ़्त है।
A lot of information is free on the internet.
Quantifier 'bahut saari'.
वह मुफ़्तखोर इंसान है।
He is a freeloader.
Compound noun 'muft-khor'.
मुफ़्त वितरण कल सुबह होगा।
Free distribution will happen tomorrow morning.
Noun phrase 'muft vitaran'.
मुझे मुफ़्त की चीज़ें पसंद नहीं हैं।
I don't like free things.
Expressing preference.
चुनाव के दौरान मुफ़्त उपहार बाँटना गलत है।
Distributing free gifts during elections is wrong.
Gerundial subject 'baantna'.
आजकल कुछ भी मुफ़्त नहीं मिलता।
Nowadays, nothing is available for free.
Adverb 'aajkal'.
उसने मुफ़्त में अपना घर दे दिया।
He gave away his house for free.
Emphasis on the act of giving.
मुफ़्त बिजली की योजना बहुत लोकप्रिय है।
The free electricity scheme is very popular.
Compound subject 'muft bijli ki yojna'.
क्या आपको लगता है कि शिक्षा मुफ़्त होनी चाहिए?
Do you think education should be free?
Subordinate clause with 'ki'.
उसने मुफ़्त की शराब के चक्कर में अपनी सेहत बिगाड़ ली।
He ruined his health for the sake of free alcohol.
Complex cause-effect sentence.
यह कंपनी मुफ़्त परीक्षण की सुविधा देती है।
This company provides a free trial facility.
Business terminology.
मुफ़्त का माल हमेशा अच्छा नहीं होता।
Free stuff is not always good.
Idiomatic expression.
लोकतंत्र में मुफ़्त की राजनीति के अपने खतरे हैं।
In a democracy, the politics of freebies has its own dangers.
Abstract political discussion.
उसने अपनी पूरी ज़िंदगी मुफ़्त सेवा में लगा दी।
He dedicated his entire life to free service.
Describing life dedication.
मुफ़्त की चीज़ों के पीछे अक्सर छिपी हुई कीमतें होती हैं।
There are often hidden costs behind free things.
Philosophical/Economic observation.
साहित्य में 'मुफ़्त' शब्द का प्रयोग विडंबना के लिए किया जा सकता है।
In literature, the word 'muft' can be used for irony.
Linguistic analysis.
उसने मुफ़्त में मिली शोहरत को संभाल नहीं पाया।
He couldn't handle the fame he got for free (without effort).
Metaphorical use of 'muft'.
क्या मुफ़्तखोरी समाज के लिए एक अभिशाप है?
Is freeloading a curse for society?
Abstract noun 'muft-khori'.
इस मुफ़्त के दौर में निजता की कीमत कौन चुकाएगा?
In this era of 'free', who will pay the price of privacy?
Rhetorical question.
उसने मुफ़्त की हमदर्दी लेने से साफ़ मना कर दिया।
He flatly refused to accept free (unearned) sympathy.
Emotional nuance.
मुफ़्त की इस संस्कृति ने नागरिक की आत्मनिर्भरता को प्रभावित किया है।
This culture of freebies has affected the self-reliance of the citizen.
High-level sociological critique.
ग़ालिब ने मुफ़्त की शराब और उसके रूहानी असर पर कई शेर लिखे हैं।
Ghalib has written many verses on free wine and its spiritual effect.
Literary reference.
अर्थशास्त्र का यह सिद्धांत है कि 'मुफ़्त का लंच' जैसी कोई चीज़ नहीं होती।
It is a principle of economics that there is no such thing as a 'free lunch'.
Translating economic concepts.
उसकी बातों में मुफ़्त का आत्मविश्वास था, जिसकी कोई बुनियाद नहीं थी।
There was a 'free' (unfounded) confidence in his words, which had no foundation.
Highly metaphorical adjective use.
क्या हम मुफ़्त के इस मायाजाल से कभी बाहर निकल पाएंगे?
Will we ever be able to escape this illusion of 'free'?
Metaphorical 'mayajaal'.
मुफ़्त का चन्दन घिस मेरे नन्दन - यह कहावत आज भी प्रासंगिक है।
'Rub the free sandalwood, my son' - this proverb is still relevant today.
Classical proverb analysis.
उसने मुफ़्त की मिली विरासत को मिट्टी में मिला दिया।
He squandered the inheritance he received for free (without effort).
Describing waste of resources.
मुफ़्तखोरी की प्रवृत्ति मानवीय गरिमा के विरुद्ध हो सकती है।
The tendency towards freeloading can be against human dignity.
Philosophical/Ethical statement.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
Often Confused With
Idioms & Expressions
Easily Confused
Sentence Patterns
How to Use It
Only use for monetary cost.
Usually takes 'mein' to become an adverb.
It stays 'muft' for a boy or a girl.
- Using 'Muft' for 'Free time'.
- Using 'Muft' for 'Political liberty'.
- Forgetting 'mein' in 'Muft mein'.
- Confusing 'Muft' with 'Mukt'.
- Using 'Muft' in very high-level formal legal documents.
Tips
Bargaining
Always ask for 'Muft' extras when buying vegetables in India.
Invariable
Don't change the ending of 'Muft' for feminine nouns.
Formal vs Informal
Use 'Nishulk' on signs and 'Muft' in speech.
Gifts
Call a gift an 'Uphaar' rather than 'Muft ka maal' to be polite.
Ads
Watch Indian TV ads to hear the catchy use of 'Muft'.
Adverb
Remember to add 'mein' when saying you did something for free.
Compound Words
Learn 'Muft-khor' but use it very carefully.
Zero
Think of 'Muft' as the 'Money-Zero' word.
Internet
Most 'Free' buttons on Hindi websites will say 'Muft'.
Free Time
Never say 'Main muft hoon' to mean you are available.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
MUFT sounds like 'Must'. You 'Must' get it if it's 'Muft'!
Word Origin
Persian
Cultural Context
Free electricity and water are major election promises.
Don't call a gift 'muft' to the giver's face; call it an 'uphaar'.
Guests are often given things 'muft' as a sign of welcome.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Conversation Starters
"क्या इस होटल में नाश्ता मुफ़्त है?"
"आपको मुफ़्त की चीज़ें कैसी लगती हैं?"
"क्या सरकार को सब कुछ मुफ़्त देना चाहिए?"
"क्या आपको कभी मुफ़्त में कोई महँगी चीज़ मिली है?"
"मुफ़्त वाई-फाई कहाँ मिल सकता है?"
Journal Prompts
Write about a time you got something for free.
Do you think 'muft' education is a right?
Describe the 'muft' services in your city.
Is 'muft' always good? Explain your view.
What would you like to give for free to the world?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsNo, for that use 'Khaali'. 'Muft' only refers to money.
It is neutral. However, 'Nishulk' is more formal and 'Muft-khor' is rude.
No, use 'Azaad' for a free country.
'Muft' is standard; 'Phokat' is slang and can be slightly negative.
Yes, it is a Persian word common to both Hindi and Urdu.
Say 'Muft mein'.
The word itself doesn't change, but it can describe plural nouns.
Yes, very frequently in sales and marketing.
It is the act of being a freeloader or mooching.
No, 'Mukt' is related to 'Moksha', not 'Muft'.
Test Yourself 180 questions
Write a sentence using 'Muft' to describe a free meal.
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Translate: 'I got this book for free.'
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Write a slogan for a sale using 'Muft'.
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Use 'Muft-khor' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'Is the parking free here?'
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Write a sentence about free education.
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Explain the difference between 'Muft' and 'Azaad' in Hindi.
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Translate: 'Nothing is free in this world.'
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Use 'Muft mein' as an adverb in a sentence.
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Write a sentence about a free medical camp.
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Translate: 'I don't want your free advice.'
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Write a sentence about free Wi-Fi in a cafe.
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Use 'Bilkul muft' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'He is looking for free samples.'
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Write a sentence about political freebies.
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Translate: 'Free entry for children.'
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Use 'Muft ka maal' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'Is this water free or paid?'
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Write a sentence about a free app.
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Use 'Nishulk' in a formal sentence.
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Say 'This is free' in Hindi.
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Ask 'Is the water free?' in Hindi.
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Say 'I got this for free' in Hindi.
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Say 'Buy one get one free' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free Wi-Fi' in Hindi.
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Say 'The government gives free education' in Hindi.
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Ask 'Where can I get free food?' in Hindi.
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Say 'I don't want free advice' in Hindi.
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Say 'Is parking free here?' in Hindi.
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Say 'He is a freeloader' in Hindi.
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Say 'This sample is absolutely free' in Hindi.
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Say 'Nothing is free' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free entry for all' in Hindi.
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Say 'I work for free' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free medical checkup' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free gifts' in Hindi.
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Say 'Watch free movies' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free distribution' in Hindi.
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Say 'Free of charge' in Hindi.
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Say 'Don't be a freeloader' in Hindi.
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Listen and identify the word: 'मुफ़्त'.
Listen: 'यह मुफ़्त है।' Is it free?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त में मिला।' Did they pay?
Listen: 'मुफ़्तखोर इंसान।' Is this a compliment?
Listen: 'एक पर एक मुफ़्त।' How many do you get for one?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त सेवा।' What is offered?
Listen: 'निःशुल्क सेवा।' Is this formal or informal?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त की सलाह।' What kind of advice is it?
Listen: 'पार्किंग मुफ़्त नहीं है।' Do you have to pay for parking?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त बिजली।' What is free?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त का चन्दन।' Is this a proverb?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त वितरण।' What is happening?
Listen: 'सब कुछ मुफ़्त है।' Is anything paid?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त नमूना।' What is it?
Listen: 'मुफ़्त वाई-फाई।' What is available?
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
मुफ़्त (Muft) is the standard Hindi word for 'free of charge'. Use it when shopping or discussing zero-cost services, but avoid using it for 'free time' or 'freedom'. Example: 'Yeh muft hai' (This is free).
- Muft means 'free' in terms of money.
- It is a Persian loanword used widely in Hindi.
- It differs from 'free' as in 'liberty' (azaad).
- Commonly used in markets and for political 'freebies'.
Bargaining
Always ask for 'Muft' extras when buying vegetables in India.
Invariable
Don't change the ending of 'Muft' for feminine nouns.
Formal vs Informal
Use 'Nishulk' on signs and 'Muft' in speech.
Gifts
Call a gift an 'Uphaar' rather than 'Muft ka maal' to be polite.
Example
मुझे यह किताब मुफ़्त में मिली।
Related Content
Related Grammar Rules
More general words
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1To express gratitude or thankfulness.
आचरण करना
C1To conduct oneself; behave in a particular way.
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2To move forward or progress.
आगामी
B1Happening in the near future; upcoming or next.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2The night of the present day; tonight.
आजमाना
A2To make an attempt or effort to do something; to test.
आक्रमण करना
B2To begin military operations against a country or group.
आखिरी
A2Last, final.