The suffix -kai is the standard way to count the frequency of actions in Japanese.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used to count the frequency of actions or events.
- Attaches directly to numbers like 1-kai, 2-kai.
- Essential for asking and answering frequency questions.
Overview
「~回」は、物事の頻度や繰り返しの回数を表す際に最も一般的に使われる助数詞です。日本語の学習において、数字と組み合わせて使う最初のステップの一つです。2) Usage Patterns: 基本的には「数字+回」の形で使用します。1回(いっかい)、2回(にかい)、3回(さんかい)と続きますが、特に「1回(いっかい)」や「6回(ろっかい)」、「8回(はっかい)」、「10回(じゅっかい)」など、音便(促音)の変化に注意が必要です。3) Common Contexts: 日常会話で非常に頻繁に使われます。運動の回数、薬を飲む回数、映画を見た回数、会議の回数など、特定の動作が何回発生したかを伝える際に必須です。また、「何回(なんかい)」と疑問形にすることで、「How many times?」という質問を作ることができます。4) Similar Words comparison: 「~度(ど)」と似ていますが、「~度」は「温度」や「角度」のほかに、「経験の度合い」や「順序」の意味も持ちます。「~回」は純粋に「繰り返し」に焦点を当てていますが、「~度」はよりフォーマルな響きや、繰り返しの回数以外のニュアンスを含むことがあります。
Examples
昨日、映画を2回見ました。
everydayI watched a movie twice yesterday.
この会議は月に1回行われます。
formalThis meeting is held once a month.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
毎回
every time
次回
next time
前回
last time
Often Confused With
Used for temperature, angles, and sometimes frequency. It can sound more formal than 'kai'.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use -kai for counting repetitions of actions. It is neutral in register and used in both speech and writing. Be careful with phonetic changes for 1, 6, 8, and 10.
Common Mistakes
Beginners often forget the small 'tsu' (sokuon) for numbers like 1, 6, 8, and 10. Ensure you pronounce them as 'ikkai', 'rokkai', 'hakkai', and 'jukkai'.
Tips
Master the sound changes of -kai
Pay special attention to 1, 6, 8, and 10. These numbers create a small 'tsu' sound (sokuon) before 'kai'.
Don't confuse frequency with duration
Remember that 'kai' measures how many times something happens. Do not use it for measuring how long something lasts, which uses 'jikan'.
Frequency in Japanese society
Japanese people often use 'kai' to express how many times they have visited a place or performed a task. It is a key part of polite self-introductions.
Word Origin
Derived from the Chinese character 回, representing a revolving or returning motion. It evolved to mean a cycle or an occurrence.
Cultural Context
The concept of counting occurrences is fundamental in Japanese for tracking progress. It reflects a culture that values precision in scheduling and tasks.
Memory Tip
Think of a 'kai' (floor) in a building. You go up the floors (kai) repeatedly.
Frequently Asked Questions
3 questionsいいえ、「いっかい」と読みます。数字の「1」と「6」「8」「10」は、後ろに「回」がつくと音が変化するので注意してください。
「何回」は回数を数える時に使い、「何度」は回数以外に温度や角度、あるいは「何度言っても」のような強調表現にも使われます。日常的な回数には「何回」を使うのが一般的です。
いいえ、人には使いません。人は「~人」で数えます。「回」はあくまで動作やイベントの繰り返しに使います。
Test Yourself
私は昨日、薬を___飲みました。
文脈や書式によりますが、すべて正しい表記です。
Score: /1
Summary
The suffix -kai is the standard way to count the frequency of actions in Japanese.
- Used to count the frequency of actions or events.
- Attaches directly to numbers like 1-kai, 2-kai.
- Essential for asking and answering frequency questions.
Master the sound changes of -kai
Pay special attention to 1, 6, 8, and 10. These numbers create a small 'tsu' sound (sokuon) before 'kai'.
Don't confuse frequency with duration
Remember that 'kai' measures how many times something happens. Do not use it for measuring how long something lasts, which uses 'jikan'.
Frequency in Japanese society
Japanese people often use 'kai' to express how many times they have visited a place or performed a task. It is a key part of polite self-introductions.
Examples
2 of 2昨日、映画を2回見ました。
I watched a movie twice yesterday.
この会議は月に1回行われます。
This meeting is held once a month.
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This Word in Other Languages
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