Gōngkè refers to homework, the academic tasks students complete outside of class.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Homework assigned by teachers to students.
- Must be completed at home.
- Essential for learning and practice.
Overview
“功课”是一个非常基础且常用的中文词汇，主要指学校布置给学生的家庭作业。它涵盖了从小学到大学各个阶段学生需要完成的学习任务。这个词在日常生活中被广泛使用，尤其是在谈论学生学习和学校生活时。
“功课”通常与“做”、“写”、“完成”、“检查”、“布置”等动词搭配使用。例如，“我今天有很多功课要做。”（I have a lot of homework to do today.）“老师布置了新的功课。”（The teacher assigned new homework.）“请检查孩子的功课。”（Please check the child's homework.）它也可以作为一种泛指，比如“学习功课”（study homework/lessons）。
最常见的语境是家庭和学校。在家里，父母可能会问孩子：“你的功课做完了吗？”（Have you finished your homework?）在学校，老师会说：“大家请把功课交上来。”（Everyone, please hand in your homework.）此外，在讨论教育、学习压力、学生生活等话题时，“功课”也是一个核心词汇。
与“功课”类似的词包括“作业”（zuòyè）和“练习”（liànxí）。“作业”是“功课”最直接的同义词，两者几乎可以互换使用，但“作业”可能更偏向于指具体的学习任务或项目。“练习”则更侧重于重复性的训练，以提高某项技能，比如“数学练习”或“口语练习”。在日常口语中，“功课”和“作业”的使用频率都很高，尤其是在谈论学校布置的学习任务时。
Examples
我的功课很多，我得赶紧做完。
everydayI have a lot of homework, I need to finish it quickly.
老师要求学生认真完成每一次的功课。
academicThe teacher requires students to conscientiously complete every piece of homework.
你功课做完了吗？
informalHave you finished your homework?
我们应该重视学生的功课负担问题。
discussionWe should pay attention to the issue of students' homework burden.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
做功课
to do homework
功课很多
have a lot of homework
完成功课
to finish homework
Often Confused With
Both '功课' and '作业' mean homework and are largely interchangeable. '作业' might sometimes refer to a more specific task or project, while '功课' can sometimes imply the broader scope of study.
'练习' (liànxí) means practice or exercise. While homework often includes practice exercises, '练习' is specifically about repetition to improve a skill, whereas '功课' is the assigned task itself.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term '功课' is primarily used in the context of school education. It is neutral in terms of formality but is predominantly used when discussing students' academic responsibilities. It's a fundamental word for anyone interacting with the Chinese education system.
Common Mistakes
Learners might sometimes confuse '功课' with general 'study' or 'lessons' in a broader sense, but its core meaning is specifically homework. Avoid using it for tasks outside of an academic context unless it's a clear metaphorical usage.
Tips
Understand Homework's Purpose
Homework ('功课') is designed to reinforce classroom learning and develop independent study habits. Completing it regularly is key to academic success.
Avoid Excessive Homework
While important, too much homework can lead to stress and burnout. It's crucial to find a balance between study and rest.
Importance in Education
Homework ('功课') is a deeply ingrained part of the educational system in China, reflecting a strong emphasis on diligence and academic achievement.
Word Origin
The word '功课' combines '功' (gōng), meaning merit, achievement, or effort, and '课' (kè), meaning lesson or course. It literally implies the effort or achievement related to lessons, which evolved to mean homework assigned to achieve that.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, there is a strong emphasis on academic achievement and hard work. Completing homework ('功课') diligently is seen as a crucial part of a student's responsibility and a reflection of their commitment to learning.
Memory Tip
Think of '功' (gōng) as achievement or merit, and '课' (kè) as lesson. Homework ('功课') is the effort you put in to achieve success in your lessons.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“功课”和“作业”在大多数情况下可以互换使用，都指老师布置给学生的学习任务。但“功课”有时更强调学习的整体内容或过程，而“作业”则更侧重于具体的任务或项目。
通常情况下，“功课”不直接指学校里的课程内容，而是指需要课后完成的学习任务。但有时在口语中，人们也可能用“功课”泛指学习的内容，比如“他功课很好”可能意味着他学习成绩好。
“功课”这个词的本意是指在家完成的学习任务，以区别于在学校课堂上进行的学习。但现在有时在学校里，学生也可能利用课间或自习课来完成“功课”。
在非常规用法中，成年人有时也会用“功课”来比喻在工作或学习中需要私下钻研、准备的任务，但这不是它的主要含义。主要还是指学生的家庭作业。
Test Yourself
我今天有很多_______要做，所以不能出去玩。
句意是说因为有很多学习任务，所以不能出去玩，用“功课”最合适。
老师通常会_______功课给学生。
老师的职责是给学生安排学习任务，所以用“布置”最恰当。
我 / 功课 / 完成 / 还没
这是一个主谓宾结构，表达“I haven't finished my homework yet.”
Score: /3
Summary
Gōngkè refers to homework, the academic tasks students complete outside of class.
- Homework assigned by teachers to students.
- Must be completed at home.
- Essential for learning and practice.
Understand Homework's Purpose
Homework ('功课') is designed to reinforce classroom learning and develop independent study habits. Completing it regularly is key to academic success.
Avoid Excessive Homework
While important, too much homework can lead to stress and burnout. It's crucial to find a balance between study and rest.
Importance in Education
Homework ('功课') is a deeply ingrained part of the educational system in China, reflecting a strong emphasis on diligence and academic achievement.
Examples
4 of 4我的功课很多，我得赶紧做完。
I have a lot of homework, I need to finish it quickly.
老师要求学生认真完成每一次的功课。
The teacher requires students to conscientiously complete every piece of homework.
你功课做完了吗？
Have you finished your homework?
我们应该重视学生的功课负担问题。
We should pay attention to the issue of students' homework burden.
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