When people from different places or companies work together on a business project, it's called a joint venture. In Chinese, this is called 合资 (hézī). Imagine two friends pooling their resources to open a restaurant together; that's similar to a joint venture, but on a bigger scale.
When companies from different countries want to work together, they sometimes create a 合资 (hézī). This means they 'jointly invest' in a new business. It's like two companies becoming partners to share the work, money, and profits. For example, a Chinese car company and a German car company might form a 合资 to make cars in China. They both put in resources and work together on the project. This is a common way for businesses to expand into new markets.
When discussing business in Chinese, you'll often encounter the term 合资 (hézī), meaning a "joint venture." This refers to a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources to achieve a common goal.
For instance, if a Chinese company and an American company decide to team up for a new project, they might form a 合资公司 (hézī gōngsī), a joint venture company. This is a very common setup for foreign businesses entering the Chinese market.
When discussing business partnerships in Chinese, you'll frequently encounter the term 合资 (hézī). It specifically refers to a joint venture, which is a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool resources for a common project.
This term is crucial for understanding how foreign and domestic companies collaborate in China. For example, a foreign car manufacturer might form a 合资 with a Chinese company to produce cars within China. It's a common and important concept in international business contexts.
When discussing business and investment in Chinese, 合资 (hézī) is a key term you'll encounter. It refers to a joint venture, which is a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This task can be a new project or any other business activity.
For example, a common scenario in China involves a foreign company forming a joint venture with a local Chinese company. This allows them to combine capital, technology, and market knowledge. Understanding 合资 is essential for anyone interested in international business, especially in the Chinese market.
合资 in 30 Seconds
- business partnership
- shared investment
- project collaboration
§ What 合资 (hézī) means
Let's break down 合资 (hézī). It's a noun that translates directly to 'joint venture' in English. This is a common business term, and it's super useful to know if you're dealing with Chinese businesses, reading Chinese news, or just trying to understand how things work in the business world in China.
Think of it this way: when two or more companies, often from different countries, decide to team up and create a new, separate business entity for a specific project or for a longer-term partnership, that new business is a 合资企业 (hézī qǐyè), or a joint venture company. The act of forming this partnership itself is 合资 (hézī).
- DEFINITION
- Joint venture. This refers to a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This task can be a new project or any other business activity. The parties typically share the ownership, returns, risks, and governance of the joint venture.
§ When do people use 合资 (hézī)?
You'll hear or read 合资 (hézī) a lot in business contexts. Here are some common situations:
- When two companies decide to start a new company together.
- When foreign companies want to enter the Chinese market and partner with a local Chinese company.
- When discussing economic cooperation between different regions or countries.
- When talking about specific projects that involve shared investment and resources.
It's not just about big corporations, either. Sometimes, even smaller businesses or individuals might form a type of 'joint venture' for a project, though the formal term 合资 (hézī) is typically reserved for more structured business entities.
他们决定合资成立一家新公司。
Here, 他们 (tāmen) means 'they', 决定 (juédìng) is 'decided', 成立 (chénglì) means 'to establish' or 'to set up', and 一家新公司 (yī jiā xīn gōngsī) means 'a new company'. So, 'They decided to form a joint venture to establish a new company.'
这家汽车公司是中外合资的。
In this example, 这家 (zhè jiā) means 'this', 汽车公司 (qìchē gōngsī) is 'car company', 中外 (zhōng wài) refers to 'Sino-foreign' or 'Chinese and foreign', and 的 (de) is a possessive particle. So, 'This car company is a Sino-foreign joint venture.'
- Chinese Word
- 合资 (hézī)
- Pronunciation
- hézī
- Part of Speech
- Noun
- CEFR Level
- B1
- Definition
- Joint venture.
§ How to use 合资 (hézī) in a sentence
The word 合资 (hézī) is a noun. It refers to a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. In simpler terms, it's a shared business project or company. You'll often hear it in business contexts, especially when talking about international companies partnering in China.
Because it's a noun, you can use it in places where you'd typically put other nouns. For example, it can be the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or part of a noun phrase. You don't need any special prepositions to use it, but you will often see it paired with verbs like 成立 (chénglì, to establish), 组建 (zǔjiàn, to form), or 投资 (tóuzī, to invest).
§ Basic Sentence Structures
- Subject + Verb + 合资: This is a straightforward way to say something *is* a joint venture or to establish one.
- 合资 + Company/Project: Here, 合资 acts as an adjective describing the type of company or project.
§ Examples
他们成立了一家合资公司。
- Translation Hint
- They established a joint venture company. (他们: they; 成立了: established; 一家: a; 公司: company)
这是一个新的国际合资项目。
- Translation Hint
- This is a new international joint venture project. (这: this; 是: is; 一个: a; 新的: new; 国际: international; 项目: project)
那家合资企业发展得很好。
- Translation Hint
- That joint venture enterprise is developing well. (那家: that; 企业: enterprise; 发展得很好: developing well)
合资有助于共享资源和技术。
- Translation Hint
- Joint ventures help share resources and technology. (有助于: help; 共享: share; 资源: resources; 和: and; 技术: technology)
§ Common Phrases and Combinations
You'll often see 合资 combined with other business terms:
- 合资公司 (hézī gōngsī): Joint venture company
- 合资企业 (hézī qǐyè): Joint venture enterprise
- 中外合资 (zhōngwài hézī): Sino-foreign joint venture (very common in China)
- 合资项目 (hézī xiàngmù): Joint venture project
Pay attention to the context. While it always means 'joint venture,' the specific nuance might change slightly depending on what it's combined with. For instance, '中外合资' specifically highlights the involvement of a Chinese and a foreign party, which is a common setup in the Chinese business landscape.
§ Things to watch out for
Don't confuse 合资 (hézī) with 合作 (hézuò). While both involve working together, 合作 is a broader term for 'cooperation' or 'collaboration' and doesn't necessarily imply a formal business entity like a joint venture. 合资 specifically refers to the creation of a shared business or project with shared capital and risk.
Practice using 合资 in different sentence structures and with various associated words to solidify your understanding. The more you encounter it in real-world contexts (like news articles or business discussions), the easier it will become to use it naturally.
Alright, let's talk about the Chinese word 合资 (hé zī). You're going to hear this word a lot, especially if you're dealing with business in China. It means 'joint venture'. It's super common because many foreign companies enter the Chinese market through joint ventures with local companies. This helps them navigate the local landscape, and it's also often a requirement in certain industries.
§ What is 合资 (hé zī) exactly?
- DEFINITION
- 合资 (hé zī) refers to an enterprise jointly invested in and managed by two or more parties, often involving a foreign and a domestic company.
Think of it as two companies, often from different countries, putting their money and resources together to create a new company. They share profits, risks, and management. This is a big deal in the business world, so it's a word you absolutely need to know.
§ Where you'll actually hear this word
You'll encounter 合资 (hé zī) in a few key places:
- Work/Business: This is where it's most prevalent. If you're working for a foreign company with operations in China, or a Chinese company that collaborates internationally, you'll hear it constantly. Business meetings, contracts, and news about company mergers or expansions are prime spots for this word.
- News: Business news, especially economic reports, will frequently mention 合资 (hé zī) when discussing international trade, investments, or new projects.
- General Conversation (less common, but possible): While not an everyday word for casual chat, if you're discussing business trends or specific companies with Chinese friends, it might come up.
§ Examples in context
我们公司正在与一家德国企业谈一项合资项目。
Translation hint: Our company is currently discussing a joint venture project with a German enterprise.
这家汽车工厂是中日合资的。
Translation hint: This car factory is a Sino-Japanese joint venture.
他们计划成立一家新的合资公司，专注于高科技产品。
Translation hint: They plan to establish a new joint venture company, focusing on high-tech products.
通过合资，两家公司可以共享市场和技术。
Translation hint: Through joint ventures, the two companies can share markets and technology.
Understanding 合资 (hé zī) is really important for anyone looking to engage with the Chinese business world. It's a fundamental concept that you'll hear and use often.
§ Don't Confuse 合资 (hézī) with 合作 (hézuò)
Many learners mix up 合资 (hézī) and 合作 (hézuò). While they both involve collaboration, they're not interchangeable. 合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, which is a particular type of business arrangement where two or more parties combine assets and resources to form a new entity. Think of it as a formal, long-term business partnership that creates a new company.
- DEFINITION
- 合资 (hézī): Joint venture. A business undertaking by two or more companies, often from different countries, that involves sharing ownership, control, and profits.
On the other hand, 合作 (hézuò) is a broader term meaning 'cooperation' or 'collaboration'. It can refer to any kind of working together, from a simple project to a complex partnership, without necessarily creating a new, separate legal entity.
他们成立了一家合资公司。
Tāmen chénglì le yī jiā hézī gōngsī.
They set up a joint venture company.
我们应该多合作。
Wǒmen yīnggāi duō hézuò.
We should cooperate more.
§ Using 合资 (hézī) as a Verb
While 合资 (hézī) is fundamentally a noun, you'll often see it used in a way that feels like a verb, especially in business contexts. This is usually when it's paired with other verbs to describe the action of forming a joint venture.
成立合资 (chénglì hézī): To establish a joint venture.
进行合资 (jìnxíng hézī): To carry out a joint venture.
与...合资 (yǔ...hézī): To enter into a joint venture with...
两家公司决定合资开发新产品。
Liǎng jiā gōngsī juédìng hézī kāifā xīn chǎnpǐn.
The two companies decided to jointly venture to develop new products. (Here, 合资 acts like a modifier to the action of developing)
However, directly saying something like "我合资了" (Wǒ hézī le - I joint ventured) sounds unnatural. You need the accompanying verb to make it grammatically correct and convey the right meaning.
§ Overusing the Term
Sometimes learners, after learning a new business term, try to use it in every context where there's some form of collaboration. Remember, 合资 (hézī) is specific to business joint ventures. If it's just general teamwork or a simple project, 合作 (hézuò) is usually the correct choice.
我们一起合作完成了这个项目。
Wǒmen yīqǐ hézuò wánchéng le zhège xiàngmù.
We collaborated to complete this project. (Using 合资 here would be incorrect.)
§ Not Knowing Related Terms
Understanding 合资 (hézī) is good, but knowing related terms makes your vocabulary more robust. Here are a few:
独资 (dúzī): Wholly-owned (company). This is the opposite of a joint venture, where one entity owns 100%.
外资 (wàizī): Foreign investment/foreign capital. Often, joint ventures involve foreign capital.
合伙 (héhuǒ): Partnership (general term, often for smaller businesses or individuals).
这家工厂是独资企业。
Zhè jiā gōngchǎng shì dúzī qǐyè.
This factory is a wholly-owned enterprise.
How Formal Is It?
"此项目旨在通过合资企业形式，促进双方技术交流与合作。"
"我们计划与一家外国公司成立合资公司。"
Fun Fact
The character '资' (zī) is also used in words like '投资' (tóuzī, to invest) and '资金' (zījīn, funds/capital), highlighting its core meaning related to financial resources.
Pronunciation Guide
- hè zi
Difficulty Rating
short
short
short
short
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
合资 (hézī) can be used as a standalone noun. For example, to talk about a company that is a joint venture.
这是一家中德合资企业。(Zhè shì yī jiā zhōng dé hézī qǐyè.) This is a Sino-German joint venture company.
合资 can also be used as a verb, meaning 'to form a joint venture' or 'to invest jointly.'
他们决定合资开一家新公司。(Tāmen juédìng hézī kāi yī jiā xīn gōngsī.) They decided to jointly invest and open a new company.
When合资 is used as an adjective (jointly-funded, joint-venture), it often precedes a noun, such as 公司 (gōngsī, company) or 企业 (qǐyè, enterprise).
我们正在和一家合资公司谈判。(Wǒmen zhèngzài hé yī jiā hézī gōngsī tánpàn.) We are negotiating with a joint venture company.
To specify the parties involved in the joint venture, you can place them before合资. For example, '中美合资' (zhōng měi hézī) means 'Sino-American joint venture.'
这家工厂是中美合资的。(Zhè jiā gōngchǎng shì zhōng měi hézī de.) This factory is a Sino-American joint venture.
When using合资 in a sentence, pay attention to the context to determine if it's functioning as a noun, verb, or adjective. This will help you choose the correct sentence structure.
他们计划与外国公司合资。(Tāmen jìhuà yǔ wàiguó gōngsī hézī.) They plan to form a joint venture with a foreign company.
Examples by Level
这是一家合资公司。
This is a joint venture company.
我们计划成立一家合资企业。
We plan to establish a joint venture enterprise.
这家工厂是中外合资的。
This factory is a Sino-foreign joint venture.
他们正在谈一个合资项目。
They are discussing a joint venture project.
合资公司有很多好处。
Joint venture companies have many benefits.
这是一个成功的合资案例。
This is a successful joint venture case.
合资双方都很满意。
Both joint venture parties are very satisfied.
他们想找一个合资伙伴。
They want to find a joint venture partner.
我们公司和一家外国公司成立了一个合资企业。
Our company and a foreign company established a joint venture.
成立 (chénglì) means 'to establish/found'.
这个合资项目进展得很顺利。
This joint venture project is progressing very smoothly.
进展 (jìnzhǎn) means 'progress/development'.
他们计划建立一个合资工厂。
They plan to set up a joint venture factory.
建立 (jiànlì) means 'to build/establish'.
通过合资，两家公司可以共享资源。
Through joint venture, the two companies can share resources.
共享 (gòngxiǎng) means 'to share'.
合资企业有助于双方扩大市场。
Joint ventures help both sides expand their market.
有助于 (yǒuzhùyú) means 'to be beneficial to/to help'.
这家公司正在寻找合适的合资伙伴。
This company is looking for a suitable joint venture partner.
寻找 (xúnzhǎo) means 'to look for/to seek'.
这个合资协议已经签署了。
This joint venture agreement has already been signed.
签署 (qiānshǔ) means 'to sign (an agreement)'.
成功的合资需要良好的沟通。
A successful joint venture requires good communication.
沟通 (gōutōng) means 'to communicate/communication'.
这家新公司是一家合资企业。
This new company is a joint venture.
他们正在考虑与外国公司建立合资关系。
They are considering establishing a joint venture relationship with a foreign company.
合资公司的收益非常可观。
The profits of the joint venture company are quite substantial.
我们计划明年成立一家合资工厂。
We plan to establish a joint venture factory next year.
这家合资银行提供多种金融服务。
This joint venture bank offers various financial services.
双方对这个合资项目都抱有很大的期望。
Both parties have high expectations for this joint venture project.
合资协议的细节仍在讨论中。
The details of the joint venture agreement are still under discussion.
通过合资，他们成功地进入了新的市场。
Through the joint venture, they successfully entered new markets.
这家新公司是两国政府的合资企业。
This new company is a joint venture between the governments of two countries.
他们计划成立一个合资公司来开发这个项目。
They plan to set up a joint venture company to develop this project.
通过合资，两家公司可以共享资源，降低风险。
Through a joint venture, the two companies can share resources and reduce risks.
我们正在与一家外国公司谈判一项潜在的合资协议。
We are currently negotiating a potential joint venture agreement with a foreign company.
这家工厂是中外合资的，生产高科技产品。
This factory is a Sino-foreign joint venture, producing high-tech products.
合资企业在技术引进和市场拓展方面具有优势。
Joint ventures have advantages in technology introduction and market expansion.
政府鼓励国内外企业建立合资关系。
The government encourages domestic and foreign enterprises to establish joint venture relationships.
他们在汽车行业有很多成功的合资案例。
They have many successful joint venture cases in the automotive industry.
这家跨国公司正在考虑与一家中国本土企业成立合资公司，以拓展亚洲市场。
This multinational company is considering establishing a joint venture with a local Chinese enterprise to expand into the Asian market.
合资公司 (joint venture company) is a common collocation.
经过多轮谈判，双方终于就合资项目的股权分配达成了一致。
After several rounds of negotiations, both parties finally reached an agreement on the equity distribution of the joint venture project.
合资项目 (joint venture project) refers to the specific undertaking.
政府出台了一系列政策，鼓励外资企业与国内企业进行合资合作。
The government has introduced a series of policies to encourage foreign-funded enterprises to engage in joint ventures and cooperation with domestic enterprises.
合资合作 (joint venture cooperation) emphasizes the collaborative aspect.
这家成功的合资企业不仅带来了先进技术，也创造了大量的就业机会。
This successful joint venture not only brought advanced technology but also created a large number of employment opportunities.
合资企业 (joint venture enterprise) is the most direct translation.
由于市场环境变化，原定的合资计划被迫搁置。
Due to changes in the market environment, the original joint venture plan was forced to be put on hold.
合资计划 (joint venture plan) refers to the strategy or proposal.
他们希望通过合资模式，共同开发新产品，实现资源共享。
They hope to jointly develop new products and achieve resource sharing through the joint venture model.
合资模式 (joint venture model) describes the business approach.
这家公司在国际上有很多合资伙伴，业务遍布全球。
This company has many joint venture partners internationally, with business operations across the globe.
合资伙伴 (joint venture partner) refers to the collaborating entities.
建立合资公司是进入新兴市场的一种有效策略。
Establishing a joint venture company is an effective strategy for entering emerging markets.
建立合资公司 (to establish a joint venture company) is a common verb phrase.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
他们决定成立一家合资企业。
They decided to establish a joint venture company.
这家公司是中外合资的。
This company is a Chinese-foreign joint venture.
我们正在寻找合资伙伴。
We are looking for a joint venture partner.
这是一个重要的合资项目。
This is an important joint venture project.
双方签署了合资协议。
Both parties signed the joint venture agreement.
他们计划进行合资经营。
They plan to conduct joint venture management.
合资公司运作良好。
The joint venture company is operating well.
许多跨国公司选择合资方式进入中国市场。
Many multinational companies choose the joint venture model to enter the Chinese market.
这家企业是合资性质的。
This enterprise is of a joint venture nature.
合资的目的是为了共同发展。
The purpose of the joint venture is for common development.
Often Confused With
This character means 'to combine,' 'to join,' or 'to close.' It's the 'joint' part of 合资.
This character means 'capital,' 'funds,' or 'resources.' It's the 'venture' or 'capital' part of 合资.
This means 'company.' A joint venture (合资) is often a type of company (合资公司).
Grammar Patterns
Idioms & Expressions
"中外合资 (zhōngwài hézī)"
Sino-foreign joint venture
这是一家中外合资企业。
neutral"合资企业 (hézī qǐyè)"
Joint venture company/enterprise
我们正在和一家外国公司谈判成立合资企业。
neutral"合资经营 (hézī jīngyíng)"
Joint operation/management (of a venture)
两家公司决定以合资经营的方式拓展市场。
neutral"合资项目 (hézī xiàngmù)"
Joint venture project
这个合资项目吸引了很多投资。
neutral"合资方 (hézī fāng)"
Joint venture partner
他们正在寻找新的合资方。
neutral"合资公司 (hézī gōngsī)"
Joint venture company
这家合资公司生产汽车零件。
neutral"成立合资 (chénglì hézī)"
Establish a joint venture
我们计划明年成立合资。
neutral"搞合资 (gǎo hézī)"
Engage in a joint venture (colloquial)
他们想跟我们一起搞合资。
informal"参股合资 (cāngǔ hézī)"
Participate in a joint venture by holding shares
我们以参股合资的形式进入这个市场。
formal"寻求合资 (xúnqiú hézī)"
Seek a joint venture
该公司正在寻求合资伙伴。
formalEasily Confused
Both 合资 and 合作 involve collaboration. 合资 is a specific type of collaboration involving shared investment and risk, while 合作 is a broader term for any kind of working together.
合资 implies a formal business entity with shared capital and ownership. 合作 is a general term for cooperation, which can be formal or informal, and doesn't necessarily involve shared ownership.
我们正在与一家公司进行技术合作。(Wǒmen zhèngzài yǔ yījiā gōngsī jìnxíng jìshù hézuò.) - We are collaborating with a company on technology. (合作: general collaboration)
联营 also suggests joint operations. However, 联营 often refers to an alliance or consortium where separate entities work together but maintain their independence, without necessarily forming a single new company with shared equity.
合资 means creating a new, shared legal entity. 联营 is more about an operational alliance or partnership between existing, separate entities.
几家航空公司组建了联营体。(Jǐ jiā hángkōng gōngsī zǔjiàn le liányíngtǐ.) - Several airlines formed an alliance. (联营: operational alliance, not necessarily shared capital)
合伙, like 合资, involves multiple parties working together and sharing something. However, 合伙 usually refers to a partnership, often between individuals or smaller businesses, where the liability might be different and the scale is generally smaller than a formal joint venture.
合资 is typically for larger-scale corporate ventures with clear legal structures and shared capital. 合伙 is more common for personal or small business partnerships, like a law firm or a restaurant owned by partners.
他们合伙开了一家咖啡馆。(Tāmen héhuǒ kāile yī jiā kāfēiguǎn.) - They partnered to open a coffee shop. (合伙: partnership, often smaller scale)
合资 inherently involves investment. However, 投资 is the act of investing, while 合资 is the *result* or *form* of that investment when two or more parties combine their capital to form a new entity.
投资 is the action of putting money into something. 合资 is a specific type of business structure that arises from joint investment.
这家公司计划在中国投资。(Zhè jiā gōngsī jìhuà zài Zhōngguó tóuzī.) - This company plans to invest in China. (投资: the act of investing)
A joint venture is a type of enterprise. However, 企业 is a general term for any business or company, while 合资 specifically describes a business formed through joint investment.
企业 is the general category (an enterprise). 合资 describes how a specific enterprise was formed (jointly invested).
这是一家大型企业。(Zhè shì yī jiā dàxíng qǐyè.) - This is a large enterprise. (企业: general term for a company)
Sentence Patterns
A和B合资成立了公司。
中国公司和美国公司合资成立了一家新公司。 (The Chinese company and the American company jointly established a new company.)
这是一家合资企业。
我们公司是一家中外合资企业。 (Our company is a Sino-foreign joint venture.)
他们决定合资开发新产品。
两家科技公司决定合资开发一款人工智能产品。 (Two technology companies decided to jointly develop an AI product.)
合资项目进展顺利。
这个合资项目进展非常顺利，预计明年完成。 (This joint venture project is progressing very smoothly and is expected to be completed next year.)
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
How to Use It
合资 (hézī) as a noun refers to a 'joint venture', typically an enterprise or business partnership between two or more companies or individuals. It implies shared investment, risks, and profits. For example, you can say: 这是一家中德合资公司 (Zhè shì yījiā Zhōng-Dé hézī gōngsī) – This is a Sino-German joint venture company. You can also use it to describe the nature of a company: 我们的公司是合资企业 (Wǒmen de gōngsī shì hézī qǐyè) – Our company is a joint venture enterprise. Remember it's about the entity itself.
A common mistake is trying to use 合资 as a verb meaning 'to jointly invest'. While it implies joint investment, it's not typically used as a direct verb in that sense. For 'to jointly invest', you would use something like 共同投资 (gòngtóng tóuzī). For example, you wouldn't say: 他们合资了一个项目 (Tāmen hézī le yīgè xiàngmù) – They joint ventured a project. Instead, you would say: 他们共同投资了一个项目 (Tāmen gòngtóng tóuzī le yīgè xiàngmù) – They jointly invested in a project, or 这是一个他们合资的项目 (Zhè shì yīgè tāmen hézī de xiàngmù) – This is a project they joint ventured (as a descriptive noun).
Tips
Understanding 合资 (hézī)
合资 (hézī) is a noun that means 'joint venture.' It's commonly used in business contexts to describe a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This task can be a new project or any other business activity. In a joint venture, each of the participants is responsible for profits, losses, and costs associated with the venture. However, the venture is its own entity, separate from the participants' other business interests.
Breaking Down the Characters
Let's break down 合资:
合 (hé) means 'to combine,' 'to join,' or 'to unite.' You might recognize this character from words like 合作 (hézuò - 'cooperate') or 合适 (héshì - 'suitable').
资 (zī) means 'resources,' 'capital,' or 'funds.' This character appears in words like 投资 (tóuzī - 'invest') or 资金 (zījīn - 'funds').
So, 合资 literally means 'combined resources,' which makes perfect sense for 'joint venture.'
Common Usage of 合资
合资 is most frequently used to describe a company or an enterprise. For example, you'll often hear about a '合资公司' (hézī gōngsī), which means 'joint venture company.'
Example Sentence 1
我们和一家德国公司成立了一家合资企业。
Wǒmen hé yī jiā Déguó gōngsī chénglì le yī jiā hézī qǐyè.
We established a joint venture with a German company.
Example Sentence 2
这家合资公司生产汽车零件。
Zhè jiā hézī gōngsī shēngchǎn qìchē língjiàn.
This joint venture company produces car parts.
Example Sentence 3
他们计划在中国开设一个新的合资项目。
Tāmen jìhuà zài Zhōngguó kāishè yī gè xīn de hézī xiàngmù.
They plan to open a new joint venture project in China.
Related Terms: 合作 (hézuò)
While 合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, another useful related term is 合作 (hézuò), which means 'to cooperate' or 'cooperation.' A joint venture is a form of cooperation, but 合作 is a broader term.
Related Terms: 独资 (dúzī)
The opposite of 合资 (hézī) is 独资 (dúzī), meaning 'wholly owned' or 'sole proprietorship.' This refers to a company entirely owned by one party, without any joint ventures.
Don't Confuse with 合同 (hétong)
Be careful not to confuse 合资 (hézī) with 合同 (hétong), which means 'contract.' While joint ventures involve contracts, the words themselves have distinct meanings and usages.
Importance in Chinese Business
Joint ventures have historically been a very common and important way for foreign companies to enter the Chinese market. Understanding the concept of 合资 is key to grasping many aspects of the Chinese business landscape.
Word Origin
From '合' (hé) meaning 'to combine' or 'to join', and '资' (zī) meaning 'capital' or 'resources'.
Original meaning: The original meaning directly translates to 'combined capital' or 'joint resources', which accurately reflects the concept of a joint venture.
Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic branch (Mandarin Chinese)Cultural Context
<p>Joint ventures are a significant aspect of China's economic landscape, especially since the reform and opening-up period began in the late 1970s. Foreign companies often form joint ventures with Chinese partners to navigate the local market, share risks, and leverage local expertise. Understanding this term is key to grasping modern Chinese business practices.</p>
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Business Partnership
- 我们公司正在考虑与一家外国公司成立合资企业。
- 他们的合资公司取得了巨大的成功。
- 这个项目是通过合资的方式完成的。
Economic Cooperation
- 两国签署了多项合资协议，促进经济发展。
- 政府鼓励高科技领域的合资项目。
- 合资企业有助于技术转移和市场拓展。
Legal and Financial
- 合资公司的股权结构是双方谈判的重点。
- 他们正在处理合资公司的法律文件。
- 合资企业的利润分配需要明确约定。
Industry Specific
- 汽车行业有很多成功的合资案例。
- 能源领域的合资项目通常投资巨大。
- 这家合资工厂生产电子产品。
Challenges and Opportunities
- 合资公司面临文化差异带来的挑战。
- 寻找合适的合资伙伴是关键。
- 合资为进入新市场提供了机会。
Conversation Starters
"你对合资企业有什么了解？"
"你认为合资公司最大的优势是什么？"
"在你的国家，合资企业常见吗？"
"如果让你选择，你会选择与人合资创业吗？为什么？"
"你觉得合资企业可能面临哪些风险？"
Journal Prompts
描述一个你所了解的合资企业，并分析其成功或失败的原因。
想象一下你正在创立一家合资公司，你会选择什么样的合作伙伴？你的公司会做什么？
写一篇关于合资企业对经济发展影响的文章。
探讨在跨国合资企业中，文化差异可能带来的影响及应对方法。
如果让你为合资公司设计一个名称和口号，你会怎么设计？
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe characters for 合资 literally mean 'combine resources/capital.' So, if you think of 'combining resources' to start a business with someone else, it directly leads to the idea of a 'joint venture.' Try to visualize two companies coming together and pooling their money. This mental image can really help it stick.
No, 合资 is primarily a noun, meaning 'joint venture.' If you want to say 'to form a joint venture,' you would typically use phrases like 成立合资企业 (chénglì hézī qǐyè - to establish a joint venture company) or 搞合资 (gǎo hézī - to do/engage in a joint venture).
The most common and practical phrase is probably 合资企业 (hézī qǐyè), which means 'joint venture company.' This is what you'll encounter most often when talking about businesses.
While both involve starting a company together, 合资 specifically refers to a more formal, often international, business arrangement where two or more parties (usually companies) pool resources to create a new, separate legal entity. 一起开公司 (yīqǐ kāi gōngsī) is more general and can simply mean two friends starting a small business together without the specific legal structure implied by 合资.
It's common in business contexts, news related to economics, and discussions about corporate structures. You wouldn't typically use it when talking about simple daily plans, but if you're discussing business or investments, it's a very practical word to know.
You would say 中外合资 (zhōngwài hézī), literally 'Sino-foreign joint venture.' This is a very common term in China.
A common mistake is trying to use it as a verb directly. Remember, it's a noun. Also, sometimes learners confuse it with simply 'cooperation' (合作 - hézuò). While a joint venture involves cooperation, it's a specific type of business entity, not just general teamwork.
While the core meaning is related to companies, you might hear it used in a slightly broader sense for a large 'joint venture project' (合资项目 - hézī xiàngmù) where multiple parties pool resources for a specific undertaking. However, the 'company' aspect is usually implied.
The characters for 合资 are the same in both simplified and traditional Chinese: 合资.
Not really a direct, interchangeable synonym. While you might talk about 'cooperation' (合作 - hézuò) or 'partnership' (伙伴关系 - huǒbàn guānxì), neither of these carries the precise meaning of a 'joint venture' as a distinct business entity like 合资 does. 合资 is quite specific in its meaning.
Test Yourself 138 questions
我们有一个___的计划。
The sentence talks about a 'joint venture' plan. '合资' fits the meaning here.
他想和朋友一起开___公司。
The sentence implies opening a company together, making 'joint venture' a suitable fit.
这家工厂是___的。
The sentence describes the factory as a 'joint venture'.
他们正在谈___项目。
The sentence refers to discussing a 'joint venture' project.
我们期待___。
The sentence expresses anticipation for a 'joint venture'.
这是一个___的好机会。
The sentence indicates a good opportunity for a 'joint venture'.
Which word means 'joint venture'?
合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, where two or more companies invest together.
Choose the correct word to complete the sentence: 这是一家___公司。
The sentence means 'This is a joint venture company.' 合资 (hézī) fits perfectly here.
Which of these is most likely a '合资企业' (hézī qǐyè)?
A '合资企业' (hézī qǐyè) is a joint venture company, typically formed by two or more larger entities.
合资 (hézī) means 'to eat together'.
合资 (hézī) means 'joint venture', not 'to eat together'. 'To eat together' is 吃饭 (chīfàn).
If two companies form a '合资' (hézī), they are working together.
A joint venture (合资) inherently means that two or more entities are working together on a project or business.
You can use 合资 (hézī) to describe a person who invests alone.
合资 (hézī) implies multiple parties investing together. A single person investing alone would not be described with '合资'.
Is this a joint venture company?
They want to establish a joint venture.
This company is a joint venture.
Read this aloud:
合资 (hézī)
Focus: hézī
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我们有一个合资项目。 (Wǒmen yǒu yīgè hézī xiàngmù.)
Focus: Wǒmen yǒu yīgè hézī xiàngmù.
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
这家公司是合资的吗？ (Zhè jiā gōngsī shì hézī de ma?)
Focus: Zhè jiā gōngsī shì hézī de ma?
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence about two companies working together on a project. Use '合资' to describe their relationship.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这两家公司是合资的，他们一起做项目。(These two companies are a joint venture, they work on projects together.)
You want to start a business with a friend. Write a simple sentence expressing this idea using '合资'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我和朋友想合资开公司。(My friend and I want to jointly start a company.)
Imagine a Chinese company and a foreign company are working together. Write a sentence stating this is a joint venture.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这是一家中国公司和一家外国公司的合资企业。(This is a joint venture between a Chinese company and a foreign company.)
小明和他的朋友的公司是什么样的关系？
Read this passage:
小明和他的朋友开了一家公司。他们是合资的。这家公司很好。
小明和他的朋友的公司是什么样的关系？
文章中明确说“他们是合资的”，表示他们的公司是合伙经营的。(The passage clearly states 'they are a joint venture,' indicating their company is jointly operated.)
文章中明确说“他们是合资的”，表示他们的公司是合伙经营的。(The passage clearly states 'they are a joint venture,' indicating their company is jointly operated.)
爸爸在哪里工作？
Read this passage:
我的爸爸在一家合资公司工作。这家公司生产汽车。他很喜欢他的工作。
爸爸在哪里工作？
文章中直接提到了“一家合资公司”。(The passage directly mentions 'a joint venture company.')
文章中直接提到了“一家合资公司”。(The passage directly mentions 'a joint venture company.')
为什么外国公司喜欢和中国公司合资？
Read this passage:
老师说，很多外国公司喜欢和中国公司合资。这样他们可以一起发展。
为什么外国公司喜欢和中国公司合资？
文章中明确说明“这样他们可以一起发展”。(The passage clearly states 'so they can develop together.')
文章中明确说明“这样他们可以一起发展”。(The passage clearly states 'so they can develop together.')
This sentence means 'We are a joint venture company.' The word order in Chinese typically follows Subject-Verb-Object. Here, '我们' (we) is the subject, '是' (are - implied verb for identity), '一家' (one + measure word) describes the noun '合资公司' (joint venture company).
This means 'They want to open a joint venture restaurant.' '他们' (they) is the subject, '想' (want) is the verb, '开' (open) is the second verb, and '合资饭店' (joint venture restaurant) is the object.
This translates to 'This is a new joint venture project.' '这' (this) is the subject, '是' (is) is the verb, '新的' (new) describes '合资项目' (joint venture project).
这家公司是两个国家之间的___。
The sentence indicates a collaboration between two countries to form a company, which aligns with the meaning of '合资' (joint venture). '合作' means cooperation, '合并' means merger, and '合同' means contract.
他们计划成立一家___公司，生产新产品。
The context implies a joint effort to establish a company for new product manufacturing, making '合资' (joint venture) the most suitable choice. '独资' means wholly-owned, '分公司' means branch company, and '子公司' means subsidiary company.
这家___企业在中国市场很成功。
The sentence describes a successful enterprise in the Chinese market, and '合资' (joint venture) is a common form of business in such contexts. '国有' means state-owned, '私营' means private, and '外资' means foreign-funded.
我们正在与一家外国公司谈判，希望能达成一个___协议。
The negotiation with a foreign company to reach an agreement suggests forming a joint venture, so '合资' (joint venture) fits best. '买卖' means buying and selling, '租赁' means leasing, and '劳务' means labor service.
这个项目需要大量的资金和技术，所以我们考虑建立一个___公司。
The need for significant capital and technology points towards forming a joint venture, making '合资' (joint venture) the correct answer. '个体' means individual, '家庭' means family, and '小型' means small-scale.
两家公司决定成立一家___来共同开发新产品。
The decision by two companies to work together to develop new products suggests forming a joint venture, so '合资' (joint venture) is the most appropriate. '独立' means independent, '分开' means separate, and '私有' means private.
我们公司和一家外国公司成立了一个___。
The sentence talks about two companies forming a new entity together, which is what a joint venture (合资) is.
这家工厂是两家公司共同投资的，所以是一个___企业。
When two companies invest together, it forms a joint venture (合资) enterprise.
他们计划成立一家___公司，一起开发新产品。
The phrase '一起开发新产品' (develop new products together) suggests a joint venture (合资) company.
合资的意思是两家公司各自独立经营。
合资 (joint venture) means two companies work together and often share resources and management, not operate independently.
成立合资公司通常是为了共同承担风险和分享利润。
A common reason for forming a joint venture (合资) is indeed to share both risks and profits.
只有外国公司才能和中国公司成立合资。
While '合资' is often used in the context of international partnerships, it can also refer to joint ventures between two domestic companies.
You are writing a short email to a Chinese colleague. You want to mention that your company is planning to start a 'joint venture' with a Chinese partner. How would you write the part about the joint venture?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我们公司计划和一家中国公司成立一个合资企业。
Imagine you are describing a company that was formed by two different businesses working together. You want to use the term 'joint venture'. Write a simple sentence in Chinese.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这是一家合资公司。
You are telling a friend about a new project that involves two companies sharing resources and risks. How would you say in Chinese that it's a 'joint venture project'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这是一个合资项目。
这家公司有什么特点？
Read this passage:
这家公司是去年成立的。它是一个合资企业，由两家不同国家的公司共同投资。他们的目标是开发新产品。
这家公司有什么特点？
文章中明确提到“它是一个合资企业”。
文章中明确提到“它是一个合资企业”。
“合资企业”在这里指的是什么？
Read this passage:
小王的公司和日本公司合作，开了一家新的工厂。这家工厂就是他们两家的合资企业。
“合资企业”在这里指的是什么？
文章中说“这家工厂就是他们两家的合资企业”。
文章中说“这家工厂就是他们两家的合资企业”。
根据这段话，合资企业通常需要做什么？
Read this passage:
因为是合资，所以两家公司要一起分享利润，也要一起承担风险。这是一种常见的合作方式。
根据这段话，合资企业通常需要做什么？
文章中提到“两家公司要一起分享利润，也要一起承担风险”。
文章中提到“两家公司要一起分享利润，也要一起承担风险”。
This sentence asks if 'this' is a joint venture company. The correct order places '这' (this) first, followed by '是' (is), '一家' (a), '合资' (joint venture), '公司' (company), and finally the question particle '吗' (ma).
This sentence means 'They want to establish a new joint venture enterprise.' The correct order is subject (他们), verb (想 成立), quantity (一个), adjective (新的), and then the noun phrase (合资 企业).
This sentence means 'We have a joint venture project with a foreign company.' The correct order starts with the subject '我们' (we), followed by '和' (with), '一家 外国 公司' (a foreign company), '有' (have), and '合资 项目' (joint venture project).
他们计划建立一个___公司。
The sentence talks about establishing a type of company, and '合资' (joint venture) fits the context of two or more parties collaborating.
这家汽车公司是中国和德国的___。
When two countries' companies work together to form one entity, '合资' (joint venture) is the most appropriate term.
成立一个___可以帮助我们进入新市场。
To enter new markets, a joint venture (合资企业) is often a strategic choice, leveraging resources from different partners.
这家新工厂是两家大公司的___。
If a new factory is formed by two large companies, it is typically a joint venture company (合资公司).
我们正在考虑与外国伙伴建立一个___项目。
When working with foreign partners, a '合资' (joint venture) project is a common approach.
通过___，他们分享了技术和市场。
A joint venture (合资) allows partners to share resources like technology and market access.
Which of the following describes a business arrangement where two or more companies work together?
合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, where multiple parties invest and share profits/risks. The other options refer to wholly-owned or subsidiary companies.
我们公司正在和一家外国公司谈一个___项目。
The sentence implies collaboration with a foreign company, making '合资' (joint venture) the most appropriate fit. '独自' means alone, '私有' means private, and '国有' means state-owned.
Which sentence correctly uses '合资' (hézī)?
合资 (hézī) is used to describe a business or project involving joint investment. The other options use '合资' incorrectly in terms of context.
合资 (hézī) means a business owned by a single individual.
合资 (hézī) means a joint venture, implying ownership by multiple parties, not a single individual.
中国有很多外国公司和中国公司成立的合资企业。(There are many joint ventures established by foreign companies and Chinese companies in China.)
This statement is true. Joint ventures are a common business model in China for foreign companies.
一个合资公司通常只有一位老板。(A joint venture company usually has only one boss.)
A joint venture, by definition, involves multiple parties, so it typically has more than one boss or decision-maker.
Is this company a joint venture?
They plan to establish a new joint venture company.
This project is a joint venture between the two countries.
Read this aloud:
合资
Focus: hé zī
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我正在考虑与一家外国公司成立合资企业。
Focus: wǒ zhèng zài kǎo lǜ yǔ yī jiā wài guó gōng sī chéng lì hé zī qǐ yè
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
合资公司的好处是什么？
Focus: hé zī gōng sī de hǎo chù shì shén me
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
这家公司是中德两国企业共同成立的___。
“合资”特指两国或多家企业共同出资经营。
他们计划成立一家生产电动汽车的___。
根据语境，表示共同投资成立公司，“合资”最符合。
经过多轮谈判，双方终于就___协议达成一致。
协议的主题是关于共同投资，所以是“合资协议”。
这家工厂是世界上最大的汽车___之一。
如果指的是多家公司共同投资的工厂，应使用“合资”。
政府鼓励外国企业通过___方式在中国投资设厂。
“合资”是外国企业在中国投资的一种常见方式。
我们正在寻求与一家技术领先的公司建立___关系。
建立共同投资关系，以利用对方技术，所以是“合资关系”。
Which of the following describes a '合资' (joint venture)?
合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, which is a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. Often, this involves companies from different countries.
以下哪项最能说明公司建立“合资”关系的目的？
公司建立合资 (hézī) 关系的主要目的之一是扩大市场份额和分散风险，因为通过合作可以共享资源和市场知识。
公司A和公司B决定共同投资一个新项目，共享利润和风险。这被称为什么？
当两家或更多公司共同投资一个新项目，并共享利润和风险时，这正是合资 (hézī) 的定义。
合资企业通常由一家公司全权拥有和管理。
合资企业 (hézī qǐyè) 的特点是多个合作伙伴共同拥有和管理，而不是由一家公司全权拥有和管理。
建立合资企业可以帮助公司进入新的市场。
是的，建立合资企业 (hézī qǐyè) 是公司进入不熟悉的新市场的一种常见策略，可以利用合作伙伴的市场知识和资源。
在合资企业中，利润和损失通常是根据合作伙伴的初始投资比例分配的。
在大多数合资企业 (hézī qǐyè) 中，利润和损失的分配确实是根据各方在合资协议中约定的初始投资比例进行的。
This company is a joint venture with foreign partners.
They plan to establish a new joint venture company.
A joint venture can help us enter new markets.
Read this aloud:
合资企业有哪些优缺点？
Focus: hé zī qǐ yè
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您认为在当今市场中，合资企业仍然是一个好的选择吗？
Focus: dāng jīn shì chǎng
You said:
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请描述一个您了解的合资成功案例。
Focus: chéng gōng àn lì
You said:
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Imagine you are explaining the concept of a 'joint venture' to a friend. Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) in Chinese defining what it is and giving a simple example. Make sure to use the term 合资.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
合资是一种商业合作模式，指两个或多个公司共同出资、共同经营。他们通常会成立一家新的合资公司。例如，外国公司和中国公司可以成立一家合资企业，共同开发市场。
You are a business consultant. Write a short email (3-4 sentences) to a client recommending they consider a 'joint venture' for their expansion into a new market. Use 合资 at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
尊敬的客户，考虑到您进入新市场的计划，我们建议您考虑与当地公司进行合资。通过合资，您可以更好地了解当地市场，并降低投资风险。这是一种非常有效的合作方式，可以帮助您快速建立市场份额。
Describe a hypothetical situation where a 'joint venture' would be a good strategy for two companies. Focus on the benefits. (3-4 sentences) Use 合资.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
如果一家拥有先进技术的公司想进入一个新市场，而另一家公司在该市场拥有丰富的本地资源和销售网络，那么合资将是一个很好的策略。通过合资，技术公司可以利用当地公司的市场经验，而当地公司则可以获得先进技术。这种合作可以实现双方的优势互补，共同开拓市场。
根据这段话，外国企业在中国成立合资公司的主要原因是什么？
Read this passage:
在中国，许多外国企业选择与中国企业成立合资公司，以规避市场风险并更快地融入当地商业环境。这种合资模式不仅能共享资源，还能学习彼此的优势。
根据这段话，外国企业在中国成立合资公司的主要原因是什么？
文章中明确提到“以规避市场风险并更快地融入当地商业环境”是主要原因。
文章中明确提到“以规避市场风险并更快地融入当地商业环境”是主要原因。
根据这段话，为什么这家跨国公司被建议成立合资企业？
Read this passage:
一家跨国公司正在考虑进入非洲市场。他们面临着对当地文化和法规不熟悉的挑战。有人建议他们寻找当地合作伙伴成立一家合资企业。
根据这段话，为什么这家跨国公司被建议成立合资企业？
文章中提到“他们面临着对当地文化和法规不熟悉的挑战”，所以成立合资企业是为了解决这个问题。
文章中提到“他们面临着对当地文化和法规不熟悉的挑战”，所以成立合资企业是为了解决这个问题。
根据这段话，成立合资企业可能存在什么挑战？
Read this passage:
虽然合资企业有很多好处，但也可能存在一些挑战，比如文化差异和管理风格的冲突。因此，在成立合资企业之前，双方需要进行充分的沟通和了解。
根据这段话，成立合资企业可能存在什么挑战？
文章中明确指出“文化差异和管理风格的冲突”是可能存在的挑战。
文章中明确指出“文化差异和管理风格的冲突”是可能存在的挑战。
This sentence structure (subject + decided + establish + (number) + joint venture company) is common for describing the formation of a joint venture.
The phrase '中德合资企业' (Sino-German joint venture enterprise) acts as a possessive modifier for '项目' (project).
The verb '进行' (to conduct/carry out) is often used with '合资' when describing the act of engaging in a joint venture.
这家公司正在考虑与一家外国企业成立___，以扩大其在全球市场的影响力。
To expand its global market influence, the company is considering forming a 'joint venture' (合资) with a foreign enterprise.
由于双方在管理理念上存在分歧，这个___最终以失败告终。
Because of disagreements in management philosophies between the two parties, this 'joint venture' (合资) ultimately failed.
政府鼓励外商与本地企业成立___，以促进技术交流和经济发展。
The government encourages foreign businesses to form 'joint ventures' (合资) with local enterprises to promote technological exchange and economic development.
通过设立___，两家公司可以共享资源，降低运营成本。
By establishing a 'joint venture' (合资), the two companies can share resources and reduce operating costs.
这家汽车制造商与一家电池技术公司成立了___，共同开发电动汽车。
This car manufacturer formed a 'joint venture' (合资) with a battery technology company to jointly develop electric vehicles.
他们希望通过这次___，能够更好地进入亚洲市场。
They hope that through this 'joint venture' (合资), they can better enter the Asian market.
公司计划与一家外国企业成立___，共同开发新产品。
句子表示公司将与外国企业共同出资经营，因此“合资”最符合语境。
这家汽车制造厂是中德两家公司的___。
题目中提到是中德两家公司共同拥有，所以是合资企业。
为了扩大市场份额，我们正在考虑与其他公司进行___。
为了扩大市场份额，与其他公司共同出资经营是常见策略，因此选择“合资”。
成立合资公司通常意味着两家或更多公司共同出资经营。
合资的定义就是共同投资、共同经营。
合资企业只能由两家公司组成，不能多于两家。
合资企业可以由两家或两家以上的公司共同出资组成。
与外国公司合资是中国企业进入国际市场的一种方式。
通过与外国公司合资，中国企业可以利用外国公司的技术和市场渠道，从而进入国际市场。
You are a business consultant advising a foreign company looking to enter the Chinese market. Explain the concept of a '合资' (joint venture) and its potential benefits and drawbacks for their business strategy.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
成立一家合资企业是在中国市场立足的常见方式。通过与当地企业合作，外国公司可以利用其对本地市场的了解和分销网络，同时分担投资风险。然而，潜在的挑战包括文化差异、管理风格冲突以及知识产权保护问题。在决定是否成立合资企业时，您需要仔细权衡这些利弊。
Imagine you are writing an email to a potential Chinese partner. In your email, propose the idea of forming a '合资' (joint venture) to develop a new technology. Clearly state your company's strengths and what you hope to gain from the partnership.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我们公司在研发方面拥有雄厚实力，尤其在人工智能领域取得了显著成就。我们相信，通过与贵公司成立合资企业，我们可以结合双方优势，共同开发出突破性的新产品，并迅速将其推向中国市场。我们期待与您探讨这一合作的可能性。
Describe a hypothetical scenario where a '合资' (joint venture) would be an ideal business structure for two companies. Explain why it's suitable and what specific benefits each company would gain.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
假设一家拥有先进电池技术的西方公司希望进入电动汽车蓬勃发展的中国市场，而一家中国汽车制造商则缺乏电池技术但拥有强大的生产能力和分销网络。在这种情况下，成立一家合资企业将是理想的选择。西方公司可以借此进入中国市场并降低投资风险，而中国公司则能获得关键技术，从而提升其产品的竞争力。双方通过资源互补，实现互利共赢。
根据文章，为什么跨国公司倾向于在中国设立合资企业？
Read this passage:
随着全球经济一体化的深入，跨国公司在中国设立合资企业已成为一种普遍的商业策略。这种模式不仅有助于外国企业更快地适应本地市场，还能有效规避部分政策风险。然而，文化的融合与管理模式的协调一直是合资企业面临的重大挑战。如何平衡双方的利益，实现共同发展，是每个合资企业都需要深思熟虑的问题。
根据文章，为什么跨国公司倾向于在中国设立合资企业？
文章明确提到“这种模式不仅有助于外国企业更快地适应本地市场，还能有效规避部分政策风险”。
文章明确提到“这种模式不仅有助于外国企业更快地适应本地市场，还能有效规避部分政策风险”。
根据文章，导致合资企业初期陷入困境的主要原因可能是什么？
Read this passage:
一家成功的合资企业通常需要清晰的股权结构、明确的合作目标和完善的退出机制。许多合资企业在初期因目标模糊或利益分配不均而陷入困境。因此，在签订合资合同前，双方必须进行充分的沟通和协商，确保对未来的发展方向和潜在风险有共同的理解。
根据文章，导致合资企业初期陷入困境的主要原因可能是什么？
文章指出“许多合资企业在初期因目标模糊或利益分配不均而陷入困境”。
文章指出“许多合资企业在初期因目标模糊或利益分配不均而陷入困境”。
文中提到的汽车合资公司成功的原因不包括以下哪一项？
Read this passage:
某汽车品牌通过与本地企业成立合资公司，成功在中国市场站稳脚跟，并迅速扩大了其市场份额。该合资公司充分利用了中方合作伙伴的销售渠道和客户资源，同时引进了外方先进的生产技术和管理经验，实现了双赢。这表明，在正确的战略指导下，合资模式能够成为企业拓展新市场的重要工具。
文中提到的汽车合资公司成功的原因不包括以下哪一项？
文章提到“迅速扩大了其市场份额”，但并未提及“垄断了整个中国汽车市场”。
文章提到“迅速扩大了其市场份额”，但并未提及“垄断了整个中国汽车市场”。
This sentence describes the establishment of a Sino-foreign joint venture company. The correct order places the subject '这家中外合资公司' (This Sino-foreign joint venture company) first, followed by the verb '成立于' (was established in) and then the time '去年' (last year).
This sentence indicates that '他们' (they) are '正在洽谈' (currently negotiating) '一个新的合资项目' (a new joint venture project). The structure follows subject-verb-object.
This sentence explains that '这个合资企业' (this joint venture enterprise) '为当地' (for the local area) '创造了很多就业机会' (created many employment opportunities). The phrase '为当地' acts as a prepositional phrase indicating the beneficiary.
这家公司通过与一家外国企业建立___，成功进入了国际市场。
Context indicates a formal business arrangement with a foreign entity to enter the international market, which is precisely what a joint venture ('合资') is.
双方在谈判中就___企业的股权分配问题进行了长时间的讨论。
The sentence discusses equity distribution, a key characteristic of a joint venture ('合资'). The other options describe different types of business relationships.
为了规避市场风险，许多跨国公司选择以___的形式进入新兴市场。
Entering emerging markets to mitigate risk often involves sharing resources and risk, a primary benefit of a joint venture ('合资').
这家汽车制造企业宣布将与一家科技巨头成立___，共同开发智能汽车技术。
The context of two major companies formally establishing a new entity to develop technology points directly to a joint venture ('合资').
政府鼓励国内外企业建立___，以促进技术交流和产业升级。
The phrase '国内企业与国外企业' (domestic and foreign enterprises) and the goals of technology exchange and industrial upgrading are common drivers for forming joint ventures ('合资').
经过数月的磋商，两家航空公司终于达成协议，成立一家新的___运营国际航线。
The formation of a 'new enterprise' ('一家新的') by two airlines to operate international routes clearly indicates a joint venture ('合资').
这家公司是两个大企业共同投资的___，主要生产新能源汽车。
合资 (hézī) specifically refers to a joint venture, which fits the context of two large companies investing together. 合作 (hézuò) means cooperation, 联盟 (liánméng) means alliance, and 结合 (jiéhé) means combine, none of which precisely describe the financial and structural arrangement.
为了开拓国际市场，我们计划与一家外国公司成立一个___。
成立一个合资企业 (hézī qǐyè) means to establish a joint venture company, which is the most appropriate term for collaborating with a foreign company to enter a new market. 独资公司 (dúzī gōngsī) is a wholly-owned company, 分公司 (fēngōngsī) is a branch company, and 子公司 (zǐgōngsī) is a subsidiary company, none of which imply shared ownership with a separate entity.
政府鼓励国内外企业通过___的方式，共同开发高科技项目。
政府鼓励国内外企业通过合资 (hézī) 的方式 (de fāngshì) means the government encourages domestic and foreign enterprises to develop high-tech projects together through the method of joint ventures. 兼并 (jiānbìng) means merger, 收购 (shōugòu) means acquisition, and 托管 (tuōguǎn) means trusteeship, all of which represent different business structures or actions.
在一个合资企业中，所有的投资方都必须是中国的企业。
合资企业 (hézī qǐyè) can involve partners from different countries, not exclusively Chinese enterprises. The core idea is shared investment and operation, regardless of the origin of the partners.
成立合资企业是为了将不同公司的资源、技术和市场优势结合起来。
This statement is true. A primary motivation for forming a joint venture is to leverage the complementary strengths (resources, technology, market access) of each partner for mutual benefit.
一旦成立合资公司，所有参与方的法律地位和独立性都将完全消失。
While they share ownership and management of the joint venture, the original companies involved in a joint venture typically maintain their separate legal entities and independent operations outside of the specific joint venture agreement.
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Summary
合资 means a joint venture, where companies combine resources for a business project.
- business partnership
- shared investment
- project collaboration
Understanding 合资 (hézī)
合资 (hézī) is a noun that means 'joint venture.' It's commonly used in business contexts to describe a business arrangement where two or more parties agree to pool their resources for the purpose of accomplishing a specific task. This task can be a new project or any other business activity. In a joint venture, each of the participants is responsible for profits, losses, and costs associated with the venture. However, the venture is its own entity, separate from the participants' other business interests.
Breaking Down the Characters
Let's break down 合资:
合 (hé) means 'to combine,' 'to join,' or 'to unite.' You might recognize this character from words like 合作 (hézuò - 'cooperate') or 合适 (héshì - 'suitable').
资 (zī) means 'resources,' 'capital,' or 'funds.' This character appears in words like 投资 (tóuzī - 'invest') or 资金 (zījīn - 'funds').
So, 合资 literally means 'combined resources,' which makes perfect sense for 'joint venture.'
Common Usage of 合资
合资 is most frequently used to describe a company or an enterprise. For example, you'll often hear about a '合资公司' (hézī gōngsī), which means 'joint venture company.'
Example Sentence 1
我们和一家德国公司成立了一家合资企业。
Wǒmen hé yī jiā Déguó gōngsī chénglì le yī jiā hézī qǐyè.
We established a joint venture with a German company.
Related Content
More business words
本事
A2Skill; ability; capability.
相应地
B1Correspondingly.
账号
A2account (e.g., bank, online)
客户经理
A2account manager
账户
B1A record of financial transactions for an individual or business, usually at a bank; or a user profile for a digital service.
会计
A2accounting, accountant
收购
B1To purchase; to acquire (a company).
商业活动
A2Business activity.
广告费
A2Advertising expenses.
调整
B1To change something slightly in order to make it more correct, effective, or suitable.
