B2 noun Neutral 1 min read

除去

chuchu chú qù /tʂʰu˧˥ tɕʰy˥˩/
Practice it

“除去” is a versatile word primarily meaning 'to remove' but also used as a preposition meaning 'except for,' functioning similarly to '除了'.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Primarily means 'to remove' or 'to eliminate'.
  • Can also function as a preposition, meaning 'except for'.
  • Versatile in both formal and informal contexts.

Overview

“除去”是一个在中文中非常实用的词汇，它兼具动词和介词的功能。作为动词时，它表示将某物从某处移开，使其不再存在或不再成为问题，例如清除污渍、消除障碍。作为介词时，它引入一个例外情况，表达“除了……之外”的意思，与“除了”相似，但有时语感上更偏向书面或正式。

作为介词时，常用于概括性陈述中，表示排除个别情况，如“除去个别例外，普遍如此”。

除去 + 某物/某人，都/也/还...: 表示把某物或某人排除在外，其余的都包括在内。结构类似于“除了...之外”。例如：除去他，所有人都同意这个方案（Except for him, everyone agreed to the plan）。

除去 + 某物/某人，没有/不...: 表示某物或某人是唯一的例外。例如：除去少数人，大家都很满意（Except for a few people, everyone was satisfied）。

除去 + 宾语（名词/名词短语）: 表示清除、移除某个具体或抽象的事物。例如：除去灰尘（remove dust）、除去杂草（remove weeds）、除去烦恼（get rid of worries）。

除去 + 措施/方法: 较少见，但可表示通过某种方式来消除，例如“除去旧习，需从教育入手”。

“排除”强调将某物从一个群体中移开，使其不包括在内，常用于排除故障、排除嫌疑。与“除去”作为介词的用法相似，但“排除”更侧重于“排斥、不包括”的意味。

“消除”侧重于使某物完全不存在，通常指抽象的事物，如消除误会、消除恐惧。“除去”既可以指抽象也可以指具体，更强调“移走、去掉”的动作，如除去污渍、除去烦恼。

“除了”是纯粹的介词，表示“除了……之外”，用法更广，可以带出例外或补充。当“除去”用作介词时，与“除了”意思相近，但“除了”更口语化和常用，且可以引出肯定或否定的例外情况，用法更灵活。在很多情况下，两者可以互换，但在口语中“除了”更自然。

Examples

1

妈妈正在厨房里除去鱼的鳞片。

everyday

Mom is removing the scales from the fish in the kitchen.

2

我们必须努力除去社会上的各种弊端。

formal

We must strive to eliminate various malpractices in society.

3

除去你，没人知道这个秘密。

informal

Except for you, no one knows this secret.

4

除去实验误差，结果基本符合预期。

academic

Aside from experimental errors, the results largely met expectations.

Common Collocations

除去污渍 remove stains
除去障碍 remove obstacles
除去异味 remove peculiar smells

Common Phrases

除去杂草

remove weeds

除去烦恼

get rid of worries

除去一切障碍

remove all obstacles

Often Confused With

除去 vs 除了 (chúle)

“除了” is primarily a preposition meaning 'besides, except for,' and is much more common in spoken Chinese. While “除去” can also function as a preposition with a similar meaning, it also has a strong verbal meaning of 'to remove or eliminate,' which “除了” does not. When used as a preposition, “除去” can feel slightly more formal than “除了.”

除去 vs 消除 (xiāochú)

Both mean 'to eliminate.' “消除” often implies making something abstract completely disappear, like '消除误会' (eliminate misunderstanding) or '消除恐惧' (eliminate fear). “除去” can be used for both concrete and abstract things, emphasizing the act of 'getting rid of' or 'taking away,' such as '除去灰尘' (remove dust) or '除去烦恼' (remove worries).

Grammar Patterns

除去 + 宾语 (Verb + Object): e.g., 除去旧习 (remove old habits) 除去 + 名词/代词，[都/也/还]... (Preposition + Noun/Pronoun, [all/also/still]...): e.g., 除去他，所有人都到了。(Except for him, everyone arrived.) 除去 + 障碍/困难 (Verb + Obstacle/Difficulty): e.g., 除去前进的障碍 (remove obstacles to progress)

How to Use It

Usage Notes

“除去” can be used in both formal and informal contexts. As a verb, it tends to be neutral to slightly formal, especially when discussing abstract problems or official actions. As a preposition, it is generally neutral but '除了' is often preferred in very casual speech. Its usage is quite versatile across different registers.

Common Mistakes

A common mistake is using “除去” interchangeably with “除了” in all prepositional contexts, especially when “除了” would be more natural or when the nuance of inclusion/exclusion is slightly different. Another error is overlooking its primary verbal meaning and only associating it with 'except for.' Ensure to use the correct object or context when “除去” acts as a verb.

Tips

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Mastering Dual Roles

Focus on understanding '除去' as both a verb (to remove) and a preposition (except for) to grasp its full utility and apply it correctly in various sentences.

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'除了' vs '除去' Nuance

While '除去' can mean 'except for,' '除了' is generally more common and versatile for this meaning in everyday conversation. Use '除去' for exceptions when a slightly more formal tone is desired, or when emphasizing the 'removal' aspect of the exception.

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Verb Usage in Formal Contexts

As a verb, '除去' often appears in more formal or written contexts, especially when referring to the elimination of abstract problems, obstacles, or undesirable elements in society or systems.

Word Origin

“除去” is composed of “除” (chú), meaning 'to remove, to eliminate,' and “去” (qù), meaning 'to go, to leave.' Together, they reinforce the idea of taking something away or getting rid of it. The combination emphasizes the action of removal.

Cultural Context

“除去” is a functional word without significant specific cultural connotations. Its usage is primarily linguistic, focusing on the actions of removal or exception. It doesn't carry specific cultural values or historical weight beyond its literal meanings, making it a universally applicable term in Chinese.

Memory Tip

Think of “除去” as 'remove-cept.' It's either 'REMOVING' something (like dirt) or making an 'EXCEPTion' for something (like a person).

Frequently Asked Questions

3 questions

“除去”主要有两种用法。第一是作为动词，表示“去掉、清除、消除”，例如“除去污渍”。第二是作为介词，表示“除了……之外”，强调排除某个对象，例如“除去少数人，大家都支持这个计划”。

“除去”既可以是动词也可以是介词，而“除了”主要是介词。当“除去”用作介词时，它与“除了”意思相近，都表示排除或例外。但“除了”在口语中更常用，且可以引出肯定或否定的例外情况，用法更灵活，而“除去”作介词时有时显得更书面。

“除去”在正式和非正式语境中都可以使用。作为动词，它常用于描述清除具体或抽象事物，如“除去障碍”、“除去烦恼”。作为介词，它常用于概括性陈述中，表示排除个别情况，如“除去个别情况，普遍如此”，在学术和正式语境中也常见。

Test Yourself

fill blank

医生建议她多吃蔬菜水果，____ 体内的毒素。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 除去

“除去”在这里表示“清除、排出”，符合句意，指清除体内的毒素。

multiple choice

a) 除去他，我们都去过北京。 b) 我除去了一本书在桌子上。 c) 除去了一个问题，其他都解决了。 d) 他除去了一件衣服。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: a

选项a中“除去”用作介词，表示“除了他之外”，语法正确。选项b、c、d的用法不自然或不符合常见搭配。选项b更常用“拿走”或“放下一本书”。选项c的“除去了一个问题”应是“解决了问题”。选项d更常用“脱掉”衣服。

sentence building

____ 小明，所有同学都完成了作业。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 除去

“除去”在这里用作介词，表示“除了小明之外”，符合题意，表达了排除小明这个例外的情况。

Score: /3

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