عاقل 30秒了解
- Âqel means wise, rational, or sensible.
- It comes from the Arabic root for 'restraint'.
- It is used for people of sound mind and good judgment.
- It is a key term in Persian ethics, law, and poetry.
The word عاقل (Âqel) is a cornerstone of Persian moral and intellectual vocabulary. Derived from the Arabic root 'A-Q-L', which literally refers to a tether or a bond used to restrain a camel, it metaphorically represents the 'restraint' of the mind over impulses. In Persian, being Âqel isn't just about having a high IQ; it's about possessing the wisdom to make right decisions, the sanity to distinguish reality from delusion, and the maturity to act with foresight.
- Core Concept
- The ability to use reason (Aql) to govern behavior.
- Social Status
- In Iranian culture, being called 'Âqel' is a high compliment, suggesting reliability and adulthood.
- Legal Context
- In jurisprudence, it refers to a person of sound mind who is legally responsible for their actions.
آدم عاقل دو بار از یک سوراخ گزیده نمیشود.
When we describe someone as Âqel, we are highlighting their capacity for rational thought. It stands in direct opposition to Divâne (insane) or Nâdân (ignorant). It is the quality that allows a person to navigate the complexities of life without being swayed by fleeting emotions or illogical whims.
او همیشه رفتاری عاقلانه دارد.
باید عاقل باشی و احساساتی تصمیم نگیری.
بچهی عاقلی است، حرف گوش میدهد.
آیا او برای این کار عاقل به نظر میرسد؟
- Philosophical Nuance
- In Sufi literature, the 'Âqel' is sometimes contrasted with the 'Âsheq' (the lover), where the former represents cold logic and the latter represents divine passion.
Using عاقل correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective and its derivative forms. It primarily describes people, but its adverbial form Âqelâne (wisely/rationally) describes actions. In everyday conversation, it is frequently used to advise children or peers to 'be sensible'.
- As an Adjective
- Placed after the noun with an Ezafe: 'Mard-e âqel' (The wise man).
- As a Predicate
- 'U âqel ast' (He is wise/sensible).
- Comparative Forms
- 'Âqeltar' (Wiser) and 'Âqeltarin' (Wisest).
When advising someone, you might say 'Âqel bâsh!' (Be sensible!). This is common when someone is about to make a risky or emotional decision. In formal writing, Âqel is used to discuss human nature, philosophy, and law. For example, 'Ensan-e âqel' (The rational human) is a standard term in academic texts.
تصمیم عاقلانهای گرفتی که پولت را پسانداز کردی.
The word also appears in the compound verb 'Âqel shodan', meaning to become wise or to 'grow up' mentally. If a child stops misbehaving, a parent might say, 'Bache-am âqel shode' (My child has become sensible/mature).
You will encounter عاقل in a variety of settings, from the most domestic to the most intellectual. In a Persian household, it's a word used by elders to guide the youth. In a courtroom, it's a technical term regarding mental competence. In literature, it's a character trait of the protagonist or the sage.
- In the Media
- News analysts often discuss 'Siyâsat-e âqelâne' (Rational policy) when evaluating government decisions.
- In Classical Poetry
- Rumi and Hafez often use 'Âqel' to contrast the mind's limitations with the heart's infinity.
- In Daily Life
- Friends use it to praise each other's advice: 'Harf-e âqelânei zadi' (You said something wise).
عاقل آن است که اندیشه کند پایان را.
Movies and TV dramas often feature a 'character of reason' who is described as the Âqel of the group, the one who prevents others from making rash mistakes. In religious contexts, the 'Aql' is considered a gift from God that distinguishes humans from animals, making 'Âqel' a state of spiritual fulfillment.
While عاقل is a common word, learners often confuse it with similar concepts like 'smart' or 'educated'. Being Âqel is not the same as being Bâ-hush (intelligent) or Tahsil-kardeh (educated).
- Mistake 1: IQ vs. Wisdom
- Don't use 'Âqel' to describe someone who is good at math but makes terrible life choices. Use 'Bâ-hush' for that.
- Mistake 2: Sarcasm Misinterpretation
- Be careful with the tone. 'Kheyli âqeli!' can mean 'You're very wise' or 'You're a total idiot' depending on the sarcasm.
- Mistake 3: Confusing with 'Ma'ghul'
- 'Âqel' describes a person; 'Ma'ghul' describes an idea or price (reasonable/logical).
Another common error is using 'Âqel' when you mean 'Sâlem' (healthy). While 'Âqel' implies mental health, it specifically refers to the capacity for reasoning, not physical well-being.
To truly master عاقل, you must understand its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. Persian has a rich vocabulary for the mind and intellect.
- دانا (Dânâ)
- Means 'knowledgeable' or 'wise'. It's more about having information and experience than just the capacity for reason.
- خردمند (Kheradmand)
- A very formal, literary word for 'wise'. It implies deep, ancient wisdom and virtue.
- هوشیار (Hushyâr)
- Means 'alert' or 'sober'. It focuses on being conscious and aware of one's surroundings.
- فهیم (Fahim)
- Means 'understanding' or 'perceptive'. It suggests a quick grasp of complex situations.
تفاوت عاقل و دانا در این است که عاقل از تجربه استفاده میکند، اما دانا دانش دارد.
In contrast, the antonyms are equally important: Nâdân (ignorant), Jâhel (unaware/ignorant in a religious/moral sense), and Bi-aql (brainless/stupid). Understanding these spectrums helps you choose the right word for the right level of formality.
How Formal Is It?
难度评级
需要掌握的语法
Ezafe construction for adjectives
Comparative and Superlative suffixes (-tar, -tarin)
Subjunctive mood after 'bâyad' (must)
Compound verbs with 'shodan' and 'budan'
Adverb formation with '-âne'
按水平分级的例句
او مرد عاقلی است.
He is a wise man.
Adjective follows the noun with Ezafe (-e).
بچهی عاقل حرف گوش میدهد.
A sensible child listens.
Âqel as an attributive adjective.
آیا تو عاقل هستی؟
Are you sensible?
Simple question with 'to' (you).
برادرم خیلی عاقل است.
My brother is very wise.
Use of 'kheyli' (very) as an intensifier.
سگ من عاقل است.
My dog is sensible.
Applying the adjective to an animal.
زن عاقل پولش را خرج نمیکند.
A wise woman doesn't spend her money.
Negative verb 'kharj nemikonad'.
او عاقل و مهربان است.
He is wise and kind.
Joining two adjectives with 'va' (and).
من میخواهم عاقل باشم.
I want to be wise.
Compound verb 'âqel budan'.
باید عاقل باشی و این کار را نکنی.
You must be sensible and not do this.
Modal 'bâyad' + subjunctive.
او از من عاقلتر است.
He is wiser than me.
Comparative 'âqeltar'.
این یک تصمیم عاقلانه بود.
This was a wise decision.
Adverbial adjective 'âqelâne'.
آدم عاقل همیشه فکر میکند.
A wise person always thinks.
Generic 'âdam' (person).
چرا عاقلانه رفتار نمیکنی؟
Why don't you act wisely?
Adverbial usage.
او عاقلترین فرد خانواده است.
He is the wisest person in the family.
Superlative 'âqeltarin'.
پدرم همیشه نصیحتهای عاقلانهای میکند.
My father always gives wise advice.
Plural adjective 'âqelâne'.
او بعد از آن اتفاق عاقل شد.
He became wise after that incident.
Change of state 'âqel shodan'.
در این شرایط، بهترین کار این است که عاقل باشیم.
In this situation, the best thing is to be sensible.
Complex sentence structure.
او با وجود جوانی، بسیار عاقل به نظر میرسد.
Despite being young, he seems very wise.
Concession 'bâ vojud-e'.
یک مدیر عاقل همیشه به نظرات دیگران گوش میدهد.
A wise manager always listens to others' opinions.
Professional context.
او عاقلانه از دعوا دوری کرد.
He wisely avoided the fight.
Adverb modifying the verb.
آیا این حرف عاقلانه است؟
Is this a sensible thing to say?
Interrogative.
او سعی میکند عاقلانه زندگی کند.
He tries to live wisely.
Infinitive 'zendegi kardan'.
ما به یک راه حل عاقلانه نیاز داریم.
We need a rational solution.
Noun phrase 'râh-e hal-e âqelâne'.
او همیشه عاقلانه انتخاب میکند.
He always chooses wisely.
Present habitual.
سیاستمداران باید تصمیمات عاقلانهتری بگیرند.
Politicians must make wiser decisions.
Comparative adjective in a formal context.
عاقلانه نیست که همهی پولت را در یک جا سرمایهگذاری کنی.
It's not wise to invest all your money in one place.
Impersonal construction 'âqelâne nist ke...'.
او فردی عاقل و بالغ است که میتواند برای خودش تصمیم بگیرد.
He is a wise and mature individual who can decide for himself.
Relative clause 'ke...'.
برخورد عاقلانهی او باعث شد تنشها کاهش یابد.
His rational approach caused the tensions to decrease.
Causative structure.
در فلسفه، انسان موجودی عاقل تعریف میشود.
In philosophy, human is defined as a rational being.
Passive voice 'ta'rif mishavad'.
او با لحنی عاقلانه شروع به صحبت کرد.
He started speaking in a sensible tone.
Manner adverbial.
این رفتار اصلاً عاقلانه به نظر نمیرسد.
This behavior doesn't seem sensible at all.
Emphasis 'aslan' (at all).
او عاقلانه پذیرفت که اشتباه کرده است.
He wisely accepted that he had made a mistake.
Perfect tense in subordinate clause.
عاقل به کسی گویند که از تجربیات دیگران درس بگیرد.
A wise person is one who learns from others' experiences.
Literary 'guyand' (they say/is called).
جدال میان عشق و عقل همواره در ادبیات ما حضور داشته است.
The conflict between love and reason has always been present in our literature.
Abstract nouns 'Eshq' and 'Aql'.
او با رویکردی عاقلانه و مدبرانه بحران را مدیریت کرد.
He managed the crisis with a wise and prudent approach.
Sophisticated adjectives.
آیا میتوان گفت که هر عمل قانونی، لزوماً عاقلانه است؟
Can it be said that every legal act is necessarily rational?
Adverb 'lozumane' (necessarily).
نویسنده در این کتاب، نگاهی عاقلانه به تاریخ دارد.
The author has a rational look at history in this book.
Analytical context.
او عاقلانه از پاسخ دادن به سوالات جنجالی خودداری کرد.
He wisely refrained from answering controversial questions.
Formal verb 'khoddâri kardan'.
در متون کلاسیک، عاقل کسی است که بر نفس خود چیره شود.
In classical texts, the wise is one who masters their desires.
Ethical/Religious nuance.
این یک استدلال عاقلانه و منطقی است.
This is a rational and logical argument.
Academic terminology.
حکیم عاقل، خیر و صلاح جامعه را بر منافع شخصی مقدم میدارد.
The wise sage prioritizes the welfare of society over personal interests.
Archaic/Formal 'moqaddam midârad'.
تقابل عقلانیت و سنت، از مضامین اصلی این رساله است.
The confrontation between rationality and tradition is one of the main themes of this treatise.
Noun 'Aqlâniyat' (rationality).
او با فراستی عاقلانه، توطئه را پیشبینی کرد.
With wise sagacity, he foresaw the conspiracy.
High-level vocabulary 'ferâsat'.
در نظام حقوقی، بلوغ و عقل دو شرط اساسی برای مسئولیت کیفری هستند.
In the legal system, maturity and sanity are two essential conditions for criminal responsibility.
Legal terminology.
عاقل را اشارتی بس است.
A hint is enough for the wise.
Classical aphorism.
او در اوج بحران، متانت عاقلانهی خود را حفظ کرد.
In the height of the crisis, he maintained his rational composure.
Nuanced noun 'matânat'.
توجیهات او برای این اقدام، چندان عاقلانه به نظر نمیرسد.
His justifications for this action do not seem particularly rational.
Subtle critique.
عقل در مکتب اشراق، نوری است که از عالم بالا میتابد.
In the Illuminationist school, reason is a light that shines from the higher world.
Philosophical context.
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
Intelligence (IQ) vs. Wisdom/Judgment.
Knowledgeable vs. Rational/Sensible.
Describes an idea/price vs. describes a person.
习语与表达
容易混淆
句型
词族
名词
动词
形容词
如何使用
Primarily used for humans, occasionally for animals, rarely for objects.
Implies being 'sane' in a legal or medical context.
Almost always a positive trait, unless used sarcastically.
- Using Âqel for inanimate objects.
- Confusing Âqel (person) with Ma'ghul (idea).
- Pronouncing it as 'Akel' with a 'k' sound.
- Thinking it only means 'intelligent'.
- Using it to describe physical health.
小贴士
Praising Judgment
Use 'Âqel' when someone makes a difficult but correct choice.
Word Family
Learn 'Aql' (intellect) at the same time to understand the root.
Social Value
Being 'Âqel' is a key part of being a 'respected person' (shakhsiyat) in Iran.
Adverb Form
Add '-âne' to make it 'wisely' (Âqelâne).
The 'Q' sound
Don't pronounce the 'q' like a 'k'. It's deeper in the throat.
Legal Use
In legal docs, it means 'of sound mind'.
Proverbs
Memorize 'Âqel râ eshârati bas ast' to impress natives.
Formal Writing
Use 'Kheradmand' for a more poetic/literary version of 'Âqel'.
Sarcasm Detection
Listen for a high-pitched tone to detect sarcasm with this word.
Âqel vs. Bâ-hush
Remember: Âqel is about behavior, Bâ-hush is about brain power.
记住它
词源
Arabic
文化背景
The 'Âqel' is sometimes seen as limited by logic, unable to reach the heights of mystical love.
Persian culture is rich with proverbs about the 'Âqel' man vs. the 'Nâdân' (fool).
Being 'Âqel' is often valued more than being merely 'learned' (knowing facts).
在生活中练习
真实语境
对话开场白
"به نظر تو عاقلترین فردی که میشناسی کیست؟"
"آیا همیشه عاقلانه تصمیم میگیری یا احساساتی؟"
"چطور میتوانیم در زندگی عاقلتر شویم؟"
"یک تصمیم عاقلانه که اخیراً گرفتی چه بود؟"
"آیا عاقل بودن همیشه خوب است؟"
日记主题
زمانی را توصیف کنید که یک تصمیم عاقلانه گرفتید.
تفاوت بین باهوش بودن و عاقل بودن از نظر شما چیست؟
چرا در بعضی موقعیتها عاقل ماندن سخت است؟
یک ضربالمثل درباره عقل بنویسید و آن را تحلیل کنید.
چگونه میتوانیم به کودکان یاد بدهیم عاقل باشند؟
常见问题
10 个问题It means wise or sensible. A smart person (bâ-hush) might not be âqel if they make bad life choices.
No, for a computer or AI, use 'Hushmand' (smart/intelligent).
It is used in both formal and informal Persian.
The most common opposites are 'Nâdân' (ignorant) or 'Bi-aql' (brainless).
You use the adverbial form 'Âqelâne'.
Yes, to mean 'well-behaved' or 'mature for their age'.
It comes from the Arabic root A-Q-L, meaning to tie or restrain.
Yes, 'Kheyli âqeli' can mean 'You think you're so smart, don't you?'
Usually 'Âqel budan' (to be wise) or 'Âqel shodan' (to become wise).
Extremely common, especially in the works of Rumi, Saadi, and Hafez.
自我测试 180 个问题
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Âqel is more than just being 'smart'; it implies a moral and practical wisdom where reason governs one's actions and emotions, making it a highly respected trait in Persian culture.
- Âqel means wise, rational, or sensible.
- It comes from the Arabic root for 'restraint'.
- It is used for people of sound mind and good judgment.
- It is a key term in Persian ethics, law, and poetry.
Praising Judgment
Use 'Âqel' when someone makes a difficult but correct choice.
Word Family
Learn 'Aql' (intellect) at the same time to understand the root.
Social Value
Being 'Âqel' is a key part of being a 'respected person' (shakhsiyat) in Iran.
Adverb Form
Add '-âne' to make it 'wisely' (Âqelâne).
相关内容
相关表达
更多general词汇
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1“عادی”这个词的意思是“正常”或“普通”。例如：“平凡的一天”(یک روز عادی)。
عافیت
B2康泰、平安、健康。常用于打喷嚏后的祝愿，类似于“保重”。
عاجل
B2紧急的；需要立即关注或行动的。例如：“紧急新闻”或“早日康复”。
عاقبت
C1结果，结局，或者是“终于”。 '他终于（عاقبت）成功了。'
عالمگیر
C1全世界的，普遍的。影响全球的事物。
عالی
A1“Aali”在波斯语中意为“极好的”或“优秀的”。
عام
B1“Am”这个词的意思是“普遍的”或“公共的”。
اعم از
B2包括；无论是...还是...（用于引入选项）。
عاری
B1缺乏的，没有的。这是一个正式的形容词，用于描述完全没有某种性质或特征的状态。
