قدغن 30秒了解
- قدغن means forbidden or banned.
- It's used for things not allowed by rules or authority.
- Commonly seen on signs and in official announcements.
- Alternatives include ممنوع.
The Persian word قدغن (ghadaghan) is an adjective that means forbidden or banned. It signifies something that is not allowed, prohibited, or restricted by rules, laws, or authority. Think of it as a strong word to indicate that an action or item is off-limits.
People use قدغن in various situations to express prohibition. It can be used in official contexts, like when a government declares a certain area or activity as forbidden for safety reasons or due to legal restrictions. For instance, a park might be declared قدغن during a storm, or certain types of hunting might be قدغن to protect endangered species.
In everyday life, قدغن can also be used more informally to describe something that is strongly discouraged or simply not permitted within a specific group or family. For example, a parent might tell their child that playing with a particular toy is قدغن because it's too dangerous. Or, in a social setting, a certain topic of conversation might be implicitly قدغن if it's considered impolite or controversial.
The word carries a sense of seriousness and finality. When something is described as قدغن, it implies that there are consequences for violating this prohibition. It's not just a suggestion; it's a rule that must be followed. The strength of the word can vary depending on the context, but it generally conveys a clear message of restriction.
- Official Use
- When laws or regulations prohibit something. For example, 'ورود به این منطقه قدغن است' (Entering this area is forbidden).
- Social/Familial Use
- When something is not allowed within a family or social group. For example, 'بازی با چاقو قدغن است' (Playing with knives is forbidden).
استفاده از تلفن همراه در کلاس درس قدغن است.
Using قدغن (ghadaghan) correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a predicate adjective describing a state of being forbidden. It's often used with verbs like 'است' (is/are) or 'بود' (was/were) to form complete sentences.
When قدغن modifies a noun directly, it usually follows the noun it describes. For example, 'منطقه قدغن' means 'forbidden area'. However, it's more common to see it used predicatively, describing the state of something. For instance, 'این غذا قدغن است' translates to 'This food is forbidden'.
The structure often involves the subject, followed by the thing that is forbidden, and then قدغن, often with a linking verb. Consider these examples:
- Subject + Is/Was + قدغن
- This is a very common structure. For example, 'ورود قدغن است' (Entry is forbidden). Here, 'ورود' (entry) is the subject.
- Noun + قدغن + است/بود
- This structure emphasizes the forbidden nature of a specific noun. For example, 'سیگار کشیدن در اینجا قدغن است' (Smoking here is forbidden). 'سیگار کشیدن' (smoking) is the subject.
- Using with Verbs of Prohibition
- While قدغن itself is an adjective, it can be used in sentences that imply actions of prohibiting. For example, 'آنها این کار را قدغن اعلام کردند' (They declared this action forbidden).
دویدن در این باغ قدغن است.
You'll encounter the word قدغن (ghadaghan) in a variety of real-life situations, reflecting its importance in conveying restrictions. Its usage spans from official announcements to everyday conversations.
Official Signage and Announcements: This is perhaps the most common place to see or hear قدغن. Government agencies, public institutions, and private organizations often use it on signs or in official statements to inform the public about prohibited activities or areas. You might see signs at historical sites, national parks, or even in public transportation stating something is قدغن.
News and Media: News reports often use قدغن when discussing new laws, regulations, or government decisions that impose bans. For example, a news segment might report on a new policy that makes certain types of pollution قدغن.
Educational Institutions: Schools and universities frequently use قدغن to set rules for students. This could be about using mobile phones in class, bringing certain items to school, or engaging in specific activities. A teacher might tell a student, 'این کار قدغن است' (This action is forbidden).
Family and Social Settings: While less formal, parents might use قدغن with their children to emphasize that something is strictly not allowed. For instance, 'بدون اجازه من بیرون رفتن قدغن است' (Going out without my permission is forbidden). In friend groups, it can be used humorously or seriously to declare something off-limits.
Cultural and Religious Contexts: In some cultural or religious contexts, certain foods, actions, or behaviors might be considered قدغن based on religious doctrines or traditions. Discussions about these might involve the word قدغن.
- Public Places
- Signs in parks, museums, libraries, and transportation hubs often use قدغن to denote prohibited actions or areas. For example, 'عکاسی در این قسمت قدغن است' (Photography in this section is forbidden).
- Legal and Administrative Documents
- Official decrees, permits, and legal notices will use قدغن to clearly state restrictions and prohibitions.
- Parental Instructions
- Parents often use this word with children to establish clear boundaries. 'بازی در خیابان قدغن است.' (Playing in the street is forbidden.)
ورود حیوانات خانگی به رستوران قدغن است.
When learning to use قدغن (ghadaghan), learners might make a few common mistakes that can affect the clarity and correctness of their Persian. Being aware of these pitfalls can help you use the word more effectively.
1. Incorrect Placement: One common error is placing قدغن incorrectly within a sentence. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun or action it describes, and is often used with a linking verb. Placing it before the noun it modifies, like in English, is generally incorrect. For example, saying 'قدغن منطقه' instead of 'منطقه قدغن' (forbidden area) or 'ورود قدغن است' (entry is forbidden) is a mistake.
2. Confusing with Similar Concepts: Learners might confuse قدغن with words that express mild disapproval or suggestion. While قدغن implies a strong prohibition, words like 'ممنوع' (mamnu') can sometimes be used interchangeably, but 'قدغن' often carries a stronger, more definitive sense of being banned. It's important to understand the nuance; 'قدغن' suggests a more absolute restriction.
3. Overuse or Underuse: Some learners might overuse قدغن in situations where a milder word would suffice, or conversely, underuse it when a strong prohibition is intended. It's crucial to gauge the level of restriction needed. If something is merely discouraged, using قدغن might sound overly harsh. If something is truly banned, failing to use قدغن might weaken the message.
4. Grammatical Agreement (Less Common for Adjectives like this): While قدغن itself doesn't change form for gender or number, learners might sometimes try to conjugate it or assume it needs to agree with a noun in a way that Persian adjectives generally don't. For example, trying to make it plural when it's not necessary.
5. Pronunciation Errors: Mispronouncing the word, particularly the 'ق' (gh) sound, can make it difficult for native speakers to understand. The 'ق' is a guttural sound produced at the back of the throat, distinct from the English 'g' sound.
- Mistake: Incorrect Word Order
- Saying 'قدغن ورود' instead of 'ورود قدغن است'. In Persian, adjectives often follow the noun, and 'قدغن' is typically used predicatively with a verb like 'است'.
- Mistake: Using for Mild Disapproval
- Using 'قدغن' when something is just 'not recommended'. For example, saying 'خوردن شیرینی زیاد قدغن است' when 'خوردن شیرینی زیاد توصیه نمیشود' (Eating too much candy is not recommended) might be more appropriate for a less severe restriction.
- Mistake: Pronunciation of 'ق'
- Pronouncing 'قدغن' with a hard 'g' sound like in 'go'. The Persian 'ق' is a voiced uvular stop, similar to the 'q' in Arabic.
اشتباه: قدغن کار کردن در شب.
Understanding words similar to قدغن (ghadaghan), and knowing when to use alternatives, is key to mastering Persian vocabulary. While قدغن signifies a strong prohibition, other words offer slightly different shades of meaning or formality.
ممنوع (mamnu'): This is the most common synonym for قدغن and is widely understood. It also means 'forbidden' or 'prohibited'. Often, ممنوع is used in more general contexts, such as 'سیگار کشیدن ممنوع' (Smoking is forbidden). While interchangeable in many cases, قدغن can sometimes imply a more absolute or forceful ban, perhaps originating from a higher authority or a stricter rule. However, for learners, ممنوع is a very safe and frequent alternative.
حرام (haram): This word comes from Arabic and is primarily used in religious contexts to mean 'forbidden' by religious law. For example, certain foods or actions are considered حرام in Islam. While it means forbidden, its scope is religious, unlike قدغن which can be secular.
غیرمجاز (gheyr-e-mojaz): This translates to 'unauthorized' or 'not permitted'. It's often used in more formal or technical contexts, implying that something lacks the necessary permission or license. For instance, 'ورود غیرمجاز' (unauthorized entry). It's less about being inherently forbidden and more about lacking official sanction.
ناپسند (napasan'd): This means 'disliked', 'unpleasant', or 'undesirable'. It's a much milder term than قدغن and indicates something that is not favored or considered inappropriate, but not strictly forbidden. For example, 'رفتار ناپسند' (undesirable behavior).
تحریم (tahrim): This word means 'sanction' or 'embargo'. It's used in political and economic contexts, referring to official measures taken to restrict trade or relations with a country or entity. It's a specific type of ban imposed by governments.
- قدغن vs. ممنوع
- قدغن: Often implies a strong, definitive ban, possibly with stricter enforcement. Can feel more absolute. Example: 'ساخت و ساز در این منطقه قدغن است.' (Construction in this area is absolutely forbidden.)
ممنوع: Very common and widely applicable. 'Forbidden', 'prohibited'. Example: 'ورود بدون ماسک ممنوع.' (Entry without a mask is prohibited.) - قدغن vs. حرام
- قدغن: General prohibition, secular or religious. Example: 'استفاده از دخانیات قدغن است.' (Use of tobacco is forbidden.)
حرام: Specifically means forbidden by religious law (e.g., Islam). Example: 'خوردن گوشت خوک حرام است.' (Eating pork is forbidden [religiously].) - قدغن vs. غیرمجاز
- قدغن: A direct prohibition. Example: 'رقصیدن در ملاء عام قدغن است.' (Dancing in public is forbidden.)
غیرمجاز: Lacking permission or authorization. Example: 'دسترسی غیرمجاز به سیستم.' (Unauthorized access to the system.)
قانون، این عمل را قدغن اعلام کرده است.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
While its exact etymological path is debated, the Turkic influence on Persian vocabulary is significant, especially in administrative and military terms. 'قدغن' is a good example of such an influence, providing a strong term for prohibition that is widely used.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'ق' as a hard 'g' sound (like in 'go').
- Pronouncing 'gh' like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'.
- Incorrect vowel sounds, making it sound like 'gad-an' instead of 'ghad-ahn'.
难度评级
At A2, learners can understand simple signs and short sentences containing <strong>قدغن</strong>. Comprehending more complex sentences with subordinate clauses or in formal contexts would be challenging.
Learners at A2 can use <strong>قدغن</strong> in simple sentences to express prohibitions. Constructing more nuanced or formal sentences might be difficult.
Speaking the word <strong>قدغن</strong> with correct pronunciation can be challenging due to the 'ق' sound. Using it appropriately in simple conversational contexts is achievable.
Recognizing <strong>قدغن</strong> in spoken Persian, especially with correct pronunciation, is feasible for A2 learners in clear contexts like announcements. Understanding it in rapid or informal speech might be harder.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Using 'است' and 'بود' as linking verbs with adjectives.
اینجا قدغن است. (Here is forbidden.) / آن زمان، آن کار قدغن بود. (At that time, that action was forbidden.)
The use of infinitive phrases as subjects.
ورود قدغن است. (Entry is forbidden.) / سیگار کشیدن قدغن است. (Smoking is forbidden.)
Forming passive voice with 'شدن' (to become) or explicit passive constructions when an action is forbidden.
این منطقه قدغن اعلام شد. (This area was declared forbidden.)
Using 'به دلیل' (because of/due to) to explain prohibitions.
این منطقه به دلیل ناامنی قدغن است. (This area is forbidden due to insecurity.)
Adjective placement: typically after the noun or used predicatively.
منطقه قدغن (forbidden area - less common) vs. ورود به این منطقه قدغن است (Entry to this area is forbidden - common).
按水平分级的例句
آب قدغن.
Water forbidden.
Very basic, likely in a context like 'Don't drink this water'.
دویدن قدغن.
Running forbidden.
Simple command-like structure.
این قدغن.
This forbidden.
Very basic, referring to a specific object.
بازی قدغن.
Playing forbidden.
Simple statement of prohibition.
نزدیک قدغن.
Near forbidden.
Implies 'getting close' is forbidden.
آتش قدغن.
Fire forbidden.
A direct prohibition related to safety.
داد زدن قدغن.
Shouting forbidden.
Prohibition of a specific action.
خوردن قدغن.
Eating forbidden.
Simple prohibition related to consumption.
ورود به این اتاق قدغن است.
Entry to this room is forbidden.
Uses 'است' (is) to complete the sentence.
استفاده از موبایل در کلاس قدغن بود.
Using mobile phones in class was forbidden.
Uses past tense 'بود' (was).
این منطقه برای عموم قدغن است.
This area is forbidden for the public.
Specifies who it's forbidden for.
سیگار کشیدن در اینجا قدغن است.
Smoking here is forbidden.
Common prohibition in public spaces.
آنها گفتند که این کار قدغن است.
They said that this action is forbidden.
Reporting a prohibition.
آوردن غذا به کتابخانه قدغن است.
Bringing food into the library is forbidden.
Specific prohibition in a public institution.
دویدن در این باغ قدغن است.
Running in this garden is forbidden.
Prohibition in a specific location.
این وسیله برای کودکان قدغن است.
This device is forbidden for children.
Prohibition based on age group.
قانون جدید، استفاده از کیسههای پلاستیکی را قدغن کرده است.
The new law has forbidden the use of plastic bags.
Uses 'کرده است' (has done) to indicate the action of prohibiting.
بدون اجازه والدین، بیرون رفتن از خانه قدغن است.
Going out of the house without parental permission is forbidden.
Expresses a conditional prohibition.
در برخی فرهنگها، خوردن برخی گوشتها قدغن است.
In some cultures, eating certain meats is forbidden.
Contextualizes prohibition within cultural norms.
این مکان به دلایل امنیتی قدغن اعلام شده است.
This place has been declared forbidden for security reasons.
Formal declaration of prohibition.
مدیر شرکت، هرگونه شایعهپراکنی را قدغن دانست.
The company manager considered any rumor-mongering forbidden.
Expresses a manager's stance on workplace behavior.
استفاده از مواد مخدر در هر شرایطی قدغن است.
The use of drugs under any circumstances is forbidden.
Emphasizes absolute prohibition.
این نوع فعالیتهای تجاری در این منطقه قدغن بود.
These types of commercial activities were forbidden in this area.
Refers to past prohibitions on specific activities.
هرگونه تبعیض نژادی در این کشور قدغن است.
Any racial discrimination in this country is forbidden.
Prohibition related to social justice.
دولت به منظور حفظ محیط زیست، شکار این گونه جانوری را قدغن اعلام کرده است.
The government, in order to preserve the environment, has declared the hunting of this animal species forbidden.
Uses a subordinate clause ('به منظور حفظ محیط زیست') to explain the reason for the prohibition.
در دوران قاجار، واردات برخی کالاهای غربی قدغن بود تا از صنایع داخلی حمایت شود.
During the Qajar era, the import of some Western goods was forbidden to support domestic industries.
Historical context for economic prohibition.
این بنای تاریخی به دلیل آسیبپذیری، ورود افراد غیرمسئول به آن قدغن است.
Due to the vulnerability of this historical monument, entry for unauthorized individuals is forbidden.
Explains the reason for prohibition based on preservation.
بحث در مورد مسائل سیاسی حساس در محیط کار، به طور ضمنی قدغن بود.
Discussion about sensitive political issues in the workplace was implicitly forbidden.
Implied or unofficial prohibition.
برخی مفسران معتقدند که این عمل در دین اسلام قدغن است، اما برخی دیگر نظر متفاوتی دارند.
Some interpreters believe that this action is forbidden in Islam, but others have a different opinion.
Discusses differing interpretations of religious prohibitions.
با توجه به مقررات جدید، هرگونه استفاده غیرقانونی از دادهها قدغن خواهد بود.
According to new regulations, any illegal use of data will be forbidden.
Future-oriented prohibition based on regulations.
او با قاطعیت اعلام کرد که هرگونه همکاری با این شرکت قدغن است.
He emphatically declared that any cooperation with this company is forbidden.
Emphasis on the decisive nature of the prohibition.
تولید و توزیع محتوای غیرقانونی در فضای مجازی اکیداً قدغن است.
The production and distribution of illegal content on cyberspace is strictly forbidden.
Prohibition in the digital realm.
این بخشنامه، هرگونه اقدام خودسرانه در راستای تغییر کاربری اراضی را قدغن میشمارد.
This directive considers any arbitrary action towards changing land use forbidden.
Formal language ('بخشنامه', 'خودسرانه', 'کاربری اراضی') and verb usage ('میشمارد').
در دوران پس از انقلاب، برخی از مظاهر فرهنگی غرب به طور موقت قدغن اعلام شد.
In the post-revolution era, some manifestations of Western culture were temporarily declared forbidden.
Historical and socio-political context.
تفسیرهای رادیکال از متون دینی، گاه منجر به صدور فتاوایی مبنی بر قدغن بودن برخی اعمال عرفی میشود.
Radical interpretations of religious texts sometimes lead to the issuance of fatwas stating that certain customary practices are forbidden.
Discusses the role of interpretation in religious prohibitions.
این ممنوعیت، صرفاً یک محدودیت اداری نیست، بلکه یک اصل بنیادین است که نقض آن قدغن تلقی میشود.
This prohibition is not merely an administrative restriction, but a fundamental principle whose violation is considered forbidden.
Distinguishes between administrative restriction and fundamental principle.
سیاستهای انحصارگرایانه در این بازار، به منظور تضمین رقابت عادلانه، قدغن است.
Monopolistic policies in this market are forbidden to ensure fair competition.
Economic context with specific terminology.
هرگونه دخالت در روند قضایی، حتی از سوی مقامات مافوق، قدغن است و جرم محسوب میشود.
Any interference in the judicial process, even by superior authorities, is forbidden and considered a crime.
Emphasizes the severity and illegality of interference.
این اثر هنری به دلیل ماهیت بحثبرانگیز خود، در برخی محافل به نمایش گذاشتنش قدغن اعلام شده بود.
This work of art, due to its controversial nature, was declared forbidden to be exhibited in some circles.
Prohibition based on controversy and societal reception.
با گسترش رسانههای اجتماعی، نحوه اعمال محدودیتها و آنچه قدغن محسوب میشود، دستخوش تحولات زیادی شده است.
With the spread of social media, the way restrictions are applied and what is considered forbidden has undergone many transformations.
Discusses the evolving nature of prohibitions in the digital age.
فرمان تاریخی مبنی بر قدغن بودن قمار در سراسر امپراتوری، نقطه عطفی در سیاستهای اجتماعی آن دوران بود.
The historical decree stating gambling was forbidden throughout the empire was a turning point in the social policies of that era.
Historical decree, formal language, and significant impact.
تفسیرهای حقوقی از اصل عدم رجوع به گذشته، هرگونه قانونگذاری عطف به ماسبق را قدغن میدانند.
Legal interpretations of the principle of non-retroactivity consider any retroactive legislation forbidden.
Highly specialized legal terminology and concepts.
در فلسفه اخلاق، برخی مکاتب، انجام اعمالی که منجر به رنج دیگران میشود را ذاتاً قدغن میانگارند.
In ethical philosophy, some schools of thought deem actions that lead to the suffering of others inherently forbidden.
Philosophical concepts and abstract reasoning.
این ممنوعیت، نه تنها جنبه سلبی و قدغن کننده دارد، بلکه جنبه ایجابی آن، تشویق به خودسانسوری در میان هنرمندان است.
This prohibition not only has a negative and forbidding aspect but its positive aspect is the encouragement of self-censorship among artists.
Analysis of the dual nature (negative/positive) of prohibition and its effects.
آن دسته از نوآوریهای فناورانه که پتانسیل ایجاد اختلالات اجتماعی گسترده را دارند، غالباً از سوی نهادهای ناظر قدغن اعلام میشوند.
Those technological innovations that have the potential to cause widespread social disruptions are often declared forbidden by regulatory bodies.
Discusses advanced technological implications and regulatory responses.
در دوران استبداد، هرگونه بیان نظری مخالف با مشی حاکمیت، به سرعت قدغن و با سرکوب مواجه میشد.
During periods of tyranny, any expression of opinion contrary to the government's policy was quickly forbidden and met with suppression.
Historical context of political repression and censorship.
این فرمان، که برای جلوگیری از گسترش بیماریهای واگیردار صادر شد، دامنه وسیعی از فعالیتهای عمومی را قدغن میکرد.
This decree, issued to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, forbade a wide range of public activities.
Formal decree with a broad scope of prohibition for public health reasons.
برخی مکاتب فکری، حتی اندیشیدن به موضوعاتی خاص را به دلیل پیامدهای بالقوه مخربشان، قدغن میدانند.
Some schools of thought consider even thinking about specific topics forbidden due to their potentially destructive consequences.
Extremely abstract philosophical concept of forbidding thought itself.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Entry is forbidden. This is a very common phrase used on signs and in official notices.
تابلو 'ورود قدغن' در مقابل یک ساختمان متروکه دیده میشد.
— Smoking is forbidden. This is frequently used in public places like restaurants, airports, and offices.
در این رستوران، سیگار کشیدن قدغن است.
— It is forbidden here. A general statement indicating that something is not allowed in a particular place.
مادرم گفت: 'اینجا قدغن است، به آن دست نزن'.
— To declare something forbidden or banned. Used when an authority officially prohibits something.
دولت، واردات این کالا را قدغن اعلام کرد.
— The use of ... is forbidden. A structure to prohibit the use of a specific item or resource.
استفاده از تلفن همراه در طول امتحان قدغن است.
— Forbidden for ... reasons. Used to explain the cause of the prohibition.
ورود به این منطقه به دلایل امنیتی قدغن است.
— The state of being forbidden. Used to describe that something is not allowed.
قانون جدید، استفاده از کیسههای پلاستیکی را قدغن کرده است.
— Construction is forbidden. Used in areas where building is not permitted.
در این پارک، ساخت و ساز قدغن است.
— Dancing is forbidden. Can be used in various contexts, sometimes with cultural or religious implications.
در برخی مجالس رسمی، رقصیدن قدغن است.
容易混淆的词
Often interchangeable, but قدغن can sometimes imply a more absolute or forceful ban.
Specifically refers to religious prohibitions, whereas قدغن is broader.
Much milder, meaning 'undesirable' or 'disliked', not strictly forbidden.
习语与表达
— To draw a red line; to set a strict limit or boundary that must not be crossed. While not using 'قدغن' directly, it conveys a similar sense of an absolute prohibition.
دولت در مورد امنیت ملی خط قرمز کشیده است و اجازه هیچگونه تعدی را نمیدهد.
Formal/Figurative— One person's word is final; their decision is absolute and cannot be challenged (often implying a prohibition).
در این خانه، حرف حرفِ پدر است و وقتی میگوید 'نه'، یعنی 'نه'. (Implies father's word is a prohibition).
Informal/Figurative— To cross the red line; to violate a strict prohibition or boundary.
هر کسی از خط قرمز عبور کند، با برخورد شدید مواجه خواهد شد.
Formal/Figurative— Strict order; an imperative command that must be followed, often implying prohibition of alternatives.
فرمانده دستور اکید داد که هیچکس حق خروج از پادگان را ندارد.
Formal— To prevent, hinder, or obstruct. While not directly 'forbidden', it implies making something impossible.
بارش شدید برف، تردد در جادهها را مانع شد.
Neutral— Strict prohibition. This uses the noun 'prohibition' with an intensifier.
ممنوعیت اکید استفاده از مواد منفجره در مناطق مسکونی.
Formal— Final ruling or verdict. Often implies something is definitively decided and cannot be changed, which can relate to a prohibition.
دادگاه حکم قطعی را صادر کرد و او ممنوعالخروج شد.
Formal— By no means; under no circumstances. Used to strongly emphasize that something is not allowed.
این کار به هیچ وجه قابل قبول نیست.
Neutral/Formal— Permission is not granted. A polite but firm way of stating something is forbidden.
در این مکان، روشن کردن آتش به هیچ وجه اجازه داده نمیشود.
Formal— Religious prohibition. Similar to 'حرام', but focusing on the legalistic aspect of religious law.
برخی اعمال در اسلام ممنوعیت شرعی دارند.
Religious/Formal容易混淆
Both words mean 'forbidden' or 'prohibited' and are frequently used in similar contexts.
While often interchangeable, <strong>قدغن</strong> can sometimes carry a stronger sense of an absolute ban, perhaps originating from a more authoritative source or implying stricter enforcement. 'ممنوع' is generally more common and widely applicable in everyday situations. For example, 'سیگار کشیدن ممنوع' is heard more often than 'سیگار کشیدن قدغن'. However, 'ورود قدغن' is very common on signs.
در پارکها، 'ورود حیوانات خانگی <strong>ممنوع</strong>' یا 'ورود حیوانات خانگی <strong>قدغن</strong>' هر دو قابل درک هستند، اما 'قدغن' ممکن است کمی رسمیتر یا قاطعتر به نظر برسد.
Both words mean 'forbidden', but 'حرام' is specifically tied to religious law.
<strong>قدغن</strong> is a general term for forbidden or banned, applicable to secular laws, rules, or social norms. 'حرام' is exclusively used for actions or things that are forbidden by Islamic religious law. For instance, while eating pork is <strong>حرام</strong>, playing loud music after midnight might be <strong>قدغن</strong> by local ordinance but not necessarily <strong>حرام</strong>.
خوردن گوشت خوک <strong>حرام</strong> است، اما بازی کردن در خیابان ممکن است به دلیل خطرناک بودن <strong>قدغن</strong> باشد.
It is the direct antonym of 'قدغن' and 'ممنوع', meaning 'allowed' or 'permitted'.
<strong>قدغن</strong> means something is not allowed, while 'مجاز' means it is allowed or permitted. They represent opposite ends of the spectrum of permissibility. Understanding this contrast is crucial for using both words correctly. For example, 'ورود <strong>قدغن</strong> است' (Entry is forbidden) versus 'ورود <strong>مجاز</strong> است' (Entry is permitted).
ورود بدون بلیط <strong>قدغن</strong> است، اما با بلیط <strong>مجاز</strong> است.
Both terms indicate something is not allowed, but 'غیرمجاز' focuses on the lack of authorization.
<strong>قدغن</strong> implies a direct prohibition, often with a sense of being banned. 'غیرمجاز' means 'unauthorized' or 'not permitted', focusing on the absence of official permission or license. For example, 'ساخت و ساز بدون مجوز <strong>غیرمجاز</strong> است' (Construction without a permit is unauthorized), while 'ساخت و ساز در منطقه حفاظت شده <strong>قدغن</strong> است' (Construction in a protected area is forbidden).
دسترسی غیرمجاز به سیستم کامپیوتری جرم است، اما ورود به برخی مناطق امنیتی به طور کلی <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
Both can refer to actions that should not be done, but 'ناپسند' is much weaker.
<strong>قدغن</strong> signifies a strict prohibition, a clear 'no'. 'ناپسند' means undesirable, disliked, or inappropriate. It suggests something is not favored or might have negative social consequences, but it's not necessarily banned. For example, telling a lie might be considered 'ناپسند' (undesirable), but spitting in public might be 'قدغن' (forbidden) by law.
دروغ گفتن کار <strong>ناپسندی</strong> است، اما ورود به آن منطقه بدون اجازه <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
句型
Noun + قدغن.
آب <strong>قدغن</strong>.
Noun/Action + قدغن + است.
ورود <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
Location + قدغن + است.
اینجا <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
Subject + قدغن + اعلام کردن.
دولت، شکار را <strong>قدغن</strong> اعلام کرد.
Reason + به دلیل + قدغن + است.
این منطقه به دلیل امنیتی <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
Clause explaining reason + قدغن + کرده است.
برای حفظ محیط زیست، شکار را <strong>قدغن</strong> کرده است.
Subject + قدغن + دانستن.
مدیر، این رفتار را <strong>قدغن</strong> دانست.
Formal declaration + قدغن + میشمارد.
بخشنامه، هرگونه اقدام خودسرانه را <strong>قدغن</strong> میشمارد.
词族
名词
形容词
相关
如何使用
High, especially in public signage and official notices.
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Placing <strong>قدغن</strong> before the noun it modifies.
→
ورود به این منطقه <strong>قدغن</strong> است.
In Persian, adjectives like <strong>قدغن</strong> usually follow the noun or are used predicatively with a linking verb. Saying 'قدغن ورود به این منطقه' is incorrect.
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Using <strong>قدغن</strong> for mild suggestions.
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خوردن شیرینی زیاد توصیه نمیشود.
<strong>قدغن</strong> means strictly forbidden or banned. For things that are merely not recommended or undesirable, use words like 'توصیه نمیشود' (not recommended) or 'ناپسند' (undesirable).
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Pronouncing 'ق' as a hard 'g'.
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Pronounce 'قدغن' with a guttural 'gh' sound.
The Persian 'ق' is a voiced uvular stop, made at the back of the throat, not the front like an English 'g'. This is a common pronunciation hurdle for learners.
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Confusing <strong>قدغن</strong> with <strong>حرام</strong>.
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Use <strong>حرام</strong> for religious prohibitions only.
While both mean forbidden, <strong>حرام</strong> is specific to Islamic religious law. <strong>قدغن</strong> is general and can refer to secular laws or rules.
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Attempting to conjugate <strong>قدغن</strong> like a verb.
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<strong>قدغن</strong> is an adjective and does not conjugate.
Adjectives in Persian generally do not change form for tense or person. They modify nouns or act as predicates with linking verbs like 'است' or 'بود'.
小贴士
Master the 'Gh' Sound
The initial 'ق' (gh) in قدغن is crucial. It's a voiced uvular stop, produced deep in the throat. Practice saying 'gh-ah' repeatedly. Avoid pronouncing it like an English 'g' or 'k'. Listening to native speakers is the best way to perfect this sound.
Synonym Awareness
While قدغن is useful, know its common synonym 'ممنوع'. For religious prohibitions, use 'حرام'. Understanding these variations allows for more nuanced expression.
Sentence Structure
Remember that قدغن is an adjective. It usually follows the noun or action it describes and is often used with linking verbs like 'است' (is) or 'بود' (was). For example, 'ورود قدغن است'.
Visual Associations
Imagine a big red 'X' over something. This visual instantly communicates 'forbidden'. Connect this image strongly with the word قدغن to aid recall.
Practice with Signs
When you see signs in Persian (online or in real life), look for the word قدغن or its synonyms. Try to understand what is forbidden and why. This is practical, real-world learning.
Use it in Simple Sentences
Start by using قدغن in simple, common phrases like 'سیگار کشیدن قدغن است' or 'اینجا قدغن است'. Gradually incorporate it into more complex sentences as you gain confidence.
Respect for Rules
In Persian culture, adherence to rules is often valued. قدغن is a direct reflection of this, used to clearly communicate boundaries and expectations in various aspects of life.
Avoid Incorrect Placement
Don't place قدغن before the noun it modifies as you might in English. It typically follows the noun or action, often with a linking verb.
Test Yourself
Regularly try to recall the meaning and usage of قدغن without looking. Quiz yourself on its synonyms and antonyms to reinforce your understanding.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a very strict guard, with a stern face, holding up a big 'X' sign. He shouts 'GHAD! GHAD! NO ENTRY!' The 'GHAD' sounds like the start of 'قدغن', and the 'NO ENTRY' clearly means forbidden.
视觉联想
Picture a large, red 'X' symbol superimposed over an object or area. This visual immediately communicates 'forbidden' or 'banned'. You can associate this with the strong, definitive meaning of قدغن.
Word Web
挑战
Try to identify five things in your daily life that are 'قدغن' and write a simple Persian sentence for each, using the word قدغن.
词源
The word 'قدغن' (ghadaghan) is believed to have Turkic origins, possibly related to words meaning 'to forbid' or 'to ban' in Turkic languages. It entered Persian and became established as a term for prohibition, particularly in official and administrative contexts.
原始含义： Likely related to the concept of prohibition or interdiction in Turkic languages.
Turkic (influencing Persian)文化背景
The word قدغن itself is not sensitive, but the context in which it is used can be. For example, prohibitions related to religious practices, cultural traditions, or sensitive political issues require careful handling and understanding.
In English, words like 'forbidden', 'banned', 'prohibited', 'off-limits', and 'restricted' convey similar meanings. The intensity can vary, similar to how قدغن might be used more forcefully than 'not recommended'.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Public places like parks, libraries, museums, and transportation hubs.
- ورود قدغن
- سیگار کشیدن قدغن
- آوردن غذا قدغن
Schools and educational institutions.
- استفاده از موبایل قدغن
- دویدن قدغن
- بردن کتاب قدغن
Official announcements and signs.
- قدغن اعلام شده
- این منطقه قدغن است
- ورود بدون مجوز قدغن
Family rules and instructions.
- اینجا قدغن است
- دست زدن قدغن
- بیرون رفتن قدغن
Discussions about laws and regulations.
- قانون، این را قدغن کرده
- ساخت و ساز قدغن
- شکار قدغن
对话开场白
"What are some common things that are 'قدغن' in your country?"
"Can you think of a time you saw a 'قدغن' sign? What was it for?"
"How is 'قدغن' different from just 'not recommended'?"
"If you were to make something 'قدغن', what would it be and why?"
"Are there any foods that are 'قدغن' for you or your family?"
日记主题
Describe a situation where you encountered something that was 'قدغن'. What were the circumstances, and how did you react?
Imagine you are creating a list of rules for a new community. What five things would you declare 'قدغن' and for what reasons?
Reflect on a time when you were told something was 'قدغن'. Did you understand the reason? Did you agree with the prohibition?
Compare and contrast the words 'قدغن' and 'ممنوع'. When might you choose one over the other?
Write a short story where a character faces a temptation related to something that is 'قدغن'.
常见问题
10 个问题The most common ways are قدغن and ممنوع. They are often interchangeable, but قدغن can sometimes imply a stronger or more official ban. For example, 'ورود قدغن است' (Entry is forbidden) is very common on signs.
Not necessarily. While it can denote serious bans (like illegal activities), it can also be used in less severe contexts, like a parent telling a child 'این کار قدغن است' (This action is forbidden) regarding a toy. The intensity is often conveyed by the context and tone.
Yes, it can. For example, if a certain food is banned for health reasons or is religiously forbidden (حرام), you might hear 'خوردن این غذا قدغن است' (Eating this food is forbidden).
قدغن is a general term for 'forbidden' or 'banned' in any context (legal, social, etc.). حرام specifically means 'forbidden by Islamic religious law'. So, while something that is حرام is also قدغن in a religious sense, not everything that is قدغن is necessarily حرام.
The pronunciation is roughly 'ghad-AHN'. The initial 'gh' sound is guttural, made at the back of the throat (similar to the Arabic 'ق'). The stress is on the second syllable, 'AHN'.
قدغن itself is a factual term indicating prohibition. However, using it in a context where a milder term like 'توصیه نمیشود' (not recommended) would suffice might sound overly strict or even rude, depending on the relationship and situation.
Yes. You can use 'بود' (was) to indicate that something was forbidden in the past. For example, 'آن زمان، این کار قدغن بود.' (At that time, this action was forbidden.)
Very common phrases include 'ورود قدغن' (entry forbidden), 'سیگار کشیدن قدغن' (smoking forbidden), and 'اینجا قدغن است' (it is forbidden here).
Yes, قدغن can be used in literature, especially when describing rules, societal restrictions, or forbidden actions within a narrative. More literary or formal synonyms might also be employed.
The direct opposite of قدغن is 'مجاز' (mojaz), which means 'allowed' or 'permitted'.
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Summary
The Persian word <strong>قدغن (ghadaghan)</strong> is a strong adjective meaning 'forbidden' or 'banned'. It signifies something that is not permitted, often due to rules, laws, or authority, and is commonly found on signs, in official announcements, and in contexts where clear restrictions are necessary. For instance, 'ورود <strong>قدغن</strong> است' means 'Entry is forbidden'.
- قدغن means forbidden or banned.
- It's used for things not allowed by rules or authority.
- Commonly seen on signs and in official announcements.
- Alternatives include ممنوع.
Master the 'Gh' Sound
The initial 'ق' (gh) in قدغن is crucial. It's a voiced uvular stop, produced deep in the throat. Practice saying 'gh-ah' repeatedly. Avoid pronouncing it like an English 'g' or 'k'. Listening to native speakers is the best way to perfect this sound.
Context is Key
While قدغن means forbidden, its strength can vary. In formal settings like signs, it's a strict ban. In informal settings, it might be a strong parental rule. Always consider the context to understand the exact level of prohibition.
Synonym Awareness
While قدغن is useful, know its common synonym 'ممنوع'. For religious prohibitions, use 'حرام'. Understanding these variations allows for more nuanced expression.
Sentence Structure
Remember that قدغن is an adjective. It usually follows the noun or action it describes and is often used with linking verbs like 'است' (is) or 'بود' (was). For example, 'ورود قدغن است'.
例句
ورود به این منطقه قدغن است.
相关内容
更多general词汇
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1“عادی”这个词的意思是“正常”或“普通”。例如：“平凡的一天”(یک روز عادی)。
عافیت
B2康泰、平安、健康。常用于打喷嚏后的祝愿，类似于“保重”。
عاجل
B2紧急的；需要立即关注或行动的。例如：“紧急新闻”或“早日康复”。
عاقبت
C1结果，结局，或者是“终于”。 '他终于（عاقبت）成功了。'
عاقل
A1明智的，理智的。指有判断力、不感情用事的人。
عالمگیر
C1全世界的，普遍的。影响全球的事物。
عالی
A1“Aali”在波斯语中意为“极好的”或“优秀的”。
عام
B1“Am”这个词的意思是“普遍的”或“公共的”。
اعم از
B2包括；无论是...还是...（用于引入选项）。
