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A1 noun #3,890 最常用 9分钟阅读

中期

chūki 前3,890

开始练习例句笔记与提示中期 30秒了解

解析中期 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of '中期' (chūki) as a simple way to divide a long story or a school year into three parts: the beginning, the middle, and the end. While you might not use this word every day in casual talk, you will see it in your Japanese textbooks when they talk about history or seasons. For example, if you are learning about the four seasons, 'fuyu no chūki' means the middle of winter. It's a formal way to say 'the middle part'. Remember that it's made of 'chū' (middle) and 'ki' (period). You can use it to describe the middle of a long vacation or a big project at school. Just remember to put 'no' after it if you are describing something, like 'natsu no chūki' (the middle of summer). It's a good word to know because it helps you organize your thoughts when you're talking about time. Even at this level, recognizing the kanji '中' for middle will help you guess the meaning of many other words too!

At the A2 level, you should start using '中期' (chūki) to describe more specific periods, like phases of a project or historical eras you might read about. You will often see it paired with '初期' (shoki - early) and '後期' (kōki - late). This 'trio' of words is very common in Japanese. For example, in a history class, you might learn about 'Edo jidai chūki' (the middle of the Edo period). In your own life, if you have a goal that takes a few months, you can say you are in the 'chūki' stage. It sounds a bit more grown-up and professional than saying 'mannaka' (the middle). You might also hear it in news reports about the economy or weather. A good way to practice is to look at a timeline and label the start as 'shoki', the middle as 'chūki', and the end as 'kōki'. This will help you remember that 'chūki' is about a 'span' of time, not just one single point in the middle.

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For B1 learners, '中期' (chūki) becomes a key vocabulary item for business and academic contexts. You will frequently encounter the term '中期経営計画' (chūki keiei keikaku), which refers to a medium-term business plan. In Japan, these plans are a big deal for companies and usually cover about 3 years. You should also be comfortable using '中期的な' (chūki-teki na) as an adjective. For example, 'chūki-teki na yosoku' (a medium-term forecast). This shows you are thinking about the future in a structured way. You'll also see this word in medical contexts, specifically 'ninshin chūki' (the second trimester of pregnancy). At this level, you should be careful not to confuse 'chūki' with 'chūkan'. Remember: 'chūki' is a period of time, while 'chūkan' is a point or a middle position. If you're writing an essay about a trend, using 'chūki' to describe the peak or middle phase of that trend will make your writing sound much more formal and precise.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the nuance of '中期' (chūki) in specialized fields. In economics, 'chūki' refers to cycles that are longer than short-term fluctuations but shorter than secular trends. You'll hear phrases like 'chūki-teki na keizai saikuru' (medium-term economic cycle). In linguistics or literature, you might discuss 'Heian chūki no bungaku' (literature of the mid-Heian period), which has distinct characteristics from the early or late stages. You should also be able to use 'chūki' in complex sentence structures, such as 'shoki no konran o hete, chūki ni wa antei shita' (after the initial confusion, it stabilized in the middle period). This level of expression requires you to see 'chūki' not just as a label, but as a stage in a dynamic process. You should also recognize it in compound words like 'chūki-yohō' (medium-range weather forecast), which covers a period of about a week to a month.

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For C1 learners, '中期' (chūki) is a tool for nuanced analysis in professional and academic discourse. You should be able to discuss the implications of a '中期目標' (medium-term goal) versus a 'chōki vision' (long-term vision) with ease. In historical analysis, you'll use 'chūki' to delineate specific shifts in power or artistic style, often contrasting it with 'shoki' and 'kōki' to build a comprehensive argument. You might also encounter the term in archeology, such as 'Jōmon chūki', where it refers to a specific era of pottery development. At this level, you should also be aware of more obscure synonyms like 'chūyō' (the middle part of a century/era) and know when to choose 'chūki' for its more modern, clinical feel. Your usage should reflect an understanding that 'chūki' implies a period of maturity or peak activity within a cycle, often representing the most characteristic phase of whatever timeframe is being discussed.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of '中期' (chūki) across all domains, from technical scientific papers to high-level corporate strategy. You understand the subtle rhetorical weight the word carries—how it can suggest a period of stability, 'the heart of the matter,' or a transition point depending on the context. You might use it in legal or policy-making contexts, such as 'chūki-teki na seisaku hyōka' (medium-term policy evaluation), where the precise definition of the timeframe is legally binding. You are also capable of identifying the word in classical or semi-classical texts where it might be used to divide long historical narratives. Your mastery allows you to use 'chūki' and its derivatives (like 'chūki-teki') with perfect prosody and register, ensuring that your choice of words aligns with the sophisticated nature of your subject matter, whether you're debating economic theory or analyzing the evolution of Japanese aesthetics.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

中期 30秒了解

中期 (chūki) means 'middle period' and is used for formal time divisions in history, business, and medicine.
It is the middle part of the 'Shoki-Chūki-Kōki' (Early-Middle-Late) trio used to categorize stages of a process.
Commonly found in business as 'medium-term plans' or in medicine as the 'second trimester' of pregnancy.
It is a formal noun and should not be confused with 'chūkan', which refers to a physical midpoint or abstract middle.

The Japanese word 中期 (ちゅうき - chūki) is a fundamental noun used to designate the middle phase or intermediate stage of a chronological sequence. It is composed of two kanji: 中 (naka/chū), meaning 'middle' or 'center', and 期 (ki), meaning 'period', 'term', or 'time'. When combined, they literally translate to 'middle period'. This term is indispensable in formal Japanese, spanning across disciplines such as history, economics, medicine, and project management. Unlike the English word 'middle', which can refer to a physical center, chūki specifically refers to a span of time within a tripartite division: 初期 (shoki - early period), 中期 (chūki - middle period), and 後期 (kōki - late period).

Historical Context: In Japanese history books, you will frequently see terms like 'Edo Jidai Chūki' (Middle Edo Period). This refers to the era when the culture and social systems reached their peak of stability before the eventual decline or transition in the 'Kōki' (late) stage.

この計画は現在、中期的な段階にあります。(This plan is currently in the mid-term stage.)

In business, chūki is most commonly heard in the phrase 'chūki keiei keikaku' (medium-term management plan), which usually covers a three-to-five-year outlook. This is the 'sweet spot' for planning—longer than the immediate annual budget but shorter than the visionary long-term (chōki) goals. Understanding chūki allows learners to navigate professional discussions about strategy and timelines with precision. It is also used in biological and medical contexts, such as 'ninshin chūki' (the second trimester of pregnancy), highlighting its versatility in describing any process with a clear beginning, middle, and end.

Biological usage: In medicine, specifically embryology or pregnancy, 'chūki' defines the middle developmental arc. For example, 'ninshin chūki' refers to months 5, 6, and 7, a period often characterized by relative stability for the mother.

平安時代中期の文学を研究しています。(I am studying the literature of the mid-Heian period.)

Culturally, Japanese people value the distinction between these stages because it provides a structured way to analyze progress. Whether it is the 'chūki' of a sports season or the 'chūki' of a construction project, the word implies that the initial setup (shoki) is finished, and the final wrap-up (kōki) has not yet begun. It is the phase of execution, maintenance, and steady development.

Economic Cycle: Economists use 'chūki' to describe business cycles that last several years. 'Chūki-teki na hendō' refers to medium-term fluctuations in the market that investors must account for when managing portfolios.

Using 中期 (chūki) correctly requires understanding its role as a temporal noun. Most commonly, it acts as a modifier for other nouns using the particle no (の). For example, to say 'mid-term goal', you combine chūki + no + mokuhyō to get 中期の目標. It can also be used as a suffix in historical terms, such as 昭和中期 (Shōwa chūki - the middle of the Shōwa era). In these cases, the particle no is often omitted for brevity and formal style.

Standard Pattern: [Noun] + の + 中期 (The middle period of [Noun]). Example: 19世紀の中期 (The middle of the 19th century).

会社は中期経営計画を発表しました。(The company announced its medium-term management plan.)

When discussing durations, chūki is the middle sibling of shoki and kōki. If you are describing a three-part process, you might say: 'Shoki wa junbi, chūki wa jikkō, kōki wa hyōka' (The early stage is preparation, the middle stage is execution, the late stage is evaluation). This logical progression is a staple of Japanese technical and academic writing. It provides a clear framework for the reader to understand which part of the timeline is being addressed.

Suffix Usage: [Era Name] + 中期. Example: 鎌倉中期 (Kamakura Chūki). This is the standard way to divide historical periods in Japan.

Another common usage is in the phrase 中期的な (chūki-teki na), which turns the noun into a 'na-adjective' meaning 'medium-term'. This is very common in business and politics when discussing policies or outlooks that aren't immediate but aren't decades away either. For instance, chūki-teki na shiten means 'a medium-term perspective'. This nuance is vital for conveying that you are looking beyond the current month or year.

この薬の効果は中期的に現れます。(The effects of this medicine appear in the medium term.)

In summary, whether you are attaching it to an era, using it as a standalone noun with a particle, or transforming it into an adjective, chūki remains the anchor for the 'middle' of any significant timeframe. It sounds professional and precise, making it a favorite for news anchors and corporate executives alike.

You are most likely to encounter 中期 (chūki) in environments where timelines and stages are strictly defined. If you watch the Japanese news (NHK), you will hear it during economic segments discussing the 'Chūki Yosoku' (Medium-term Forecast) for the stock market or GDP growth. It is a word of the 'public sphere'—used in newspapers, textbooks, and official announcements. While not common in 'street slang', it is perfectly natural in everyday conversation when discussing life stages like pregnancy or school terms.

In the Office: During quarterly meetings, managers might say, 'We have finished the early stage (shoki) and are now entering the middle stage (chūki) of this project.' It signals a shift from planning to the bulk of the work.

明日の歴史のテストは、江戸時代中期が範囲です。(Tomorrow's history test covers the middle Edo period.)

In a medical context, a doctor might tell an expectant mother, 'Now that you are in the ninshin chūki, you can travel more safely.' This use of the word is very common and provides a sense of relief, as the middle period is often considered the most stable. Similarly, in academic settings, a professor might talk about the chūki-shiken (mid-term exams), though the word chūkan-shiken is slightly more common for that specific purpose.

In Archeology: When visiting a museum in Japan, you will see labels like 'Jōmon Jidai Chūki' (Middle Jōmon Period) on pottery. It helps visitors understand the stylistic evolution of ancient artifacts.

Lastly, in the context of weather or seasons, meteorologists might refer to fuyu no chūki (the middle of winter) to describe the peak of the cold season. However, in casual speech, people might simply say 'fuyu no mannaka'. The choice of chūki always adds a layer of formal or technical precision to the statement, making it sound more authoritative.

この建築様式は、ルネサンス中期に流行しました。(This architectural style was popular during the High Renaissance.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 中期 (chūki) is confusing it with 中間 (chūkan). While both involve the concept of 'middle', they are not interchangeable. Chūkan usually refers to a physical midpoint or an abstract 'middle ground' between two things. For example, the space between two buildings is chūkan. In contrast, chūki is strictly about a period of time. You cannot use chūki to describe the physical middle of a room.

Chūki vs. Chūkan: Chūki = A time span (Middle Period). Chūkan = A point or position (Middle Point). Incorrect: 'Heya no chūki' (The middle period of the room). Correct: 'Heya no chūkan' (The middle of the room).

❌ 授業の中期に休憩があります。(Incorrect: There is a break in the middle period of the class.)

Another common error is using chūki for very short durations. You wouldn't typically use it for the middle of a single hour or even a single day. For those, terms like nakaba (halfway) or mannaka are better. Chūki implies a larger scale—months, years, or decades. Using it for a 30-minute meeting would sound overly dramatic and unnatural to native speakers.

Misusing Particles: Learners often forget the 'no' particle. 'Chūki keikaku' is a compound noun, but 'Kono kikan no chūki' requires 'no' to link the time period to the 'middle'.

Finally, be careful with the antonyms. While chūki is the middle, zenki (first half) and kōki (second half) are often used in academic semesters. If you are talking about the 'mid-term' of a semester, chūkan is the standard term (as in 'chūkan shiken'), while chūki would sound like you are referring to a historical division of that semester, which is rare.

❌ 彼は1日の中期に寝ました。(Incorrect: He slept in the middle period of the day.)

There are several words that share the semantic space of 'middle' in Japanese. Understanding the nuances between 中期 (chūki) and its synonyms will greatly improve your fluency. The most common alternative is chūkan (中間), which we've noted refers to a point or position. Another is nakaba (半ば), which means 'halfway through' and is often used for months or seasons (e.g., sangatsu nakaba - mid-March). Nakaba feels more poetic and less clinical than chūki.

Comparison Table

中期 (Chūki): Formal, used for long periods (history, business cycles).
中間 (Chūkan): Used for mid-points, space between, or mid-term exams.
半ば (Nakaba): 'Halfway', used for months, seasons, or life stages.
真ん中 (Mannaka): Casual, physical center or literal middle of a day/event.

3月の半ばに桜が咲きます。(Cherry blossoms bloom in mid-March.)

For business contexts, you might also hear chūsei (中成), though it is much rarer than chūki. In historical contexts, chūki is standard, but you might also see chūyō (中葉), which specifically refers to the middle of a century or era in very formal literature. Choosing between these depends entirely on the 'scale' of time you are measuring and the level of formality you wish to convey.

Specific Use Cases: If you are describing the middle of the 'Heian' period, only 'chūki' is correct. If you are describing the middle of a 100-meter dash, you would use 'chūkan-ten' (mid-point).

In summary, chūki is your 'academic and professional' middle. It lacks the physical connotation of mannaka and the poetic softness of nakaba. When in doubt in a formal setting about a timeframe, chūki is almost always the safest and most accurate choice.

道の真ん中に立たないでください。(Please don't stand in the middle of the road.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The kanji '期' also appears in 'kimitsu' (secret), implying a 'set time' for disclosure.

发音指南

UK tʃuːki

US tʃuki

The stress is even across both syllables in Japanese (flat pitch), but often learners stress the 'chū'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

The kanji are common (JLPT N3 level), but the concept is simple.

写作 3/5

The kanji '期' has many strokes and requires practice.

口语 1/5

Easy to pronounce with no difficult sounds.

听力 2/5

Can be confused with 'chūkan' if not listening carefully.

接下来学什么

前置知识

中時前後始め

接下来学习

初期後期末期長期短期

高级

中葉中盤中道中成中枢

需要掌握的语法

Noun + の + 中期

10月の中期にイベントがあります。

Era Name + 中期

明治中期は変化の時代でした。

中期 + 的な + Noun

中期的な計画が必要です。

初期・中期・後期の並列

初期は安く、中期は高く、後期は安定する。

中期 + には

中期には結果が出るでしょう。

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按水平分级的例句

今は冬の中期です。

It is now the middle of winter.

Uses 'no' to link 'fuyu' (winter) and 'chūki'.

中期の休みは楽しいです。

The middle of the break is fun.

'Chūki no yasumi' refers to the middle part of a holiday.

プロジェクトの中期が始まりました。

The middle stage of the project has started.

'Chūki' acts as the subject of the sentence.

江戸時代の中期について勉強します。

I will study the middle of the Edo period.

Historical time division.

旅行の中期に京都へ行きました。

In the middle of the trip, I went to Kyoto.

Uses 'ni' to show when the action happened.

この本の中期は少し難しいです。

The middle part of this book is a bit difficult.

Referring to the middle section of a narrative.

中期のご飯はおいしいです。

The mid-stage food (baby food) is delicious.

Often used for stages of baby food (離乳食中期).

テストの範囲は10世紀の中期です。

The test range is the middle of the 10th century.

Specific historical timeframe.

妊娠中期に入って、体調が良くなりました。

I entered the second trimester and feel better.

Medical term for middle pregnancy.

この建物は明治時代の中期に建てられました。

This building was built in the middle of the Meiji era.

Era + chūki.

中期の計画を立てることが大切です。

It is important to make a medium-term plan.

Abstract planning term.

彼はキャリアの中期に大きな決断をしました。

He made a big decision in the middle of his career.

Middle of a career span.

第2四半期は年度の中期にあたります。

The second quarter corresponds to the middle of the fiscal year.

Formal business correspondence.

中期の目標を達成するために頑張ります。

I will work hard to achieve my medium-term goals.

'Chūki no mokuhyō' is a common collocation.

このドラマの中期はとても盛り上がります。

The middle part of this drama is very exciting.

Referring to the middle of a series.

1990年代の中期に、その技術が普及しました。

In the mid-1990s, that technology became widespread.

Specific decade division.

中期経営計画の策定には時間がかかります。

Formulating a medium-term management plan takes time.

Compound business noun.

中期的な視点で見れば、この投資は成功するでしょう。

From a medium-term perspective, this investment will succeed.

Adjectival use: 'chūki-teki na'.

離乳食の中期メニューを教えてください。

Please tell me the mid-stage baby food menu.

Specific stage in child-rearing.

平安時代中期の貴族文化は非常に華やかでした。

The noble culture of the mid-Heian period was very flamboyant.

Describing cultural characteristics of a period.

経済の中期的な回復が期待されています。

A medium-term recovery of the economy is expected.

Economic formal usage.

この病気は中期になると症状がはっきりします。

Symptoms become clear when this disease reaches the middle stage.

Describing the progression of a disease.

中期の予測では、来月の売上は安定する見込みです。

In the mid-term forecast, sales next month are expected to be stable.

Forecasting term.

建設工事は現在、中期段階にあります。

The construction work is currently in the middle stage.

Project phase description.

中期波の周期を計算する必要があります。

It is necessary to calculate the cycle of the medium-range waves.

Scientific/Technical usage.

この作家の中期作品には、社会批判が目立ちます。

Social criticism is prominent in the mid-career works of this author.

Literary analysis.

政府は中期的な財政再建案を提示した。

The government presented a medium-term fiscal reconstruction plan.

Political/Economic policy.

中期ビジョンの共有が、組織の団結を強める。

Sharing a medium-term vision strengthens organizational unity.

Organizational management.

中期の景気循環を分析することが、投資家の課題だ。

Analyzing medium-term business cycles is a challenge for investors.

Complex economic concept.

その文明は中期に最も繁栄を極めた。

That civilization reached the height of its prosperity in its middle period.

Historical peak description.

中期的な気象変化が農業に与える影響は大きい。

The impact of medium-term weather changes on agriculture is significant.

Environmental/Scientific context.

このソフトウェアの開発は、中期マイルストーンに到達した。

The development of this software has reached its mid-term milestone.

Tech industry project management.

鎌倉時代中期における仏教の変容を考察する。

Considering the transformation of Buddhism in the mid-Kamakura period.

Academic research paper style.

中期的な為替変動リスクをヘッジする戦略を練る。

Developing a strategy to hedge against medium-term exchange rate fluctuation risks.

High-level finance terminology.

その政策は、初期の期待に反して、中期には失速した。

Contrary to initial expectations, that policy stalled in the medium term.

Analytical narrative.

中期報告書では、プロジェクトの課題が詳述されている。

The interim report details the challenges of the project.

Formal documentation.

ルネサンス中期の芸術様式は、均衡と調和を重視した。

The artistic style of the High Renaissance emphasized balance and harmony.

Art history analysis.

中期的な人口動態の推移を予測するのは困難だ。

It is difficult to predict medium-term demographic shifts.

Sociological research.

中期防衛力整備計画に基づき、予算が配分される。

Budgets are allocated based on the Mid-Term Defense Program.

Specific government terminology (Chūkibō).

細胞分裂の中期において、染色体が赤道面に並ぶ。

During metaphase (middle stage) of cell division, chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane.

Biological/Scientific term for 'metaphase'.

歴史の潮流を中期的なスパンで捉え直す試み。

An attempt to re-contextualize historical trends within a medium-term span.

Highly abstract intellectual discourse.

中期利得の最大化が、長期的には損失を招く恐れがある。

The maximization of medium-term gains may lead to losses in the long run.

Philosophical/Economic paradox.

その政権の中期における失政が、後の崩壊を決定づけた。

The misgovernment during the middle of that administration determined its later collapse.

Sophisticated historical causality.

中期的な構造調整が、産業の競争力を左右する鍵となる。

Medium-term structural adjustment will be the key to determining industrial competitiveness.

Macroeconomic strategy.

言語の変遷を中期的な視座から分析し、普遍性を探る。

Analyzing language evolution from a medium-term perspective to explore universality.

Linguistic theory.

中期的な気候変動モデルの精度向上が急務である。

Improving the accuracy of medium-term climate change models is an urgent task.

Scientific policy urgency.

中期的な市場の飽和を予見し、新たな販路を開拓する。

Foreseeing medium-term market saturation and developing new sales channels.

Strategic foresight.

中期の安定が、かえって組織の硬直化を招くことがある。

Medium-term stability can, conversely, lead to organizational rigidity.

Nuanced organizational psychology.

近义词

中盤半ば中間中程中旬

反义词

初期後期

常见搭配

中期経営計画

妊娠中期

江戸時代中期

中期目標

中期的な視点

離乳食中期

中期予測

中期報告

中期国債

中期滞在

常用短语

中期にわたる

— Spanning over a middle period. Used to describe duration.

その変化は中期にわたって続いた。

中期を迎える

— To reach the middle stage. Used for projects or eras.

開発はついに中期を迎えた。

中期の段階

— The mid-term stage. Refers to a specific step in a process.

今はまだ中期の段階にすぎない。

中期的な影響

— Medium-term impact. Used in analysis.

この政策は中期的な影響が大きい。

中期決算

— Mid-term financial results. Common in corporate finance.

中期決算の数字が公表された。

中期波

— Medium waves. Used in physics or radio.

中期波の受信状態を確認する。

中期記憶

— Intermediate-term memory. A psychological term.

中期記憶は数日間持続する。

中期プラン

— Medium-term plan. A slightly more casual business term.

3年後を見据えた中期プラン。

中期スパン

— Medium-term span. Used for time intervals.

中期スパンでの投資を検討する。

中期選抜

— Mid-term selection. Used in some school entrance exams.

公立高校の中期選抜を受ける。

容易混淆的词

中期 vs 中間

Chūkan is a point; Chūki is a period. Don't use Chūki for 'middle of the room'.

中期 vs 中盤

Chūban is usually for games or matches; Chūki is for history or long timelines.

中期 vs 半ば

Nakaba is more poetic and used for months; Chūki is more clinical and formal.

习语与表达

"中期の安定"

— The stability of the middle period. Refers to the most consistent part of a process.

初期の混乱を抜け、中期の安定に入った。

Formal

"中期的な足取り"

— Medium-term pace or progress. Used in economic or market analysis.

景気の中期的な足取りはしっかりしている。

Business

"中期の山場"

— The climax or critical point of the middle stage.

プロジェクトは今、中期の山場を迎えている。

Neutral

"中期的な展望"

— Medium-term outlook. A common phrase in political speeches.

中期的な展望に立って議論を行う。

Formal

"中期の成熟"

— The maturity reached during the middle period.

その文化は中期の成熟を見せている。

Academic

"中期的な調整"

— Medium-term adjustment. Often refers to market corrections.

株価の中期的な調整が続いている。

Finance

"中期の節目"

— A milestone in the middle period.

中期の節目としてイベントを開催する。

Neutral

"中期的なトレンド"

— Medium-term trend. Used in fashion or marketing.

中期的なトレンドを予測するのは難しい。

Business

"中期の空白"

— A gap or lull in the middle period.

歴史には時折、中期の空白が存在する。

Academic

"中期的な利益"

— Medium-term profits. Contrasts with immediate or long-term gains.

中期的な利益を確保するための策。

Business

容易混淆

中期 vs 中期

Both refer to 'middle'.

Chūki is a time span; Chūkan is a point or position.

中期の計画 (Mid-term plan) vs 中間地点 (Midpoint).

中期 vs 中盤

Both mean middle stage.

Chūban is specific to games, sports, or stories. Chūki is for eras or cycles.

試合の中盤 (Middle of the game) vs 江戸時代中期 (Middle Edo period).

中期 vs 中世

Both contain 'middle'.

Chūsei is a specific proper noun for 'Middle Ages'. Chūki is a general term for any middle period.

中世のヨーロッパ (Medieval Europe) vs プロジェクトの中期 (Middle of the project).

中期 vs 中程

Both mean middle part.

Nakahodo often refers to the physical middle of a sequence or object.

列の中程 (Middle of the line) vs 19世紀中期 (Mid-19th century).

中期 vs 半ば

Both mean halfway.

Nakaba is often used for months (mid-May) or life stages. Chūki is more technical.

5月の半ば (Mid-May) vs 妊娠中期 (Second trimester).

句型

[Season]の中期です。

秋の中期です。

[Era]の中期に[Action]。

江戸時代中期に浮世絵が流行した。

中期的な[Noun]を[Verb]。

中期的な目標を設定する。

中期経営計画に基づき[Action]。

中期経営計画に基づき、新規事業を開始する。

中期的な視座から[Action]。

中期的な視座から社会の変化を分析する。

中期利得の最大化が[Result]。

中期利得の最大化が、組織の硬直化を招く。

妊娠中期に入ると[Result]。

妊娠中期に入ると、つわりが落ち着きます。

中期の予測によれば[Action]。

中期の予測によれば、来年は景気が良くなる。

词族

名词

初期 (Shoki - Early)

後期 (Kōki - Late)

期間 (Kikan - Period)

期待 (Kitai - Expectation)

动词

期する (Kisuru - To expect/hope)

期間を定める (Kikan o sadameru - To set a period)

形容词

中期的な (Chūki-teki na - Medium-term)

如何使用

frequency

Highly frequent in news, textbooks, and business documents.

常见错误

Using 'chūki' for physical space. → 中間 (chūkan) or 真ん中 (mannaka)
'Chūki' is only for time. You cannot be in the 'chūki' of a room.
Saying 'ichi-nichi no chūki' for midday. → 正午 (shōgo) or 真ん中 (mannaka)
'Chūki' is for long durations (years/eras), not single days.
Forgetting the 'no' particle in '10-gatsu chūki'. → 10月の中期 (10-gatsu no chūki)
You need the particle 'no' to link a specific month to the period.
Confusing 'chūki' with 'chūsei'. → 中世 (chūsei)
'Chūsei' is 'The Middle Ages'. 'Chūki' is just 'a middle period'.
Using 'chūki' for the middle of a short conversation. → 途中 (tochū)
'Tochū' is used for 'in the middle of/on the way'. 'Chūki' is too formal.

小贴士

Use 'no' with time

Always use 'no' when saying the middle of a specific month or year, like '2023nen no chūki'.

Learn the Trio

Memorize 'shoki', 'chūki', and 'kōki' together. They always appear as a set in history and business.

Business Planning

In a job interview, talk about your 'chūki-teki na mokuhyō' (medium-term goals) to sound professional.

Kanji Meaning

Remember '中' is middle and '期' is a period. This makes the word very easy to decode.

Flat Pitch

Avoid stressing the 'chū'. Keep your voice level for both syllables.

History Buffs

If you visit a museum, look for '中期' on the labels. It will tell you the artifact is from the peak of that era.

Pregnancy Terms

'Ninshin chūki' is a very positive term in Japan, as it's the 'stable period'.

Chūki vs Chūkan

If you can replace 'middle' with 'center', use 'chūkan'. If you mean 'period', use 'chūki'.

Scale Matters

Only use 'chūki' for long scales. Don't use it for the middle of a movie; use 'nakaba'.

Formal Reports

'Chūki' is the standard word for 'interim' or 'mid-term' in official Japanese documents.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Chū' as 'Chewing' and 'Ki' as 'Key'. You are 'Chewing' the 'Key' to the 'Middle' of the lock.

视觉联想

Visualize a timeline divided into three blocks. The middle block is highlighted in bright purple (the color of 'Chūki').

Word Web

History Business Plan Pregnancy Middle Stage 3-5 Years Shoki Kōki Timeline

挑战

Try to divide your current week into 'Shoki', 'Chūki', and 'Kōki'. Wednesday is your 'Chūki'!

词源

Derived from Middle Chinese components. '中' represents a pole through the center of a target, signifying 'middle'. '期' combines '其' (a sieve/basket, used phonetically) and '月' (moon), originally referring to a lunar cycle or a set time.

原始含义： A set period of time occurring in the middle.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral temporal term.

In English, we often just say 'mid-' (e.g., mid-Edo), but 'chūki' is a formal standalone noun.

Heian Chūki Literature (The Tale of Genji era) Edo Chūki Art (Ukiyo-e peak) Jōmon Chūki Pottery (Flame-style vessels)

在生活中练习

真实语境

History Class

～時代の中期
中期文化
中期の政治
中期の変革

Business Meeting

中期経営計画
中期目標の達成
中期的展望
中期的な利益

Medical Checkup

妊娠中期
中期の症状
安定期（中期）
検査の中期

Project Management

中期マイルストーン
中期報告書
開発の中期
中期フェーズ

Weather Forecast

中期予報
冬の中期
中期的な気候
中期の降水量

对话开场白

"江戸時代の中期で一番好きな文化は何ですか？"

"あなたの中期的なキャリア目標は何ですか？"

"妊娠中期に気をつけるべきことは何だと思いますか？"

"プロジェクトが中期に入った時、どうやってモチベーションを維持しますか？"

"このアニメの中期エピソードについてどう思いましたか？"

日记主题

今年の中期目標を3つ書き出してみましょう。

自分が今、人生のどの「期」にいると感じるか、中期的な視点で書いてください。

過去の大きなプロジェクトの中期段階で直面した困難について記述してください。

好きな歴史上の時代の中期について、その魅力を詳しく書いてください。

5年後を見据えた自分の中期計画を立ててみましょう。

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 'chūki' is for longer spans like years or eras. For a day, use 'mannaka' or 'hiruma'.

It's less common than 'mannaka', but very common when talking about pregnancy or school terms.

'Chūki' is a period of time (like a few years), while 'chūkan' is a specific point (like a midpoint).

Usually 'chūkan shiken', but 'chūki shiken' is used in some specific school systems.

It's rare; 'chūban' is much more common for the middle of a game or season.

If modifying a noun, use 'no' (e.g., chūki no keikaku). For eras, attach it directly (e.g., Edo chūki).

It means 'medium-term' and is used as an adjective (e.g., chūki-teki na yosoku).

It refers to the second trimester, usually months 5, 6, and 7 of pregnancy.

Yes, it is typically considered a JLPT N3 level word.

They are 'shoki' (初期 - early) and 'kōki' (後期 - late).

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