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A1 noun #2,821 最常用 4分钟阅读

殺人

satsujin
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 殺人 30秒了解
解析 殺人 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should recognize 殺人 (satsujin) as a word meaning 'murder.' You will likely see it in news headlines or hear it in anime. At this stage, you don't need to use it in your own speech, but knowing that 'satsu' means 'kill' and 'jin' means 'person' helps you understand many other Japanese words. It is a 'passive' vocabulary word for beginners. You might see it in simple sentences like 'Satsujin wa ikemasen' (Murder is not allowed). Focus on the kanji recognition and the basic meaning of the two characters combined. It's a high-frequency word in media, so even a beginner will encounter it often.
At the A2 level, you can start to understand the word in the context of simple stories or news summaries. You should be able to distinguish between 殺人 (the crime) and 殺す (the verb 'to kill'). You might learn the compound 殺人事件 (satsujin jiken - murder case) because it appears so often in TV shows. You should also be aware that this word is very formal. If you are talking about a bug you killed, you would never use 殺人. You are learning to categorize words by their 'weight' and 'formality,' and 殺人 is a heavy, formal noun.
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By B1, you should be able to use 殺人 in discussions about social issues or when summarizing a book or movie plot. You should understand how it functions in sentences with particles, such as '殺人罪に問われる' (to be charged with the crime of murder). You will also start encountering it in metaphorical ways, like 'satsujinteki na' (murderous/extreme). You should be able to explain the difference between 殺人 and 殺害 (satsugai) – the former being the crime/category and the latter being the act of killing. Your reading skills should allow you to recognize it instantly in a text without looking up the kanji.
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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the legal and nuanced implications of the word. You should be familiar with related legal terms like 殺人未遂 (attempted murder) or 嘱託殺人 (murder by request/assisted suicide). You can follow complex news reports about criminal trials where 殺人 is a central theme. You understand the register of the word—it's clinical and objective. You can also use it in more complex grammatical structures, such as '殺人という行為' (the act known as murder) to discuss ethics or law in a classroom or professional setting.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the word's place in Japanese society. You can discuss the 'Saiban-in' (lay judge) system in Japan and how it handles 殺人 cases. You understand the historical context of the kanji and can differentiate between various types of homicide (e.g., 故殺 vs. 謀殺 in older or specific legal contexts). You can read literature where 殺人 is used as a central theme and understand the psychological weight the author intends. Your usage is precise, and you never confuse it with less formal or slightly different terms like 殺生 (sesshō - taking of life, often in a Buddhist context).
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 殺人 is native-like. You can engage in high-level academic or legal debates regarding the definition of murder in the Japanese Penal Code versus other jurisdictions. You understand the most obscure compounds and can interpret the word's use in classical or archaic Japanese texts. You are sensitive to the word's power in rhetoric and can use it or its synonyms to create specific emotional or intellectual effects in writing. You understand the nuances of how the word is used in police jargon versus media sensationalism versus legal precision.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

殺人 30秒了解

  • 殺人 (Satsujin) means murder or homicide. It is a formal noun consisting of the kanji for 'kill' and 'person'.
  • It is primarily used in news, legal contexts, and crime fiction. It is rarely used in casual conversation except when discussing media.
  • Common compounds include 殺人事件 (murder case) and 殺人犯 (murderer). It is distinct from the verb 'korosu' (to kill).
  • Culturally, it carries a heavy weight in Japan due to the country's low crime rate and strict legal system regarding violent crimes.

The term 殺人 (Satsujin) is a fundamental yet heavy word in the Japanese lexicon, representing the gravest of criminal acts: the taking of a human life. Composed of two kanji—殺 (to kill) and 人 (person)—it literally translates to 'person-killing.' While the concept is simple, its application in Japanese society, law, and media is nuanced and strictly regulated by context. Unlike the casual or metaphorical use of 'kill' in English (e.g., 'this workout is killing me'), satsujin is almost exclusively reserved for the literal, physical act of homicide.

Legal Definition
Under the Japanese Penal Code, Article 199, it refers to the intentional killing of another human being.
Societal Weight
In Japan, a country with a historically low homicide rate, the word carries a profound sense of shock and social disruption.
Media Usage
It is the standard term used in news broadcasts (ニュース) and newspapers (新聞) to report on violent crimes.

"警察は殺人事件として捜査を開始した。" (The police have begun an investigation as a murder case.)

"殺人は許されない罪です。" (Murder is an unforgivable crime.)

Kanji Breakdown: 殺
The left side represents a weapon or tool, and the right side represents a strike, signifying the act of taking life.
Kanji Breakdown: 人
The pictograph of a standing human being, indicating the target of the act.

"彼は殺人の疑いで逮捕された。" (He was arrested on suspicion of murder.)

"その映画は殺人犯を追う刑事の物語だ。" (That movie is a story of a detective chasing a murderer.)

Using 殺人 correctly requires understanding its grammatical function as a noun. While in English 'murder' can be both a noun and a verb, in Japanese, satsujin is primarily a noun. To express the action, one usually attaches it to other nouns to form compounds or uses the verb korosu (殺す) or the more formal satsugai suru (殺害する).

  • As a Compound: It frequently combines with other nouns: 殺人事件 (murder case), 殺人犯 (murderer), 殺人未遂 (attempted murder).
  • In Formal Reports: When describing the crime itself, the phrase 殺人罪 (the crime of murder) is used in legal contexts.
  • Hyperbolic Use: Occasionally, you might see it in phrases like 殺人的な暑さ (murderous/deadly heat), though this is more common in casual, descriptive speech to emphasize extreme conditions.

"昨夜、この町で殺人事件が起きた。" (A murder case occurred in this town last night.)

You will encounter 殺人 in several specific domains of Japanese life and media. Its presence is ubiquitous in fiction, particularly in the 'mystery' (ミステリー) genre which is immensely popular in Japan.

News Media
NHK and other broadcasters use it daily in crime reporting. You'll hear phrases like 'satsujin yōgi' (suspicion of murder).
Anime and Manga
Series like 'Detective Conan' (名探偵コナン) use this word in almost every episode. The phrase 'Satsujin jiken da!' (It's a murder case!) is a trope.
Legal Settings
In courtrooms and legal documents, it is the standard technical term.

Learners often make mistakes by treating 殺人 exactly like the English word 'murder'.

  • Incorrect Verb Usage: Avoid saying 'Satsujin suru'. While technically understandable, it sounds unnatural. Use 殺害する (satsugai suru) for 'to commit murder' or 殺す (korosu) for 'to kill'.
  • Confusion with 'Death': Don't confuse it with shibō (死亡 - death) or shisatsu (刺殺 - stabbing to death). Satsujin is the category of the crime, not just the state of being dead.
  • Tone Mismatch: Using satsujin in a joke can be seen as much more offensive in Japanese culture than in some Western cultures, as the word carries a very clinical, dark weight.

Understanding the synonyms helps refine your vocabulary precision.

殺害 (Satsugai)
The act of killing. This is the verb-form noun (殺害する) used in news to describe the action.
他殺 (Tasatsu)
Homicide (as opposed to suicide). Used by medical examiners and police to indicate death caused by another person.
暗殺 (Ansatsu)
Assassination. Killing a high-profile person for political reasons.
屠殺 (Tosatsu)
Slaughter. Specifically used for animals in a commercial context.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Passive voice (for being killed)

Compound nouns

Nominalization with 'koto' and 'no'

Causative-passive

Legal terminology register

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按水平分级的例句

1

殺人は悪いです。

Murder is bad.

Simple noun + wa + adjective.

2

これは殺人事件ですか？

Is this a murder case?

Noun + desu ka (question).

3

テレビで殺人のニュースを見ました。

I saw news of a murder on TV.

Noun + no + Noun (possession/category).

4

殺人はこわいです。

Murder is scary.

Subject marker 'wa' with an i-adjective.

5

彼は殺人をしましたか？

Did he commit murder?

Direct object 'o' + shimashita (past tense).

6

殺人はいけません。

Murder is not allowed.

Standard phrase for 'must not/not allowed'.

7

殺人犯はだれですか？

Who is the murderer?

Compound noun: 殺人 + 犯 (criminal).

8

この本は殺人の話です。

This book is a story about murder.

Topic marker 'wa' + description.

1

警察は殺人の証拠を探しています。

The police are looking for evidence of the murder.

Continuous form ~te imasu.

2

昨日の夜、殺人がありました。

There was a murder last night.

Arimashita (existence of an event).

3

彼は殺人の罪でつかまりました。

He was caught for the crime of murder.

Passive voice 'tsukamaru'.

4

殺人事件のニュースが流れた。

News of a murder case was broadcast.

Simple past 'nagareta'.

5

殺人を計画するのは犯罪です。

Planning a murder is a crime.

Nominalizing a verb phrase with 'no'.

6

彼女は殺人の現場を見ました。

She saw the scene of the murder.

Genba (scene/site).

7

殺人の理由は分かりません。

The reason for the murder is unknown.

Riyū (reason).

8

その映画には殺人のシーンがあります。

There is a murder scene in that movie.

Ni wa (location of existence).

1

犯人は殺人の動機を語り始めた。

The criminal began to talk about the motive for the murder.

Dōki (motive).

2

殺人を防ぐために警察が巡回している。

Police are patrolling to prevent murder.

Tame ni (in order to).

3

彼は殺人未遂の疑いで逮捕された。

He was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder.

Satsujin misui (attempted murder).

4

この町では十年間、殺人が起きていない。

In this town, no murders have occurred for ten years.

Negative continuous form.

5

殺人のニュースを聞いて、住民は不安になった。

Hearing the news of the murder, the residents became anxious.

Te-form for cause/reason.

6

彼は殺人犯として一生を刑務所で過ごした。

He spent his whole life in prison as a murderer.

As 'toshite' (role/capacity).

7

殺人と過失致死は法律的に異なります。

Murder and involuntary manslaughter are legally different.

Comparison using 'to'.

8

殺人をテーマにした小説を書く。

I will write a novel with murder as its theme.

O tēma ni shita (themed around).

1

その男は冷酷な殺人を繰り返した。

The man repeatedly committed cold-blooded murders.

Adjective 'reikoku' (cold-blooded).

2

殺人の時効が廃止されたことを知っていますか？

Do you know that the statute of limitations for murder was abolished?

Noun clause with 'koto'.

3

検察側は彼を殺人罪で起訴した。

The prosecution indicted him on murder charges.

Legal term 'kiso' (indict).

4

殺人の背景には複雑な人間関係があった。

There were complex human relationships behind the murder.

Haikei (background/context).

5

大量殺人は社会に大きな衝撃を与えた。

The mass murder gave a great shock to society.

Tairyō satsujin (mass murder).

6

殺人を肯定するような思想は危険だ。

Ideologies that seem to affirm murder are dangerous.

Kōtei suru (affirm/approve).

7

彼は殺人現場の状況を詳しく説明した。

He explained the situation at the murder scene in detail.

Jōkyō (situation/circumstances).

8

殺人事件の捜査は難航している。

The investigation of the murder case is running into difficulties.

Nankō (rough sailing/difficulties).

1

死刑制度の是非は、殺人の凶悪性と密接に関わっている。

The pros and cons of the death penalty are closely related to the heinousness of murder.

Kyōakusei (atrocity/heinousness).

2

嘱託殺人という倫理的難問に直面する。

Facing the ethical dilemma known as murder by request.

Shokutaku satsujin (assisted/requested murder).

3

その猟奇的殺人は、戦後最大のミステリーとされた。

That bizarre murder was considered the greatest mystery of the post-war era.

Ryōkiteki (bizarre/grotesque).

4

殺人の心理を分析する犯罪心理学の権威。

An authority in criminal psychology who analyzes the psychology of murder.

Ken'i (authority).

5

無差別殺人は、現代社会の歪みを象徴している。

Indiscriminate murder symbolizes the distortions of modern society.

Musabetsu (indiscriminate).

6

殺人の連鎖を断ち切るためには、教育が不可欠だ。

Education is essential to break the chain of murder.

Rensa (chain/cycle).

7

彼は殺人容疑を全面的に否認している。

He completely denies the murder charges.

Zenmenteki ni hinin (complete denial).

8

過剰防衛が殺人に発展するケースも少なくない。

There are many cases where excessive self-defense develops into murder.

Kajō bōei (excessive defense).

1

法哲学の観点から殺人の本質を考察する。

Considering the essence of murder from the perspective of legal philosophy.

Kanten (perspective).

2

殺人の構成要件を厳密に定義する必要がある。

It is necessary to strictly define the constituent elements of murder.

Kōsei yōken (constituent elements).

3

尊厳死と嘱託殺人の境界線は極めて曖昧である。

The line between death with dignity and assisted murder is extremely blurred.

Kyōkaisen (boundary line).

4

殺人の隠蔽工作が、皮肉にも犯人特定の手がかりとなった。

The cover-up of the murder ironically became the clue to identifying the perpetrator.

Inpei kōsaku (cover-up operation).

5

未必の故意による殺人が認められた事例。

A case where murder by willful negligence (dolus eventualis) was recognized.

Mihitsu no koi (willful negligence).

6

殺人の動機が怨恨であるか利欲であるかは、量刑に大きく影響する。

Whether the motive for murder is resentment or greed greatly affects the sentencing.

Ryōkei (sentencing).

7

国家による殺人と定義される戦争の矛盾。

The contradiction of war, which is defined as murder by the state.

Mujun (contradiction).

8

殺人の深層心理を抉り出すような文学作品。

A literary work that gouges out the deep-seated psychology of murder.

Shinsō shinri (deep psychology).

近义词

殺害 人殺し 暗殺 他殺 屠殺

反义词

出産 救命 蘇生

常见搭配

殺人事件
殺人犯
殺人未遂
殺人罪
殺人容疑
殺人現場
殺人動機
大量殺人
無差別殺人
殺人計画

常用短语

殺人を犯す
殺人に問われる
殺人の疑い
殺人を企てる
殺人鬼
殺人的な暑さ
殺人現場に居合わせる
殺人事件の捜査
殺人罪で起訴する
殺人を否定する

容易混淆的词

殺人 vs 殺害 (The act vs the crime)

殺人 vs 自殺 (Self-killing)

殺人 vs 他殺 (Homicide as a medical category)

习语与表达

"殺人刀 (Setsujintō - A sword that kills, often contrasted with a sword that gives life)"
"殺人教唆 (Satsujin kyōsha - Incitement to murder)"
"殺人幇助 (Satsujin hōjo - Aiding and abetting murder)"
"殺人光線 (Satsujin kōsen - Death ray/killer beam in sci-fi)"
"殺人微笑 (Satsujin bishō - A 'killer smile', borrowed from Korean pop culture)"
"殺人拳 (Satsujin ken - A lethal martial arts technique)"
"殺人マシーン (Satsujin mashīn - Killing machine)"
"殺人スケジュール (Satsujin sukejūru - A 'killer' or impossibly tight schedule)"
"殺人ラッシュ (Satsujin rasshu - A 'killer' rush hour/crowd)"
"殺人級 (Satsujin kyū - Killer-level/extreme)"

容易混淆

殺人 vs

殺人 vs

殺人 vs

殺人 vs

殺人 vs

句型

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如何使用

legal

Refers specifically to human victims.

metaphorical

Can be used for 'murderous heat' or 'murderous schedule'.

常见错误
  • Using it for animals.
  • Saying 'satsujin suru'.
  • Confusing with 'jisatsu' (suicide).
  • Using it for accidental deaths.
  • Mispronouncing 'tsu' as 'su'.

小贴士

Kanji Tip

The 'person' radical is on the right of 殺. Don't forget the small strokes.

Media Tip

If you hear 'satsujin' on the news, it's almost always followed by 'jiken'.

Compound Tip

Learning 'satsujin' helps you learn 'han' (criminal) in 'satsujin-han'.

Culture Tip

Japan has a very high conviction rate for murder cases.

Grammar Tip

Treat it as a pure noun. It doesn't take 'suru' naturally.

Mnemonic Tip

Satsu = Slash, Jin = Person. Slash-Person.

Reading Tip

The 'satsu' reading is common in many violent words.

Listening Tip

News anchors speak this word with a very serious, flat intonation.

Writing Tip

In fiction, 'satsujin' is often written in katakana for stylistic effect.

Social Tip

Avoid using this word in public places like airports or crowded trains.

记住它

词源

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

文化背景

Japanese news uses very specific terminology for suspects (e.g., 'yōgisha') in murder cases.

Detective Conan is the most famous source for this word for many learners.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"最近、殺人事件のニュースを見ましたか？"

"好きな殺人ミステリー小説はありますか？"

"この映画には殺人のシーンがありますか？"

"日本の殺人率は低いと言われていますね。"

"殺人未遂と殺人の違いは何だと思いますか？"

日记主题

ミステリー小説で殺人が起きた時の感想を書いてください。

なぜ殺人は最大の罪とされるのか、自分の考えを書いてください。

ニュースで殺人事件を見た時、どう感じますか？

「殺人的な暑さ」という表現を使ったことがありますか？

正当防衛と殺人の境界について書いてください。

常见问题

10 个问题

It is grammatically understandable but sounds very 'translation-ese'. Natives use 'satsugai suru' or 'korosu'.

No, 'jin' means person. For animals, use 'tosatsu' (slaughter) or 'korosu' (kill).

It means a 'murderous fiend' or a serial killer.

Generally no. It is a very heavy word in Japanese culture.

It is 'satsujin misui' (殺人未遂).

It is Heiban (flat), meaning the pitch stays high after the first syllable.

The kanji is N2, but the word is so common in media that even A1/N5 students encounter it.

It's an adjective meaning 'extreme' or 'deadly' (e.g., heat).

殺人 is the name of the crime; 殺害 is the act of killing someone.

Yes, 'tairyō satsujin' (大量殺人).

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