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B2 noun #4,000 am häufigsten 7 Min. Lesezeit

상호작용

sanghojagyong Top 4,000

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상호작용 (Sangho-jakyong) is a very big word for beginners! At the A1 level, you don't need to use it often, but it's good to know it means 'doing things together' or 'talking back and forth.' Imagine two people playing catch with a ball. One person throws, the other catches and throws back. That 'back and forth' is what this word describes. In simple Korean, we usually just say '함께 해요' (do together) or '이야기해요' (talk). But if you see this word in a book, just think of it as 'people or things affecting each other.' It's like a cycle of action and reaction. Even at this level, you can understand that '상호' means 'each other' and '작용' means 'action.' So, it is 'each other action.'

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At the A2 level, you can start to recognize 상호작용 in simple sentences about social life or technology. It means 'interaction.' For example, when you use a computer, you click a button and the computer does something. That is a simple 상호작용. In Korean, we use this word when we want to sound a bit more serious or formal than just saying 'playing' or 'talking.' It is often used in school to describe how students and teachers should work together. You might see it in phrases like '상호작용이 중요해요' (Interaction is important). Remember that it involves at least two sides. If only one person is talking and no one is listening, there is no 상호작용. It requires a response from the other side to be a real interaction.

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By B1, you should be comfortable seeing 상호작용 in news articles or slightly more complex reading materials. It is the standard word for 'interaction' in social, scientific, and technical contexts. You'll notice it often appears with the particle '-간의' (between), as in '사람들 간의 상호작용' (interaction between people). At this level, you should understand that it's not just about talking; it's about mutual influence. If you change your behavior because of someone else, and they change because of you, that's a classic 상호작용. It's a key word for discussing topics like social media, where users 'interact' with content and each other. You can start using '상호작용하다' as a verb in your writing to describe how different elements in a story or situation affect one another.

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At the B2 level, 상호작용 is an essential part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You are expected to use it to describe complex systems and relationships. You should understand the nuance that 상호작용 implies a feedback loop or a reciprocal relationship. For example, in an essay about the environment, you would use this word to describe the '상호작용' between an ecosystem's animals and plants. In a business context, you would use it to discuss 'customer interaction' (고객 상호작용). You should also be able to use related terms like '상호작용적' (interactive) as an adjective. At this level, you should focus on using the word with appropriate collocations like '유기적인 상호작용' (organic interaction) or '활발한 상호작용' (active interaction) to make your speech and writing more sophisticated.

For C1 learners, 상호작용 is a tool for deep analysis. You should be able to discuss the philosophical, psychological, and systemic implications of interactions. This includes understanding how 상호작용 functions in '상징적 상호작용론' (Symbolic Interactionism) in sociology or '약물 상호작용' (drug interaction) in medicine. You should be able to distinguish it from similar concepts like '교류' (exchange) or '공생' (symbiosis) with precision. At this level, you should be using the word to describe abstract concepts, such as the interaction between tradition and modernity, or the interaction between different variables in a scientific experiment. Your usage should be fluid, incorporating it into complex sentence structures with ease, and understanding its role in creating cohesive academic or professional discourse.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 상호작용 and its myriad applications. You can use it to explore the most subtle nuances of reciprocal influence in literature, high-level science, and political theory. You understand how the term has evolved in the digital age to encompass virtual and AI-driven interactions. You can critique the quality of 상호작용 in various systems, from the macro-level of international relations to the micro-level of cellular biology. You are also aware of the word's etymological weight and can use it to create highly formal and persuasive arguments. For a C2 learner, 상호작용 is not just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual framework for understanding the interconnectedness of all things in the world, and you can articulate this with complete grammatical and stylistic mastery.

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상호작용 in 30 Sekunden

상호작용 means 'interaction' or 'reciprocal influence' between two or more parties.
It is a Sino-Korean word: 상호 (mutual) + 작용 (action/effect).
Used in social, academic, scientific, and technical contexts to describe feedback loops.
Commonly paired with particles like -간의 (between) and -와의 (with).

The Korean word 상호작용 (Sangho-jakyong) is a profound and versatile noun that translates to "interaction" or "reciprocal action." To truly grasp its essence, one must look at its Hanja (Sino-Korean) roots: 상호 (相互) meaning "mutual" or "each other," and 작용 (作用) meaning "action," "effect," or "process." Together, they describe a dynamic where two or more entities do not just exist side-by-side but actively influence, change, and respond to one another. While the English word "interaction" can sometimes feel casual (like a quick chat), the Korean 상호작용 often carries a slightly more formal, systematic, or academic weight, though it is used across a broad spectrum of contexts from sociology to software design.

Social Context: In social settings, it refers to the exchange of ideas, emotions, and behaviors between individuals. It is the fundamental building block of relationships. For example, a healthy marriage requires constant, positive 상호작용.
Scientific & Technical Context: In physics or chemistry, it describes how particles or substances affect each other. In technology, especially UI/UX design, it refers to the 'interaction' between the user and the interface—how the system responds to a click or a swipe.
Educational Context: Modern pedagogy emphasizes the 상호작용 between teacher and student, moving away from one-way lectures to a two-way flow of knowledge.

인간은 사회적 존재로서 타인과의 끊임없는 상호작용을 통해 성장한다.
— "As social beings, humans grow through constant interaction with others."

Understanding when to use this word instead of simpler terms like '대화' (conversation) or '만남' (meeting) is key for B2 learners. You use 상호작용 when you want to highlight the *process* of mutual influence. If you are talking about the way a medication affects the body in conjunction with food, or the way a video game reacts to a player's choices, this is the precise term you need. It implies a feedback loop. In the digital age, 'User Interaction' is almost always translated as '사용자 상호작용'.

약물 간의 부작용을 피하기 위해서는 성분들 사이의 상호작용을 잘 살펴야 합니다.
— "To avoid side effects between drugs, one must carefully examine the interaction between ingredients."

In summary, 상호작용 is a high-level word that signals you are discussing the mechanics of how things relate to each other. It is indispensable for professional presentations, academic writing, and deep discussions about human behavior or technology. It elevates your Korean from simple descriptions to structural analysis.

Using 상호작용 correctly requires understanding the particles and verbs that typically accompany it. Because it is a noun, it often functions as the object of the sentence or as part of a compound noun phrase. The most common verb construction is 상호작용을 하다 (to interact) or 상호작용이 일어나다 (interaction occurs).

Common Verb Pairings

상호작용을 하다: To perform an interaction. (Active)
상호작용이 이루어지다: Interaction is achieved/takes place. (Passive/Formal)
상호작용을 촉진하다: To promote or facilitate interaction.
상호작용을 관찰하다: To observe interaction.

이 프로그램은 사용자와 실시간으로 상호작용할 수 있도록 설계되었습니다.
— "This program is designed to interact with the user in real-time."

One of the most important grammatical patterns involving 상호작용 is the use of the particle -간의 (between) or -와의 (with). When you want to specify who or what is interacting, these particles are essential. For example, '사람들 간의 상호작용' (interaction between people) or '환경과의 상호작용' (interaction with the environment).

교사와 학생 사이의 활발한 상호작용이 학습 효과를 높입니다.
— "Active interaction between the teacher and the student increases learning effectiveness."

In more advanced settings, you might see 상호작용 modified by adjectives like '유기적인' (organic), '복합적인' (complex), or '지속적인' (continuous). These describe the *nature* of the interaction. For instance, '유기적인 상호작용' suggests that the two parts are working together like a living organism, perfectly synchronized. This level of descriptive power is what makes 상호작용 a favorite in Korean business reports and academic journals.

Sentence Patterns

[A]와 [B]의 상호작용: Interaction of A and B.
[A]가 [B]와 상호작용하다: A interacts with B.
상호작용을 통해 [결과]: Through interaction, [result].

While 상호작용 might sound like a word found only in textbooks, it is surprisingly common in everyday modern Korean life, especially in professional and intellectual settings. If you watch a Korean news segment about social media trends, a documentary about ecology, or a business seminar on workplace culture, you will hear this word repeatedly.

In the Tech World: Developers and designers use it constantly. "사용자 상호작용을 개선해야 합니다" (We need to improve user interaction). It refers to the responsiveness of an app or website. If a button doesn't work well, the '상호작용' is poor.
In the Classroom: Korean parents and educators are obsessed with '상호작용'. You will often hear teachers saying, "아이들과의 상호작용이 부족해요" (There isn't enough interaction with the children). It implies that the adult needs to listen and respond more to the child's cues.

이 게임의 매력은 다른 플레이어들과의 긴밀한 상호작용에 있습니다.
— "The charm of this game lies in the close interaction with other players."

In the context of the environment and biology, 상호작용 is the standard term for how species coexist. A documentary might explain the '상호작용' between bees and flowers. In psychology, it describes how our personality interacts with our surroundings. It is a word that bridges the gap between the hard sciences and the soft humanities.

문화적 상호작용을 통해 새로운 예술 양식이 탄생하기도 합니다.
— "New art forms are sometimes born through cultural interaction."

Even in marketing, you'll hear about '브랜드와 소비자의 상호작용' (Interaction between brand and consumer). If a brand replies to your comments on Instagram, they are engaging in 상호작용. It is a term that signifies modern, two-way engagement in any field.

While 상호작용 is a powerful word, learners often misuse it by applying it to situations where simpler words are more natural, or by confusing it with related terms. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid.

Mistake 1: Over-using it in casual conversation: If you are just hanging out with a friend, don't say "우리 오늘 상호작용하자" (Let's interact today). It sounds like you are two robots or scientists. Instead, use "놀자" (Let's play/hang out) or "이야기하자" (Let's talk).
Mistake 2: Confusing with '소통' (Communication): '소통' focuses on the successful delivery and understanding of a message. '상호작용' is broader—it includes non-verbal actions, chemical reactions, and mechanical responses. If the problem is that people don't understand each other, use '소통'. If the problem is that they don't affect each other's actions, use '상호작용'.

Incorrect: 친구랑 재미있는 상호작용을 했어요.
Correct: 친구랑 재미있게 놀았어요 / 대화했어요.

Another common mistake is using the wrong particle. Remember that 상호작용 describes a relationship *between* things. Using the object particle '-를' is common when you are 'doing' the interaction (상호작용을 하다), but when describing the interaction itself, use '-간의' or '-와의'.

Finally, don't confuse it with '반작용' (reaction/counteraction). While '상호작용' is a two-way street of mutual influence, '반작용' is specifically the *opposite* reaction to an action (like Newton's third law). If you want to talk about the give-and-take, stick with 상호작용.

To master 상호작용, you should know how it compares to its synonyms and near-synonyms. Choosing the right word depends on the nuance you want to convey.

교류 (Gyoryu) - Exchange: Focuses on the movement of things (culture, information, goods) back and forth. '문화 교류' (cultural exchange) is very common. Use this when the focus is on what is being shared.
소통 (Sotong) - Communication: Focuses on mutual understanding. If a boss and employee understand each other well, they have good '소통'.
관계 (Gwangye) - Relationship: Describes the state of being connected. '상호작용' is the *activity* that happens within a '관계'.

Comparison:
1. 두 나라 사이의 교류가 늘었다. (Exchange increased - focus on goods/info).
2. 두 나라 사이의 상호작용이 복잡해졌다. (Interaction became complex - focus on mutual influence).

In scientific contexts, you might see 반응 (reaction). While '상호작용' is the overall process, '반응' is the specific response of one thing to another. If you press a button and a light turns on, the light turning on is the '반응', but the whole system of you pressing and the light responding is the '상호작용'.

For B2 learners, being able to swap 상호작용 with more specific words like '피드백' (feedback) or '영향' (influence) depending on the context will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise. However, 상호작용 remains the best "umbrella term" for any reciprocal process.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The characters '상' and '호' both mean 'mutual', which might seem redundant, but in Hanja, doubling up similar meanings often emphasizes the completeness or formal nature of the concept. It's like saying 'mutually mutual.'

Aussprachehilfe

UK /sʰaŋ.ɦo.dʑa.ɡjoŋ/

US /sɑŋ.ho.dʒɑ.ɡjɔŋ/

In Korean, syllables usually have equal weight, but a slight emphasis can be placed on the first syllable '상' to initiate the word clearly.

Reimt sich auf

환경 (environment) 감정 (emotion) 열정 (passion) 과정 (process) 결정 (decision) 안정 (stability) 수정 (correction) 인정 (recognition)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing '작' (jak) as 'jack' with a long 'a'. It should be a short, crisp 'ah' sound.
Failing to pronounce the 'ng' (ㅇ) at the end of '상' and '용' clearly.
Treating it as four separate words instead of one fluid noun.
Aspirating the 'j' in '작' too much; it should be relatively soft.
Confusing '상호' with '성호' or other similar sounding words.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

The word itself is long and Hanja-based, making it look intimidating in a text.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires knowledge of specific particles like -간의 or -와의 to use correctly in a sentence.

Sprechen 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but finding the right context to sound natural is tricky.

Hören 3/5

Common in lectures and news, so it's easy to spot once you know it.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

서로 (each other) 함께 (together) 관계 (relationship) 대화 (conversation) 작용 (action/effect)

Als Nächstes lernen

상호의존 (interdependence) 시너지 (synergy) 피드백 (feedback) 의사소통 (communication) 유기적 (organic/systemic)

Fortgeschritten

상징적 상호작용론 (Symbolic Interactionism) 비선형적 상호작용 (Non-linear interaction) 역동적 (dynamic) 매개 (mediation)

Wichtige Grammatik

-간의 (Between)

사람들 간의 상호작용이 중요합니다.

-와의/과 (With)

환경과의 상호작용을 연구합니다.

-를 통해 (Through)

상호작용을 통해 배웁니다.

-에 의한 (By)

상호작용에 의한 결과입니다.

-하다 (Verbalizer)

우리는 서로 상호작용한다.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

사람들과 상호작용이 중요해요.

Interaction with people is important.

상호작용 (interaction) + 이 (subject particle) + 중요해요 (is important).

친구와 상호작용을 해요.

I interact with my friend.

상호작용을 하다 means 'to do interaction' or 'to interact'.

아이들은 상호작용을 좋아해요.

Children like interaction.

아이들 (children) + 은 (topic particle) + 상호작용을 (interaction + object particle).

이것은 좋은 상호작용이에요.

This is a good interaction.

이것 (this) + 은 (topic particle) + 좋은 (good) + 상호작용 (interaction) + 이에요 (is).

우리는 매일 상호작용해요.

We interact every day.

상호작용하다 is used here as a verb meaning 'to interact'.

상호작용이 필요해요.

Interaction is needed.

필요해요 means 'is necessary' or 'is needed'.

선생님과 상호작용하세요.

Please interact with the teacher.

-하세요 is a polite command or request ending.

동물들도 상호작용을 해요.

Animals also interact.

동물들 (animals) + 도 (also/too).

수업 시간에 학생들 간의 상호작용이 많아요.

There is a lot of interaction between students during class.

-간의 means 'between'.

이 앱은 사용자와 상호작용이 빨라요.

This app has fast interaction with the user.

빨라요 means 'is fast'.

가족 사이의 상호작용이 줄어들었어요.

Interaction between family members has decreased.

줄어들었어요 is the past tense of 'to decrease'.

온라인에서도 상호작용을 할 수 있어요.

You can interact online as well.

할 수 있어요 means 'can do'.

운동은 몸과 마음의 상호작용이에요.

Exercise is an interaction between the body and the mind.

몸 (body) + 과 (and) + 마음 (mind).

팀원들과 더 많이 상호작용해야 해요.

You need to interact more with your team members.

-해야 해요 means 'must' or 'should'.

상호작용을 통해 친구를 사귀어요.

I make friends through interaction.

-를 통해 means 'through' or 'by means of'.

기계와의 상호작용은 가끔 어려워요.

Interaction with machines is sometimes difficult.

가끔 (sometimes) + 어려워요 (is difficult).

디지털 시대에는 인간관계의 상호작용 방식이 변했습니다.

In the digital age, the way of interaction in human relationships has changed.

방식 (method/way) + 이 (subject particle) + 변했습니다 (changed).

성공적인 교육을 위해서는 활발한 상호작용이 필수적입니다.

Active interaction is essential for successful education.

필수적입니다 means 'is essential' or 'is a must'.

이 게임은 플레이어들 사이의 상호작용을 유도합니다.

This game encourages interaction between players.

유도합니다 means 'to induce' or 'to encourage'.

약과 음식 사이의 상호작용을 조심해야 합니다.

You must be careful about the interaction between medicine and food.

조심해야 합니다 means 'must be careful'.

SNS는 타인과의 상호작용을 더 쉽게 만들어 줍니다.

SNS makes interaction with others easier.

만들어 줍니다 means 'makes' (as a favor/service).

아이의 발달에 있어서 부모와의 상호작용은 매우 중요합니다.

In a child's development, interaction with parents is very important.

-에 있어서 means 'in' or 'when it comes to'.

서로 다른 문화 간의 상호작용은 새로운 가치를 창출합니다.

Interaction between different cultures creates new values.

창출합니다 means 'to create' or 'to generate'.

환경과 생물 사이의 상호작용을 연구하는 학문이 생태학입니다.

Ecology is the study of the interaction between the environment and living things.

연구하는 (researching) + 학문 (academic field).

이 연구는 유전자와 환경의 상호작용을 분석하고 있습니다.

This research is analyzing the interaction between genes and the environment.

분석하고 있습니다 is the present continuous form of 'to analyze'.

사용자 인터페이스(UI)는 직관적인 상호작용을 제공해야 합니다.

A user interface (UI) must provide intuitive interaction.

직관적인 means 'intuitive'.

두 기업 간의 전략적 상호작용이 시장에 큰 변화를 가져왔습니다.

The strategic interaction between the two companies brought a big change to the market.

가져왔습니다 is the past tense of 'to bring'.

심리적 상호작용은 개인의 성격 형성에 지대한 영향을 미칩니다.

Psychological interaction has a profound influence on an individual's personality formation.

영향을 미치다 means 'to have an influence/effect'.

언어는 사회적 상호작용의 가장 기본적인 도구입니다.

Language is the most basic tool of social interaction.

기본적인 (basic) + 도구 (tool).

복잡한 시스템 내에서 구성 요소들 사이의 상호작용을 이해하는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to understand the interactions between components within a complex system.

구성 요소 (component/element).

가상 현실(VR) 기술은 새로운 차원의 상호작용을 가능하게 합니다.

Virtual Reality (VR) technology enables a new dimension of interaction.

가능하게 합니다 means 'makes possible'.

약물 상호작용으로 인해 예상치 못한 부작용이 발생할 수 있습니다.

Unexpected side effects may occur due to drug interaction.

-로 인해 means 'due to' or 'because of'.

상징적 상호작용론은 사회를 개인들 간의 의미 교환 과정으로 봅니다.

Symbolic interactionism views society as a process of meaning exchange between individuals.

상징적 상호작용론 (Symbolic Interactionism) is a sociological theory.

생태계 내에서 종들 사이의 복합적인 상호작용은 생물 다양성을 유지하는 핵심입니다.

The complex interactions between species within an ecosystem are key to maintaining biodiversity.

유지하는 (maintaining) + 핵심 (core/key).

정치적 주체들 간의 역동적인 상호작용이 정책 결정 과정에 반영됩니다.

The dynamic interaction between political actors is reflected in the policy-making process.

반영됩니다 is the passive form of 'to reflect'.

글로벌 시장에서 수요와 공급의 상호작용은 가격 결정의 기본 원리입니다.

The interaction of supply and demand in the global market is the basic principle of price determination.

수요 (demand) + 공급 (supply).

인간의 인지 과정은 뇌의 서로 다른 영역들 간의 긴밀한 상호작용의 결과입니다.

Human cognitive processes are the result of close interaction between different regions of the brain.

결과 (result).

작품과 관객 사이의 상호작용을 통해 예술적 경험이 완성됩니다.

Artistic experience is completed through the interaction between the work and the audience.

완성됩니다 means 'to be completed'.

기술 혁신과 사회적 요구 사이의 상호작용은 문명의 발전을 이끕니다.

The interaction between technological innovation and social needs drives the development of civilization.

이끕니다 means 'to lead' or 'to drive'.

교실 내의 권력 관계는 교사와 학생 간의 상호작용 방식에 의해 규정됩니다.

Power relations in the classroom are defined by the mode of interaction between teacher and student.

규정됩니다 means 'to be defined' or 'to be prescribed'.

현대 물리학에서 기본 상호작용은 우주의 구조를 형성하는 네 가지 힘을 의미합니다.

In modern physics, fundamental interactions refer to the four forces that shape the structure of the universe.

기본 상호작용 (Fundamental interaction) is a specific term in physics.

포스트모더니즘 담론은 텍스트와 독자 사이의 끊임없는 상호작용을 통한 의미의 해체를 강조합니다.

Postmodern discourse emphasizes the deconstruction of meaning through the constant interaction between text and reader.

해체 (deconstruction) + 강조합니다 (emphasizes).

거시 경제 지표들 사이의 비선형적 상호작용을 예측하는 것은 매우 난해한 과제입니다.

Predicting non-linear interactions between macroeconomic indicators is a very difficult task.

비선형적 (non-linear) + 난해한 (difficult/abstruse).

인공지능과 인간의 상호작용이 심화됨에 따라 윤리적 가이드라인의 정립이 시급합니다.

As the interaction between AI and humans deepens, the establishment of ethical guidelines is urgent.

심화됨에 따라 means 'as [something] deepens'.

문화적 정체성은 타자와의 부단한 상호작용 속에서 재구성되는 역동적인 산물입니다.

Cultural identity is a dynamic product that is reconstructed within constant interaction with the 'other'.

재구성되는 (being reconstructed) + 산물 (product).

신경 전달 물질과 수용체 간의 미세한 상호작용이 인간의 감정과 행동을 조절합니다.

Minute interactions between neurotransmitters and receptors regulate human emotions and behaviors.

조절합니다 means 'to regulate' or 'to control'.

국가 간의 복합적 상호의존성은 상호작용의 빈도와 질에 의해 결정됩니다.

Complex interdependence between nations is determined by the frequency and quality of interactions.

상호의존성 (interdependence).

생태적 상호작용의 파괴는 연쇄 반응을 일으켜 전체 시스템의 붕괴를 초래할 수 있습니다.

The disruption of ecological interactions can trigger a chain reaction, leading to the collapse of the entire system.

초래할 수 있습니다 means 'can bring about' or 'can result in'.

Synonyme

교류 소통 관계 피드백

Gegenteile

단절 고립

Häufige Kollokationen

상호작용을 하다

상호작용이 일어나다

활발한 상호작용

사회적 상호작용

상호작용을 촉진하다

사용자 상호작용

상호작용을 분석하다

긴밀한 상호작용

상호작용이 부족하다

약물 상호작용

Häufige Phrasen

상호작용을 통해

— Through interaction. Used to explain the method by which something is achieved.

상호작용을 통해 문제를 해결했습니다.

상호작용이 원활하다

— Interaction is smooth. Used when the give-and-take is working well.

팀원 간의 상호작용이 원활합니다.

상호작용을 유도하다

— To induce or encourage interaction.

교사는 학생들의 상호작용을 유도해야 합니다.

상호작용을 관찰하다

— To observe interaction. Common in scientific or social studies.

아이들의 상호작용을 관찰하고 기록하세요.

상호작용의 결과

— The result of interaction.

이것은 오랜 상호작용의 결과입니다.

상호작용 방식

— The method or way of interaction.

우리는 서로 다른 상호작용 방식을 가지고 있습니다.

상호작용 능력

— The ability to interact.

사회적 상호작용 능력을 키워야 합니다.

실시간 상호작용

— Real-time interaction. Common in tech and gaming.

실시간 상호작용이 가능한 플랫폼입니다.

상호작용이 복잡하다

— Interaction is complex.

생태계의 상호작용은 매우 복잡합니다.

상호작용을 강화하다

— To strengthen interaction.

고객과의 상호작용을 강화하기로 했습니다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

상호작용 vs 반작용

상호작용 is mutual (two-way), while 반작용 is specifically the 'reaction' to an action (Newtonian sense).

상호작용 vs 소통

소통 is about understanding and communication; 상호작용 is a broader term for any mutual influence.

상호작용 vs 교류

교류 focuses on the physical or cultural exchange of items; 상호작용 focuses on the process of influence.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"가는 말이 고와야 오는 말이 곱다"

— If the words going out are pretty, the words coming in will be pretty. This reflects the core concept of social interaction.

가는 말이 고와야 오는 말이 곱다고, 먼저 친절하게 대해 보세요.

Casual/Proverb

"손뼉도 마주쳐야 소리가 난다"

— It takes two hands to clap. Used to say that interaction or cooperation requires both parties.

상호작용이 안 되는 건 두 사람 모두의 책임이에요. 손뼉도 마주쳐야 소리가 나죠.

Casual/Proverb

"주고받다"

— To give and take. A very common way to describe interaction in simple terms.

우리는 의견을 자유롭게 주고받았습니다.

Neutral

"호흡을 맞추다"

— To synchronize breathing. Means to work together in perfect interaction/coordination.

두 선수가 환상적인 호흡을 맞추며 경기했습니다.

Neutral/Sports

"말이 통하다"

— For words to pass through. Means to have good communication/interaction.

우리는 처음 만났는데도 말이 잘 통했어요.

Casual

"발을 맞추다"

— To keep step with someone. To interact and coordinate actions.

변화하는 시장 속도에 발을 맞춰야 합니다.

Neutral/Business

"눈을 맞추다"

— To make eye contact. A basic form of human interaction.

아이와 눈을 맞추며 대화하는 것이 중요합니다.

Neutral

"피차일반"

— The same for both parties. Often used when the interaction has put both in the same situation.

도와주지 않은 건 피차일반이니 서로 탓하지 맙시다.

Neutral/Four-character idiom

"상부상조"

— Mutual help and support. A positive form of social interaction.

이웃끼리 상부상조하며 삽시다.

Formal/Four-character idiom

"역지사지"

— To think from the other person's perspective. Essential for healthy interaction.

상호작용을 잘 하려면 역지사지의 마음이 필요해요.

Formal/Four-character idiom

Leicht verwechselbar

상호작용 vs 소통 (Communication)

Both involve people connecting.

소통 is specifically about the flow of information and understanding. 상호작용 includes physical, chemical, and behavioral influence that doesn't necessarily involve 'meaning'.

우리는 소통이 잘 돼요 (We communicate well). vs 우리는 상호작용이 활발해요 (Our interaction is active).

상호작용 vs 교류 (Exchange)

Both involve a two-way process.

교류 emphasizes the 'trading' of things (culture, money, goods). 상호작용 emphasizes the 'effect' entities have on each other.

문화 교류 (Cultural exchange) vs 문화적 상호작용 (Cultural interaction).

상호작용 vs 관계 (Relationship)

Interaction happens within a relationship.

관계 is the state or bond between things. 상호작용 is the actual activity or process happening between them.

좋은 관계 (Good relationship) vs 좋은 상호작용 (Good interaction).

상호작용 vs 반응 (Reaction)

Interaction is made up of reactions.

반응 is a one-way response (Action -> Reaction). 상호작용 is the whole loop (Action <-> Reaction).

그의 반응 (His reaction) vs 그들의 상호작용 (Their interaction).

상호작용 vs 협력 (Cooperation)

Interaction is needed for cooperation.

협력 is working together for a goal. 상호작용 is neutral; it can be positive, negative, or just a process.

팀의 협력 (Team cooperation) vs 팀원 간의 상호작용 (Interaction between team members).

Satzmuster

[Noun]과 [Noun]의 상호작용

개와 고양이의 상호작용

[Noun] 간의 상호작용이 중요하다

가족 간의 상호작용이 중요하다.

상호작용을 통해 [Verb]

상호작용을 통해 이해하게 되었다.

[Adjective] 상호작용이 일어나다

활발한 상호작용이 일어났다.

상호작용을 촉진하기 위해 [Clause]

상호작용을 촉진하기 위해 게임을 했다.

[Noun]은 [Noun]과의 상호작용의 산물이다

예술은 작가와 독자와의 상호작용의 산물이다.

상호작용 방식의 변화에 따라 [Clause]

상호작용 방식의 변화에 따라 사회도 변한다.

[Abstract Noun] 간의 유기적 상호작용

전통과 현대 간의 유기적 상호작용.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

상호작용 (interaction)

상호관계 (interrelationship)

상호의존 (interdependence)

작용 (action/effect)

부작용 (side effect)

Verben

상호작용하다 (to interact)

작용하다 (to act/work)

반작용하다 (to react)

Adjektive

상호작용적 (interactive)

상호적인 (mutual)

일방적인 (one-sided - antonymous adjective)

Verwandt

소통 (communication)

교류 (exchange)

연결 (connection)

영향 (influence)

반응 (reaction)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

High in professional and educational settings; Medium in daily casual speech.

Häufige Fehler

상호작용을 이야기하다 → 상호작용에 대해 이야기하다
You don't 'talk interaction'; you 'talk about interaction'. Use '에 대해' (about).
사람의 상호작용 → 사람들 간의 상호작용
Since interaction requires at least two entities, using the plural '사람들' (people) and '간의' (between) is much more natural.
상호작용을 먹다 → 상호작용이 있다/하다
This is a literal translation error from some languages. Interaction is not 'consumed'; it 'exists' or is 'done'.
일방적인 상호작용 → 일방적인 작용 / 소통의 부재
'상호' means mutual. 'One-sided mutual action' is a contradiction. Use 'one-sided action' or 'lack of communication'.
상호작용이 빠르다 (for a person) → 반응이 빠르다
If a person responds quickly, use '반응' (reaction). '상호작용' is for the whole process, not a single person's speed.

Tipps

Learn the Root

If you learn '상호' (mutual) and '작용' (action), you can understand dozens of other words like '상호의존' (interdependence) and '부작용' (side effect).

Use -간의

To sound like a pro, use '-간의' (between) instead of just '와' (and). 'A와 B 간의 상호작용' is the gold standard for formal writing.

Professional Settings

Use this word in business meetings when discussing customer engagement or team dynamics. It shows high-level Korean proficiency.

Adjective Pairing

Always try to pair it with an adjective like '활발한' (active) or '지속적인' (continuous) to make your sentences more descriptive.

Pronunciation Check

The 'ng' sounds in 'Sang' and 'Yong' are important. Don't drop them, or the word will sound like 'Saho-jakyo', which is incorrect.

News Keywords

This is a frequent keyword in news reports about the economy, social issues, and science. Listen for it to understand the main topic.

Social Harmony

Remember that in Korea, interaction often implies social harmony. A 'lack of interaction' is often seen as a social problem.

Hanja Study

Write out the Hanja 相互作用 once. Seeing the visual representation of 'mutual' and 'action' helps the word stick in your long-term memory.

Feedback Loops

Think of 상호작용 as a loop. Action -> Response -> Action. This mental image will help you use the word correctly for systems.

Don't Over-Formalize

Avoid using it with your very close friends or younger siblings in casual talk; it can sound like you're lecturing them.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of the 'S' and 'H' in 'Sang-Ho' as 'Sharing' and 'Helping' back and forth. 'Jakyong' sounds like 'Jack' and 'Yong' (a dragon). Imagine Jack and a Dragon interacting—Jack gives a snack, the Dragon gives a ride. Mutual action!

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize two gears interlocking. When one turns, the other must turn in response. This is the physical embodiment of 상호작용.

Word Web

Social Media Chemistry Teacher-Student User Interface Ecosystem Relationship Feedback Physics

Herausforderung

Try to use 상호작용 in three different ways today: once about a person you met, once about an app you used, and once about a natural process you saw.

Wortherkunft

상호작용 is a Sino-Korean word composed of four Hanja characters. 相互作用. '상' (相) means 'each other' or 'mutual', '호' (互) also means 'mutual' or 'reciprocal', '작' (作) means 'to make' or 'to do', and '용' (用) means 'to use' or 'to function'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The combination literally means 'the process of mutual functioning' or 'acting upon each other'.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based Korean vocabulary).

Kultureller Kontext

There are no major sensitivities, but using it to describe people as if they are objects or machines can sound cold if not careful.

English speakers might use 'interaction' casually ('I had a brief interaction with the clerk'). In Korean, using '상호작용' for such a casual event sounds very formal; '대화' or '접촉' might be better.

Symbolic Interactionism (상징적 상호작용론) - A major sociological theory discussed in Korean universities. Interaction Design (인터랙션 디자인) - Often used interchangeably with 상호작용 디자인 in tech hubs like Pangyo. Fundamental Interactions (기본 상호작용) - The four forces of physics taught in high school science.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Education

선생님과의 상호작용
학생들 간의 상호작용
상호작용 중심 수업
활발한 질문과 상호작용

Technology

사용자 상호작용 디자인
실시간 상호작용 기능
직관적인 상호작용
상호작용 오류

Science/Medicine

약물 상호작용 주의
물질 간의 상호작용
기본 상호작용 (Physics)
생태계의 상호작용

Sociology/Psychology

사회적 상호작용 이론
인간관계의 상호작용
비언어적 상호작용
상호작용 능력 향상

Business/Marketing

고객과의 상호작용
브랜드 상호작용 전략
팀원 간의 상호작용
상호작용 데이터 분석

Gesprächseinstiege

"온라인 수업에서 학생들과의 상호작용을 어떻게 늘릴 수 있을까요?"

"새로운 앱을 써봤는데, 사용자 상호작용이 정말 부드럽더라고요."

"아이의 발달을 위해 부모와의 상호작용이 얼마나 중요하다고 생각하세요?"

"팀 프로젝트를 할 때 팀원들 간의 상호작용이 잘 안 되면 힘들죠."

"요즘은 사람보다 기계와의 상호작용이 더 많은 것 같아요."

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 하루 동안 내가 타인과 가졌던 가장 의미 있는 상호작용은 무엇이었나요?

기술이 발전하면서 우리의 상호작용 방식이 어떻게 변했는지 적어보세요.

내가 사용하는 전자기기 중 상호작용이 가장 뛰어난 것은 무엇이며 그 이유는 무엇인가요?

건강한 인간관계를 위해 상호작용에서 가장 중요한 요소는 무엇이라고 생각하나요?

자연 속에서 관찰할 수 있는 상호작용의 예시를 하나 골라 설명해 보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It depends. If you mean 'we talk well,' then '소통' is better. If you are talking about how a user uses an app or how chemicals mix, you must use '상호작용'. '소통' is mostly for human communication.

Yes, but it sounds formal. In casual settings, people say '서로 영향을 주다' (give influence to each other) or '함께 하다'. In a presentation, '상호작용하다' is perfect.

It means 'drug interaction.' It's what happens when you take two different medicines and they affect each other, sometimes causing side effects. Doctors use this term often.

Not exactly a slang version, but '케미' (from 'chemistry') is often used to describe good interaction or 'vibe' between people, especially in entertainment.

Absolutely. It's the standard scientific term for how animals interact with each other and their environment in biology.

Use '-와의' (with) or '-간의' (between). For example: '친구와의 상호작용' or '친구들 간의 상호작용'.

No, it's neutral. An interaction can be '부정적인 상호작용' (negative interaction), such as two people constantly arguing or two chemicals causing an explosion.

It's a modern Sino-Korean term. It became widely used in the mid-20th century as sociology and modern psychology were introduced to Korea.

It sounds a bit clinical. If you say '우리 상호작용이 좋아,' it sounds like you're analyzing the relationship from the outside. Better to say '우리는 잘 맞아' (We are a good match).

Yes. '상호작용성' is the noun form used to describe the degree to which something (like a website or game) is interactive.

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