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A1 noun #3,000 सबसे आम 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

کتابخانه

Library; a building or room containing a collection of books.

ketabkhaneh
At the A1 level, 'کتابخانه' (ketābxāne) is introduced as a basic noun representing a 'library.' Students learn it alongside other common places like 'school' (madrese) and 'house' (xāne). The focus is on simple identification and location. You will learn to say 'This is a library' (In yek ketābxāne ast) or 'The library is big' (Ketābxāne bozorg ast). The word is easy to remember because it combines 'ketāb' (book), which is one of the first words learned, with 'xāne' (house). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar; just focus on recognizing the word in a sentence and knowing that it's a place where books are kept. You might also learn the phrase 'to the library' (be ketābxāne) to describe movement. The goal is to be able to ask for the library's location or state that you are going there to study.
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'کتابخانه' in more descriptive and functional ways. You will learn to use adjectives to describe the library, such as 'quiet' (sāket), 'old' (qadimi), or 'new' (jadid). You will also start using the word with basic past and future tenses. For example, 'I went to the library yesterday' (Man diruz be ketābxāne raftam). You might also learn about 'membership' (ozviyat) and 'library cards' (kārt-e ketābxāne). At this level, you should be able to describe what you do at the library: 'I read books in the library' (Man dar ketābxāne ketāb mixānam). You are also introduced to the concept of 'borrowing' (amānat gereftan), though the phrasing might still be simple. The word becomes a part of your daily routine vocabulary.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B1 level, 'کتابخانه' is used in more complex sentence structures, including relative clauses and compound sentences. You will discuss the library as a resource for research and self-improvement. You'll learn specific vocabulary related to library services, such as 'reference section' (baxš-e marja') and 'librarian' (ketābdār). You might talk about the rules of the library, like 'silence' (sokut) and 'due dates' (mohlat-e bargasht). At this stage, you can express opinions about libraries: 'I think every neighborhood should have a well-equipped library' (Be nazar-e man har mahalle bāyad yek ketābxāne-ye mojah-haz dāšte bāšad). You also begin to distinguish between different types of libraries, like 'public' (omumi) versus 'university' (dānešgāhi) libraries.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B2 level, you use 'کتابخانه' in abstract and professional contexts. You might discuss the role of libraries in preserving national culture or the impact of digital technology on traditional libraries. You will encounter the word in academic texts and news reports. You should be comfortable using the word in debates about education and public funding. For example, 'The government should invest more in digital libraries to bridge the educational gap.' You will also learn idiomatic expressions or more formal synonyms like 'ganjine' (treasury) when referring to historical collections. Your understanding of the word now includes its metaphorical use as a 'house of knowledge.' You can also handle technical discussions about 'library management systems' or 'archival science.'
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, 'کتابخانه' is discussed within the framework of codicology, history, and social science. You will read about the history of famous Persian libraries like the one in Gondishapur or the Samanid library in Bukhara. You will use the word to discuss complex topics like 'manuscript preservation' (negehdāri-ye nosxe-hā-ye xatti) and 'intellectual property.' Your vocabulary will include highly specialized terms like 'bibliographical' (ketāb-šenāxti) and 'curation.' You can analyze the architectural significance of libraries in Islamic civilization. At this level, 'کتابخانه' is not just a place but a symbol of the 'Persianate' intellectual tradition. You are expected to use the word fluently in academic writing and high-level cultural discourse.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C2 level, your mastery of 'کتابخانه' is complete, encompassing its most obscure historical references and its cutting-edge digital applications. You can discuss the philosophical implications of 'the library' as a concept, perhaps referencing Borges or Persian philosophers' views on the categorization of knowledge. You understand the nuances of how the term is used in classical Persian poetry versus modern legal documents regarding national archives. You can lead seminars on 'library science' (ketābdāri) or write comprehensive critiques of national literacy policies. The word is a tool for deep intellectual exploration, and you can use it with perfect precision in any register, from the most colloquial to the most formal and archaic.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

کتابخانه 30 सेकंड में

  • Ketābxāne means library, combining 'ketāb' (book) and 'xāne' (house).
  • It is a central word for education, research, and cultural preservation in Persian.
  • It can refer to public buildings, university archives, or personal bookshelves.
  • Commonly used with verbs like 'raftan' (go) and 'amānat gereftan' (borrow).

The Persian word کتابخانه (pronounced ketābxāne) is a compound noun that serves as the cornerstone for any discussion regarding literacy, education, and the preservation of knowledge in the Persian-speaking world. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'library.' However, to truly understand its weight, one must look at its components: ketāb (book), a word of Arabic origin that has become deeply integrated into Persian, and xāne (house/home), a quintessential Persian suffix denoting a place or dwelling. Thus, a کتابخانه is literally a 'house of books.'

Literal Architecture
The term suggests a sanctuary where books reside, emphasizing the Persian cultural reverence for the written word as a living entity that requires its own home.
Functional Scope
It encompasses everything from a small personal bookshelf in a bedroom to the massive, ornate National Library of Iran (Ketābxāne-ye Melli).
Symbolic Weight
In Persian literature, the library is often a metaphor for the mind or the collective memory of a civilization, representing the bridge between past wisdom and future discovery.

من دیروز تمام بعدازظهر را در کتابخانه مرکزی شهر گذراندم تا برای امتحان نهایی درس بخوانم.

— Example: I spent all yesterday afternoon in the city's central library to study for the final exam.

Historically, libraries in the Persianate world were not just storage facilities; they were vibrant centers of translation, calligraphy, and scientific debate. From the legendary House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) which drew heavily on Persian scholars, to the grand libraries of the Safavid era, the کتابخانه has always been a site of prestige. When you use this word today, you are tapping into a lineage of scholarship that spans millennia. In a modern context, it also refers to digital libraries and software libraries in programming, showing the word's adaptability.

او یک کتابخانه شخصی بزرگ با بیش از هزار جلد کتاب نایاب دارد.

— Example: He has a large personal library with over a thousand volumes of rare books.
Public vs. Private
Public libraries (Ketābxāne-ye Omumi) are essential community hubs, while private collections (Ketābxāne-ye Šaxsi) are marks of intellectual status.

Furthermore, the word evokes a specific sensory experience in the Persian mind: the smell of old paper (kāqaz-e qadimi), the heavy silence (sokut-e sangin), and the rows of neatly organized spines. It is a place of refuge from the chaotic noise of the bazaar or the modern street. In academic circles, 'Ketābxāne' is synonymous with research; one does not simply 'read' in a library, one 'investigates' (tahqiq kardan).

آیا این کتابخانه بخش کتاب‌های خطی هم دارد؟

— Example: Does this library also have a section for manuscripts?
Modern Usage
In the age of the internet, 'Ketābxāne-ye Digital' is becoming increasingly common, referring to online databases and e-book repositories.

To summarize, 'کتابخانه' is more than just a building; it is the physical manifestation of the Persian pursuit of 'Dāneš' (knowledge).

Using the word کتابخانه correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common associations. In Persian, nouns are relatively straightforward, but the way they interact with verbs and prepositions can change the nuance of your sentence. Whether you are a beginner asking for directions or an advanced student discussing archival research, these patterns are essential.

1. Basic Sentence Construction

At the A1-A2 level, you will mostly use 'کتابخانه' with simple verbs like raftan (to go), budan (to be), and dāštan (to have). Because it is a place, it often follows the preposition در (dar - in) or به (be - to).

  • Direction: من به کتابخانه می‌روم. (I am going to the library.)
  • Location: کتابخانه کجاست؟ (Where is the library?)
  • Possession: این مدرسه کتابخانه ندارد. (This school does not have a library.)

2. Compound Verbs and Actions

As you progress to B1 and B2, you will encounter more specific actions associated with the library. For example, 'borrowing' a book uses the phrase amānat gereftan (to take as a trust/loan).

شما می‌توانید این کتاب را به مدت دو هفته از کتابخانه امانت بگیرید.

— Example: You can borrow this book from the library for a period of two weeks.

3. Describing the Library

Adjectives are crucial for adding detail. Persian adjectives follow the noun they modify, connected by the 'Ezafe' (the short -e sound).

کتابخانه بزرگ
Large library (Physical size)
کتابخانه مجهز
Well-equipped library (Modern facilities)
کتابخانه تخصصی
Specialized library (Subject-specific)
کتابخانه شبانه‌روزی
24-hour library (Open day and night)

4. Formal vs. Informal Contexts

In spoken Persian (Tehrani dialect), the word remains mostly the same, though the final 'e' might be shortened or merged with the next word. In formal writing, ensure you use the full 'Ketābxāne' and avoid slang. If you are referring to a bookshelf at home, you might use 'ketābxāne' or the more specific 'qafase-ye ketāb'.

5. Technical and Digital Usage

In the 21st century, 'کتابخانه' has expanded into the digital realm. If you are a programmer, you will use this word to refer to software libraries (e.g., 'کتابخانه‌های پایتون' - Python libraries). In academic writing, it refers to the bibliography or the collection of sources used.

برای اجرای این پروژه، باید چندین کتابخانه جدید را در محیط برنامه‌نویسی خود نصب کنید.

— Example: To run this project, you must install several new libraries in your programming environment.

Finally, remember that 'کتابخانه' is a collective space. Using it often implies a sense of community and shared resources. When you say 'I'm going to the library,' you are signaling a commitment to focus and learning.

The word کتابخانه is ubiquitous in Iranian society, appearing in settings ranging from academic institutions to everyday street conversations. Understanding where and how you'll encounter this word will help you recognize its various shades of meaning and the cultural expectations attached to it.

1. Educational Environments

This is the most common place to hear the word. From the first day of elementary school (dabestān) to the final years of a PhD (doktorā), students are constantly directed toward the library. You will hear teachers say:

  • "بچه‌ها، برای تحقیق به کتابخانه مدرسه بروید." (Children, go to the school library for research.)
  • "کارت کتابخانه‌ات را گم نکنی!" (Don't lose your library card!)

2. Urban Navigation and Public Announcements

In any major Iranian city like Tehran, Isfahan, or Shiraz, the 'Central Library' (Ketābxāne-ye Markazi) is a landmark. You might hear it on the metro or bus announcements:

ایستگاه بعدی: کتابخانه ملی.

— Announcement: Next station: National Library.

3. Media and News

On the news or in newspapers, 'کتابخانه' often appears in stories about cultural heritage, new book releases, or international book fairs. Journalists might report on the opening of a 'Ketābxāne-ye Sayyār' (mobile library) in remote villages, highlighting the government's efforts to increase literacy.

News Context
"امروز بزرگترین کتابخانه تخصصی هنر در مرکز شهر افتتاح شد." (Today, the largest specialized art library was inaugurated in the city center.)

4. Social and Domestic Life

In Iranian homes, having a 'ketābxāne' is a point of pride. When visiting a friend, they might show you their collection. In this context, it refers to the physical furniture (the bookshelf) as much as the books themselves. You might hear:

5. Digital and Professional Spheres

In the tech-savvy circles of North Tehran or the startup hubs, 'کتابخانه' is frequently used in its English sense of 'library' in programming. Developers will discuss 'کتابخانه‌های متن‌باز' (open-source libraries) during meetings or in online forums like Stack Overflow in Persian.

باید برای پردازش داده‌ها از یک کتابخانه قوی‌تر استفاده کنیم.

— Professional Context: We need to use a stronger library for data processing.

Whether it's the hushed whispers of a student in a 'qerā'at-xāne' (reading room) or a formal speech by the Minister of Culture, the word کتابخانه resonates with the deep-seated Persian respect for learning and the preservation of history.

Even for advanced learners, the word کتابخانه can sometimes be tricky due to its specific cultural usage and its similarity to other words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Persian sound more natural and precise.

1. Confusing Library with Bookstore

This is the #1 mistake made by English speakers. In English, 'library' and 'bookstore' are distinct, but learners often mix up کتابخانه (library) and کتاب‌فروشی (ketābforuši - bookstore). Remember: you go to a ketābforuši to buy a book and keep it, but you go to a ketābxāne to borrow it or study there.

Incorrect: من این کتاب را از کتابخانه خریدم.
Correct: من این کتاب را از کتاب‌فروشی خریدم.

— Mistake: Saying you 'bought' a book from a library.

2. Misusing the Suffix '-xāne'

While '-xāne' means house, you cannot use it for every building. For example, a 'school' is madrese, not 'dars-xāne' (though that word existed historically). Stick to the established compound nouns. Similarly, don't confuse 'کتابخانه' with 'قرائت‌خانه' (qerā'at-xāne). A qerā'at-xāne is specifically a 'reading room' within a library or a community center where people go just to read newspapers or study, often without the vast collection of books a full library has.

3. Pronunciation and Spelling Errors

Learners sometimes forget the 'x' (خ) sound, pronouncing it like a simple 'h'. It should be a soft guttural sound, like the 'ch' in the Scottish 'loch'. Also, in writing, ensure the 'h' at the end of 'xāne' (خانه) is written as a 'silent he' (ه), not a 't' or 'a'.

Spelling Tip
It is 'کتابخانه' (one word), not 'کتاب خانه' (two words), although both are technically readable, the compound form is standard.

4. Preposition Pitfalls

When saying 'at the library,' use در (dar). Using nazd-e (near/with) is usually reserved for people. If you say 'من نزد کتابخانه هستم,' it sounds like you are standing next to the building, not inside using its services.

5. Pluralization Confusion

The plural of 'کتابخانه' is 'کتابخانه‌ها' (ketābxānehā). Some learners try to use the Arabic plural 'kutub' for books within the word, but 'ketābxāne' follows Persian pluralization rules. Avoid saying 'kutubxāne' unless you are reading very archaic or specialized classical texts.

بسیاری از کتابخانه‌ها در روزهای تعطیل بسته هستند.

— Correct Plural: Many libraries are closed on holidays.

By keeping these distinctions in mind, you will navigate the world of Persian books with the precision of a seasoned scholar.

To expand your vocabulary beyond کتابخانه, it is helpful to look at related terms that describe places of learning, book storage, and literary activity. Persian has a rich set of synonyms and near-synonyms that offer different shades of meaning.

1. Synonyms and Near-Synonyms

قرائت‌خانه (Qerā'at-xāne)
Literally 'reading house.' This is often a specific room within a library or a smaller community space dedicated solely to quiet reading and study. It lacks the extensive 'stacks' or archives of a full library.
مخزن (Maxzan)
Meaning 'reservoir' or 'storehouse.' In a library context, the maxzan refers specifically to the stacks where books are kept, especially those not accessible to the general public.
آرشیو (Āršiv)
Borrowed from French, this refers to an archive. While a library focuses on books for reading, an archive focuses on historical documents, records, and primary sources.

2. Related Places

Understanding the ecosystem of books helps clarify the role of the library.

  • کتاب‌فروشی (Ketābforuši): Bookstore. A commercial establishment.
  • انتشارات (Entešārāt): Publishing house. Where books are made.
  • دکه روزنامه‌فروشی (Dak-ke-ye ruznāme-foruši): Newsstand. Where you buy periodicals.

من معمولاً در قرائت‌خانه مطالعه می‌کنم چون آنجا ساکت‌تر است.

— Usage: I usually study in the reading room because it is quieter there.

3. Furniture and Storage

If you are talking about the physical object in your room, you might use these terms:

قفسه کتاب (Qafase-ye ketāb)
Bookshelf (a single shelf or unit)
ویترین (Vitrin)
Display case (often for rare books)

4. Action-Oriented Words

Words related to the *act* of using a library:

  • کتابداری (Ketābdāri): Librarianship (the profession).
  • فهرست‌نویسی (Fehrest-nevisi): Cataloging.
  • نسخه‌شناسی (Nosxe-šenāsi): Codicology (the study of manuscripts).

او در رشته کتابداری تحصیل کرده و اکنون در کتابخانه ملی کار می‌کند.

— Example: She studied librarianship and now works at the National Library.

By learning these similar words, you gain a 360-degree view of how 'کتابخانه' fits into the broader Persian linguistic landscape.

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

""

अनौपचारिक

""

बोलचाल

""

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

این کتابخانه بزرگ است.

This library is big.

Simple subject-adjective-verb structure.

2

کتابخانه کجاست؟

Where is the library?

Basic question word 'kojāst'.

3

من به کتابخانه می‌روم.

I am going to the library.

Present continuous tense with 'be' (to).

4

او در کتابخانه است.

He/She is in the library.

Preposition 'dar' (in).

5

کتابخانه کتاب دارد.

The library has books.

Simple verb 'dāštan' (to have).

6

این کتابخانه ساکت است.

This library is quiet.

Adjective 'sāket' (quiet).

7

کتابخانه مدرسه کوچک است.

The school library is small.

Ezafe construction 'ketābxāne-ye madrese'.

8

من کتابخانه را دوست دارم.

I like the library.

Direct object marker 'rā'.

1

دیروز به کتابخانه رفتم.

I went to the library yesterday.

Simple past tense.

2

آیا شما کارت کتابخانه دارید؟

Do you have a library card?

Compound noun 'kārt-e ketābxāne'.

3

کتابخانه ساعت نه باز می‌شود.

The library opens at nine o'clock.

Passive/Intransitive verb 'bāz šodan'.

4

من باید کتاب را به کتابخانه برگردانم.

I must return the book to the library.

Modal verb 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

5

در این کتابخانه کتاب‌های زیادی هست.

There are many books in this library.

Plural 'ketābhā' and 'ziyādi' (many).

6

کتابخانه نزدیک خانه ماست.

The library is near our house.

Adjective 'nazdik' (near).

7

او هر روز در کتابخانه درس می‌خواند.

He studies in the library every day.

Habitual present tense.

8

کتابخانه جدید شهر بسیار مجهز است.

The city's new library is very well-equipped.

Adjective 'mojah-haz' (equipped).

1

من معمولاً کتاب‌هایم را از کتابخانه عمومی امانت می‌گیرم.

I usually borrow my books from the public library.

Compound verb 'amānat gereftan'.

2

اگر به کتابخانه بروی، می‌توانی منابع خوبی پیدا کنی.

If you go to the library, you can find good sources.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

3

کتابخانه‌ای که من می‌روم، بخش کودکان خیلی خوبی دارد.

The library that I go to has a very good children's section.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

4

او به عنوان کتابدار در کتابخانه دانشگاه کار می‌کند.

She works as a librarian at the university library.

Job title 'ketābdār'.

5

ساعت کار کتابخانه در ایام امتحانات افزایش می‌یابد.

The library's working hours increase during exam periods.

Formal verb 'afzāyeš yāftan'.

6

کتابخانه ملی ایران یکی از بزرگترین کتابخانه‌های خاورمیانه است.

The National Library of Iran is one of the largest libraries in the Middle East.

Superlative 'bozorgtarin'.

7

قبل از رفتن به کتابخانه، باید در سایت ثبت‌نام کنید.

Before going to the library, you must register on the website.

Prepositional phrase 'qabl az'.

8

استفاده از اینترنت در این کتابخانه رایگان است.

Using the internet in this library is free.

Gerund 'estefāde' (using).

1

کتابخانه‌ها نقش حیاتی در حفظ میراث فرهنگی یک ملت دارند.

Libraries play a vital role in preserving a nation's cultural heritage.

Abstract noun 'mirās-e farhangi'.

2

با گسترش تکنولوژی، مفهوم کتابخانه سنتی در حال تغییر است.

With the expansion of technology, the concept of the traditional library is changing.

Present progressive 'dar hāl-e taqyir'.

3

بسیاری از محققان ترجیح می‌دهند در کتابخانه‌های تخصصی تحقیق کنند.

Many researchers prefer to conduct research in specialized libraries.

Verb 'tarjih dādan' (to prefer).

4

کتابخانه دیجیتال دسترسی به منابع علمی را برای همه آسان کرده است.

The digital library has made access to scientific resources easy for everyone.

Present perfect 'āsān karde ast'.

5

مدیریت بهینه کتابخانه نیازمند بودجه و برنامه‌ریزی دقیق است.

Optimal library management requires budget and precise planning.

Formal adjective 'be-hine' (optimal).

6

او تمام وقت خود را وقف غنی‌سازی کتابخانه شخصی‌اش کرده است.

He has dedicated all his time to enriching his personal library.

Compound noun 'qani-sāzi' (enrichment).

7

قوانین کتابخانه باید به گونه‌ای باشد که آرامش مراجعین حفظ شود.

Library rules should be such that the peace of the visitors is maintained.

Subjunctive passive 'hefz šavad'.

8

این کتابخانه به دلیل داشتن نسخه‌های خطی نادر شهرت جهانی دارد.

This library is world-famous for having rare manuscripts.

Reasoning phrase 'be dalil-e'.

1

کتابخانه آستان قدس رضوی گنجینه‌ای بی‌نظیر از آثار اسلامی است.

The Astan Quds Razavi Library is a unique treasury of Islamic works.

Specific proper noun 'Āstān Quds'.

2

تحول کتابخانه‌ها از مخازن کتاب به مراکز تعامل اجتماعی مشهود است.

The transformation of libraries from book repositories to centers of social interaction is evident.

Formal noun 'tahavvol' (transformation).

3

فهرست‌نویسی دقیق، ستون فقرات هر کتابخانه کارآمدی محسوب می‌شود.

Accurate cataloging is considered the backbone of any efficient library.

Metaphor 'sotun-e faqarat' (backbone).

4

پژوهش در کتابخانه‌های بریتانیا نیازمند تسلط بر متون کهن است.

Research in British libraries requires mastery over ancient texts.

Formal noun 'tasallot' (mastery).

5

کتابخانه‌های عمومی باید به عنوان سنگر مبارزه با بی‌سوادی تقویت شوند.

Public libraries must be strengthened as bastions in the fight against illiteracy.

Metaphor 'sangar' (bastion/trench).

6

دیجیتال‌سازی منابع در کتابخانه‌ها، گامی بلند در جهت دموکراتیزه کردن دانش است.

Digitizing resources in libraries is a long step toward democratizing knowledge.

Complex compound 'demokrātize kardan'.

7

معماری کتابخانه باید بازتاب‌دهنده هویت فرهنگی و تاریخی جامعه باشد.

Library architecture should reflect the cultural and historical identity of the society.

Participle 'bāztāb-dahande' (reflecting).

8

عدم تخصیص بودجه کافی، بقای بسیاری از کتابخانه‌های کوچک را تهدید می‌کند.

Lack of sufficient budget allocation threatens the survival of many small libraries.

Formal phrase 'adam-e taxsis' (non-allocation).

1

کتابخانه در اندیشه بورخس، استعاره‌ای از جهان بی‌کران و هزارتوی دانش است.

In Borges' thought, the library is a metaphor for the infinite universe and the labyrinth of knowledge.

Literary analysis register.

2

بازخوانی تاریخ کتابخانه‌های ایران، پرده از فراز و فرودهای تمدنی ما برمی‌دارد.

Rereading the history of Iranian libraries unveils the ups and downs of our civilization.

Idiomatic 'parde bar-dāštan' (to unveil).

3

کتابخانه نه صرفاً کالبدی فیزیکی، بلکه ساحتی برای تلاقی اندیشه‌های متضاد است.

A library is not merely a physical body, but a realm for the intersection of opposing thoughts.

Philosophical register 'sāhat' (realm).

4

صیانت از نسخ خطی در کتابخانه‌های ملی، وظیفه‌ای خطیر بر عهده دولت‌هاست.

Safeguarding manuscripts in national libraries is a grave duty incumbent upon governments.

Formal 'seyānat' (safeguarding).

5

کتابخانه‌های عصر صفوی، کانون‌های تبلور هنر کتاب‌آرایی و تذهیب بودند.

Safavid-era libraries were centers for the crystallization of the art of bookbinding and illumination.

Historical/Artistic terminology.

6

در عصر پساحقیقت، کتابخانه‌ها باید مرجعیت خود را در راستی‌آزمایی اطلاعات بازیابند.

In the post-truth era, libraries must regain their authority in fact-checking information.

Contemporary sociopolitical register.

7

کتابخانه شخصی هر فرد، آینه‌ای تمام‌نما از سیر تطور فکری اوست.

A person's personal library is a full mirror of the course of their intellectual evolution.

Metaphorical 'āine-ye tamām-namā'.

8

گسست میان کتابخانه‌های دانشگاهی و نیازهای بازار کار، چالشی جدی است.

The rift between university libraries and labor market needs is a serious challenge.

Academic/Economic critique.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

کتابخانه عمومی (public library)
کتابخانه ملی (national library)
کتابخانه دیجیتال (digital library)
کارت کتابخانه (library card)
عضویت در کتابخانه (library membership)
قفسه کتابخانه (library shelf)
مسئول کتابخانه (library manager)
بخش مرجع کتابخانه (library reference section)
کتابخانه تخصصی (specialized library)
کتابخانه شبانه‌روزی (24-hour library)

सामान्य वाक्यांश

رفتن به کتابخانه (going to the library)

امانت گرفتن از کتابخانه (borrowing from the library)

تحقیق در کتابخانه (researching in the library)

سکوت در کتابخانه (silence in the library)

تمدید کتاب در کتابخانه (renewing a book at the library)

گم کردن کارت کتابخانه (losing the library card)

اهدای کتاب به کتابخانه (donating books to the library)

ساعت کار کتابخانه (library opening hours)

جستجو در مخزن کتابخانه (searching the library stacks)

ثبت‌نام در کتابخانه (registering at the library)

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

کتابخانه vs کتاب‌فروشی (Bookstore)

کتابخانه vs قرائت‌خانه (Reading room)

کتابخانه vs آرشیو (Archive)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

کتابخانه vs کتاب‌فروشی

You buy books here; in a library, you borrow them.

کتابخانه vs کتابدار

This is the person (librarian), not the place.

کتابخانه vs کتاب‌خوان

This is the person who reads or an e-reader device.

کتابخانه vs کتابچه

This is a small book/pamphlet.

کتابخانه vs خانه

Just 'house'; needs 'ketāb' to be a library.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

social

A place of prestige and quietude.

digital

In IT, it refers to a collection of pre-written code.

physical

Can refer to the building or the shelf.

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Using 'ketābxāne' when you mean 'bookstore' (ketābforuši).
  • Pronouncing the final 'h' in 'xāne'.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe in 'ketābxāne-ye melli'.
  • Using 'dar' (in) when you should use 'az' (from) for borrowing.
  • Writing it as two separate words: 'کتاب خانه'.

सुझाव

Learn the Suffix

The suffix '-xāne' is used in many words like 'āšpazxāne' (kitchen) and 'čāyxāne' (teahouse).

National Pride

Iranians are very proud of their literary history, so mentioning libraries is a great conversation starter.

Ezafe Link

Always remember the '-e' sound when connecting 'ketābxāne' to its name or an adjective.

The 'X' Sound

Don't say 'h'; make sure you use the 'kh' sound for 'xāne'.

Silence is Key

In Persian libraries, silence (sokut) is strictly enforced and highly valued.

Borrowing

Learn the phrase 'amānat gereftan' early, as it's the primary action in a library.

Coding

If you are a developer, 'ketābxāne' is the word you'll use for libraries like React or NumPy.

Landmarks

Libraries are often central landmarks in Iranian cities; use them for directions.

Formal vs Informal

Write 'ketābxāne' but expect to hear 'ketābxune' in movies.

Ancient Roots

Remember that the concept of a library has been central to Persian culture for over 2,500 years.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine a 'House' (xāne) where 'Books' (ketāb) live. It's the 'Book-House'.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Compound of Arabic 'kitāb' (book) and Persian 'xāne' (house).

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Iran had some of the world's first universities and libraries, such as the Academy of Gondishapur.

Absolute silence is expected. Bringing tea or food inside is usually forbidden.

Many modern Iranian libraries now offer high-speed internet and digital resources, becoming tech hubs.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"کتابخانه مورد علاقه شما کجاست؟ (Where is your favorite library?)"

"آیا شما در کتابخانه درس می‌خوانید؟ (Do you study in the library?)"

"آخرین باری که به کتابخانه رفتید کی بود؟ (When was the last time you went to the library?)"

"به نظر شما کتابخانه‌های دیجیتال بهتر هستند یا سنتی؟ (In your opinion, are digital libraries better or traditional ones?)"

"کتابخانه شخصی شما چند تا کتاب دارد؟ (How many books does your personal library have?)"

डायरी विषय

یک روز خود را در کتابخانه توصیف کنید. (Describe a day of yours in the library.)

چرا کتابخانه‌ها برای جامعه مهم هستند؟ (Why are libraries important for society?)

کتابخانه رویایی شما چگونه است؟ (What is your dream library like?)

تفاوت کتابخانه و کتاب‌فروشی چیست؟ (What is the difference between a library and a bookstore?)

اولین خاطره شما از کتابخانه چیست؟ (What is your first memory of a library?)

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

It is written as one compound word in modern Persian.

You say 'ketābxāne-ye digital'.

A 'ketābxāne' is the whole library; a 'qerā'at-xāne' is just the reading room.

Yes, it is very common to call a home bookshelf a 'ketābxāne'.

Say: 'Mišavad in ketāb rā amānat begiram?'

No, it acts as a vowel marker for 'e'.

Ketābxāne-ye Melli-ye Irān.

Most public libraries require a very small annual membership fee.

Most modern and university libraries in Iran provide Wi-Fi for members.

The word 'ketāb' is Arabic in origin but is a standard part of the Persian language.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

अभ्यास करने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

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