ജനൽ 30 सेकंड में
- Janal is the basic Malayalam word for window, essential for A1 learners to describe houses and travel.
- It is a Portuguese loanword that has become the standard term in modern Malayalam speech and writing.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'thurakkuka' (open) and 'adaikkuka' (close) in daily domestic commands.
- Pluralized as 'janalukal', it features in many compound words like 'janal-kambi' (bars) and 'janal-padi' (sill).
The Malayalam word ജനൽ (Janal) is a quintessential noun in the Malayali household vocabulary, fundamentally referring to a 'window'. While it is a basic architectural feature, its usage in Kerala's context is deeply tied to the tropical climate where ventilation is paramount. A window in a Kerala home isn't just an opening; it is a gateway for the 'Thannutha Kaattu' (cool breeze) and the rhythmic sounds of the monsoon rain. When you use the word Janal, you are describing the physical structure—typically made of wood and glass in modern times, or intricate woodwork in traditional 'Tharavadu' architecture. It is an A1-level word, making it one of the first nouns a learner should master to navigate daily life and household descriptions in Malayalam.
- Etymological Root
- The word is a loanword from the Portuguese 'Janela', reflecting the historical colonial influence on the Malabar coast. Over centuries, it was naturally assimilated into Malayalam, replacing or standing alongside more archaic terms like 'vathayanam'.
ഈ മുറിയിൽ ഒരു വലിയ ജനൽ ഉണ്ട്. (Ee muriyil oru valiya janal undu.) - There is a big window in this room.
In conversation, Janal is used both literally and figuratively. Literally, you will hear it in commands like 'Janal thurakkoo' (Open the window) or 'Janal adaikku' (Close the window). Figuratively, it can refer to a perspective or a view into something, though this is more common in literary Malayalam. The word is versatile; it can be modified by adjectives to describe size (valiya - big, cheriya - small), material (marathinte - wooden, chillu - glass), or state ( کھുറന്ന - open, adacha - closed). Understanding Janal is essential because it forms the basis for more complex spatial descriptions in the language.
- Usage in Daily Life
- Malayalis often talk about 'Janal kambi' (window bars), which are a distinct feature of Indian homes for security. Cleaning the window is 'Janal thudaikkuka'.
ജനൽ വഴി നോക്കൂ, മഴ പെയ്യുന്നു. (Janal vazhi nokkoo, mazha peyyunnu.) - Look through the window, it is raining.
Furthermore, the word appears frequently in train travel contexts. The 'Janal-seatu' (window seat) is the most coveted spot on Kerala's scenic train routes. If you are booking a ticket or asking someone to swap seats, you will inevitably use this word. It is also used in the context of computer 'windows', though the English word is more common in tech, the concept of a 'window' as a frame for viewing remains consistent.
Using 'Janal' correctly involves understanding its role as a neuter noun and how it interacts with verbs and postpositions. In Malayalam, nouns do not change based on gender, but they do change based on case. For instance, if you want to say 'through the window', you add the postposition 'vazhi' to get 'Janal vazhi'. If you want to say 'on the window', you say 'Janalil'. These grammatical nuances are what transform a simple vocabulary word into a functional tool for communication.
- Direct Object Usage
- When the window is the object of an action, it often takes the accusative suffix '-e'. For example, 'Janale nokkoo' (Look at the window).
അവൻ ജനൽ തുറന്നു. (Avan janal thurannu.) - He opened the window.
The plural form of Janal is 'Janalukal'. In Malayalam, adding '-ukal' is the standard way to pluralize inanimate objects. So, 'Janalukal adaikku' means 'Close the windows'. When describing the position of something relative to the window, you use 'aduthu' (near). 'Janalinte aduthu' means 'near the window'. Notice how 'Janal' becomes 'Janalinte' (genitive case) when followed by a postposition like 'aduthu'. This is a crucial step for learners moving from A1 to A2 levels.
- Compound Words
- Malayalam loves compounds. 'Janal-chillu' refers to window glass, while 'Janal-padi' refers to the window sill.
പൂച്ച ജനൽപടിയിൽ ഇരിക്കുന്നു. (Poocha janalpadiyil irikkunnu.) - The cat is sitting on the window sill.
In more complex sentences, 'Janal' can be part of a relative clause. For example, 'Njan thuranna janal' means 'The window that I opened'. This demonstrates how the word integrates into the SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) structure of Malayalam. Whether you are asking for a 'Janal-seat' on a bus or telling a child to stay away from the 'Janal-kambi', the word remains a stable and predictable part of the sentence structure.
If you are in Kerala, you will hear 'Janal' in a variety of settings. The most common is the domestic environment. In the mornings, mothers often say, 'Ellam janalukalum thurakkoo, nalla kaattu varatte' (Open all the windows, let the good breeze come). This reflects the importance of cross-ventilation in the humid Kerala climate. You will also hear it at construction sites or when discussing interior design. Architects and carpenters will discuss 'Janal-inte alavu' (the measurement of the window) or the type of wood ('thekku' or teak) used for the 'Janal-kathaku' (window shutter).
- Public Transport
- In KSRTC buses or Indian Railway trains, passengers often argue about the window. 'Janal tharakkamo?' (Can you open the window?) or 'Janal idamo?' (Can you put down the window/shutter?) are common phrases heard during travel.
ട്രെയിനിലെ ജനൽ സീറ്റ് എനിക്ക് ഇഷ്ടമാണ്. (Trainile janal seat enikku ishtamanu.) - I like the window seat in the train.
In Malayalam cinema and literature, the window is a frequent motif for longing or observation. You might hear characters in a romantic movie say they were 'looking out the Janal' waiting for someone. In school settings, teachers might tell students, 'Janalil koode purathekku nokkaruthe' (Don't look outside through the window), a classic instruction to keep kids focused on the blackboard. The word is so ubiquitous that it is rarely replaced by its synonyms in common speech.
- News and Weather
- During heavy rain alerts on Malayalam news channels, you might hear advice like 'Janalukal nannayi adakkuka' (Close windows properly) to protect against strong winds.
കാറ്റ് വരുമ്പോൾ ജനൽ അടയുന്നു. (Kaattu varumpol janal adayunnu.) - The window closes when the wind comes.
Finally, in the digital age, while 'Windows' (the OS) is referred to by its English name, the concept of a 'pop-up window' or a 'browser window' is sometimes translated or explained using 'Janal' in educational tech content. However, for a learner, the physical home/transport context remains the most likely place to encounter this word.
For English speakers, the most common mistake is confusing 'Janal' (window) with 'Vathil' (door). While they are both openings in a wall, they are never interchangeable in Malayalam. Another frequent error is the pronunciation of the final 'l'. In Malayalam, the 'l' in Janal is the dental 'la' (ല), which is softer than the English 'l'. Learners often over-emphasize it, making it sound like 'Janallu', which is incorrect. The 'l' should be crisp and short.
- Grammatical Errors
- Using the wrong case ending is common. Learners might say 'Janal vazhi' when they mean 'Janalil'. 'Vazhi' means 'through', while 'il' means 'on/in'. If you want to say something is on the window, 'Janalil' is correct. If you are looking through it, 'Janal vazhi' is the one.
തെറ്റ്: വാതിൽ വഴി നോക്കൂ. (Vathil vazhi nokkoo - Incorrect if you mean window). ശരി: ജനൽ വഴി നോക്കൂ. (Janal vazhi nokkoo - Correct).
Another mistake is with pluralization. Some learners try to apply English rules and say 'Janals', but the correct Malayalam plural is 'Janalukal'. Additionally, when using the word in a sentence like 'The window is open', learners often forget that Malayalam doesn't always require a 'to be' verb. 'Janal thurannu' can mean 'The window opened' or 'The window is open' depending on the context and the specific verb form used (thurannittundu vs thurannu).
- Verb Pairing
- Confusing 'thurakkuka' (to open) and 'adaikkuka' (to close) is a general beginner problem that frequently affects the usage of 'Janal'. Practice these as a pair.
തെറ്റ്: ജനൽ തുറക്കുക (Janal thurakkuka - as a command, it should be 'thurakkoo').
Lastly, avoid using the English word 'Window' unless you are specifically talking about Microsoft Windows. While many English words have seeped into Malayalam, 'Janal' is so basic and universally known that using the English equivalent in a Malayalam sentence can sound unnatural or overly 'posh' in a way that breaks the flow of conversation.
While 'Janal' is the most common word, Malayalam has several alternatives depending on the context and the level of formality. The most poetic or literary alternative is വാതായനം (Vathayanam). You will find this word in classical poetry, old songs, and formal literature. It literally means 'that which allows the wind (Vatha) to pass'. You wouldn't use this when asking someone to open a window in a bus, but you would see it in a novel describing a princess looking out of her palace.
- Comparison: Janal vs. Kilivathil
Janal: Standard window of any size.
Kilivathil: Literally 'bird-door'. Refers to a small, often decorative or functional opening, like a pigeonhole window or a small vent window above a door.
പഴയ തറവാട്ടിൽ ഒരു കിളിവാതിൽ ഉണ്ട്. (Pazhaya tharavattil oru kilivathil undu.) - There is a small vent window in the old ancestral home.
Another related term is കാറ്റാടി (Kaattadi), which sometimes refers to a ventilator or a rotating window fan, though its primary meaning is a windmill or a specific type of tree. In some coastal dialects, you might hear specific terms for openings in fishing huts, but 'Janal' remains the umbrella term. For a learner, distinguishing between 'Janal' and 'Kilivathil' is the first step toward advanced vocabulary.
- Modern Variations
- 'Ventilator' is often used as-is in English-Malayalam code-switching, but the formal word is 'Vatha-ayan-am' or simply 'Kaattuvazhi'.
കവിതയിൽ അവർ വാതായനം എന്ന് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. (Kavithayil avar vathayanam ennu upayogikkunnu.) - In poetry, they use 'Vathayanam'.
When choosing which word to use, always stick with 'Janal' for 99% of daily interactions. Use 'Kilivathil' if you are specifically pointing out a very small window, and keep 'Vathayanam' in your passive vocabulary for when you read Malayalam literature or listen to classical music.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing it as 'Jan-AAL' (long 'a' at the end).
- Using the English 'L' sound which is too heavy.
- Adding a vowel at the end like 'Janala' when not intended.
- Confusing the 'J' sound with a 'Z' sound.
- Making the 'n' sound retroflex (like 'N' in 'burn').
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
ഇതൊരു ജനൽ ആണ്.
This is a window.
Basic 'Subject-Object-Verb' structure with a noun.
ജനൽ തുറക്കൂ.
Open the window.
Imperative form of the verb 'thurakkuka'.
ജനൽ അടയ്ക്കൂ.
Close the window.
Imperative form of the verb 'adaikkuka'.
ജനൽ വലുതാണ്.
The window is big.
Adjective 'valiya' used as a predicate.
അവിടെ ഒരു ജനൽ ഉണ്ട്.
There is a window there.
Use of 'undu' to show existence.
ജനൽ എവിടെ?
Where is the window?
Interrogative sentence using 'evide'.
ഈ ജനൽ ചെറുതാണ്.
This window is small.
Adjective 'cheriya' used as a predicate.
എനിക്ക് ജനൽ സീറ്റ് വേണം.
I want the window seat.
Use of 'venam' to express desire.
അവൻ ജനൽ വഴി നോക്കുന്നു.
He is looking through the window.
Postposition 'vazhi' means 'through'.
ജനൽ അരികിൽ ഇരിക്കൂ.
Sit near the window.
'Arikil' means 'near' or 'beside'.
ഞാൻ ജനൽ തുടയ്ക്കുകയാണ്.
I am cleaning the window.
Present continuous tense 'thudaikkukayanu'.
ജനലിന് അപ്പുറം മരങ്ങൾ ഉണ്ട്.
There are trees beyond the window.
'Appuram' means 'beyond' or 'on the other side'.
ജനൽ കതക് അടയ്ക്കൂ.
Close the window shutter.
Compound noun 'janal-kathaku'.
ഈ മുറിയിൽ രണ്ട് ജനലുകൾ ഉണ്ട്.
There are two windows in this room.
Plural form 'janalukal'.
ജനലിൽ ഒരു കിളി ഇരിക്കുന്നു.
A bird is sitting on the window.
Locative case 'janalil' (on the window).
അമ്മ ജനൽ തുറന്നു.
Mother opened the window.
Past tense 'thurannu'.
മഴ പെയ്യുമ്പോൾ ജനൽ അടയ്ക്കാൻ മറക്കരുത്.
Don't forget to close the window when it rains.
Conditional 'peyyumpol' (when it rains).
ജനലിലൂടെ തണുത്ത കാറ്റ് വരുന്നുണ്ട്.
Cool breeze is coming through the window.
Suffix '-loode' meaning 'through'.
അവൻ ജനൽ ചില്ല് പൊട്ടിച്ചു.
He broke the window glass.
Compound noun 'janal-chillu'.
ജനൽ പടിയിൽ പൂച്ചട്ടികൾ വെക്കാം.
We can keep flower pots on the window sill.
Compound noun 'janal-padi'.
ജനലിന് കമ്പികൾ ഉള്ളത് സുരക്ഷിതമാണ്.
Having bars on the window is safe.
Use of 'ullathu' (having/the fact that there is).
നീ എന്തിനാണ് ജനൽ തുറന്നത്?
Why did you open the window?
Interrogative 'enthinan' (why).
ജനൽ തുറന്നാൽ വെളിച്ചം വരും.
If you open the window, light will come.
Conditional 'thurannal' (if opened).
അവൾ ജനലിലൂടെ പുറത്തേക്ക് നോക്കി നിന്നു.
She stood looking outside through the window.
Compound verb 'nokki ninnu'.
പഴയ വീടുകളിലെ ജനലുകൾക്ക് പ്രത്യേക ഭംഗിയാണ്.
The windows in old houses have a special beauty.
Genitive 'veedukalile' (in the houses).
ജനൽ വിരികൾ മാറ്റേണ്ട സമയം ആയി.
It is time to change the window curtains.
Compound 'janal-virikal' (window curtains/spreads).
കാറ്റത്ത് ജനൽ പാളികൾ കൂട്ടിയിടിക്കുന്നു.
The window shutters are banging together in the wind.
Onomatopoeic feel of 'koottiyidikkunnu'.
ജനൽ തുറന്നിട്ടാൽ കൊതുക് അകത്ത് വരും.
If the window is left open, mosquitoes will come inside.
Compound verb 'thurannittal' (if left open).
ആ ജനൽ ശരിയാക്കാൻ ഒരു ആശാരിയെ വിളിക്കണം.
A carpenter must be called to fix that window.
Use of 'shariyakkan' (to fix/correct).
ജനലിലൂടെയുള്ള കാഴ്ച എന്നെ പഴയ കാര്യങ്ങൾ ഓർമ്മിപ്പിച്ചു.
The view through the window reminded me of old things.
Causative 'ormippichu' (reminded).
വീട് പണിയുമ്പോൾ ജനലുകളുടെ സ്ഥാനം പ്രധാനമാണ്.
The position of windows is important when building a house.
Gerund 'paniyumbol' (while building).
ജനൽ കമ്പിയിൽ തുണി ഉണക്കാൻ ഇടരുത്.
Don't put clothes to dry on the window bars.
Negative imperative 'idaruthe'.
സാഹിത്യത്തിൽ ജനൽ പലപ്പോഴും സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യത്തിന്റെ പ്രതീകമാണ്.
In literature, the window is often a symbol of freedom.
Abstract noun 'pratheekam' (symbol).
അടച്ചിട്ട ജനലുകൾക്ക് പിന്നിൽ ഒരുപാട് രഹസ്യങ്ങൾ ഉണ്ടാകാം.
Behind closed windows, there may be many secrets.
Postposition 'pinnil' (behind).
വാതായനങ്ങൾ തുറന്നിടുന്നത് മനസ്സിന് ഉന്മേഷം നൽകും.
Leaving the windows (literary) open will refresh the mind.
Use of literary synonym 'vathayanam'.
ജനൽ ചില്ലുകളിൽ തട്ടി മഴത്തുള്ളികൾ താഴേക്ക് ഒലിച്ചിറങ്ങി.
Raindrops hit the window panes and flowed downwards.
Descriptive compound verb 'olichirangi'.
പുറംലോകത്തേക്കുള്ള അവന്റെ ഏക ജനൽ ആ പുസ്തകങ്ങളായിരുന്നു.
Those books were his only window to the outside world.
Metaphorical use of 'janal'.
ജനൽ വിടവിലൂടെ സൂര്യപ്രകാശം മുറിയിലേക്ക് അരിച്ചെത്തി.
Sunlight seeped into the room through the window gaps.
Descriptive 'arichethi' (seeped/filtered).
നഗരവൽക്കരണം കാരണം ജനലുകൾക്ക് പകരം എയർകണ്ടീഷണറുകൾ വന്നു.
Due to urbanization, air conditioners came instead of windows.
Use of 'pakaram' (instead of).
ജനൽ പടികളിലെ പൊടി തുടച്ചു നീക്കുന്നത് ഒരു വലിയ ജോലിയാണ്.
Wiping away the dust on window sills is a big task.
Gerund phrase as a subject.
കാലത്തിന്റെ ജനലിലൂടെ നോക്കുമ്പോൾ ചരിത്രം ഒരു നിഴൽ ചിത്രം മാത്രം.
When looking through the window of time, history is but a shadow play.
Highly metaphorical and philosophical structure.
വാതായനങ്ങളുടെ നിർമ്മാണ ശൈലി ഒരു നാടിന്റെ സംസ്കാരത്തെ വിളിച്ചോതുന്നു.
The architectural style of windows proclaims the culture of a land.
Formal verb 'vilichothunnu' (proclaims/announces).
അജ്ഞതയുടെ അടഞ്ഞ ജനലുകൾ വിജ്ഞാനത്തിന്റെ വെളിച്ചത്താൽ തുറക്കപ്പെടട്ടെ.
Let the closed windows of ignorance be opened by the light of knowledge.
Passive voice 'thurakkappadatte' (let it be opened).
ജനൽ പാളികൾക്കിടയിലെ വിടവിലൂടെ അരിച്ചെത്തുന്ന നിലാവ് ഒരു കാവ്യം പോലെയാണ്.
The moonlight filtering through the gaps in the window shutters is like a poem.
Complex descriptive noun phrases.
കെട്ടിട നിർമ്മാണത്തിലെ വാസ്തുവിദ്യയിൽ ജനലുകളുടെ സ്ഥാനം ആഴത്തിൽ ചർച്ച ചെയ്യപ്പെടുന്നു.
The placement of windows is deeply discussed in the architecture of building construction.
Passive present continuous 'charcha cheyyappedunnu'.
മനസ്സിന്റെ ജനലുകൾ തുറന്നിട്ടാൽ മാത്രമേ പുതിയ ആശയങ്ങൾ ഉദിക്കൂ.
Only if the windows of the mind are left open will new ideas arise.
Conditional 'thurannittal mathrame' (only if left open).
ജനൽ ചില്ലിൽ പതിഞ്ഞ തന്റെ പ്രതിബിംബത്തിലേക്ക് അവൻ അന്യനെപ്പോലെ നോക്കി.
He looked at his reflection on the window glass like a stranger.
Reflexive/Descriptive structure.
ഭാഷ ഒരു ജനലാണ്; അത് നമുക്ക് മറ്റൊരു ലോകത്തെ കാണിച്ചുതരുന്നു.
Language is a window; it shows us another world.
Metaphorical definition.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
ജനൽ തുറന്നിടൂ
ജനലിലൂടെ നോക്കൂ
ജനൽ സീറ്റ് കിട്ടിയോ?
ജനൽ അടച്ചോ?
ജനലിന് അരികിൽ ഇരിക്കാം
ജനൽ കതക് ഇടൂ
ജനൽ വഴി എറിയരുത്
ജനൽ കമ്പിയിൽ പിടിക്കൂ
ജനൽ ചില്ല് പൊട്ടി
ജനൽ വഴി കാറ്റ് വരുന്നു
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
"മനസ്സിന്റെ ജനൽ"
Window of the mind. Refers to openness to new ideas.
മനസ്സിന്റെ ജനൽ എപ്പോഴും തുറന്നിടണം.
Philosophical"ലോകത്തേക്കുള്ള ജനൽ"
Window to the world. Often refers to education or books.
വായന ലോകത്തേക്കുള്ള ജനലാണ്.
Educational"ജനൽ വഴി നോക്കുന്നവൻ"
One who looks through the window. Refers to an observer rather than a participant.
അവൻ ജീവിതത്തെ ജനൽ വഴി നോക്കുന്നവനാണ്.
Literary"അടഞ്ഞ ജനലുകൾ"
Closed windows. Refers to a lack of communication or narrow-mindedness.
അടഞ്ഞ ജനലുകൾക്കിടയിൽ സത്യം മറഞ്ഞുപോയി.
Metaphorical"തുറന്ന ജനൽ"
Open window. Refers to an opportunity.
വിജയത്തിലേക്ക് ഒരു തുറന്ന ജനൽ അവന് മുന്നിലുണ്ട്.
Motivational"ജനൽ കമ്പികൾക്കിടയിലെ ജീവിതം"
Life between window bars. Often refers to imprisonment or confinement.
അവന്റെ ജീവിതം ജനൽ കമ്പികൾക്കിടയിലായി.
Poetic"ജനൽ ചില്ലിലെ മഴ"
Rain on the window glass. Refers to nostalgia or melancholy.
ജനൽ ചില്ലിലെ മഴ പോലെ അവളുടെ ഓർമ്മകൾ.
Romantic"കിളിവാതിൽ വഴി"
Through a small opening. Refers to finding a secret or alternative way.
അവൻ കിളിവാതിൽ വഴി രക്ഷപ്പെട്ടു.
Informal"ജനൽ പടിയിലെ കാത്തിരിപ്പ്"
Waiting on the window sill. Refers to long, patient waiting.
അവളുടെ ജനൽ പടിയിലെ കാത്തിരിപ്പ് അവസാനിച്ചു.
Literary"കാറ്റില്ലാത്ത ജനൽ"
A window without wind. Refers to something useless or lacking its core purpose.
അവൻ കാറ്റില്ലാത്ത ജനൽ പോലെയായി.
Metaphoricalशब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
संबंधित
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Borrowed from the Portuguese word 'janela'. This occurred during the period of Portuguese exploration and trade in Kerala starting in the late 15th century.
मूल अर्थ: Window (in Portuguese).
Indo-European (Portuguese) to Dravidian (Malayalam).Summary
The word 'ജനൽ' (Janal) is the most common and versatile way to say 'window' in Malayalam. Whether you are in a house, a bus, or a train, this word is your primary tool for discussing light, ventilation, and views. For example: 'Janal thurakkoo' (Open the window).
- Janal is the basic Malayalam word for window, essential for A1 learners to describe houses and travel.
- It is a Portuguese loanword that has become the standard term in modern Malayalam speech and writing.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'thurakkuka' (open) and 'adaikkuka' (close) in daily domestic commands.
- Pluralized as 'janalukal', it features in many compound words like 'janal-kambi' (bars) and 'janal-padi' (sill).
संबंधित सामग्री
संबंधित मुहावरे
daily_life के और शब्द
അണയ്ക്കുക
A1To extinguish or switch off
അഴുക്കുള്ള
A1Dirty
ഇരിക്കുക
A1To sit
ഉണരുക
A1To wake up
ഉറങ്ങുക
A1To sleep
എടുക്കുക
A1To take
ഒരുങ്ങുക
A1तैयार होना। उदाहरण: मैं स्कूल जाने के लिए तैयार हो रहा हूँ।
ഓടുക
A1दौड़ना। इसका उपयोग लोगों, वाहनों और मशीनों के लिए किया जाता है।
കട
A1'കട' का अर्थ है दुकान। यह मलयालम में खरीदारी के लिए इस्तेमाल होने वाला एक सामान्य शब्द है।
കുട
A1Umbrella
