A1 Verb Forms 1 min read Leicht

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To command a group in Azerbaijani, add the suffix '-in', '-ın', '-un', or '-ün' to the verb root.

  • Use '-in/ın/un/ün' for positive commands: 'Gəlin' (Come).
  • Use '-məyin/mayın' for negative commands: 'Gəlməyin' (Don't come).
  • Vowel harmony determines which suffix to use based on the last vowel.
Verb Root + (-in/-ın/-un/-ün) = Group Command

Meanings

The plural imperative is used to give orders, instructions, or invitations to two or more people, or to show formal respect to one person.

1

Direct Command

Giving a direct order to a group.

“Bura gəlin!”

“Pəncərəni bağlayın!”

2

Formal Address

Using the plural form to address one person politely.

“Buyurun, oturun.”

“Zəhmət olmasa, deyin.”

3

Negative Command

Prohibiting a group from doing something.

“Qaçmayın!”

“Səs-küy salmayın!”

Plural Imperative Conjugation

Verb Root Vowel Harmony Affirmative Negative
Gəl e Gəlin Gəlməyin
Yaz a Yazın Yazmayın
Oxu u Oxuyun Oxumayın
Gör ö Görün Görməyin
Get e Gedin Getməyin
Al a Alın Almayın

Reference Table

Reference table for Commands for Groups
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Root + (-in/-ın/-un/-ün) Gəlin
Negative Root + (-mə/-ma) + (-yin/-yın) Gəlməyin
Polite Singular Root + (-in/-ın/-un/-ün) Buyurun
Group Command Root + (-in/-ın/-un/-ün) Baxın
Negative Group Root + (-mə/-ma) + (-yin/-yın) Baxmayın
Formal Request Root + (-in/-ın/-un/-ün) Deyin

Formalitätsspektrum

Formell
Bura gəlin.

Bura gəlin. (Inviting someone.)

Neutral
Bura gəlin.

Bura gəlin. (Inviting someone.)

Informell
Bura gəl.

Bura gəl. (Inviting someone.)

Umgangssprache
Bura gəl də.

Bura gəl də. (Inviting someone.)

Imperative Logic

Verb Root

Suffixes

  • -in e/i
  • -ın a/ı
  • -un o/u
  • -ün ö/ü

Examples by Level

1

Bura gəlin!

Come here!

2

Kitabı açın.

Open the book.

3

Yeməyi yeyin.

Eat the food.

4

Mənə baxın.

Look at me.

1

Qapını bağlamayın.

Don't close the door.

2

Zəhmət olmasa, oturun.

Please, sit down.

3

Dərsi oxuyun.

Read the lesson.

4

Səs-küy etməyin.

Don't make noise.

1

Bu sənədləri imzalayın.

Sign these documents.

2

Mənə kömək etməyin, özüm edərəm.

Don't help me, I'll do it myself.

3

Gələn həftə bizə gəlin.

Come to our place next week.

4

Bu məsələni müzakirə edin.

Discuss this issue.

1

Zəhmət olmasa, fikrinizi bildirin.

Please, state your opinion.

2

Bu qaydalara riayət edin.

Follow these rules.

3

Heç kəsə deməyin.

Don't tell anyone.

4

Təklifimi nəzərə alın.

Consider my proposal.

1

Bu qərarı yenidən nəzərdən keçirin.

Reconsider this decision.

2

Heç bir halda tələsməyin.

Under no circumstances should you rush.

3

Məni diqqətlə dinləyin.

Listen to me carefully.

4

Gələcəkdə belə səhvlərə yol verməyin.

Don't make such mistakes in the future.

1

Xahiş edirəm, məsələnin mahiyyətinə varın.

I request that you grasp the essence of the matter.

2

Bu məqamı xüsusilə vurğulayın.

Emphasize this point particularly.

3

Heç bir tərəddüd etmədən qərar verin.

Make a decision without any hesitation.

4

Sizdən xahişim budur ki, məni başa düşün.

My request to you is to understand me.

Easily Confused

Commands for Groups vs. Optative Mood

Learners confuse 'let's' with 'command'.

Commands for Groups vs. Singular Imperative

Learners use singular for everyone.

Commands for Groups vs. Infinitive

Learners use -maq form as a command.

Häufige Fehler

Gəlın

Gəlin

Wrong vowel harmony.

Gəl-maq-ın

Gəlin

Don't keep the infinitive suffix.

Gəlməyin-in

Gəlməyin

Double suffix error.

Gəlin-lər

Gəlin

Pluralizing the verb unnecessarily.

Gəlmayin

Gəlməyin

Vowel harmony error in negative.

Otur-in

Oturun

Incorrect suffix choice.

Bax-in

Baxın

Incorrect suffix choice.

Gəliniz

Gəlin

Adding unnecessary polite markers.

Gəlməyiniz

Gəlməyin

Confusing imperative with noun form.

Gəl-in-lər

Gəlin

Redundant pluralization.

Gəlinəcək

Gəlin

Confusing imperative with future.

Gəlməyəsiniz

Gəlməyin

Using optative instead of imperative.

Gəlin-lər-in

Gəlin

Complex suffix error.

Sentence Patterns

Zəhmət olmasa, ___ edin.

___ gəlin.

___ oxumayın.

___ imzalayın.

Real World Usage

Classroom constant

Dərsi oxuyun.

Restaurant very common

Menunu gətirin.

Texting common

Bizə gəlin.

Job Interview occasional

Zəhmət olmasa, oturun.

Travel common

Bura gəlin.

Food Delivery occasional

Qapını açın.

💡

Vowel Harmony

Always check the last vowel of the root.
⚠️

Politeness

Use the plural form for strangers.
🎯

Negative Marker

Add -mə/-ma before the suffix.
💬

Respect

It is the standard polite form.

Smart Tips

Use '-ın'.

Yaz-in Yazın

Use '-in'.

Gəl-un Gəlin

Add -mə/-ma.

Gəlin-mə Gəlməyin

Always use the plural.

Otur Oturun

Aussprache

Gəlin [gæ-lin]

Vowel Harmony

The suffix vowel must match the root vowel.

Command

Gəlin! ↘

Falling intonation for firm commands.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Remember 'IN' for 'INstruction'. If you want to give an instruction to a group, put 'IN' at the end.

Visual Association

Imagine a group of people standing in a line. You point at them and say 'Gəlin!' (Come!) and they all step forward together.

Rhyme

For a group, use the sound, add the suffix, keep it sound.

Story

Ali is a teacher. He walks into the room. He says 'Oturun' (Sit down). The students sit. He says 'Kitabları açın' (Open the books). They open them. He says 'Səs-küy salmayın' (Don't make noise). The room becomes quiet.

Word Web

GəlinOturunYazınOxuyunBaxınGedin

Herausforderung

For the next 5 minutes, give yourself 3 commands in Azerbaijani using the plural form.

Kulturelle Hinweise

Using the plural imperative for a single person is a sign of respect.

Very similar to Turkish imperative usage.

Often uses slightly different vowel pronunciations.

The imperative suffix is a Proto-Turkic inheritance.

Conversation Starters

Dərsi oxuyun?

Bura gəlin, zəhmət olmasa.

Bu tapşırığı yerinə yetirin.

Fikrinizi bildirin, lütfən.

Journal Prompts

Write 3 commands you would give to a friend.
Write 3 polite requests for a boss.
Describe a classroom scenario using commands.
Write a formal email using imperative forms.

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct suffix.

Gəl___ (Come!)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: in
Gəl ends in 'e'.
Choose the correct form. Multiple Choice

Which is the negative of 'Oturun'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oturmayın
Vowel harmony.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Gəlın

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Gəlin
Vowel harmony.
Transform to negative. Sentence Transformation

Yazın -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Yazmayın
Add negative suffix.
Match the verb to the command. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Baxın
Correct suffix.
Which is polite? Multiple Choice

How to address a boss?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oturun
Plural is polite.
Fill in the blank.

Kitabı ___ (Read!)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: oxuyun
Root ends in u.
Build a command. Sentence Building

Bura + gəl

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bura gəlin
Plural imperative.

Score: /8

Ubungsaufgaben

8 exercises
Fill in the correct suffix.

Gəl___ (Come!)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: in
Gəl ends in 'e'.
Choose the correct form. Multiple Choice

Which is the negative of 'Oturun'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oturmayın
Vowel harmony.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Gəlın

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Gəlin
Vowel harmony.
Transform to negative. Sentence Transformation

Yazın -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Yazmayın
Add negative suffix.
Match the verb to the command. Match Pairs

Bax -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Baxın
Correct suffix.
Which is polite? Multiple Choice

How to address a boss?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oturun
Plural is polite.
Fill in the blank.

Kitabı ___ (Read!)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: oxuyun
Root ends in u.
Build a command. Sentence Building

Bura + gəl

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bura gəlin
Plural imperative.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

It is a standard sign of respect in Azerbaijani culture.

Use vowel harmony: -in (e/i), -ın (a/ı), -un (o/u), -ün (ö/ü).

Yes, add -mə/-ma before the suffix.

Yes, but the singular 'Gəl' is more common for close friends.

The rule remains the same.

No, 'let's' uses -aq/-ək.

Avoid it with very close friends if you want to be informal.

No, it is very regular and consistent.

In Other Languages

Spanish partial

Imperativo

Azerbaijani uses one form for both plural and formal singular.

French partial

Impératif

Azerbaijani is agglutinative.

German partial

Imperativ

Azerbaijani suffix changes based on vowel harmony.

Japanese low

Meireikei

Azerbaijani is less complex than Japanese honorifics.

Arabic partial

Fi'l al-Amr

Azerbaijani has no gender.

Chinese low

Imperative

Azerbaijani is agglutinative.

Was this helpful?
Noch keine Kommentare. Sei der Erste, der seine Gedanken teilt!