specifically
When you use the word specifically, it means you are talking about one exact thing, not many things. Imagine you have many toys, but you want to talk about just your red car. You would say, "I want to play with my red car specifically." It helps you be very clear and point to one special thing.
When you use the word “specifically,” it’s like pointing to one exact thing in a group. Imagine you have many toys, and someone asks, “Which toy do you want?” You might say, “I want the red car specifically.”
It helps to make your message very clear, so there’s no confusion about what you mean. So, instead of talking generally, specifically helps you talk about one particular detail or item.
When you use the word specifically, it's like zooming in on one particular thing out of many. Imagine you have a basket of different fruits, and someone says, "I want a fruit." If they then say, "I specifically want an apple," they are making their request much clearer and more focused on just one type of fruit.
It helps to give exact details and make sure there's no confusion about what you're talking about. So, instead of being general, specifically helps you be very precise.
When we use the word specifically, we are aiming to highlight a particular aspect or detail, distinguishing it from a more general idea. It acts as a linguistic pointer, drawing attention to something unique or precise within a broader context. For instance, if you're discussing various types of fruit, you might then refer to apples specifically to narrow the focus. This adverb helps to refine a statement, making it more exact and less ambiguous for the listener or reader. Essentially, it's about moving from the general to the distinct, ensuring clarity and emphasis on a chosen element.
At the C2 proficiency level, understanding 'specifically' involves recognizing its role in achieving high precision and clarity in communication. It is crucial for narrowing down broad statements, allowing speakers and writers to pinpoint exact details or instances from a wider context.
Mastering this adverb enables the expression of nuanced meanings, differentiating particular elements with accuracy and avoiding ambiguity. C2 users leverage 'specifically' to introduce precise conditions, highlight unique characteristics, or delineate exact requirements within complex discussions.
This command of the word demonstrates an ability to articulate thoughts with exceptional focus, ensuring that specific aspects are distinctly addressed. It reflects a sophisticated capacity to refine information, making arguments more cogent and explanations more explicit.
Therefore, 'specifically' is a key linguistic tool for advanced learners to achieve definitive and unambiguous expression in both academic and professional settings.
specifically in 30 Sekunden
- Points out one thing
- Gives exact details
- Narrows a general statement
§ What does it mean and when do people use it?
The adverb “specifically” is a powerful tool in the English language, primarily used to bring clarity, precision, and focus to a statement. At its core, it means “in a specific manner” or “for a specific purpose.” When you use “specifically,” you are narrowing down a general idea or statement to point out one particular thing, detail, or reason among many possibilities. This helps to avoid ambiguity and ensures your audience understands exactly what you are referring to.
Imagine a scenario where someone asks, “What kind of food do you like?” A general answer might be, “I like Italian food.” However, if you want to be more precise, you could say, “I specifically like pasta dishes from Tuscany.” Here, “specifically” tells the listener that while Italian food in general is appealing, your preference is honed in on a particular regional cuisine and type of dish.
The term “specifically” is derived from the adjective “specific,” which means clearly defined or identified. By adding the suffix “-ally,” we transform it into an adverb, indicating how something is done or to what extent. This transformation is crucial because it allows us to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, enhancing the precision of our communication.
One of the most common applications of “specifically” is to introduce a precise detail or example that elaborates on a broader point. For instance, if you’re discussing environmental issues, you might say, “Many factors contribute to climate change, but we need to address pollution specifically from industrial emissions.” In this case, “specifically” singles out industrial emissions as a key area of concern within the larger topic of pollution.
Another frequent use is to correct or clarify a misunderstanding by emphasizing a particular aspect. If someone assumes you’re talking about all dogs, you might interject, “I’m not talking about all dogs; I’m talking specifically about golden retrievers.” Here, “specifically” serves to narrow the scope of the conversation and prevent misinterpretation.
“Specifically” also plays a vital role in providing explicit instructions or requirements. In a professional setting, a manager might tell an employee, “I need you to complete this report by Friday, and specifically, I need the sales figures for the last quarter included.” This leaves no room for doubt about what information is essential.
- Definition Reinforcement
- To use "specifically" means to highlight a particular item, detail, or aspect, thereby making a general statement more precise and focused.
When writing or speaking, consider using “specifically” when:
- You want to introduce a detailed example that illustrates a broader point.
- You need to clarify or correct a general statement by focusing on a particular element.
- You are providing precise instructions or requirements that leave no room for ambiguity.
- You wish to emphasize a particular reason or purpose for an action.
- You are distinguishing one item or group from a larger, more general category.
The new policy applies to all employees, but it specifically impacts those working remotely.
Could you specifically tell me what you mean by 'sustainable practices'?
By strategically incorporating “specifically” into your vocabulary, you can elevate the precision and clarity of your communication, ensuring that your message is understood exactly as intended. It’s a subtle yet powerful word that allows you to sculpt your thoughts into well-defined expressions, avoiding vague generalities and fostering a deeper understanding between communicators.
§ Understanding the Nuance of "Specifically"
"Specifically" is a powerful adverb used to pinpoint or highlight a particular detail, item, or aspect within a broader context. Its CEFR C2 rating indicates its advanced usage and the subtle ways it can be misused by non-native speakers, leading to awkward phrasing or a lack of precision. Mastering "specifically" involves not only knowing its definition but also understanding its pragmatic implications in various contexts.
- DEFINITION
- Used to refer to one particular thing among many, or to provide precise details about a subject. It functions to narrow a general statement into a more focused, distinct, or explicit point.
§ Mistakes People Make with "Specifically"
While "specifically" might seem straightforward, there are several common pitfalls that can hinder effective communication. These errors often stem from a misunderstanding of its function as a focusing adverb or an over-reliance on it when simpler, more natural phrasing would suffice.
Redundancy with already precise language: One of the most frequent mistakes is using "specifically" when the sentence already conveys a precise meaning, making the adverb redundant. For example, saying "He told me specifically that he wouldn't come" is often unnecessary if the word "told" already implies direct communication. If the speaker truly wants to emphasize the exactness of the statement, alternative phrasing might be better.
Incorrect: He mentioned specifically the date of the meeting.
Correct: He mentioned the date of the meeting.
Misplacement in a sentence: The position of "specifically" can alter the meaning or make a sentence sound unnatural. It usually precedes the word or phrase it modifies. Misplacing it can lead to ambiguity or awkwardness.
Incorrect: We discussed the project specifically in detail.
Correct: We discussed the project, specifically the budget.
Overuse in formal writing: While "specifically" adds precision, its overuse can make writing sound stiff, repetitive, and less engaging. In academic or professional contexts, it's essential to vary vocabulary and sentence structure to maintain readability and impact. Sometimes, a simpler phrase like "in particular," "namely," or even just restructuring the sentence can be more effective.
Overused: The policy affects all citizens, specifically those in rural areas. We need to address the needs of those citizens specifically.
Improved: The policy affects all citizens, especially those in rural areas. Addressing their needs, in particular, is crucial.
Using it to introduce an obvious or already implied detail: If the detail being introduced by "specifically" is already clear from the context, its use can sound pedantic or unnecessary. The power of "specifically" lies in narrowing down a broad category or clarifying a potential ambiguity, not in stating the obvious.
Incorrect: I bought a new car, specifically a vehicle for transportation.
Correct: I bought a new car, specifically a hybrid model.
By being mindful of these common mistakes, learners can use "specifically" with greater accuracy and confidence, enhancing the clarity and impact of their communication.
§ Similar Words and When to Use 'Specifically' vs. Alternatives
The adverb 'specifically' is a powerful tool for precision in language, allowing speakers and writers to narrow their focus from a general statement to a more distinct or explicit point. Understanding its nuances and comparing it with similar words can significantly enhance the clarity and impact of your communication. While many adverbs can convey a sense of particularity, 'specifically' stands out for its directness and emphasis on exactness.
- DEFINITION
- Used to refer to one particular thing among many, or to provide precise details about a subject. It functions to narrow a general statement into a more focused, distinct, or explicit point.
Let's explore some common alternatives and delve into when 'specifically' is the most appropriate choice:
Especially / Particularly: These adverbs are often interchangeable with 'specifically,' but they tend to emphasize a degree of intensity or exceptionality rather than strict precision. 'Especially' highlights something that stands out more than others, while 'particularly' draws attention to a certain aspect or detail. 'Specifically,' on the other hand, often serves to pinpoint an exact item or detail within a broader category.
I enjoy all desserts, but I especially love chocolate cake.
The weather was pleasant, particularly in the afternoon.
Could you tell me specifically what time the meeting starts?
Precisely / Exactly: These words are very close in meaning to 'specifically' and often can be used interchangeably, especially when emphasizing accuracy or exactness. 'Precisely' often implies a high degree of care or meticulousness, while 'exactly' stresses absolute accuracy or conformity. 'Specifically' can encompass both of these aspects but also carries the additional function of singling out a particular item or detail from a group.
The instructions stated precisely how to assemble the furniture.
That's exactly what I meant.
He was interested in buying a car, specifically a convertible.
Namely / To be exact: These phrases are used to introduce a specific item or detail that clarifies a preceding general statement. They serve a similar function to 'specifically' when the goal is to provide a concrete example or further explanation. 'Namely' is often used to list examples or give a more precise name, while 'to be exact' emphasizes the accuracy of the following information.
There are several reasons for this delay, namely a lack of resources and poor planning.
The event starts at 7 PM, to be exact.
The report focuses on environmental issues, specifically deforestation in the Amazon.
§ When to Choose 'Specifically'
'Specifically' shines brightest when you need to:
Pinpoint a particular item or instance: If you've mentioned a general category and now want to highlight one specific example, 'specifically' is ideal.
The company aims to reduce its carbon footprint, specifically by investing in renewable energy sources.
Provide precise details: When clarifying a statement or giving more exact information, 'specifically' adds a layer of precision.
I need you to focus on the project's budget, specifically the allocation for marketing.
Emphasize a direct intention or purpose: When something is done for a particular reason, 'specifically' can highlight that intentionality.
This software was designed specifically for graphic designers.
Contrast with a general statement: You can use 'specifically' to draw a distinction between a general idea and a more focused one.
Many people enjoy outdoor activities, but I specifically prefer hiking.
In conclusion, while there's an overlap in meaning with words like 'especially,' 'particularly,' 'precisely,' and 'exactly,' 'specifically' uniquely serves to narrow a focus to a singular item, detail, or purpose. Its strength lies in its ability to bring a high level of clarity and exactness to your communication, ensuring your audience understands the precise point you are trying to convey.
Beispiele nach Niveau
He likes toys, specifically cars.
Он любит игрушки, в особенности машины.
Using 'specifically' to point out a particular type of toy.
I want fruit, specifically an apple.
Я хочу фрукты, конкретно яблоко.
'Specifically' highlights one item from a group.
She likes animals, specifically cats.
Она любит животных, особенно кошек.
Here, 'specifically' clarifies which animals are preferred.
We need help, specifically with cleaning.
Нам нужна помощь, а именно с уборкой.
It shows a specific area where help is needed.
He plays sports, specifically soccer.
Он занимается спортом, в частности футболом.
'Specifically' points to a particular sport.
I like colors, specifically blue.
Мне нравятся цвета, особенно синий.
Used to name a favorite color from all colors.
They eat food, specifically pizza.
Они едят еду, конкретно пиццу.
Highlights a preferred type of food.
She lives in a house, specifically a big one.
Она живет в доме, а именно в большом.
'Specifically' adds a detail about the house.
He likes many fruits, but specifically, he loves apples.
He likes many fruits, but only apples.
Using 'specifically' to point out one favorite from a group.
I want a new toy, specifically a red car.
I want a new toy, it must be a red car.
'Specifically' makes the toy choice very clear.
We need help, specifically with carrying these boxes.
We need help, just with carrying these boxes.
'Specifically' shows exactly what kind of help is needed.
She likes animals, specifically cats.
She likes animals, especially cats.
Here, 'specifically' highlights her favorite type of animal.
The store sells many things, specifically clothes for kids.
The store sells many things, mainly clothes for kids.
'Specifically' tells us the main items sold.
I told him to clean his room, specifically to put his books away.
I told him to clean his room, make sure his books are put away.
'Specifically' gives a clear instruction within a bigger task.
We are going to a park, specifically the one with the big slide.
We are going to a park, the one with the big slide.
'Specifically' helps to identify which park.
He needs to practice reading, specifically the new story.
He needs to practice reading, especially the new story.
'Specifically' points to the exact reading material.
He asked me to specifically choose the blue book.
He asked me to choose the blue book only.
Specifically' comes before the verb 'choose' to emphasize the action.
The teacher specifically told us to finish homework by Friday.
The teacher made it very clear that we must finish homework by Friday.
'Specifically' highlights the importance of the instruction.
I came here specifically to see you.
My only reason for coming here was to see you.
'Specifically' indicates the purpose of coming.
This gift is specifically for my mom.
This gift is only for my mom and no one else.
'Specifically' shows the intended recipient.
The doctor specifically said to take this medicine with food.
The doctor gave a clear instruction to take this medicine with food.
'Specifically' emphasizes the precise instruction from the doctor.
She likes all fruits, but specifically, she loves apples.
She likes all fruits, but especially apples.
'Specifically' narrows down a general preference to a particular one.
The rules state specifically that we cannot run in the hall.
The rules clearly say that running in the hall is not allowed.
'Specifically' reinforces the clarity of the rule.
I need help with my math homework, specifically the algebra part.
I need help with my math homework, especially the algebra part.
'Specifically' points to a particular section of the homework.
The recipe specifically states to use unsalted butter, otherwise the dish might be too salty.
Recipe (Rezept) states (besagt) unsalted (ungesalzene) butter (Butter) otherwise (sonst) too salty (zu salzig).
Adverb 'specifically' modifies the verb 'states', emphasizing the precision of the instruction.
I specifically asked for a window seat on the plane, but they gave me an aisle seat.
Asked (gebeten) window seat (Fensterplatz) plane (Flugzeug) aisle seat (Gangplatz).
Here, 'specifically' modifies the verb 'asked', highlighting the directness and clarity of the request.
The teacher specifically mentioned that the essay should be no longer than two pages.
Teacher (Lehrer/in) mentioned (erwähnt) essay (Aufsatz) no longer (nicht länger) two pages (zwei Seiten).
'Specifically' emphasizes the explicit nature of the teacher's instruction regarding the essay length.
This software was specifically designed for graphic designers, so it has many advanced features.
Software (Software) designed (entwickelt) graphic designers (Grafikdesigner) advanced features (fortgeschrittene Funktionen).
The adverb 'specifically' modifies the past participle 'designed', indicating a focused purpose for the software.
He didn't just say he was busy; he specifically said he had a meeting until 5 PM.
Didn't just say (nicht nur gesagt) busy (beschäftigt) specifically said (ausdrücklich gesagt) meeting (Besprechung).
'Specifically' contrasts with a general statement, providing a precise reason for his busyness.
When you go to the store, could you specifically look for the organic apples?
Store (Geschäft) specifically look for (speziell suchen nach) organic apples (Bio-Äpfel).
The adverb 'specifically' modifies the verb phrase 'look for', narrowing the focus of the search.
The instructions specifically warn against mixing these two chemicals together.
Instructions (Anweisungen) warn against (warnen vor) mixing (mischen) chemicals (Chemikalien).
'Specifically' modifies the verb 'warn', emphasizing the explicit nature of the caution.
I'm not talking about all cars, I'm specifically talking about electric vehicles.
Not talking about (nicht reden über) all cars (alle Autos) specifically talking about (speziell reden über) electric vehicles (Elektrofahrzeuge).
Here, 'specifically' is used to clarify and narrow the subject of discussion from general to particular.
The report specifically mentioned the need for increased funding in education.
L'article mentionne spécifiquement le besoin d'augmenter les fonds dans l'éducation.
Adverb modifying the verb 'mentioned'.
She wasn't just generally upset; she was specifically angry about the cancelled concert.
Elle n'était pas seulement en colère en général; elle était spécifiquement en colère à propos du concert annulé.
Adverb modifying the adjective 'angry'.
I told him specifically not to touch anything on my desk.
Je lui ai dit spécifiquement de ne toucher à rien sur mon bureau.
Adverb modifying the verb 'told'.
The instructions were specifically designed for advanced users.
Les instructions ont été spécifiquement conçues pour les utilisateurs avancés.
Adverb modifying the past participle 'designed'.
Could you specifically outline the steps we need to take?
Pourriez-vous spécifiquement décrire les étapes que nous devons suivre ?
Adverb modifying the verb 'outline'.
He came here specifically to discuss the new project.
Il est venu ici spécifiquement pour discuter du nouveau projet.
Adverb modifying the verb 'came' and clarifying the purpose.
The new policy specifically prohibits the use of mobile phones during meetings.
La nouvelle politique interdit spécifiquement l'utilisation des téléphones portables pendant les réunions.
Adverb modifying the verb 'prohibits'.
Among all the options, she specifically chose the organic vegetables.
Parmi toutes les options, elle a spécifiquement choisi les légumes biologiques.
Adverb modifying the verb 'chose'.
Synonyme
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
I specifically asked you not to do that.
Te pedí específicamente que no hicieras eso.
The report specifically highlights the need for reform.
El informe destaca específicamente la necesidad de reforma.
This model was specifically developed for professional photographers.
Este modelo fue desarrollado específicamente para fotógrafos profesionales.
Could you be more specific about what you mean?
¿Podrías ser más específico sobre lo que quieres decir?
He specifically referred to the events of last year.
Él se refirió específicamente a los eventos del año pasado.
The rules specifically forbid bringing food into the library.
Las reglas prohíben específicamente introducir comida en la biblioteca.
We need to specifically target the areas with the highest unemployment.
Necesitamos enfocarnos específicamente en las áreas con mayor desempleo.
Is there anything specifically that worries you?
¿Hay algo específicamente que te preocupe?
The contract specifically states that late payments will incur a penalty.
El contrato establece específicamente que los pagos atrasados incurrirán en una penalización.
This treatment is specifically designed to combat hair loss.
Este tratamiento está diseñado específicamente para combatir la caída del cabello.
Grammatikmuster
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
"a drop in the bucket"
A very small and insignificant amount compared to what is needed or expected.
Donating a few dollars is just a drop in the bucket compared to the massive amount of funding required for the project.
neutral"beat around the bush"
To avoid coming to the point; to speak indirectly or evasively.
Stop beating around the bush and just tell me what you want.
informal"bite the bullet"
To endure a difficult or unpleasant situation with courage and stoicism.
I didn't want to work extra hours, but I had to bite the bullet to finish the project on time.
neutral"break a leg"
Good luck! (Often said to performers before a show.)
You have a big audition tonight. Break a leg!
informal"call it a day"
To stop working on something for the rest of the day.
It's getting late, let's call it a day and pick this up tomorrow.
neutral"cut corners"
To do something in the easiest, quickest, or cheapest way, often sacrificing quality.
They cut corners on safety, and it led to a serious accident.
neutral"get out of hand"
To become difficult to control; to become unmanageable.
The party started to get out of hand when too many uninvited guests showed up.
neutral"hit the road"
To leave; to depart.
It's getting late, we should probably hit the road.
informal"let the cat out of the bag"
To accidentally reveal a secret.
I didn't mean to let the cat out of the bag about the surprise party.
informal"on the same page"
To be in agreement or have the same understanding about something.
Before we proceed, I want to make sure everyone is on the same page regarding the project goals.
neutralSatzmuster
specifically + verb
She specifically requested a window seat for her flight.
specifically + adjective
The instructions were specifically designed for beginners.
specifically + prepositional phrase
He chose that university specifically for its research facilities.
specifically + clause
I told him specifically that I didn't want any surprises.
used specifically for + noun/gerund
This tool is used specifically for engraving intricate patterns.
specifically designed to + verb
The software was specifically designed to handle large datasets efficiently.
specifically, + clause (at the beginning of a sentence to introduce a more precise detail)
The company is facing several challenges; specifically, sales have been declining in the last quarter.
to be more specific, + clause (to rephrase or elaborate with greater detail)
The project requires extensive collaboration. To be more specific, we need daily meetings with all team leads.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
So verwendest du es
When using 'specifically', ensure it adds new, precise information. Avoid using it redundantly when the meaning is already clear. For instance, instead of 'I specifically asked for coffee, not tea,' which might imply a previous general request, simply say, 'I asked for coffee, not tea' if the context is already specific. However, if you are clarifying a previous vague statement, 'I specifically asked for coffee' is appropriate.
- Overuse: Many speakers tend to overuse 'specifically' in everyday conversation, making their speech sound unnecessarily formal or stilted.
- Redundancy: Using 'specifically' when the statement is already precise. For example, 'The report specifically details the financial losses.' Here, 'details' already implies specificity, so 'specifically' is often redundant.
- Misplacement: Placing 'specifically' in an awkward position within a sentence can lead to ambiguity. For example, 'He wanted to know the cost specifically of the repairs.' It's clearer to say, 'He specifically wanted to know the cost of the repairs.'
- Confusing with 'especially': While related, 'specifically' emphasizes precision and particularity, whereas 'especially' emphasizes something to a greater degree than others. For example, 'I love all fruits, especially mangoes' (mangoes more than others). 'I requested specifically mangoes' (no other fruit).
Tipps
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words, like specifically, within a sentence or a real-life context. This helps you understand its usage naturally.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore words with similar meanings (e.g., precisely, explicitly) and opposite meanings. This broadens your vocabulary network.
Sentence Building
Practice creating your own sentences using the word. For specifically, you might say, 'I need you to focus specifically on this task.'
Flashcards with Examples
Make flashcards with the word on one side and its definition and a sample sentence using specifically on the other.
Listen and Read Actively
Pay attention to how native speakers use words like specifically in conversations, podcasts, and written materials.
Break Down Word Parts
Understanding prefixes (like 'spec-'), suffixes (like '-ally'), and root words can help decode new vocabulary, even for words like specifically.
Visual Association
Try to associate the word specifically with an image or a mental picture that helps you recall its meaning.
Spaced Repetition
Review new words like specifically at increasing intervals. This reinforces memory and helps move words to long-term memory.
Record and Listen
Record yourself using the word specifically in sentences and listen back. This helps with pronunciation and natural flow.
Etymology Exploration
Delve into the origin and history of words like specifically. Understanding where a word comes from can provide deeper insight into its meaning and usage.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
To remember 'specifically,' think of a detective SPEC-ulating on a case, trying to narrow down clues to find the specific perpetrator.
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a spotlight shining down, specifically highlighting just one person in a large crowd. This person is holding a magnifying glass, emphasizing the idea of focusing on precise details.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to use 'specifically' when you are explaining something and need to add a precise detail. For instance, 'I enjoy many fruits, but specifically, I love mangoes.' Or, 'The instructions are general, so can you tell me specifically what I need to do first?'
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
When a speaker wants to clarify a previous statement or provide an example that illustrates a general point.
- To be more specific...
- More specifically, I meant...
- Let me clarify specifically what I mean.
In academic or professional settings, to highlight a particular aspect of a topic being discussed or researched.
- We need to specifically address...
- The data specifically indicates that...
- This theory specifically applies to...
When giving instructions or making requests, to ensure there is no misunderstanding about what is required.
- I specifically asked for...
- Can you specifically tell me...
- Please specifically focus on...
In discussions about preferences or choices, to identify a particular item or option.
- I'm specifically looking for...
- Which one specifically do you prefer?
- Not generally, but specifically this one.
When emphasizing that something is intended for a particular person, group, or purpose.
- This message is specifically for you.
- The event is specifically designed for...
- It was created specifically to...
Gesprächseinstiege
"Can you give me an example of when you've had to ask someone to be more 'specifically' clear about something?"
"In what kind of professional situations do you think it's most important to use 'specifically' to avoid misunderstandings?"
"Have you ever had a situation where you used 'specifically' to clarify your own intentions?"
"What's something you're specifically passionate about, and why?"
"How can being able to articulate things 'specifically' help in everyday communication?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Describe a time you needed to communicate something 'specifically' to avoid a problem. What was the outcome?
Reflect on a goal you have. What are three 'specific' steps you can take to achieve it?
Write about a skill you'd like to develop. What 'specific' actions will you take to improve it?
Consider a recent disagreement you had. How might using the word 'specifically' have helped to resolve it?
Think about a person who inspires you. What 'specific' qualities do they possess that you admire?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenWhile both words emphasize a particular item, 'specifically' is used when you want to narrow down a general statement to one precise detail or example. For instance, 'I like fruits, specifically apples.' 'Especially' is used to highlight something that stands out among others because of a particular quality, like 'I enjoy summer, especially the long evenings.'
Not always, but it often is! It can also introduce a more precise explanation. For example, 'I'm looking for a new car, specifically a hybrid model.' Or, 'We need to address this issue, specifically the budget constraints.'
Yes, it can. When used at the beginning of a sentence, it often acts as a transition, signaling that you're about to provide a more detailed or precise point. For example, 'Specifically, we need to focus on improving customer satisfaction.'
'Specifically' points to a precise detail or a definite example, narrowing the focus to one thing. 'Particularly' emphasizes something that is notable or distinct, often due to a higher degree of a quality. For example, 'I'm interested in science, specifically astrophysics.' vs. 'I'm interested in science, particularly because it explains the universe.'
'Specifically' is generally considered a standard and somewhat formal word. It's appropriate for both written and spoken English, especially in contexts where precision is important, such as academic writing or professional discussions.
That's a great question! You can use synonyms like 'precisely,' 'in particular,' 'explicitly,' 'namely,' or 'to be exact.' Sometimes, simply rephrasing your sentence to be more direct can also help. For example, instead of 'I like many things, specifically hiking,' you could say 'I especially enjoy hiking.'
Not necessarily. While it can introduce a more specific point after a general one, it doesn't always imply a contrast. It often just serves to clarify or add detail without opposing a previous statement. For example, 'I came here for one reason, specifically to see you.'
Yes, you can! You might say, 'Can you tell me more about that, specifically what went wrong?' This signals that you're looking for precise details rather than a general overview.
One common mistake is using it redundantly. For instance, 'I specifically asked for the red one, specifically the one with the blue stripes.' In this case, 'specifically' is repeated unnecessarily. Using it once to introduce the detailed request is sufficient.
'Specifically' is often used as a way to introduce a concrete example that illustrates a broader point. It helps to ground a general statement with a clear, singular instance. For example, 'We need to improve our customer service, specifically by responding to emails within 24 hours.'
Teste dich selbst 132 Fragen
I like fruits, ___ apples.
We use 'specifically' to point out a particular type of fruit (apples) from a general group (fruits).
She wants a toy, ___ a doll.
'Specifically' helps us understand that out of all toys, she wants a doll.
He likes colors, ___ blue.
The word 'specifically' highlights that blue is the particular color he likes among all colors.
They eat food, ___ pizza.
'Specifically' tells us that pizza is the particular food they eat.
I have books, ___ story books.
Here, 'specifically' clarifies that among all books, I have story books.
We visit places, ___ the park.
'Specifically' indicates that the park is the particular place we visit.
I like fruits, _____ apples.
The word 'specifically' helps to narrow down 'fruits' to a particular type, 'apples'.
She likes animals, _____ cats.
'Specifically' tells us which animal she likes most.
He plays sports, _____ soccer.
'Specifically' points out the particular sport he plays.
If I say 'I like food, specifically pizza', it means I like all food.
No, it means you like food, but you want to focus on pizza as an example.
Using 'specifically' makes a sentence more general.
No, 'specifically' makes a sentence more focused and precise.
The word 'specifically' helps us talk about one thing from a group.
Yes, it helps to point out a particular item or detail.
The sentence should be in the order of subject, verb, object, then the adverb 'specifically' to clarify the type of apples.
The sentence structure is subject, verb, object, followed by 'specifically' to identify the specific toy.
Start with the subject and verb, then the general category, and use 'specifically' to point out the particular fruit.
I like many fruits, but I ___ like apples.
The word 'specifically' is used to show a preference for one thing out of many.
Can you tell me ___ where the library is?
The word 'specifically' is used to ask for precise details about a location.
She wants to buy a new dress, ___ a blue one.
'Specifically' here narrows down the type of dress she wants.
The teacher asked us to bring some books, ___ the red one.
'Specifically' indicates that one particular book is required.
I need help with my homework, ___ with the math problems.
'Specifically' points to the particular part of the homework that needs help.
He enjoys many sports, but he ___ loves playing football.
'Specifically' highlights his strong preference for football among other sports.
Which sentence uses 'specifically' correctly?
'Specifically' is used here to narrow down the general statement 'I like all fruits' to a particular fruit, 'apples'.
Choose the best option to complete the sentence: 'I need to talk to you _____ about your homework.'
'Specifically' means you want to talk about one particular thing, which is the homework.
Which option is similar in meaning to 'specifically' in this sentence: 'The teacher asked me specifically to clean the board.'
If the teacher asked you 'specifically', it means you were the particular person asked.
The word 'specifically' means 'in a general way'.
'Specifically' means to talk about one particular thing, not in a general way.
If you say 'I like sports, specifically football,' you are talking about only one sport.
Using 'specifically' here means you are pointing out one particular sport from a group of sports.
You can use 'specifically' to give more details about something.
'Specifically' is used to provide precise details about a subject, making it more focused.
Listen for a request for a precise detail.
Listen for what the teacher emphasized.
Listen for the speaker's favorite fruit.
Read this aloud:
Please tell me specifically what you need from the store.
Focus: specifically
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Read this aloud:
I want to specifically mention my thanks to you.
Focus: mention
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Read this aloud:
The instructions specifically say to turn left.
Focus: instructions
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Write a sentence about your favorite food. Try to be specific about what you like about it.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
My favorite food is pizza, specifically the one with cheese and pepperoni. I like it because it's always hot and delicious.
Imagine you are inviting a friend to a party. Write a sentence telling them what kind of music will be played.
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Sample answer
Please come to my party! We will play music, specifically pop songs, so we can dance a lot.
Write a sentence describing an animal you like. Be specific about one characteristic you find interesting.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
I like cats, specifically their soft fur. I enjoy petting them.
What kind of shirt does the person want?
Read this passage:
I want to buy a new shirt. I like blue shirts. Specifically, I want a dark blue shirt for work. My old shirt is too small.
What kind of shirt does the person want?
The passage says, 'Specifically, I want a dark blue shirt for work.'
The passage says, 'Specifically, I want a dark blue shirt for work.'
Which city does the family want to visit?
Read this passage:
My family is going on vacation. We want to visit a big city. Specifically, we want to go to Paris. We will see many famous places there.
Which city does the family want to visit?
The passage states, 'Specifically, we want to go to Paris.'
The passage states, 'Specifically, we want to go to Paris.'
What subject does the person need to study the most?
Read this passage:
I need to study for my exam. I have many subjects. Specifically, I need to study math the most because it is difficult for me.
What subject does the person need to study the most?
The passage says, 'Specifically, I need to study math the most.'
The passage says, 'Specifically, I need to study math the most.'
The word 'specifically' helps us understand that she doesn't just like any apples, but only the red ones.
Here, 'specifically' tells us that out of all the places in Paris, the Eiffel Tower is the particular place he wants to see.
This sentence uses 'specifically' to show that the book should be about animals, not just any topic.
Which sentence uses 'specifically' correctly?
'Specifically' is used here to narrow down the general statement 'all fruits' to a particular type of fruit: apples.
Complete the sentence: 'The teacher asked the students to write about animals, _______ their favorite pet.'
'Specifically' is used to make the instruction more precise, narrowing down 'animals' to 'their favorite pet'.
Which of the following is the best synonym for 'specifically' in the context of providing precise details?
'Precisely' means exactly or accurately, which aligns with the meaning of 'specifically' when providing detailed information.
The word 'specifically' helps to make a statement more general.
No, 'specifically' helps to make a statement more focused and particular, not more general.
If you say, 'I enjoy sports, specifically soccer,' it means you like all sports equally.
No, it means you enjoy soccer more than or as a particular example of the sports you enjoy, not that you like all sports equally.
When someone asks you to explain something 'specifically,' they want you to give exact and detailed information.
Yes, to explain something 'specifically' means to provide precise and detailed information about it.
Listen for the word that means 'in particular'.
Focus on the word that emphasizes precision.
Listen for the word that tells you the exact reason.
Read this aloud:
Can you specifically tell me what your plans are for the weekend?
Focus: spe-CIF-i-cal-ly
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Read this aloud:
I specifically chose this book because it was recommended.
Focus: spe-CIF-i-cal-ly
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Read this aloud:
What specifically did you enjoy about the concert?
Focus: spe-CIF-i-cal-ly
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The adverb 'specifically' modifies the verb 'asked', indicating a precise request.
'Specifically' emphasizes that the explanation was directed at helping one particular person.
'Specifically' highlights the particular reason for mentioning the movie.
The new policy was designed ___ to address the needs of small businesses.
'Specifically' is used here to indicate that the policy was created for a particular group.
Can you ___ tell me what time the meeting starts?
'Specifically' is used to ask for a precise detail, in this case, the exact time.
The report highlights several problems, ___ the lack of funding for education.
'Specifically' is used to single out one particular problem from a general statement.
I asked him to describe the car ___ so I could recognize it.
'Specifically' is used when asking for precise and detailed information.
The instructions said to follow the steps carefully, ___ step three.
'Specifically' points out one particular step among others that requires extra attention.
Which aspect of the project are you referring to ___?
'Specifically' is used to ask for a precise point or detail within a broader topic.
The report focuses ___ on the economic impact of the new policy.
'Specifically' means focusing on one particular thing, which fits the context of narrowing down the report's focus.
Can you ___ explain what you mean by 'sustainable development'?
The speaker is asking for precise details about 'sustainable development', so 'specifically' is the correct choice.
We discussed many topics, but I'm interested in what you said ___ about the future of artificial intelligence.
The sentence indicates a desire to focus on a particular point made about AI, making 'specifically' the most appropriate word.
The sentence 'I specifically asked for no onions on my burger' means the speaker wanted onions.
'Specifically' emphasizes the precise request for *no* onions, so the statement is false.
If someone says 'I'm talking about humans specifically,' they are referring to a general group of animals.
'Specifically' narrows the focus to only humans, not a general group of animals, so the statement is false.
The phrase 'The manager specifically mentioned your excellent work' means your work was highlighted as particularly good.
'Specifically' indicates that your excellent work was singled out and mentioned in detail, making the statement true.
Listen for the instruction about the butter.
Pay attention to the reason for her anger.
The speaker wants more precise information.
Read this aloud:
I'm specifically interested in learning about the history of ancient Rome.
Focus: specifically
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Read this aloud:
The new policy was designed specifically to address the issue of customer complaints.
Focus: designed specifically
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Read this aloud:
Could you specifically tell me what time the meeting is scheduled for?
Focus: specifically tell me
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You are organizing a team meeting. Write an email to your team members, specifically mentioning three key topics that will be discussed. Ensure your email is clear and concise.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Subject: Upcoming Team Meeting - Key Discussion Points Hi team, Just a quick reminder about our upcoming team meeting on Friday at 10 AM in the main conference room. I wanted to specifically highlight three main topics we'll be covering: the Q3 sales report, the new project proposal, and the upcoming team-building event. Please come prepared to discuss these points in detail. Best regards, [Your Name]
Imagine you are applying for a job. Write a short paragraph in your cover letter where you specifically explain why your skills and experience are a perfect fit for the advertised position.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
With my five years of experience in project management and a proven track record of successfully leading cross-functional teams, I am specifically confident that my skills align perfectly with the requirements of the Senior Project Manager position. My ability to streamline workflows and deliver projects on time and within budget will be a significant asset to your organization.
You are giving feedback on a friend's new business idea. Write a sentence where you specifically praise one aspect of their idea that you found particularly innovative or well-developed.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
I think your business idea has a lot of potential, and I specifically love the way you've incorporated sustainable practices into your production process; it's truly forward-thinking.
What is one specific measure mentioned in the passage to reduce sugar consumption among young people?
Read this passage:
The new government policy aims to improve public health across the nation. It introduces several measures, including stricter regulations on food labeling and increased funding for preventative care. Specifically, it targets a reduction in sugar consumption among young people through educational campaigns and taxes on sugary drinks.
What is one specific measure mentioned in the passage to reduce sugar consumption among young people?
The passage explicitly states, 'Specifically, it targets a reduction in sugar consumption among young people through educational campaigns and taxes on sugary drinks.'
The passage explicitly states, 'Specifically, it targets a reduction in sugar consumption among young people through educational campaigns and taxes on sugary drinks.'
What is one specific area of focus for scientists in combating climate change, as mentioned in the passage?
Read this passage:
Scientists are exploring various methods to combat climate change, from developing renewable energy sources to implementing carbon capture technologies. While all these approaches are vital, they are specifically focusing on large-scale reforestation projects as a natural way to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
What is one specific area of focus for scientists in combating climate change, as mentioned in the passage?
The passage states, 'While all these approaches are vital, they are specifically focusing on large-scale reforestation projects.'
The passage states, 'While all these approaches are vital, they are specifically focusing on large-scale reforestation projects.'
What specific feature of the new software helps team leaders track progress and assign tasks more efficiently?
Read this passage:
The company's new software aims to streamline workflow and improve team collaboration. It includes features such as real-time document sharing and integrated video conferencing. Specifically, it offers a project management dashboard that allows team leaders to track progress and assign tasks more efficiently.
What specific feature of the new software helps team leaders track progress and assign tasks more efficiently?
The passage highlights, 'Specifically, it offers a project management dashboard that allows team leaders to track progress and assign tasks more efficiently.'
The passage highlights, 'Specifically, it offers a project management dashboard that allows team leaders to track progress and assign tasks more efficiently.'
The adverb 'specifically' modifies the verb 'asked', indicating a precise request.
'Specifically' clarifies the intended audience of the report.
'Specifically' emphasizes that exact reasons were provided.
The report focuses ___ on the economic impact of the new policy.
The word 'specifically' indicates a focused and precise area of concentration, which aligns with 'economic impact' in the sentence.
Could you please clarify what you mean, ___ regarding the budget allocation?
'Specifically' is used here to ask for more precise details about a particular aspect, which is 'the budget allocation'.
The instructions were not clear enough, ___ about the submission deadline.
The sentence implies a lack of precise detail regarding the deadline, making 'specifically' the appropriate choice to highlight this point.
We need to address the issues ___ affecting customer satisfaction.
'Specifically' emphasizes that the focus should be on those particular issues that are directly influencing customer satisfaction.
The new regulations target certain industries, ___ those involved in renewable energy.
'Specifically' narrows down the general statement about 'certain industries' to a more focused group: 'those involved in renewable energy'.
The artist is known for her unique style, ___ her use of vibrant colors.
'Specifically' is used to provide a precise detail that exemplifies the artist's unique style, which is her 'use of vibrant colors'.
The report mentioned several factors, but it didn't ___________ address the impact of climate change.
The word 'specifically' is needed here to indicate that the report failed to focus on one particular factor among others. 'Generally', 'broadly', and 'vaguely' have opposite meanings.
Can you ___________ explain what you mean by 'sustainable development' in this context?
'Specifically' is the best choice as it asks for precise details about a concept. The other options suggest a lack of clarity.
The new policy aims to help all citizens, but it ___________ targets low-income families.
'Specifically' indicates that low-income families are the particular group being focused on by the policy. The other options do not convey this precise targeting.
Using 'specifically' helps to make a general statement more focused and distinct.
The definition of 'specifically' states that it functions to narrow a general statement into a more focused, distinct, or explicit point.
When you use the word 'specifically,' you are usually trying to broaden the scope of your discussion.
'Specifically' is used to narrow, not broaden, the scope of a discussion, focusing on a particular detail.
If someone asks you to 'specifically' explain something, they are looking for a vague overview.
To 'specifically' explain something means to provide precise and detailed information, not a vague overview.
The new policy aims to address environmental concerns, focusing ___ on the reduction of plastic waste in our oceans.
The sentence indicates a narrowing of focus from general environmental concerns to a particular issue (plastic waste), which 'specifically' conveys.
While many factors contributed to the company's success, it was the innovative marketing strategy that ___ set them apart from their competitors.
'Specifically' is used here to highlight the exact factor that distinguished the company, providing precise detail.
The architect's design brief called for an open-plan living space, but he ___ requested a separate, soundproofed study.
The word 'specifically' indicates a precise and distinct request that deviates from the general open-plan concept, providing a focused detail.
The research aims to understand the impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems, with an emphasis ___ on coral reef degradation.
The sentence narrows the focus of the research from broad coastal ecosystems to the particular aspect of coral reef degradation, making 'specifically' the correct choice.
The legislation addresses various forms of discrimination, but it was drafted ___ to protect individuals with disabilities.
The adverb 'specifically' clarifies that the legislation, while broad, has a distinct and focused purpose related to protecting individuals with disabilities.
The university offers a wide range of postgraduate courses, but I'm interested ___ in the Master's program in Quantum Physics.
'Specifically' is used to pinpoint a particular course of interest from a general range of options, providing a precise detail.
Listen for how the speaker emphasizes the purpose of the policy.
Pay attention to the nuance in 'unique' and 'specifically'.
Identify which part of the scientific community is being highlighted.
Read this aloud:
Could you elaborate on what you mean specifically when you talk about 'systemic changes'?
Focus: specifically
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Read this aloud:
The report highlights several key areas, and I'd like to focus specifically on the implications for future economic growth.
Focus: specifically
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Read this aloud:
While the entire team contributed, it was Jane Doe specifically who developed the innovative algorithm.
Focus: specifically
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Write a paragraph (50-70 words) discussing the challenges of urban planning in megacities, making sure to specifically address the issue of sustainable transportation infrastructure. Use 'specifically' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Urban planning in megacities presents a myriad of challenges, not least of which is managing an ever-growing population and its demands. Congestion, pollution, and resource depletion are constant battles. To overcome these hurdles, city planners must focus on innovative solutions. This includes, specifically, developing sustainable transportation infrastructure that integrates various modes of transit, such as high-speed rail and extensive cycling networks, reducing reliance on private vehicles and fostering environmental well-being.
Draft an email to a colleague explaining a complex project deliverable. In your explanation, ensure you specifically highlight the crucial role of interdepartmental collaboration for its successful execution. Use 'specifically' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Subject: Update on Project Phoenix Deliverable Q3 Hi Alex, I wanted to provide an update on the upcoming Project Phoenix deliverable for Q3. This phase involves integrating the new software module with our existing legacy systems. It's a complex task, and we need to ensure seamless data flow. To achieve this, it's crucial that we specifically foster robust interdepartmental collaboration between Engineering, IT, and Operations. Their combined expertise will be vital for a smooth transition and successful execution. Let's schedule a sync next week to iron out the details.
Compose a short reflective piece (approx. 60-80 words) on a historical event you find particularly impactful. In your reflection, specifically elaborate on how this event reshaped geopolitical landscapes or societal norms. Use 'specifically' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
The fall of the Berlin Wall stands as a truly impactful historical event. Its collapse not only symbolized the end of the Cold War but also fundamentally reshaped geopolitical landscapes. Specifically, it ushered in an era of reunification and democratic transitions across Eastern Europe, profoundly altering the balance of power and fostering a renewed sense of hope for global cooperation. The societal norms surrounding freedom of movement and political expression were also dramatically expanded.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT specifically mentioned as a key factor influencing global economic market stability?
Read this passage:
The intricate dynamics of global economic markets often defy simplistic analysis, requiring a nuanced understanding of interconnected factors. While broad trends like inflation and interest rates are commonly cited, the underlying mechanisms are far more complex. Analysts must, therefore, consider a multitude of influences, specifically focusing on supply chain vulnerabilities, geopolitical tensions, and rapid technological advancements, which collectively exert significant pressure on market stability.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT specifically mentioned as a key factor influencing global economic market stability?
The passage states that 'broad trends like inflation and interest rates are commonly cited,' but then goes on to say that analysts should 'specifically focus on supply chain vulnerabilities, geopolitical tensions, and rapid technological advancements.' Therefore, inflation is mentioned as a broad trend, but not specifically as a key factor to focus on in the same way the others are.
The passage states that 'broad trends like inflation and interest rates are commonly cited,' but then goes on to say that analysts should 'specifically focus on supply chain vulnerabilities, geopolitical tensions, and rapid technological advancements.' Therefore, inflation is mentioned as a broad trend, but not specifically as a key factor to focus on in the same way the others are.
What is the primary method cognitive scientists are specifically using to understand consciousness, according to the passage?
Read this passage:
Contemporary philosophical discourse frequently grapples with the concept of consciousness, exploring its elusive nature and its relationship to the physical brain. While various theories propose different frameworks, a consensus remains distant. Researchers in cognitive science are now attempting to bridge this gap, specifically employing neuroimaging techniques to observe brain activity associated with conscious experience, thereby moving beyond purely theoretical constructs.
What is the primary method cognitive scientists are specifically using to understand consciousness, according to the passage?
The passage explicitly states, 'Researchers in cognitive science are now attempting to bridge this gap, specifically employing neuroimaging techniques to observe brain activity associated with conscious experience.'
The passage explicitly states, 'Researchers in cognitive science are now attempting to bridge this gap, specifically employing neuroimaging techniques to observe brain activity associated with conscious experience.'
In the context of endangered species conservation, what is genetic research specifically used for?
Read this passage:
The conservation of endangered species demands a multifaceted approach, extending beyond mere habitat protection. While safeguarding natural environments is foundational, effective strategies must also incorporate anti-poaching initiatives, community engagement programs, and robust international cooperation. Organizations dedicated to this cause are increasingly leveraging genetic research to understand population dynamics and inform breeding programs, specifically focusing on species with critically low numbers to prevent extinction.
In the context of endangered species conservation, what is genetic research specifically used for?
The passage states, 'Organizations dedicated to this cause are increasingly leveraging genetic research to understand population dynamics and inform breeding programs, specifically focusing on species with critically low numbers to prevent extinction.'
The passage states, 'Organizations dedicated to this cause are increasingly leveraging genetic research to understand population dynamics and inform breeding programs, specifically focusing on species with critically low numbers to prevent extinction.'
The adverb 'specifically' introduces a more precise detail about what the new policy aims to address, narrowing down the general idea of policy objectives.
'Specifically' is used here to identify one particular area for improvement from a more general statement about 'several areas'.
Here, 'specifically' focuses the general discussion of 'environmental impact' onto a particular aspect: 'emissions from industrial factories'.
/ 132 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Specifically helps to focus a general statement on a particular detail or provide precise information.
- Points out one thing
- Gives exact details
- Narrows a general statement
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words, like specifically, within a sentence or a real-life context. This helps you understand its usage naturally.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore words with similar meanings (e.g., precisely, explicitly) and opposite meanings. This broadens your vocabulary network.
Sentence Building
Practice creating your own sentences using the word. For specifically, you might say, 'I need you to focus specifically on this task.'
Flashcards with Examples
Make flashcards with the word on one side and its definition and a sample sentence using specifically on the other.
Beispiel
I specifically told you to lock the back door before you left.
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Mehr Language Wörter
mean
A1To have a specific sense or significance, especially when explaining a word or sign. It can also describe a person's intention or the importance of something to someone.
participle
B2Ein Partizip ist eine Verbform, die wie ein Adjektiv oder Nomen verwendet wird, z.B. 'laufend'.
prose
B2Prosa ist die normale Art zu schreiben oder zu sprechen, ohne Reim oder Rhythmus wie in Gedichten.
aphoristic
B2Das sind kurze, kluge Sprüche, die eine Wahrheit ausdrücken.
forebrevary
C1Kurz und bündig, wie eine Einleitung, die auf etwas Größeres vorbereitet.
word
A1Ein Wort ist eine einzelne Einheit der Sprache mit einer bestimmten Bedeutung, die gesprochen oder geschrieben werden kann. Es ist der grundlegende Baustein, der zum Erstellen von Phrasen und Sätzen in der Kommunikation verwendet wird.
feature
C1A distinctive attribute or aspect of something that makes it recognizable or important. In academic and technical contexts, it refers to a specific characteristic used for analysis, classification, or identification.
code
B2A system of words, letters, figures, or other symbols used to represent others, especially for the purposes of secrecy or computer programming. It also refers to a set of rules or principles that a group of people agree to follow.
metaphor
B2Metapher bedeutet, eine Sache zu beschreiben, indem man sagt, sie sei eine andere Sache. Dies hilft den Menschen, ein Gefühl oder eine Idee zu verstehen, indem sie ein einfaches Bild in ihren Köpfen verwenden.
rhetoric
A1Rhetorik ist die Art und Weise, wie jemand Sprache benutzt, um andere zu überzeugen oder zu beeinflussen. Es kann auch eine Rede oder Schrift bedeuten, die wichtig klingt, aber möglicherweise nicht aufrichtig oder ehrlich ist.
