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заработок

B1 noun 7 min de lectura

заработок

Money earned from work

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn about work and money. You might know the word 'работа' (job/work) and 'деньги' (money). 'Заработок' is a bit more advanced, but you can think of it as 'work-money'. It is the money you get because you worked. Imagine you help a neighbor and they give you 500 rubles. That is your 'заработок'. At this level, don't worry about complex grammar. Just remember that 'заработок' is a 'he' (masculine) and it means 'earnings'. You might hear it in simple sentences like 'Мой заработок маленький' (My earnings are small) or 'Где твой заработок?' (Where are your earnings?). It's a useful word to know when you want to talk about basic needs and simple jobs. Even at A1, knowing this word helps you understand that in Russian, we have different words for the act of working and the money we receive from it. You can use it to describe a simple summer job or a small task you did for a friend. Focus on the connection between 'работать' (to work) and 'заработок' (earnings). They look similar because they come from the same family!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'заработок' in more descriptive sentences. You know more adjectives, so you can say things like 'хороший заработок' (good earnings) or 'стабильный заработок' (stable earnings). You are also starting to learn about cases. You might use the preposition 'для' (for) with the genitive case: 'для заработка' (for the sake of earning). For example, 'Он поехал в город для заработка' (He went to the city to earn money). You should also be able to distinguish 'заработок' from 'зарплата' (salary). If you have a fixed job, you have a 'зарплата'. If you do different small jobs, you have a 'заработок'. You might also encounter the word in the context of 'дополнительный заработок' (extra earnings), which is very common in Russia. People often look for ways to make a little more money on the side. At A2, you can understand simple news about how people live and what they earn. You can also talk about your own financial situation in a basic way using this word. It's a step up from just saying 'деньги' because it shows you understand that the money was specifically earned through effort.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'заработок' in various grammatical cases and contexts. You understand that it refers to the total amount of money earned from labor, including bonuses and side jobs. You can discuss your career goals and financial stability. You might say, 'Мне нужен стабильный заработок, чтобы планировать будущее' (I need stable earnings to plan for the future). You should also be familiar with common collocations like 'средний заработок' (average earnings) and 'основной заработок' (primary earnings). This is the level where you start reading more complex texts, such as job descriptions or simple economic articles, where 'заработок' appears frequently. You can also use the word in the instrumental case to describe conditions: 'С таким заработком трудно жить в Москве' (With such earnings, it's hard to live in Moscow). You're beginning to see the nuance between 'заработок' and 'доход' (income), knowing that 'заработок' implies active work. This level requires you to use the word accurately in conversation to express your needs and professional status. You might also start using the plural 'заработки' to refer to seasonal or irregular work, which is a common phenomenon in certain industries.

At the B2 level, 'заработок' becomes a tool for more sophisticated discussion. You can analyze economic trends, such as 'рост реального заработка' (the growth of real earnings) or 'дифференциация заработков' (differentiation of earnings) across different social groups. You understand the legal implications of the term, such as 'сохранение среднего заработка' (retention of average earnings) during a period of leave or training. You can use the word in more abstract or metaphorical ways, and you are aware of its synonyms like 'вознаграждение' (remuneration) or 'оклад' (base salary). You can participate in debates about the 'gig economy' and how 'удалённый заработок' (remote earning) is changing the job market. Your grammar should be precise, correctly applying all cases and plural forms. You might also understand more idiomatic uses or professional jargon related to earnings. For instance, you could discuss the 'прозрачность заработков' (transparency of earnings) in a company. At B2, you are expected to understand not just the word, but the socio-economic context it represents in Russian society, including the difference between 'white' (official) and 'gray' (unofficial) earnings.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of 'заработок' and its place in the Russian lexical system. You can use it with high-level vocabulary and in complex sentence structures. You are familiar with the historical context of the word and how it differs from Soviet-era terminology. You can discuss the 'эластичность заработка' (earnings elasticity) or 'зависимость заработка от уровня образования' (the dependence of earnings on education level). You understand the nuances of the word in different registers, from the highly formal 'денежное содержание' to the more casual but still professional 'заработок'. You can read academic papers or high-level journalism that uses 'заработок' as a key variable in social research. You are also aware of the word's presence in literature and how it can be used to characterize a person's social standing or moral character (e.g., 'честный заработок' vs 'сомнительный заработок'). Your use of the word is natural, and you can switch between synonyms effortlessly to avoid repetition and add precision to your speech. You might also explore the etymology more deeply, connecting it to other words in the 'работ-' family and understanding how the prefix 'за-' shapes the meaning in subtle ways across different Slavic languages.

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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery of 'заработок'. You can use it in any context, from legal statutes to poetic expressions. You understand the most subtle connotations, such as the slightly archaic or rural feel of the plural 'заработки' when referring to migrant labor ('уйти на заработки'). You can deconstruct the word's role in political discourse, such as discussions on 'минимальный размер оплаты труда' (minimum wage) and how it relates to the actual 'заработок' of citizens. You can use the word to write professional reports, legal briefs, or philosophical essays on the nature of labor and reward. You are sensitive to the rhythm and flow of sentences, choosing 'заработок' over 'доход' or 'зарплата' for precise stylistic reasons. You understand the cultural weight of the term, including its relationship to the Russian concept of 'труд' (labor) and 'вознаграждение' (reward). At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a concept that you can manipulate with the skill of a native speaker, recognizing its power to convey social, economic, and moral meaning. You can also identify and use rare or dialectal variations if necessary, and you have a full grasp of the word's evolution in the Russian language over centuries.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

заработок en 30 segundos

Money earned through labor or services.
Broader than 'salary'; includes all work income.
Masculine inanimate noun: за́работок.
Commonly used in both formal and casual contexts.

The Russian word заработок is a fundamental noun for anyone navigating the world of work, finance, and daily life in Russia. At its core, it refers to the money one receives in exchange for labor or services. However, it is much broader than the English word 'salary'. While 'salary' (зарплата) usually implies a fixed monthly amount from a single employer, заработок encompasses all earnings, including bonuses, freelance fees, and side hustles.

The Root of Labor: The word comes from the root 'работ' (work). The prefix 'за-' indicates the result or completion of an action. Therefore, 'заработок' is literally the 'result of working'.
Scope of Use: It is used in both formal contexts (like tax forms or bank loan applications) and informal conversations (talking about how much someone makes).

Его основной заработок — это программирование, но он также продаёт картины.

In modern Russia, the concept of 'extra earnings' or дополнительный заработок is extremely common. Many people have a primary job but look for ways to increase their total income. This word is the go-to term for describing that total financial result.

В этом месяце мой заработок оказался выше ожидаемого благодаря премии.

When discussing the economy, you will often hear about the 'average earnings' (средний заработок) of a specific region or demographic. This is a key metric for social welfare and economic health. In casual settings, people might use the word to justify a big purchase: 'Хороший заработок позволяет мне путешествовать'.

Cultural Nuance: In Russian culture, discussing one's specific salary can be taboo, but talking about 'заработок' in general terms—whether it is 'sufficient' or 'unstable'—is very common.

Многие студенты ищут временный заработок во время каникул.

Честный заработок всегда приносит больше удовлетворения.

Удалённая работа открыла новые возможности для заработка.

Professional Context: Accountants and HR professionals use this term to calculate sick leave or maternity pay, often referring to 'средний заработок за последние два года'.

Understanding this word helps you engage in meaningful conversations about careers, goals, and the reality of living in a Russian-speaking environment. Whether you are looking for a job or just chatting with friends about their 'side hustle', this word will be at the center of the discussion.

Using заработок correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior and the adjectives that typically accompany it. As an inanimate masculine noun, it changes according to the six Russian cases. For example, in the genitive case (often used after 'нет' or to show possession), it becomes заработка.

Common Adjectives: Standard pairings include: высокий (high), низкий (low), стабильный (stable), нестабильный (unstable), приличный (decent), и честный (honest).

Она мечтает о стабильном заработке, чтобы взять ипотеку.

When you want to talk about how someone makes money, you use the preposition 'для' (for) or simply describe the source.

Для него это лишь дополнительный заработок в свободное время.

In professional settings, you might hear the phrase 'уровень заработка' (level of earnings). This is more formal than saying 'сколько ты получаешь' (how much you get).

Уровень заработка в столице значительно выше, чем в регионах.

Verbs Used with 'Заработок': Common verbs include: иметь (to have), лишиться (to lose/be deprived of), искать (to look for), и обеспечивать (to provide/ensure).

После закрытия завода многие рабочие лишились единственного заработка.

If you are an entrepreneur or freelancer, you might talk about 'поиск заработка' (searching for earnings/income).

Интернет предлагает массу способов для лёгкого заработка, но будьте осторожны.

Мой заработок за прошлый год позволил мне купить машину.

Case Usage Example: Instrumental: С таким низким заработком (with such a low income) трудно прокормить семью.

In summary, 'заработок' is versatile. It can describe a teenager's pocket money earned from mowing lawns or a CEO's multi-million ruble annual income. The key is that it represents the fruit of one's labor.

You will encounter заработок in a wide variety of real-world situations in a Russian-speaking country. One of the most common places is in the media and news. Headlines often discuss the реальные доходы и заработки населения (real incomes and earnings of the population).

Financial News: Economists use 'заработок' to analyze purchasing power. You might hear: 'Средний заработок в IT-секторе продолжает расти'.

В новостях сказали, что средний заработок по стране вырос на пять процентов.

Another major area is job advertisements. While many ads specify a 'salary' (зарплата), others—especially for sales, delivery, or taxi services—will mention a 'possible earnings' (возможный заработок). This implies that the more you work, the more you make.

В объявлении обещали высокий заработок и гибкий график.

In casual conversation, friends might talk about 'уйти на вольные заработки'. This is a phrase that means leaving a steady job to become a freelancer or start a small business. It carries a sense of freedom but also risk.

Online Space: The internet is full of 'заработок в интернете' (making money online) schemes, ranging from legitimate remote work to scams. Russians use this term universally for any online income.

Он нашёл неплохой заработок на фриланс-бирже.

Legal and bureaucratic settings are also prime locations for this word. If you apply for a visa or a mortgage, you will likely need a 'справка о заработке' (proof of earnings/income statement).

Для получения кредита банк требует подтверждение вашего заработка.

Его заработок позволяет ему содержать большую семью.

Summary of Contexts: News, job ads, bank forms, casual chats about freelance, and legal discussions about compensation.

Whether you are watching a YouTube video about 'как увеличить свой заработок' or reading a government report, this word is everywhere. It is the bridge between 'labor' and 'lifestyle'.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is using заработок when they should use работа. Remember, 'работа' is the job itself, the place you go, or the task you do. 'Заработок' is the money you walk away with. You can't 'go to your заработок', but you can 'go for the sake of заработок'.

Confusion with Salary: Another mistake is treating 'заработок' and 'зарплата' as perfect synonyms. While often interchangeable, 'зарплата' is specifically your contractual salary. If you win money at a casino, it's neither. If you sell vegetables from your garden, it's 'заработок' but not 'зарплата'.

Incorrect: Моя заработок — учитель. (Should be: Моя работа — учитель.)

Case endings are another stumbling block. Because the word ends in a consonant, many learners forget to add the necessary endings in the oblique cases.

Incorrect: Он доволен свой заработок. (Should be: Он доволен своим заработком. - Instrumental case.)

Using the plural 'заработки' can also be tricky. While it's grammatically correct, it often implies 'seasonal earnings' or 'migrant labor'. If you have one steady job, use the singular.

Incorrect: Я ищу новые заработки. (Unless you are looking for multiple different side jobs, 'заработок' is better.)

Semantic Overlap: Be careful with 'доход' (income). 'Доход' is more general and includes things like inheritance or gifts. 'Заработок' is specifically earned through work.

Incorrect: Его заработок от аренды квартиры. (Better: Его доход от аренды. Rent isn't labor, so it's 'доход'.)

Correct: Это мой единственный источник заработка.

Checklist for Success: 1. Is it money from work? 2. Is it masculine? 3. Is the stress on the first 'а'? 4. Are you using the right case?

By avoiding these pitfalls, your Russian will sound much more professional and natural.

To truly master the vocabulary of money and work in Russian, you need to see how заработок sits among its cousins. While 'заработок' is the general term for earnings, other words specify the *nature* of that money.

Зарплата (Salary): Short for 'заработная плата'. This is the formal, fixed amount you get from an employer. It is more specific than 'заработок'.

Моя зарплата приходит пятого числа каждого месяца.

Доход (Income): The widest term. It includes earnings from work, but also from investments, rent, or selling an old car. All 'заработок' is 'доход', but not all 'доход' is 'заработок'.

Его годовой доход включает проценты по вкладам.

Выручка (Revenue/Takings): Specifically used for the total money taken in by a store or business before expenses. A taxi driver's 'выручка' is the total fares, but his 'заработок' is what he keeps after paying for gas and car rental.

Дневная выручка магазина составила сто тысяч рублей.

Гонорар (Honorarium/Fee): Used for creative or professional services, like an author's royalty or a speaker's fee.

Писатель получил крупный гонорар за новую книгу.

Эта подработка приносит ему больше, чем основная работа.

Summary Table: 1. Заработок: General earnings from labor. 2. Зарплата: Fixed salary. 3. Доход: Total income (all sources). 4. Выручка: Business revenue. 5. Гонорар: Professional/Creative fee.

Choosing the right word depends on how specific you want to be about where the money came from. For B1 learners, mastering 'заработок' and 'зарплата' is the first priority.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

Neutral

Informal

Child friendly

Jerga

Dato curioso

The English word 'robot' comes from the same Slavic root 'robota', introduced by Czech writer Karel Čapek in his 1920 play R.U.R.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /ˈzarəbətək/

US /ˈzɑːrəbətək/

за́-ра-бо-ток

Rima con

хоботок (proboscis) локоток (elbow dim.) ноготок (fingernail dim.) молоток (hammer) лоскуток (scrap) глоток (sip) цветок (flower) листок (leaf)

Errores comunes

Moving stress to the second syllable (за-рА-бо-ток).
Pronouncing the 'о' clearly instead of reducing it.
Confusing it with 'заработать' (the verb).

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 2/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'работа'.

Escritura 3/5

Requires correct case endings and stress.

Expresión oral 3/5

Must remember the stress on the first syllable.

Escucha 2/5

Commonly heard in many contexts.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

работа деньги зарабатывать много мало

Aprende después

доход прибыль налог бюджет расходы

Avanzado

рентабельность дивиденды активы пассивный доход инфляция

Gramática que debes saber

Masculine nouns ending in a consonant add -а in the genitive case.

Нет заработка.

The instrumental case for masculine nouns often uses the suffix -ом.

Доволен заработком.

The preposition 'о' requires the prepositional case (-е).

Мечтать о заработке.

Prefix 'за-' often indicates the successful attainment of something.

Заработать (to successfully earn).

Plural genitive of masculine nouns often ends in -ов.

Дифференциация заработков.

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Ejemplos por nivel

Мой заработок — сто рублей.

My earnings are one hundred rubles.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

Это твой заработок?

Is this your earnings?

Interrogative sentence.

У него маленький заработок.

He has small earnings.

Adjective 'маленький' modifies 'заработок'.

Где мой заработок?

Where are my earnings?

Question with 'где'.

Я хочу хороший заработок.

I want good earnings.

Accusative case (looks like nominative).

Это честный заработок.

This is honest earnings.

Adjective usage.

Её заработок — пятьсот долларов.

Her earnings are five hundred dollars.

Numerical expression.

Тут есть заработок?

Is there earnings here?

Existential 'есть'.

Она ищет дополнительный заработок.

She is looking for extra earnings.

Accusative case.

Его заработок вырос в этом месяце.

His earnings grew this month.

Past tense verb 'вырос'.

У них нет постоянного заработка.

They don't have permanent earnings.

Genitive case after 'нет'.

Это мой единственный заработок.

This is my only earnings.

Adjective 'единственный'.

Он доволен своим заработком.

He is happy with his earnings.

Instrumental case with 'доволен'.

Мы говорим о заработке.

We are talking about earnings.

Prepositional case with 'о'.

Для заработка нужно много работать.

To earn money, one needs to work a lot.

Genitive case with 'для'.

Какой у тебя средний заработок?

What is your average earnings?

Adjective 'средний'.

Стабильный заработок позволяет планировать отпуск.

Stable earnings allow one to plan a vacation.

Subject of the sentence.

Он лишился основного заработка из-за кризиса.

He lost his primary earnings due to the crisis.

Genitive case with 'лишиться'.

Интернет даёт возможность для лёгкого заработка.

The internet provides an opportunity for easy earnings.

Genitive case with 'для'.

Её заработок зависит от количества продаж.

Her earnings depend on the number of sales.

Verb 'зависит от' + genitive.

Я мечтаю о высоком заработке.

I dream of high earnings.

Prepositional case.

Заработок фрилансера часто бывает нестабильным.

A freelancer's earnings are often unstable.

Possessive genitive 'фрилансера'.

Они поехали на север за длинным заработком.

They went north for 'long' (high) earnings.

Idiomatic use of 'длинный заработок'.

Нужно подтвердить свой заработок справкой.

One needs to confirm their earnings with a certificate.

Accusative case.

Уровень заработка в IT-сфере выше среднего.

The level of earnings in the IT sector is above average.

Genitive case construction.

Необходимо учитывать инфляцию при расчёте заработка.

It is necessary to consider inflation when calculating earnings.

Genitive case.

Потеря заработка стала серьёзным ударом для семьи.

The loss of earnings was a serious blow to the family.

Abstract noun usage.

Он нашёл способ легализовать свой заработок.

He found a way to legalize his earnings.

Legal context.

Среднемесячный заработок составил пятьдесят тысяч.

The average monthly earnings amounted to fifty thousand.

Compound adjective 'среднемесячный'.

Заработок этой компании вырос за квартал.

This company's earnings grew over the quarter.

Business context.

Многие ищут заработок за границей.

Many look for earnings abroad.

Adverbial phrase 'за границей'.

Его честный заработок вызывал уважение.

His honest earnings commanded respect.

Moral evaluative adjective.

Дифференциация заработков ведёт к социальному неравенству.

Earnings differentiation leads to social inequality.

Plural genitive 'заработков'.

Заработок артиста часто зависит от гастролей.

An artist's earnings often depend on tours.

Professional context.

Он живёт на случайные заработки.

He lives on occasional earnings.

Plural accusative with 'на'.

Прозрачность заработков — важный аспект корпоративной культуры.

Earnings transparency is an important aspect of corporate culture.

Abstract concept.

Скрытый заработок может привести к проблемам с законом.

Hidden earnings can lead to problems with the law.

Adjective 'скрытый'.

Заработок в сельском хозяйстве носит сезонный характер.

Earnings in agriculture are seasonal in nature.

Formal phrase 'носит характер'.

Она недовольна своим мизерным заработком.

She is dissatisfied with her meager earnings.

Strong adjective 'мизерный'.

Индексация заработка проводится ежегодно.

Earnings indexation is carried out annually.

Passive construction.

Теневой заработок подрывает экономику государства.

Shadow earnings undermine the state economy.

Political/economic term 'теневой'.

Заработок — это не только деньги, но и мера труда.

Earnings are not just money, but also a measure of labor.

Philosophical statement.

Понятие заработка претерпело изменения в цифровую эпоху.

The concept of earnings has undergone changes in the digital age.

Formal verb 'претерпеть'.

Он всегда стремился к достойному заработку.

He always strived for a worthy income.

Dative case with 'стремиться к'.

Регулирование заработков — сложная задача для правительства.

Regulating earnings is a complex task for the government.

Verbal noun 'регулирование'.

Её заработок был соразмерен её таланту.

Her earnings were commensurate with her talent.

Adjective 'соразмерен'.

Заработки мигрантов часто переводятся на родину.

Migrants' earnings are often transferred to their homeland.

Social context.

В литературе заработок часто служит мотивом поступков.

In literature, earnings often serve as a motive for actions.

Literary analysis.

Colocaciones comunes

стабильный заработок

высокий заработок

дополнительный заработок

средний заработок

честный заработок

временный заработок

основной заработок

лёгкий заработок

потеря заработка

уровень заработка

Frases Comunes

в поисках заработка

остаться без заработка

лишиться заработка

источник заработка

справка о заработке

заработок в интернете

сдельный заработок

приличный заработок

реальный заработок

скрывать заработок

Se confunde a menudo con

заработок vs работа

Работа is the job; заработок is the money from the job.

заработок vs зарплата

Зарплата is a fixed salary; заработок is total earnings.

заработок vs доход

Доход includes non-work money like gifts or rent; заработок is only from labor.

Modismos y expresiones

"длинный рубль"

Easy or high earnings, often involving moving to a remote area.

Он поехал на Север за длинным рублём.

informal

"кусок хлеба"

A basic livelihood or means of survival.

Эта работа даёт мне кусок хлеба.

neutral

"бешеные деньги"

Huge, often undeserved amounts of money.

Там платят бешеные деньги.

informal

"копейки получать"

To earn very little money.

На этой работе я получаю копейки.

informal

"золотые горы обещать"

To promise huge earnings that are unrealistic.

Ему обещали золотые горы, а заплатили мало.

neutral

"сводить концы с концами"

To make just enough money to survive.

С таким заработком трудно сводить концы с концами.

neutral

"на вольные хлеба"

To go into freelancing or self-employment.

Он ушёл на вольные хлеба.

informal

"левый заработок"

Unofficial or illicit side income.

У него всегда был какой-то левый заработок.

slang

"кровные деньги"

Hard-earned money.

Я не хочу тратить свои кровные деньги на это.

informal

"набивать карман"

To earn money, often greedily or dishonestly.

Он только и думает, как набить карман.

informal

Fácil de confundir

заработок vs прибыль

Both involve money coming in.

Прибыль is for businesses (revenue minus costs). Заработок is for individuals (money for work).

Прибыль фирмы выросла, поэтому мой заработок тоже увеличился.

заработок vs выручка

Both relate to money received.

Выручка is the total cash taken in by a store. Заработок is what a person earns personally.

Выручка кафе была большой, но мой заработок официанта зависел от чаевых.

заработок vs гонорар

Both are payments for work.

Гонорар is usually a one-time fee for a creative or expert task. Заработок is more general.

Её гонорар за статью — это её единственный заработок в этом месяце.

заработок vs оклад

Both relate to pay.

Оклад is the base salary part of a paycheck, excluding bonuses. Заработок includes everything.

Мой оклад невелик, но общий заработок хороший за счёт премий.

заработок vs стипендия

Both are money received regularly.

Стипендия is for students. Заработок is for workers.

Стипендии не хватает, поэтому я ищу заработок.

Patrones de oraciones

У меня [adjective] заработок.

У меня хороший заработок.

Он ищет [adjective] заработок.

Он ищет дополнительный заработок.

Его заработок составляет [number].

Его заработок составляет пятьдесят тысяч.

Заработок зависит от [genitive].

Заработок зависит от стажа работы.

Для [genitive] нужно [verb].

Для заработка нужно много учиться.

Уровень заработка в [prepositional] выше, чем в [prepositional].

Уровень заработка в Москве выше, чем в Омске.

[Noun] ведёт к росту заработков.

Автоматизация ведёт к росту заработков специалистов.

Понятие заработка включает в себя [accusative].

Понятие заработка включает в себя все виды вознаграждений.

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

Verbos

Adjetivos

Relacionado

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

Very frequent in daily life, news, and business.

Errores comunes

Мой заработок — врач. → Моя работа — врач.
You cannot be a 'earnings'; you have a 'job'.
Я иду на заработок. → Я иду на работу.
You go to a place of work, not to the money itself.
У него большой заработок от лотереи. → У него большой выигрыш в лотерею.
Lottery money is not earned through labor.
Он доволен свой заработок. → Он доволен своим заработком.
The verb 'доволен' requires the instrumental case.
Я ищу заработок в банке. → Я ищу работу в банке.
Unless you are looking for the physical money, you are looking for a job position.

Consejos

Case Control

Remember that after 'без' (without), you must use the genitive: 'без заработка'. This is a common mistake for B1 learners.

Stress Check

Keep the stress on the first 'а'. If you say 'зарабОток', it sounds like a different word or simply wrong to a native ear.

Synonym Choice

Use 'зарплата' when talking about your official office job, and 'заработок' when talking about your overall financial success.

Money Talk

Russians might be vague about their 'заработок'. If someone says it's 'нормальный', they usually mean it's enough to live on but they aren't rich.

Adjective Pairing

To sound more native, use 'достойный' (worthy) instead of just 'хороший' when describing a good income.

Context Clues

In news reports, 'заработок' is often paired with 'население' (population). This helps you identify that they are talking about macroeconomics.

Side Hustles

If you are doing freelance work, call it your 'заработок'. It sounds more professional than just saying you have 'money'.

Formal Documents

When filling out a form, look for 'среднемесячный заработок'. This is where you put your average monthly income.

Long Ruble

Learn the phrase 'гнаться за длинным рублём'. It means to chase high earnings, often with some risk or in a difficult location.

Family Ties

Connect 'заработок' to 'работа'. If you know one, you know the other. They are inseparable in meaning and form.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Imagine you are 'ZA' (behind) your 'RABOTA' (work), and at the end of the day, you get a 'TOK' (token/coin) for it. ZA-RABOTA-TOK.

Asociación visual

Picture a person finishing a long task (ZA-) and a pile of coins appearing as the result (TOK).

Word Web

Деньги Труд Зарплата Фриланс Карьера Налоги Бюджет Семья

Desafío

Try to use 'заработок' in a sentence about your favorite hobby that could make you money.

Origen de la palabra

The word is derived from the Old East Slavic root 'работ-', which originally meant 'slavery' or 'servitude' (related to 'раб' - slave). Over time, it shifted to mean 'labor' or 'work' in general.

Significado original: Labor or the result of servitude.

Indo-European > Slavic > East Slavic > Russian.

Contexto cultural

Avoid asking people their exact 'заработок' in a first meeting; it can be seen as intrusive.

In English, we use 'earnings' or 'income'. 'Заработок' is often closer to 'earnings' because it implies labor.

The film 'Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears' discusses the earnings of different social classes. The song 'Заработок' by various Russian hip-hop artists often focuses on the hustle. Classic literature often uses 'заработки' to describe peasants going to the city for work.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Job Interview

Какой ожидаемый заработок?
Есть ли премии?
Как часто выплачивается заработок?
Это стабильный заработок?

Bank/Loan

Справка о заработке
Подтверждение дохода
Средний заработок за год
Уровень заработка

Casual Chat

Как заработок?
Хватает на жизнь?
Нашёл подработку?
Неплохой заработок для начала.

News/Economy

Рост заработков
Падение реальных заработков
Средний заработок по региону
Минимальный заработок

Freelance

Заработок в интернете
Сдельный заработок
Нестабильный заработок
Поиск новых заработков

Inicios de conversación

"Как ты думаешь, какой заработок сейчас считается достойным в твоём городе?"

"Важен ли для тебя стабильный заработок или ты предпочитаешь риск?"

"Был ли у тебя когда-нибудь необычный дополнительный заработок?"

"Как можно увеличить свой заработок без смены профессии?"

"Считаешь ли ты, что заработок в интернете — это будущее?"

Temas para diario

Опиши свой идеальный заработок: сколько это и как ты его получаешь.

Напиши о том, как изменился твой заработок за последние два года.

Расскажи историю о своём самом первом заработке в жизни.

Какие факторы, кроме денег, делают заработок 'хорошим' для тебя?

Порассуждай о том, почему в некоторых странах заработки выше, чем в других.

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

No, it can refer to any money earned from work, whether it's a daily fee, a one-time payment, or a monthly salary. It is a broad term for all labor-related income.

No, that would be a 'находка'. 'Заработок' must be earned through some kind of effort or labor.

It refers to 'shadow earnings'—money earned unofficially to avoid paying taxes. It is a common term in economic and legal discussions.

You can say 'У меня высокий заработок' or 'У меня высокий доход'. Both are correct, but 'доход' is slightly more formal and general.

Yes, but it often implies irregular or seasonal work, or working in multiple places. If you have one steady job, the singular is more natural.

'Оплата труда' is a more formal, bureaucratic term often used in labor laws and contracts. 'Заработок' is the common word used in daily life.

Usually, we use 'прибыль' or 'выручка' for companies. 'Заработок' is almost always applied to individuals or groups of people.

It means piece-rate pay, where you are paid for each unit you produce or each task you complete, rather than for the time spent.

No, that is a 'выигрыш'. You didn't work for it, so it's not a 'заработок'.

It is masculine. It ends in a consonant and follows the declension patterns of masculine nouns like 'дом' or 'стол'.

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