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A2 verb #1,700 सबसे आम 7 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

کم شدن

kam shodan शीर्ष 1,700

At the A1 level, you learn 'kam shodan' as a simple way to say something is 'getting less'. You might use it to talk about the weather (it's getting less hot) or your money (my money is getting less). It is one of the first compound verbs you encounter because 'kam' (little) and 'shodan' (to become) are very basic words. At this stage, focus on the present tense: 'kam mishavad' (it becomes less) and the past tense: 'kam shod' (it became less). You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just use it to describe simple changes you see around you, like the amount of water in a glass or the number of apples in a basket. It is the opposite of 'ziyad shodan' (to become more). Learners at this level should practice saying 'Gheimat kam shod' (The price decreased) as it is very useful in shops.

At the A2 level, you start using 'kam shodan' in more varied contexts, such as health, feelings, and daily routines. You understand that it is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject is the thing that is decreasing. You can now use it with prepositions like 'az' (from/of). For example, 'Az namak-e ghaza kam shod' (The salt in the food decreased). You are also becoming familiar with the present perfect tense 'kam shode ast' (it has decreased) to talk about recent changes. You might use it to tell a doctor 'Dard-am kam shode' (My pain has decreased). This level is about expanding the 'what' that is decreasing—from physical objects to abstract concepts like time, speed, and noise. You also start to distinguish it clearly from 'kam kardan' (to reduce something).

At the B1 level, you use 'kam shodan' fluently in conversations about the economy, social trends, and personal development. You are comfortable using the subjunctive mood 'kam beshavad' to express hopes or suggestions, such as 'Omidvaram terafik kam beshe' (I hope traffic decreases). You also begin to recognize the word in more formal contexts like news reports. You understand the nuances of using 'kam shodan' versus more specific verbs like 'za'if shodan' (to become weak) or 'kam-rang shodan' (to fade in color). Your sentence structures become more complex, incorporating adverbs like 'be tadrij' (gradually) or 'na-gahān' (suddenly). You can explain the reasons why something decreased using 'chon' (because) or 'be dalil-e' (due to).

At the B2 level, 'kam shodan' is a tool for detailed description and analysis. You can use it in academic or professional settings to describe data trends. You also start to use formal synonyms like 'kaaste shodan' in your writing to vary your vocabulary. You understand the passive-like nature of the verb and can use it to describe processes where the agent is not the focus. You are aware of idiomatic expressions involving the verb and can use it in the conditional tense ('agar kam mishod...'). At this level, you also notice how the verb is used in Persian literature to create mood or atmosphere. You can discuss complex topics like 'kam shodan-e manabe'-e abi' (the decrease of water resources) with appropriate technical vocabulary.

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the stylistic implications of choosing 'kam shodan' over its more formal or technical counterparts like 'taghlil yaftan' or 'tanazzol kardan'. You can use the verb in highly abstract ways, discussing the 'diminishing' of philosophical concepts or historical influence. You are sensitive to the rhythmic and poetic qualities of the verb in Persian verse. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the use of colloquial contractions and slang where appropriate. You can participate in debates about social issues, using the verb to describe subtle shifts in public opinion or cultural values. You also understand the historical etymology of the components and how they have evolved in the Persian language.

At the C2 level, 'kam shodan' is just one of many precise tools in your linguistic arsenal. You use it with total mastery, often employing it in sophisticated wordplay or irony. You can analyze classical texts where 'kam shodan' might have slightly different connotations than in modern Persian. You are capable of translating complex English concepts of 'diminishment', 'depletion', or 'ebbing' into the most appropriate Persian equivalent, whether it be 'kam shodan' or a more obscure literary term. You can write academic papers or give lectures where you use the verb to describe intricate scientific or economic phenomena. Your understanding includes the full range of register, from the most casual street talk to the highest forms of courtly Persian.

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

کم شدن 30 सेकंड में

Kam shodan means 'to decrease' or 'to become less'.
It is a compound verb using 'shodan' (to become).
It is intransitive; the subject is what decreases.
Commonly used for prices, noise, pain, and quantity.

The Persian compound verb کم شدن (kam shodan) is a fundamental building block of the language, primarily used to describe the process of reduction, decrease, or diminishing. At its core, it combines the adjective kam (little/less) with the auxiliary verb shodan (to become). This linguistic structure is typical of Persian, where a simple adjective or noun is transformed into a dynamic action. When you use this phrase, you are describing a change in state where something that was once more abundant, louder, or more intense is now less so.

Core Concept: The transition from a higher state of quantity or quality to a lower one.

صدای تلویزیون باید کم شود تا بچه بخوابد.

The TV volume must decrease so the baby can sleep.

In everyday life, this verb covers everything from the physical (losing weight, decreasing water levels) to the abstract (losing interest, decreasing pain). It is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject itself undergoes the change. If you want to say you are actively reducing something, you would use its transitive counterpart, کم کردن. Understanding this distinction is crucial for moving from A2 to B1 proficiency. For example, 'The price decreased' uses kam shodan, while 'I decreased the price' uses kam kardan.

Usage in Math: In subtraction, we often describe the result as the total becoming less.

تعداد دانش‌آموزان در کلاس کم شده است.

Furthermore, the verb is highly versatile across different registers. In formal Persian, you might encounter synonyms like kaaste shodan or taghlil yaftan, but in 90% of daily conversations, kam shodan is the preferred choice. It captures the essence of entropy and change in the physical world. Whether it's the sugar in your tea or the population of a village, this verb is the primary tool for expressing 'lessening'.

نور خورشید عصرها کم می‌شود.

Emotional Context: It is frequently used to describe the fading of feelings or pain.

درد من بعد از دارو کم شد.

علاقه او به فوتبال کم شده است.

Using کم شدن correctly requires an understanding of Persian compound verb conjugation. Since the first part, kam, is an adjective, it remains static. All the grammatical heavy lifting—tense, mood, and person—is done by the auxiliary verb shodan. This makes it relatively easy for learners once they master the patterns of 'to become'.

Present Tense: Formed by 'kam' + 'mi' + present stem (shav) + ending. Example: 'kam mishavad' (it decreases).

هر روز از تعداد درختان جنگل کم می‌شود.

In the past tense, you use the past stem shod. For example, 'kam shod' (it decreased). This is commonly used in news reports about the economy or weather. A key aspect of using this verb is the preposition az (from). When you want to say 'something of a larger group decreased', you use az. For example, 'Az poolam kam shod' (My money decreased/Some of my money was taken away).

Negative Form: Simply add 'na' to the auxiliary. 'Kam nemishavad' (It does not decrease).

وزن من اصلا کم نمی‌شود!

Another advanced usage involves the subjunctive mood. When expressing a wish or necessity, 'shodan' changes to 'beshavad'. 'Omidvaram gheimat-ha kam beshavad' (I hope prices decrease). This is a very common structure in polite conversation and formal writing. Note that in colloquial Persian, 'mishavad' often sounds like 'mishe' and 'beshavad' sounds like 'beshe'.

باید مصرف آب کم بشود.

Perfect Tense: 'Kam shode ast' (It has decreased). Used for recent events with current relevance.

ترافیک نسبت به دیروز کم شده است.

چرا شارژ گوشی من انقدر زود کم می‌شود؟

You will encounter کم شدن in a vast array of contexts, from the evening news to a casual chat at a fruit stand. In the economic sphere, it is the standard way to talk about inflation, currency value, and stock prices. If the value of the Rial drops, news anchors will say 'Arzesh-e Rial kam shod'. This makes it an essential word for anyone following Iranian current affairs.

The Marketplace: Used when bargaining or discussing the availability of goods.

موجودی این کالا در بازار کم شده.

In health and medical contexts, doctors and patients use it constantly. Whether discussing a fever breaking, blood pressure dropping, or appetite diminishing, kam shodan is the go-to verb. It is also used in weather reports to describe temperature drops or the decrease in rainfall. 'Dama-ye hava kam mishavad' (The air temperature is decreasing) is a phrase you'll hear every autumn.

Technology: Referring to battery life, signal strength, or storage space.

سرعت اینترنت ناگهان کم شد.

Socially, it can describe the frequency of visits or communication. If a friend hasn't called in a while, someone might say 'Raft o amadet kam shode' (Your coming and going—visiting—has decreased). It can also be used in a more poetic sense in Persian literature and music to describe the fading of light, the passing of youth, or the diminishing of hope.

نور شمع کم‌کم کم شد و خاموش گشت.

Education: Talking about grades or the number of students in a course.

نمره‌ام به خاطر یک غلط کم شد.

فاصله ما با مقصد کم شده است.

The most frequent error for English speakers is confusing کم شدن (to become less) with کم کردن (to make less). This is the classic intransitive vs. transitive distinction. If you say 'Man gheimat-ha ra kam shodam', you are literally saying 'I became less prices', which is nonsensical. You must use kardan when there is a direct object being reduced by an agent.

Transitive vs. Intransitive: Use 'kam shodan' for things happening on their own. Use 'kam kardan' when you do the action.

اشتباه: من صدای رادیو را کم شدم. (Wrong)

Another mistake involves the word order in complex sentences. Since kam shodan is a compound verb, the 'kam' and 'shodan' should generally stay together, though in poetry or very formal prose, they might be separated. Beginners also often forget the 'mi-' prefix in the present continuous tense, saying 'kam shavad' instead of 'kam mishavad' for 'it is decreasing'.

Preposition Errors: Using 'be' instead of 'az' when describing what is being reduced.

درست: از نمک غذا کم شد. (The salt in the food decreased.)

Finally, watch out for the 'passive' trap. Because shodan is also the auxiliary for the passive voice in Persian, some learners think kam shodan is the passive of kam kardan. While logically similar, kam shodan is treated as its own intransitive verb. In many cases, they are interchangeable, but kam shodan sounds more natural when the cause of the decrease is unknown or irrelevant.

اشتباه: پول من کم کرده شد. (Awkward passive)

Plurality: If the subject is plural but inanimate, the verb can stay singular. 'Gheimat-ha kam shod'.

تعداد روزهای تعطیل کم شده است.

از علاقه مردم به این فیلم کم نشد.

Persian is rich with synonyms for 'decreasing', each with a slightly different nuance. While کم شدن is the most general and common, knowing others will help you understand more formal texts. The most direct formal synonym is kaaste shodan (کاسته شدن). This is often used in literature or formal news to describe a reduction in value or quantity.

Kam Shodan vs. Kaaste Shodan: 'Kam shodan' is for everyday use; 'Kaaste shodan' is for formal writing and high-level discourse.

از اهمیت این موضوع کاسته شده است.

Another important word is forookesh kardan (فروکش کردن). This is specifically used for things that 'subside' or 'die down', like a storm, a flood, or an epidemic. You wouldn't use kam shodan for a flood if you wanted to sound precise; forookesh kardan implies a return to a calmer state. Similarly, taghlil yaftan (تقلیل یافتن) is a very formal, almost bureaucratic term for reduction.

Antonyms: The direct opposite is 'ziyad shodan' (to increase) or 'afzayesh yaftan' (formal increase).

قیمت‌ها به جای اینکه کم شوند، زیاد شدند.

For intensity, you might hear foro-neshastan (to settle/subside), often used for dust or anger. In the context of light or sound, za'if shodan (to become weak) is also a frequent alternative to kam shodan. While kam shodan focuses on the quantity, za'if shodan focuses on the strength or power of the thing decreasing.

صدای او به تدریج ضعیف شد.

Summary of Levels: A2: Kam shodan | B2: Kaaste shodan | C1: Taghlil yaftan.

از فشار کاری من کم شده است.

امیدوارم مشکلات کم شود.

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

अनौपचारिक

बोलचाल

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

آب کم شد.

The water decreased.

Simple past tense.

پول من کم است.

My money is little (has decreased).

Using 'kam' as an adjective.

صدای رادیو کم شد.

The radio volume decreased.

Intransitive usage.

تعداد سیب‌ها کم شد.

The number of apples decreased.

Subject is 'tedad' (number).

هوا کم‌کم سرد شد.

The weather gradually became cold.

Adverb 'kam-kam' (gradually).

نور اتاق کم شد.

The room light decreased.

Simple past.

سرعت ماشین کم شد.

The car's speed decreased.

Common daily usage.

چای من کم شد.

My tea decreased (I drank some).

Informal usage.

وزن او در این ماه کم شد.

His weight decreased this month.

Health context.

از نمک غذا کم شده است.

The salt in the food has decreased.

Present perfect with 'az'.

قیمت بلیط هواپیما کم شد.

The airplane ticket price decreased.

Economic context.

ترافیک امروز خیلی کم است.

Traffic is very little today.

Describing a state.

درد من بعد از استراحت کم شد.

My pain decreased after resting.

Medical context.

تعداد مهمان‌ها کم شد.

The number of guests decreased.

Plural subject.

شارژ باتری گوشی کم شده.

The phone battery charge has decreased.

Colloquial present perfect.

نمره من در امتحان کم شد.

My grade on the exam decreased.

Educational context.

امیدوارم مشکلات شما کم شود.

I hope your problems decrease.

Subjunctive mood.

علاقه او به این کار کم شده است.

His interest in this work has decreased.

Abstract concept.

فاصله ما با شهر کم می‌شود.

Our distance from the city is decreasing.

Present continuous.

از شدت باران کم شده است.

The intensity of the rain has decreased.

Using 'sheddat' (intensity).

باید مصرف برق را کم کنیم تا هزینه‌ها کم شود.

We must reduce electricity use so costs decrease.

Contrast between 'kam kardan' and 'kam shodan'.

تعداد داوطلبان نسبت به پارسال کم شد.

The number of volunteers decreased compared to last year.

Comparison using 'nesbat be'.

نور خورشید در زمستان کم می‌شود.

Sunlight decreases in winter.

General truth.

احترام او در میان مردم کم شد.

His respect among the people decreased.

Social context.

با افزایش تولید، قیمت‌ها کم خواهد شد.

With increased production, prices will decrease.

Future tense.

از ارزش پول ملی در بازار جهانی کم شد.

The value of the national currency decreased in the global market.

Formal economic usage.

به تدریج از تعداد بی‌کاران کم می‌شود.

Gradually, the number of unemployed people is decreasing.

Formal present continuous.

فشار خون بیمار به آرامی کم شد.

The patient's blood pressure decreased slowly.

Technical context.

از محبوبیت این حزب سیاسی کم شده است.

The popularity of this political party has decreased.

Political context.

اگر بارندگی کم شود، با خشکسالی روبرو می‌شویم.

If rainfall decreases, we will face drought.

Conditional sentence.

در این فصل، از طول روز کم می‌شود.

In this season, the length of the day decreases.

Natural phenomenon.

از قدرت امپراتوری به مرور زمان کم شد.

The power of the empire decreased over time.

Historical context.

از ابهت این بنای تاریخی چیزی کم نشده است.

Nothing has diminished from the grandeur of this historical building.

Emphatic negative.

با گذشت زمان، از سوزش زخم کم شد.

With the passage of time, the burning of the wound decreased.

Metaphorical/Physical mix.

از غلظت محلول در اثر تبخیر کم نمی‌شود.

The concentration of the solution does not decrease due to evaporation.

Scientific context.

از سهمیه بنزین خودروها کم شده است.

The gasoline quota for cars has been decreased.

Administrative context.

از اشتیاق او برای یادگیری هرگز کم نشد.

His enthusiasm for learning never decreased.

Abstract persistence.

با تغییر قوانین، از اختیارات مدیر کم شد.

With the change in laws, the manager's authority decreased.

Legal/Professional context.

از نفوذ معنوی او در جامعه کم شده است.

His spiritual influence in society has decreased.

Sociological context.

از حلاوت این پیروزی با تلخی حوادث بعدی کم شد.

The sweetness of this victory was diminished by the bitterness of subsequent events.

Literary/Metaphorical.

از ضریب خطای دستگاه به طرز چشمگیری کم شده است.

The error margin of the device has decreased significantly.

Technical/Scientific.

هیچ از ارادت من به شما کم نخواهد شد.

Nothing will ever diminish my devotion to you.

Formal/Poetic devotion.

از تراکم جمعیت در مناطق مرکزی شهر کم شده است.

The population density in the central areas of the city has decreased.

Demographic analysis.

از وجاهت قانونی این مصوبه کم شده است.

The legal validity/prestige of this resolution has decreased.

Legal jargon.

از برندگی شمشیر در اثر زنگ‌زدگی کم شد.

The sharpness of the sword decreased due to rust.

Descriptive/Literary.

از بار معنایی کلمات در ترجمه ناخودآگاه کم می‌شود.

The semantic weight of words is unconsciously diminished in translation.

Linguistic theory.

از عیار طلای به کار رفته در جواهر کم شده بود.

The karat of the gold used in the jewelry had been decreased.

Technical/Forensic.

از صولت و هیبت کوهستان با هجوم گردشگران کم شد.

The majesty and awe of the mountains decreased with the influx of tourists.

High literary style.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

قیمت کم شدن

تعداد کم شدن

صدای کم شدن

درد کم شدن

وزن کم شدن

نور کم شدن

سرعت کم شدن

علاقه کم شدن

احتمال کم شدن

فاصله کم شدن

सामान्य वाक्यांश

از ارزش افتادن

کم و بیش

رو به کاهش

کم آوردن

سایه شما کم نشود

دستم کم شد

نور چشمم کم شد

از سکه افتادن

آب رفتن

فروکش کردن تب

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

کم شدن vs کم کردن (transitive)

کم شدن vs گم شدن (to be lost)

کم شدن vs کم آمدن (to be insufficient)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

کم شدن vs کم کردن

To actively reduce something (transitive).

کم شدن vs گم شدن

To get lost (different first letter).

کم شدن vs کم آمدن

To run short of something.

کم شدن vs کاستن

The formal root of 'kaaste shodan'.

کم شدن vs کوتاه شدن

To become short (length) rather than less (quantity).

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

nuance

'Kam shodan' is neutral; 'Oft kardan' is usually negative.

preposition

Usually takes 'az' for the source of reduction.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using 'ra' with 'kam shodan'.
Confusing 'kam shodan' with 'gom shodan'.
Forgetting the 'mi-' in present tense.
Using 'kam kardan' when the thing reduces itself.
Mispronouncing 'shodan' as 'shodan' with a hard 'o'.

सुझाव

Subject-Verb Agreement

If the subject is inanimate and plural, the verb can be singular.

Formal Alternative

Use 'kaahesh yaftan' in academic essays.

Spoken Persian

In Tehran, 'mishavad' sounds like 'mishe'.

Shopping

Use it when asking if a price can be lowered: 'Emkanesh hast gheimat kam beshe?'

The 'Shodan' Rule

Remember that 'shodan' always indicates a change of state.

Prepositions

Always use 'az' if you are taking away from a whole.

Taarof

Learn the phrase 'Saye-toon kam nashe'.

News

Listen for 'kaahesh' in economic news; it's the noun form.

Health

Use it to describe symptoms improving.

Don't confuse

Never use 'ra' with 'kam shodan' because it's intransitive.

याद करें

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Used in Taarof to express humility.

Sometimes used to describe the 'evil eye' causing a decrease in luck.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"آیا قیمت‌ها در کشور شما کم شده است؟"

"چطور می‌توانیم مصرف پلاستیک را کم کنیم؟"

"آیا ترافیک شهر شما در تابستان کم می‌شود؟"

"چه زمانی درد شما کم شد؟"

"چرا علاقه جوانان به کتاب خواندن کم شده است؟"

डायरी विषय

Write about a time your stress decreased.

Describe how the weather changes and temperatures decrease in autumn.

Discuss why some people's motivation decreases over time.

Write a short story about a river that is slowly decreasing in water.

Reflect on a habit you want to decrease in your life.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Usually no, unless you mean their number (population) or weight. You don't say a person 'decreased' unless it's metaphorical.

'Kam shodan' is everyday Persian. 'Kaaste shodan' is formal, literary, and often used in written news.

You can say 'Waznam kam shod' (My weight decreased).

It functions like a passive (something becomes less), but grammatically it is an intransitive compound verb.

Yes, 'Vaghtam kam shod' means my time became limited.

The most common opposite is 'ziyad shodan'.

No, that is 'gom shodan'. They sound similar but are different.

Yes, it is the standard way to say prices went down.

Kam khahad shod.

Yes, very often to describe the fading of life, light, or love.