施設 30 सेकंड में
- A formal term for a functional building or establishment.
- Commonly used for public, medical, and social welfare contexts.
- Implies both the physical structure and the service provided.
- Essential for discussing urban planning and social services.
The Japanese word 施設 (しせつ - shisetsu) is a comprehensive noun that refers to a physical establishment, building, or set of equipment designed for a specific social, public, or functional purpose. Unlike the generic word for building (建物 - tatemono), 施設 implies an underlying service, organization, or utility. It is the intersection of architecture and function.
- Public Utility
- Refers to libraries, parks, and community centers provided by the government.
- Social Welfare
- Commonly used for nursing homes (介護施設) or orphanages (児童養護施設).
- Infrastructure
- Includes industrial or technical setups like waste processing plants or research labs.
"この町には、子供たちが遊べる施設がもっと必要だ。" (This town needs more facilities where children can play.)
When you encounter this word, think of it as 'an institution with a roof.' It is rarely used for private homes or commercial shops unless they provide a specific community service. For example, a department store is a 建物 (building), but a public hospital is a 医療施設 (medical facility). The nuance of purpose-driven space is key to mastering its usage in B1-level Japanese and beyond.
高齢者向けの施設を建設する計画があります。
研究施設への立ち入りは制限されています。
宿泊施設の予約を確認してください。
公共の施設を大切に使いましょう。
- Context: Urban Planning
- Planners use 施設 to describe the distribution of resources across a city grid.
- Context: Tourism
- Hotels and resorts are often grouped under 宿泊施設 (lodging facilities).
Using 施設 correctly requires understanding its role as a formal noun. It is often paired with verbs like 利用する (to use), 運営する (to operate), or 建設する (to construct). In professional and academic writing, it serves as a categorizing suffix to turn a specific activity into a physical location.
- Compound Nouns: Combine [Purpose] + 施設. Examples: 教育施設 (Educational), 商業施設 (Commercial), 宿泊施設 (Lodging).
- Grammar Patterns: [Organization] が [施設] を管理する (The organization manages the facility).
In conversation, you might say "施設の人" (the person from the facility) when referring to staff at a nursing home or community center. This demonstrates how the word encompasses both the physical space and the organizational entity behind it. When describing the quality of a facility, use adjectives like 充実している (well-equipped) or 老朽化している (dilapidated).
最新の設備を整えた施設がオープンしました。
Furthermore, the word is indispensable in legal and administrative contexts. For instance, fire safety regulations (消防法) strictly define what constitutes a 'specified facility' (特定施設). For learners, the most common encounter will be in travel (lodging) or local life (public gyms/libraries).
You will encounter 施設 in a variety of formal and semi-formal settings. It is a staple of news broadcasts, government announcements, and corporate reports. If you are walking through a Japanese city, you will see it on maps and signage indicating 'Public Facilities' (公共施設).
- News & Media
- Reports on new social welfare policies or the opening of a new research hub.
- Travel & Hospitality
- Booking websites categorize hotels, ryokans, and hostels as 宿泊施設.
- Daily Life
- Announcements at the ward office (区役所) regarding community centers.
In anime or drama, it might be used in a more somber tone to refer to a protagonist's upbringing in an orphanage (施設育ち). This specific usage highlights the word's institutional weight. In a business context, a company might discuss their 'production facilities' (生産施設) during a quarterly review.
The most frequent mistake is confusing 施設 with 設備 (setsubi). While they share the kanji 設 (establish), they refer to different scales of things. 施設 is the whole building or complex, whereas 設備 refers to the specific equipment or fixtures inside that building (like air conditioning or machinery).
- Wrong: この部屋の施設は新しい。(The 'facility' of this room is new.)
- Right: この部屋の設備は新しい。(The 'equipment/fixtures' in this room are new.)
Another mistake is using 施設 for small, private shops. You wouldn't call a tiny ramen shop a 'shisetsu.' It sounds too grand and institutional. Stick to 建物 or 店 for those. Lastly, ensure you don't confuse it with 機関 (kikan), which refers to the 'institution' as an abstract organization rather than the physical building.
Understanding the synonyms of 施設 helps refine your vocabulary precision. Each word carries a slightly different nuance regarding physical form vs. organizational function.
- 建物 (Tatemono)
- A generic building. Focuses on the physical structure (walls, roof) without regard for purpose.
- 設備 (Setsubi)
- Equipment, facilities, or installations. The internal components that make a building functional.
- 機関 (Kikan)
- An organ, agency, or institution. Focuses on the administrative or social function (e.g., educational institution).
- 拠点 (Kyoten)
- A base or hub. Used for a strategic location, like a 'distribution base' (配送拠点).
In many cases, these words are used together. For example: "この教育施設には、最新の教育設備が整っており、地域の重要な教育機関として機能している。" (This educational facility is equipped with the latest educational equipment and functions as an important regional educational institution.)
How Formal Is It?
कठिनाई स्तर
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
Noun + を利用する (Using a noun)
Noun + に入所する (Entering an institution)
Noun + が充実している (Being well-equipped)
Noun + の運営 (Management of Noun)
Noun + を建設する (Constructing a Noun)
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
この施設はとても大きいです。
This facility is very big.
Simple noun + wa + adjective.
ここはスポーツの施設です。
This is a sports facility.
Noun + no + Noun.
施設の中にトイレがあります。
There is a toilet inside the facility.
Noun + no naka ni.
新しい施設ができました。
A new facility was built.
Subject + ga + dekita (past tense).
施設はどこですか？
Where is the facility?
Question form.
あの施設はきれいです。
That facility is clean.
Demonstrative + noun.
施設で休みましょう。
Let's rest at the facility.
Location + de + yasumou (volitional).
この施設は無料です。
This facility is free of charge.
Noun + wa + muryou.
宿泊施設を予約しました。
I booked a lodging facility.
Compound noun + o + verb.
市の施設を利用します。
I use the city's facilities.
Possessive + noun + o + riyou suru.
施設の中に売店があります。
There is a shop inside the facility.
Existence sentence.
この施設は月曜日が休みです。
This facility is closed on Mondays.
Topic + day + ga + yasumi.
古い施設を直しています。
They are repairing the old facility.
Adjective + noun + o + te-iru.
施設の前に車を止めないでください。
Please do not park cars in front of the facility.
Negative request.
子供のための施設が多いです。
There are many facilities for children.
Tame no + noun.
施設の案内図を見ます。
I look at the facility's guide map.
Noun + no + noun.
公共施設ではマナーを守りましょう。
Let's follow manners in public facilities.
Koukyou shisetsu (Public facility).
介護施設でボランティアをしています。
I am volunteering at a nursing facility.
Kaigo shisetsu (Nursing facility).
この町は文化施設が充実している。
This town is well-equipped with cultural facilities.
Jyuujitsu shite iru (is well-equipped).
避難施設への経路を確認する。
Confirm the route to the evacuation facility.
Hinan shisetsu (Evacuation facility).
施設の運営には多額の費用がかかる。
Operating the facility costs a large amount of money.
Unei (Management/Operation).
研究施設の見学を申し込んだ。
I applied for a tour of the research facility.
Ken-gaku (Observation/Tour).
バリアフリーの施設が増えている。
Barrier-free facilities are increasing.
Barrier-free (loanword).
商業施設の中に映画館がある。
There is a movie theater inside the commercial facility.
Shougyou shisetsu (Commercial facility).
老朽化した施設を建て替える必要がある。
It is necessary to rebuild the aging facilities.
Roukyuuka (Aging/Dilapidation).
医療施設が不足している地域がある。
There are regions where medical facilities are lacking.
Fusoku (Shortage).
施設の利用規約をよく読んでください。
Please read the facility's terms of use carefully.
Riyou kiyaku (Terms of use).
この施設は太陽光発電を導入している。
This facility has introduced solar power generation.
Dounyuu (Introduction/Implementation).
教育施設としての機能を強化する。
Strengthen its function as an educational facility.
Kinou o kyouka suru.
産業廃棄物の処理施設を建設する。
Construct a treatment facility for industrial waste.
Sangyou haikibutsu (Industrial waste).
施設の維持管理費が問題になっている。
The maintenance and management costs of the facility are becoming a problem.
Iji kanri-hi (Maintenance costs).
複合施設にはオフィスと店舗が入っている。
The multi-purpose complex contains offices and shops.
Fukugou shisetsu (Complex facility).
更生施設における再犯防止プログラム。
Recidivism prevention programs in rehabilitation facilities.
Kousei shisetsu (Rehab/Correctional facility).
施設の民営化がサービスの質に与える影響。
The impact of facility privatization on service quality.
Min-eika (Privatization).
核燃料サイクル施設の安全性を検証する。
Verify the safety of nuclear fuel cycle facilities.
Kenshou (Verification).
福祉施設の入所待機者問題が深刻だ。
The problem of people waiting to enter welfare facilities is serious.
Nyuusho taikisha (Waiting list for entry).
研究施設の知的財産権を保護する。
Protect the intellectual property rights of research facilities.
Chiteki zaisanken (IP rights).
施設内の情報セキュリティ対策を講じる。
Take information security measures within the facility.
Taisaku o koujiru (Take measures).
養護施設の退所後の自立支援が課題だ。
Support for independence after leaving a foster care facility is a challenge.
Taisho (Leaving a facility).
施設の立地条件が周辺住民に配慮されている。
The location conditions of the facility consider the surrounding residents.
Ritchi jouken (Location conditions).
施設の機能不全が地域社会に混乱を招いた。
The dysfunction of the facility caused chaos in the local community.
Kinou fuzen (Dysfunction).
矯正施設における人権保障の在り方を問う。
Question the nature of human rights guarantees in correctional facilities.
Kyousei shisetsu (Correctional facility).
施設の老朽化に伴う構造的欠陥が露呈した。
Structural defects accompanying the aging of the facility were exposed.
Rotai (Exposure/Coming to light).
高度経済成長期に整備された施設の更新時期。
The renewal period for facilities established during the high economic growth period.
Seibi (Establishment/Preparation).
施設の多目的利用による収益性の向上を図る。
Aim to improve profitability through multi-purpose use of the facility.
Shuuekisei (Profitability).
社会資本としての施設の公共性を再定義する。
Redefine the public nature of facilities as social capital.
Shakai shihon (Social capital).
施設の閉鎖が雇用情勢に及ぼす影響を分析する。
Analyze the impact of facility closures on the employment situation.
Heisa (Closure).
最先端のバイオテクノロジー研究施設を誘致する。
Attract cutting-edge biotechnology research facilities.
Yuuchi (Attraction/Luring).
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Setsubi is equipment inside; Shisetsu is the whole place.
Tatemono is the physical structure; Shisetsu is the functional institution.
Kikan is the abstract organization; Shisetsu is the physical complex.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
[Purpose] + 施設
教育施設
施設を + [Verb]
施設を運営する
施設に + [Verb]
施設に入居する
施設で + [Verb]
施設で働く
施設が + [Adjective]
施設が古い
施設の + [Noun]
施設の規則
[Location] の施設
市の施設
[Organization] が管理する施設
国が管理する施設
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Institutional, formal, functional.
While 'nature' is a conceptual antonym, 'private home' is the functional opposite.
सुझाव
Group by Purpose
Learn 施設 with prefixes like 医療, 教育, and 宿泊 to quickly expand your formal vocabulary.
Particle Usage
Use 'de' when an action happens inside (施設で遊ぶ) and 'ni' when moving into it (施設に入る).
Politeness
Using 'shisetsu' in business emails sounds much more professional than using 'tatemono'.
Kanji Breakdown
The first kanji 施 (shi) is also in 'jisshi' (implementation). Think of it as 'implementing a service'.
Pitch Accent
Remember the accent is on the first syllable: SHI-setsu. This helps you sound more natural.
Essay Tip
When writing about urban development, use 'shisetsu no seibi' to mean 'the improvement of facilities'.
News Keywords
News often mentions 'shisetsu' when talking about government budgets or social welfare.
Sensitive Use
Be aware that 'shisetsu' alone can imply an orphanage; context is vital.
Booking Sites
Look for the word 'shisetsu' on Japanese travel sites to find details about hotel amenities.
Contrast with Setsubi
Regularly quiz yourself on 'shisetsu' (the place) vs 'setsubi' (the things inside).
याद करें
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Sino-Japanese (Kango)
सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
Multi-purpose 'complex facilities' (複合施設) like Roppongi Hills are common in big cities.
Evacuation centers (避難施設) are a critical part of Japanese life due to earthquakes.
The term is central to the 'Kaigo' (nursing care) industry.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"この近くに、いいスポーツ施設はありますか？ (Are there any good sports facilities near here?)"
"最近、新しい商業施設がオープンしたそうですよ。 (I heard a new commercial facility opened recently.)"
"この施設は、誰でも利用できるんですか？ (Can anyone use this facility?)"
"宿泊施設を選ぶとき、何を一番重視しますか？ (What do you value most when choosing a lodging facility?)"
"震災の時、どの施設が避難所になりますか？ (Which facility will become a shelter during an earthquake?)"
डायरी विषय
あなたの町にある便利な施設について書いてください。 (Write about a convenient facility in your town.)
将来、どのような介護施設が必要になると思いますか？ (What kind of nursing facilities do you think will be needed in the future?)
今まで行った中で、一番印象的だった施設はどこですか？ (What is the most impressive facility you have ever visited?)
公共施設を無料で開放することのメリットとデメリットを考えてください。 (Consider the pros and cons of opening public facilities for free.)
新しい研究施設を作るなら、どのような研究をしたいですか？ (If you were to build a new research facility, what kind of research would you want to do?)
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालNo, 'shisetsu' is for public or functional establishments. Use 'uchi' or 'jitaku' for your house.
Yes, a park is considered a 'koukyou shisetsu' (public facility) because it is a managed space for public use.
'Biru' (building) refers to the architectural style (usually tall/modern). 'Shisetsu' refers to the purpose.
You can say 'kaigo shisetsu' or 'roujin shisetsu,' though 'roujin hoomu' is also very common.
Yes, it is a formal word. In casual conversation, people often use the specific name of the place.
No, it only refers to physical locations and equipment.
It means 'inside the facility' (e.g., shisetsu-nai kenshuu = in-facility training).
Yes, it is an 'kyouiku shisetsu' (educational facility).
Usually no. It sounds too institutional. Use 'mise' (shop).
It is a 'complex facility' that combines different types of spaces, like shops, offices, and a hotel in one building.
खुद को परखो 180 सवाल
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
施設 (shisetsu) is more than just a 'building'; it is a 'facility' or 'institution' that serves a specific social or functional role, often in public or formal contexts.
- A formal term for a functional building or establishment.
- Commonly used for public, medical, and social welfare contexts.
- Implies both the physical structure and the service provided.
- Essential for discussing urban planning and social services.
Group by Purpose
Learn 施設 with prefixes like 医療, 教育, and 宿泊 to quickly expand your formal vocabulary.
Particle Usage
Use 'de' when an action happens inside (施設で遊ぶ) and 'ni' when moving into it (施設に入る).
Politeness
Using 'shisetsu' in business emails sounds much more professional than using 'tatemono'.
Kanji Breakdown
The first kanji 施 (shi) is also in 'jisshi' (implementation). Think of it as 'implementing a service'.
उदाहरण
この町には公共施設が充実している。
संबंधित सामग्री
संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स
society के और शब्द
活動
B1एक चीज़ जो कोई व्यक्ति या समूह करता है या कर चुका है; गतिविधि।
実態
B1किसी स्थिति की वास्तविक स्थिति या वास्तविकता, विशेष रूप से इसके विपरीत कि इसे कैसा माना जाता है।
行政
B1प्रशासन कानून को लागू करने और सार्वजनिक कार्यों के प्रबंधन के लिए जिम्मेदार है।
アメリカ
A1संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका। जापानी भाषा में अमेरिका के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाने वाला सामान्य शब्द।
権威
B1आदेश देने या निर्णय लेने की शक्ति। वह इस क्षेत्र के एक प्रतिष्ठित विद्वान हैं।
恩恵
B1A benefit or advantage derived from something. Used in IELTS for discussing the pros of technology or nature.
偏向
B2एक पक्षपात, झुकाव, या एक विशिष्ट दिशा या विचारधारा की ओर झुकाव, अक्सर मीडिया या राजनीतिक विचारों का वर्णन करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है।
候補者
B2A person who is being considered for a position, an award, or an office; a candidate.
慈善
B2Help or money given to those in need; an organization set up to provide help and raise money for those in need.
育児
B2जन्म से लेकर स्वतंत्र होने तक बच्चे की देखभाल और पालन-पोषण की प्रक्रिया।
