신고
신고 30 सेकंड में
- 신고 is a noun meaning an official report or notification to authorities like the police or government offices.
- It is commonly used as a verb by adding '하다' (신고하다), meaning to formally declare or report something.
- Key contexts include reporting crimes (112), fires (119), moving house (전입신고), and filing taxes (세금 신고).
- It differs from '보고' (reporting to a boss) as it always involves an official or administrative recipient.
The Korean word 신고 (Singo) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'report,' 'notification,' or 'declaration.' At its core, it refers to the formal act of informing a public office, authority, or institution about a specific fact, occurrence, or legal status. Unlike a casual mention or a simple report to a boss (which would be 보고), 신고 carries a weight of administrative or legal obligation. It is the bridge between a private individual's experience and the state's record-keeping or enforcement mechanisms.
- Administrative Essence
- The process of documenting life events like births, deaths, or marriages with the government.
- Legal Obligation
- The duty to inform police or fire departments about emergencies or crimes.
- Financial Transparency
- The act of declaring income or assets for taxation purposes.
"경찰에 분실물 신고를 하러 왔어요." (I came to report a lost item to the police.)
Understanding 신고 requires recognizing the 'authority' involved. Whether you are reporting a crime to 112, a fire to 119, or your new address to the local community center (전입신고), you are engaging in a 신고. It is not merely sharing information; it is triggering a formal process. For instance, when you arrive in Korea, you might need to perform a '입국 신고' (entry declaration/report). This formal nature distinguishes it from other 'reporting' words in Korean.
"이사 후에 전입 신고를 잊지 마세요." (Don't forget to report your move-in after moving.)
In a broader sense, 신고 covers everything from 'tax returns' (소득세 신고) to 'reporting a suspicious person' (거동 수상자 신고). The word is composed of the Hanja 申 (to explain/notify) and 告 (to tell/announce). Together, they imply a structured communication to a higher or official entity. This word is ubiquitous in Korean daily life because of the country's highly organized administrative systems.
"허위 신고는 법적 처벌을 받을 수 있습니다." (False reporting can be subject to legal punishment.)
- Public Safety
- Reporting accidents or suspicious activities to ensure community security.
- Civil Rights
- Registering major life changes to ensure legal protection and benefits.
"세금 신고 기간이 다가오고 있어요." (The tax reporting period is approaching.)
Finally, 신고 is often paired with specific numbers in Korea. 112 is for police reports, and 119 is for fire and medical emergencies. When a Korean person says "신고해!" (Report it!), they usually mean "Call the police!" or "Call the authorities!" It is a word of action and civic responsibility.
Using 신고 correctly involves understanding its collocations and the specific contexts where it replaces more general words for 'reporting.' While 'report' in English can mean a school report, a business report, or a police report, 신고 is strictly for the latter—official notifications to authorities.
1. The Verb Form: 신고하다
The most common way to use this word is by attaching the auxiliary verb 하다. 신고하다 means 'to report' or 'to notify.' It takes an object, usually the thing being reported, followed by the object marker 을/를.
"도난 사고를 신고했어요." (I reported a theft accident.)
2. Common Compound Nouns
In Korean, 신고 is frequently combined with other nouns to create specific administrative terms. Learning these as single units is highly effective for learners.
- 전입신고 (Jeon-ip-singo)
- Moving-in report. Required by law when you change your residence in Korea.
- 혼인신고 (Hon-in-singo)
- Marriage registration. The legal act that makes a marriage official, separate from the ceremony.
- 출생신고 (Chul-saeng-singo)
- Birth registration. Reporting a new baby to the government.
- 사망신고 (Sa-mang-singo)
- Death registration.
3. Reporting Crimes and Emergencies
When dealing with the police (경찰) or fire department (소방서), 신고 is the standard term. You don't 'tell' the police; you 'report' to them.
"112에 신고하세요!" (Please report it to 112! / Call 112!)
4. Tax and Customs
When you enter a country, you fill out a 'Customs Declaration' form. In Korean, this is 세관 신고서. Similarly, filing taxes is 세금 신고.
"세관 신고할 물건이 있습니까?" (Do you have anything to declare at customs?)
In summary, use 신고 whenever the recipient of the information is a government body, a legal entity, or a public service provider. It implies a formal record is being created.
신고 is a word you will encounter daily in South Korea, whether through public service announcements, news broadcasts, or administrative errands. It is a keyword for civic life.
1. Public Service Announcements (PSAs)
In subways, buses, and public buildings, you will often see posters or hear announcements encouraging citizens to report suspicious items or illegal activities.
"수상한 물건을 발견하면 즉시 신고해 주시기 바랍니다." (If you find a suspicious object, please report it immediately.)
2. News and Media
News reports on crime, accidents, or tax season are saturated with this word. Journalists use it to describe the actions of witnesses or the filing of legal documents.
- 목격자 신고 (Witness Report)
- A report made by someone who saw a crime or accident.
- 허위 신고 (False Report)
- A major topic in Korean news regarding people who prank call 112 or 119.
3. At the Community Center (주민센터)
If you live in Korea, the 주민센터 (Jumin-center) is where you will use 신고 most often. From registering your address to reporting a change in family status, the word is on every form.
"전입 신고는 이쪽 창구에서 하시면 됩니다." (You can do the move-in report at this counter.)
4. Airports and Borders
Travelers hear this word at customs and immigration. 'Declaration' is the English equivalent here.
5. Workplace Safety
In factories or construction sites, reporting safety hazards is a critical part of the protocol, often referred to as 안전 신고.
By paying attention to these contexts, you'll notice that 신고 is less about 'telling a story' and more about 'triggering an official response.'
For English speakers, the word 'report' is broad, leading to several common errors when translating it into Korean. Here are the pitfalls to avoid when using 신고.
1. Confusing 신고 (Singo) with 보고 (Bogo)
This is the most frequent mistake. Both mean 'report,' but their usage is strictly divided by the recipient and the hierarchy.
- 신고 (Singo)
- To an authority or government (Police, Tax office, Customs).
- 보고 (Bogo)
- To a superior or boss (Manager, Teacher, Director).
Incorrect: 부장님께 사고를 신고했습니다. (I reported the accident to the department head - using 'singo' here sounds like you're calling the police on your boss.)
Correct: 부장님께 사고를 보고했습니다. (I reported the accident to the department head.)
2. Confusing 신고 with 발표 (Balpyo)
If you are giving a 'report' or 'presentation' in class, do not use 신고. Use 발표 (presentation) or 보고서 (written report/paper).
"내일 수업 시간에 발표가 있어요." (I have a report/presentation in class tomorrow.)
3. Misusing the Particle '에' vs '에게'
When reporting to an organization (like the police), use 에. When reporting to a specific person (though rare for 신고), you might use 에게. However, since 신고 is usually to institutions, 에 is much more common.
4. Overusing it for 'Telling'
If you just want to say you told someone about something, use 말하다 or 알리다. 신고 is too formal for casual information sharing.
5. Forgetting the 'Hanja' context
Some learners confuse 신고 (report) with 신고 (wearing shoes - from 신다 + 고). While they sound the same, the context usually makes it clear. Just be aware of the homonym!
To master 신고, it's helpful to compare it with other Korean words that involve sharing information or reporting. Each has a specific nuance.
1. 보고 (Bogo) - The Professional Report
As mentioned, 보고 is used within a hierarchy. It's about updating a superior on progress or results. A 보고서 is a written report, like a business proposal or a lab report.
2. 제보 (Jebo) - The Tip-off
제보 is specifically used when providing information to the media (news stations) or providing a 'lead' to the police. It's often voluntary and involves providing new evidence.
"시민의 제보로 범인을 잡았습니다." (We caught the criminal thanks to a citizen's tip.)
3. 고발 (Gobal) - The Accusation
고발 is more aggressive than 신고. It means to formally accuse someone of a crime or wrongdoing, often to a legal body. While 신고 can be about a lost wallet, 고발 is usually about a violation of law.
- 고소 (Goso)
- To sue or file a complaint as the victim.
- 고발 (Gobal)
- To report a crime as a third party.
4. 등록 (Deungnok) - Registration
While 신고 is a notification, 등록 is the act of putting something on an official list or register. For example, you 신고 a birth, but you 등록 for a university course or a gym membership.
5. 알림 (Allim) - Notification
This is a general word for 'notice' or 'alert,' often used for phone notifications or general announcements. It lacks the legal/official weight of 신고.
How Formal Is It?
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कठिनाई स्तर
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
경찰에 신고해요.
Report it to the police.
신고 + 해요 (present polite)
119에 신고하세요.
Please report it to 119.
-(으)세요 (polite command)
지갑을 잃어버려서 신고했어요.
I lost my wallet, so I reported it.
-아서/어서 (reason)
신고 전화번호가 뭐예요?
What is the reporting phone number?
Noun + 가/이 뭐예요?
여기에서 신고할 수 있어요?
Can I report it here?
-(으)ㄹ 수 있어요 (can do)
빨리 신고해 주세요.
Please report it quickly.
-아/어 주세요 (request)
신고가 아주 중요해요.
Reporting is very important.
Noun + 이/가 + Adjective
누가 신고했어요?
Who reported it?
누가 (who - subject)
이사하고 전입 신고를 했어요.
I moved and did the move-in report.
전입 (moving in) + 신고
공항에서 세관 신고를 해요.
I do the customs declaration at the airport.
세관 (customs) + 신고
분실물 신고서를 쓰세요.
Please write a lost item report form.
신고서 (report form)
사고를 보면 바로 신고해야 돼요.
If you see an accident, you must report it immediately.
-아야/어야 되다 (must)
인터넷으로 신고할 수 있어요.
You can report it via the internet.
-(으)로 (method/means)
경찰서에 가서 신고하세요.
Go to the police station and report it.
-아/어 가서 (go and then)
신고할 물건이 없어요.
I have nothing to declare/report.
Noun + -(으)ㄹ + Noun (future/possibility)
어디에 신고해야 하나요?
Where should I report it?
-나 요? (polite question)
목격자가 경찰에 범인을 신고했습니다.
The witness reported the criminal to the police.
목격자 (witness)
연말정산 기간에 소득을 신고하세요.
Report your income during the year-end tax settlement period.
소득 (income)
허위 신고는 다른 사람에게 피해를 줍니다.
False reporting causes harm to others.
허위 (false/fake)
혼인 신고를 하러 구청에 갔어요.
I went to the district office to register our marriage.
혼인 (marriage - formal)
수상한 사람을 발견하면 신고해 주세요.
If you find a suspicious person, please report them.
수상하다 (suspicious)
신고 접수가 완료되었습니다.
The report registration has been completed.
접수 (reception/filing)
피해자가 직접 신고하는 것이 좋습니다.
It is better for the victim to report it directly.
피해자 (victim)
신고를 하지 않으면 벌금을 낼 수 있어요.
If you don't report it, you may have to pay a fine.
-(으)면 (if)
불법 주차를 스마트폰 앱으로 신고했어요.
I reported illegal parking using a smartphone app.
불법 주차 (illegal parking)
그 회사는 세금 탈루로 신고를 당했습니다.
That company was reported for tax evasion.
신고를 당하다 (to be reported - passive)
공익 신고자를 보호하는 법이 있습니다.
There are laws to protect whistleblowers (public interest reporters).
공익 신고자 (whistleblower)
사망 신고는 사망 후 1개월 이내에 해야 합니다.
A death report must be made within one month after death.
이내에 (within)
신고 내용이 사실과 다를 경우 처벌받습니다.
If the content of the report differs from the facts, you will be punished.
-(으)ㄹ 경우 (in case of)
환경 오염 사례를 시청에 신고했습니다.
I reported a case of environmental pollution to the city hall.
환경 오염 (environmental pollution)
신고자의 신분은 철저히 비밀로 보장됩니다.
The reporter's identity is strictly guaranteed to be secret.
신분 (identity/status)
영업 신고를 하지 않고 장사를 하면 안 됩니다.
You must not do business without filing a business report.
영업 신고 (business report/registration)
행정 절차법에 따른 신고의 요건을 검토해야 합니다.
The requirements for reporting under the Administrative Procedure Act must be reviewed.
행정 절차법 (Administrative Procedure Act)
이 사안은 단순한 신고만으로 효력이 발생합니다.
In this matter, the effect is generated simply by reporting.
효력이 발생하다 (to take effect)
허위 신고로 인한 공권력 낭비가 심각한 수준입니다.
The waste of public power due to false reporting is at a serious level.
공권력 낭비 (waste of public power)
신고 포상금을 노린 전문 '파파라치'들이 늘고 있습니다.
Professional 'paparazzi' aiming for reporting rewards are increasing.
신고 포상금 (reporting reward)
해당 업소는 위생 불량으로 주민들의 신고가 빗발쳤다.
The establishment was flooded with reports from residents due to poor hygiene.
신고가 빗발치다 (to be flooded with reports)
건축 신고가 수리되지 않아 공사가 중단되었습니다.
The construction was halted because the building report was not accepted.
수리되다 (to be accepted/processed)
양심 선언을 통한 내부 신고가 조직의 부패를 막았습니다.
Internal reporting through a declaration of conscience prevented organizational corruption.
양심 선언 (declaration of conscience)
신고 의무를 위반할 경우 막대한 과태료가 부과됩니다.
If the reporting obligation is violated, a massive fine will be imposed.
부과되다 (to be imposed)
신고주의와 허가주의의 법적 차이점을 논하시오.
Discuss the legal differences between the reporting system and the licensing system.
신고주의 (reporting system)
현대 사회에서 온라인 신고 시스템의 접근성 강화는 필수적이다.
In modern society, strengthening the accessibility of online reporting systems is essential.
접근성 강화 (strengthening accessibility)
무분별한 신고는 이웃 간의 불신을 조장할 우려가 있다.
Indiscriminate reporting carries the risk of fostering distrust among neighbors.
조장하다 (to foster/encourage - negative)
신고제의 취지는 행정의 효율성을 높이고 국민의 편의를 도모하는 데 있다.
The purpose of the reporting system is to increase administrative efficiency and promote public convenience.
도모하다 (to promote/aim for)
익명 신고의 오남용을 방지하기 위한 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 한다.
Institutional mechanisms must be established to prevent the abuse of anonymous reporting.
오남용 (misuse and abuse)
정치적 목적의 보복성 신고는 민주주의의 근간을 흔드는 행위이다.
Retaliatory reporting for political purposes is an act that shakes the foundation of democracy.
근간을 흔들다 (to shake the foundation)
신고 정보의 데이터베이스화는 범죄 예방 전략 수립에 기여한다.
The databaseization of reporting information contributes to the establishment of crime prevention strategies.
데이터베이스화 (databaseization)
법률상 신고는 수리를 요하지 않는 신고와 수리를 요하는 신고로 구분된다.
Legally, reporting is divided into reports that do not require acceptance and reports that do.
수리를 요하다 (to require acceptance)
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
경찰에 신고하세요 (Report it to the police)
119에 신고했어요 (I reported it to 119)
전입 신고를 해야 돼요 (I need to do the move-in report)
세금 신고 기간입니다 (It is the tax reporting period)
분실물 신고를 하러 왔어요 (I came to report a lost item)
신고할 게 있어요 (I have something to report)
허위 신고는 범죄입니다 (False reporting is a crime)
즉시 신고해 주세요 (Please report immediately)
신고가 들어왔습니다 (A report has come in)
신고서를 작성하세요 (Fill out the report form)
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Reporting to a boss/superior vs. reporting to an authority.
A presentation or school report vs. an official notification.
The verb 'to wear shoes' + 'and' (homonym).
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
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आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Used for crimes, fires, and medical crises.
Used for taxes and customs.
Used for birth, death, marriage, and moving.
- Using '신고' to tell your boss about a mistake.
- Using '신고' for a school presentation.
- Saying '경찰을 신고하다' instead of '경찰에 신고하다'.
- Confusing '신고' (report) with '신고' (wearing shoes).
- Thinking '신고' is only for crimes (it's also for administrative things like moving).
सुझाव
112 is for Police
Use 112 for crimes, theft, or suspicious activity. The police are generally very helpful. You can report via text message too. Just send a text to 112.
Do your 전입신고
If you move, do this immediately. It protects your legal rights as a tenant. You can do it online at 'Government 24'. It only takes a few minutes.
119 is for Rescue
Call 119 for fires or if someone needs an ambulance. They are very fast in Korea. Don't hesitate in an emergency. The service is available 24/7.
신고 vs 보고
Remember: 신고 = Authority. 보고 = Boss. This is the most important distinction. Using the wrong one can be awkward.
Customs Declaration
At the airport, you'll see '신고할 물건' (Items to declare). If you have nothing, go through the 'Nothing to Declare' (신고 없음) exit. It saves a lot of time.
Use Apps
Apps like '안전신문고' allow you to report safety hazards easily. You can take a photo and upload it. The government will then fix the issue. It's a great way to help the community.
신고하다 Verb
Most of the time, you will use the verb form. '신고했어요' is the past tense you'll use most. Practice saying it clearly. It's a key survival phrase.
Be Honest
When reporting, be as accurate as possible. False reports are punished harshly. If you're not sure, state that you're not sure. Honesty is valued in the reporting process.
Tax Season
In May, many people do their '종합소득세 신고'. It's a busy time for tax offices. If you're working in Korea, learn about this. It might get you a refund!
Public Interest
Reporting environmental issues is encouraged. If you see illegal dumping, take a photo and 신고. You are helping keep Korea clean. It's a sign of a good resident.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of 'Singo' as 'Sing-Out'. When you see a crime, you 'sing out' to the police to report it.
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
申 (신) means 'to explain, notify, or stretch out' and 告 (고) means 'to tell, announce, or inform.' Together, they form the concept of explaining a situation to an authority.
सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
The primary emergency numbers everyone knows.
The local hub for all administrative '신고'.
The phenomenon of reporting for rewards.
The phrase '신고식' (initiation) comes from the formal report a soldier makes when joining a new unit.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"경찰에 신고한 적이 있어요? (Have you ever reported something to the police?)"
"전입 신고는 어디서 해요? (Where do I do the move-in report?)"
"지갑을 잃어버리면 어떻게 신고해요? (How do I report it if I lose my wallet?)"
"한국은 신고 시스템이 정말 잘 되어 있죠? (Korea's reporting system is really well-made, right?)"
"세금 신고는 직접 하세요? (Do you do your tax reporting yourself?)"
डायरी विषय
오늘 길에서 사고를 목격했다면 어떻게 신고했을지 써 보세요.
한국에서 전입 신고를 했던 경험에 대해 써 보세요.
신고 포상금 제도에 대해 어떻게 생각하는지 적어 보세요.
허위 신고를 줄이기 위한 방법은 무엇일까요?
내가 만약 공익 신고자라면 어떤 기분일지 상상해 보세요.
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवाल신고 is for authorities or government offices. 보고 is for your boss or teacher at work or school. If you use 신고 with your boss, it sounds like you are reporting them to the police. Always use 보고 for professional updates. Use 신고 for official declarations.
You can go to the nearest police station (지구대) and say '분실물 신고하러 왔어요.' They will ask you to fill out a form (신고서). You can also use the 'LOST112' website or app. This is a common type of 신고 for foreigners. It helps you get a report for insurance purposes.
No, 119 is for both fires and medical emergencies (ambulances). If you see someone collapse, you should 신고 to 119. They handle all rescue operations. 112 is specifically for police and crimes. Both are free to call.
It is the 'moving-in report' you must do when you change your address. You usually do it at the local Jumin-center (Community Center). It is very important for protecting your housing deposit (보증금). You must do it within 14 days of moving. It is a legal requirement for all residents.
Yes, many reporting systems in Korea allow for 익명 신고 (anonymous reporting). This is common for reporting corruption or public safety hazards. However, for police reports, they may need your contact info. There are laws to protect the identity of reporters. You can ask for '익명' if you are worried.
Making a 허위 신고 (false report) is a serious crime in Korea. You can be fined or even imprisoned. It wastes public resources and can put others in danger. Police and fire departments take this very seriously. Always ensure your report is based on facts.
Yes, a wedding ceremony is not legally binding in Korea. You must do a 혼인신고 at a district office (구청). Both partners usually need to provide ID and signatures. Once the 신고 is processed, you are legally married. This is an administrative 신고.
You can call 112 and ask for an interpreter. They have services for many languages. You can also use the '112 Report' app which has multi-language support. Don't let a language barrier stop you from reporting. Safety is the priority.
It is a reward given to citizens who report illegal activities. For example, reporting someone who throws trash illegally might earn you a small bounty. There are 'professional reporters' who do this as a side job. It is designed to encourage civic monitoring. Different regions have different reward amounts.
Only if the report is to the government, like 세금 신고 (tax reporting) or 영업 신고 (business registration). For internal business reports, use 보고 or 보고서. For example, a 'sales report' is a 매출 보고서. A 'tax declaration' is a 세금 신고.
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Summary
Always use '신고' when the recipient of your information is an official body (police, government, customs). It is the essential word for civic duties and emergencies in Korea, distinguishing itself from casual reporting by its legal and administrative weight.
- 신고 is a noun meaning an official report or notification to authorities like the police or government offices.
- It is commonly used as a verb by adding '하다' (신고하다), meaning to formally declare or report something.
- Key contexts include reporting crimes (112), fires (119), moving house (전입신고), and filing taxes (세금 신고).
- It differs from '보고' (reporting to a boss) as it always involves an official or administrative recipient.
112 is for Police
Use 112 for crimes, theft, or suspicious activity. The police are generally very helpful. You can report via text message too. Just send a text to 112.
Do your 전입신고
If you move, do this immediately. It protects your legal rights as a tenant. You can do it online at 'Government 24'. It only takes a few minutes.
119 is for Rescue
Call 119 for fires or if someone needs an ambulance. They are very fast in Korea. Don't hesitate in an emergency. The service is available 24/7.
신고 vs 보고
Remember: 신고 = Authority. 보고 = Boss. This is the most important distinction. Using the wrong one can be awkward.
उदाहरण
분실물 신고는 경찰서에서 할 수 있습니다.
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स
travel के और शब्द
숙소
B1A place where someone stays for a short time, such as a hotel, guest house, or hostel. A key word for travel-related listening and writing.
어댑터
A2A device for connecting parts of different sizes or types.
입장료
A1A fee charged for entry to a place or event; an admission fee.
~후에
A2यह दर्शाता है कि एक क्रिया दूसरी क्रिया के बाद होती है। संज्ञा या क्रिया के साथ प्रयोग किया जाता है।
~ㄴ/은 후에
A2एक क्रिया को दूसरी क्रिया या घटना के बाद होने को व्यक्त करता है; करने के बाद।
은/는 후에
A2Indicates an action occurring after another, meaning 'after doing'.
비행기
A1Airplane; a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
공항
A1वह स्थान जहाँ हवाई जहाज़ उड़ान भरते और उतरते हैं। इसमें यात्रियों के लिए प्रतीक्षा करने, चेक-इन करने और सुरक्षा जाँच से गुज़रने के लिए इमारतें होती हैं।
공항버스
A2Airport bus
통로
A2A narrow way or passage between rows of seats or shelves; an aisle.