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A1 noun तटस्थ #3,000 सबसे आम 2 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

老鼠

laoshu /lao SSU/
इसका अभ्यास करें

Overview

老鼠 (lǎo shǔ) is the standard and most common term in Mandarin Chinese for 'mouse' or 'rat,' encompassing various small rodents. Unlike English, which often differentiates between 'mouse' and 'rat' based on size, '老鼠' can refer to both. Context often helps clarify whether a smaller mouse or a larger rat is being discussed, though for scientific or very specific contexts, more precise terms might be used.

**Usage and Connotations:**

  • General Term: It's the go-to word for these animals in everyday conversation, literature, and media.
  • Negative Connotations: Similar to many cultures, '老鼠' often carries negative connotations in Chinese culture. They are typically associated with dirtiness, disease, stealth, and destruction (e.g., '过街老鼠，人人喊打' - 'a rat running across the street is chased by everyone,' meaning something universally hated).
  • Figurative Language: Due to their characteristics, '老鼠' frequently appears in idioms and metaphors:
  • 胆小如鼠 (dǎn xiǎo rú shǔ): 'Timid as a mouse/rat,' meaning very cowardly.
  • 鼠目寸光 (shǔ mù cùn guāng): 'A rat's eyes can only see an inch,' describing someone with a narrow outlook or shortsightedness.
  • 抱头鼠窜 (bào tóu shǔ cuàn): 'To cover one's head and scurry like a rat,' depicting someone fleeing in panic or disgrace.
  • Zodiac Animal: The 'Rat' (鼠 - shǔ) is the first animal in the Chinese zodiac cycle, representing intelligence, quick wit, and resourcefulness, though sometimes also cunning and opportunism. When referring to the zodiac sign, the single character '鼠' is usually sufficient, or '属鼠的' (shǔ shǔ de) meaning 'born in the year of the Rat.'

* **Variations/Related Terms:**

  • While '老鼠' is general, some specific types exist, though less commonly used in everyday speech. For instance, '家鼠' (jiā shǔ) for house mouse/rat, '田鼠' (tián shǔ) for field mouse/vole.
  • '小老鼠' (xiǎo lǎo shǔ) can be used to specifically emphasize a small mouse or a young mouse.

**Cultural Context:**

In folk tales and proverbs, the '老鼠' often plays the role of a trickster, a pest, or a symbol of vulnerability. Its presence is generally unwelcomed in homes and fields, making rodent control a common practice, as in many other parts of the world. Despite the negative associations, its position in the zodiac grants it a unique, albeit sometimes ambivalent, cultural significance.

उदाहरण

1

他怕老鼠。

animals

He's afraid of mice.

2

這裏有很多老鼠。

pests

There are many rats here.

3

那隻老鼠在牆裡挖了一個洞。

action

That mouse dug a hole in the wall.

4

他像老鼠一樣安靜。

simile

He is as quiet as a mouse.

5

卡通裡的老鼠很可愛。

fiction

The mouse in the cartoon is very cute.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

老鼠药
鼠疫
胆小如鼠

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

老鼠 बनाम w
80+ WORDS

व्याकरण पैटर्न

p1 p2 p3

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

इस्तेमाल की जानकारी

When using 'Lǎo Shǔ' (老鼠) in conversation, it primarily refers to the animal 'mouse' or 'rat.' It is a common and straightforward term. However, due to its zodiac significance, it can also implicitly refer to a person's birth year, as in 'he is a Rat' (他是老鼠) meaning he was born in the Year of the Rat. There are also various idioms and proverbs that use 'Lǎo Shǔ,' often to describe someone who is sneaky, timid, or a thief, such as '过街老鼠，人人喊打' (guò jiē lǎo shǔ, rén rén hǎn dǎ), meaning 'a rat running across the street, everyone shouts to beat it,' used to describe someone universally despised. It is generally not used as a term of endearment and can sometimes carry negative connotations if used metaphorically outside of its zodiac context.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

A common mistake for beginners is confusing '老鼠' (lǎoshǔ - mouse/rat) with other small animals like '兔子' (tùzi - rabbit) or '猫' (māo - cat). While they are all animals, their characters and pronunciations are distinct. Also, ensure correct tone pronunciation: 'lǎo' is a third tone, and 'shǔ' is also a third tone. When two third tones appear together, the first one often changes to a second tone, so it's pronounced 'láoshǔ' in natural speech, but still written as 'lǎoshǔ'.

सुझाव

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Word Analysis

The word '老鼠' (lǎoshǔ) is a compound word. '老' (lǎo) means old, and '鼠' (shǔ) means mouse or rat. While '老' can often imply something old or respected, in this context, it often serves as a prefix to describe an animal, similar to how we might say 'old man' in English without necessarily meaning very aged. The combination specifically refers to a mouse, rat, or generally a small rodent.
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Common Pitfalls

A common pitfall might be to over-analyze the '老' component and assume it implies an 'old mouse' or 'wise mouse.' However, in '老鼠,' '老' functions more as a classifier or intensifier for '鼠,' creating the specific noun for a mouse or rat. It's not usually meant to describe the age of the animal. Another pitfall could be confusing it with other small animals if you only know '鼠' which can be a more general term for rodent.
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Usage in Context

'老鼠' is a very common and direct way to refer to a mouse or rat. It can be used in various contexts, from describing a pest in a house ('家里有老鼠' - There are mice in the house) to referring to a character in a story or proverb. For example, '老鼠过街，人人喊打' (lǎoshǔ guò jiē, rénrén hǎn dǎ) is a common idiom meaning 'When a rat crosses the street, everyone shouts to beat it,' implying that someone is universally disliked or condemned. It's a neutral term, not typically used for cute or pet mice unless specified otherwise.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The character '老' (lǎo) means 'old' or 'experienced,' and '鼠' (shǔ) means 'rat' or 'mouse.' While '老' can imply age, in this context, it often serves to emphasize or generalize the category of 'rat/mouse,' perhaps indicating a common or familiar animal. It can also be seen as an intensifier, making the 'rat' even more 'rat-like' in a sense, or simply a common prefix for certain animal names.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

In Chinese culture, the 'Lǎo Shǔ' (老鼠), or mouse/rat, holds a complex and often contradictory symbolism, largely influenced by its position as the first animal in the Chinese zodiac. This placement bestows upon it characteristics of intelligence, quick wit, and adaptability. People born in the Year of the Rat are often considered to be clever, resourceful, and charming, though sometimes they can be seen as cunning or opportunistic. Historically, rats have also been associated with prosperity and abundance due to their ability to hoard food, but conversely, they are also linked to stealth, mischief, and disease, especially in folk tales and proverbs where they often play the role of tricksters or pests. This dual nature means that while the rat is celebrated in the zodiac, its real-world counterpart can still be viewed with aversion.

याद रखने का तरीका

The character '老' (lǎo) means 'old'. The character '鼠' (shǔ) is the character for 'rat' or 'mouse'. So, '老鼠' literally means 'old rat/mouse'. Imagine an old, wise mouse scurrying around. Or, think of a 'shrewd' (sounds like 'shu') 'old' (lǎo) mouse. Another way to remember '鼠' is to visualize its strokes: the top part looks like whiskers, and the bottom looks like the body and tail.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

4 सवाल
'老鼠' (lǎo shǔ) literally translates to 'old mouse' or 'elderly rat' in Chinese, but it is the common term used to refer to a mouse, a rat, or generally a small rodent. It is a very common word in everyday Chinese conversation and can be used to describe these animals in various contexts, from pest control to children's stories. The character '老' (lǎo) typically means 'old,' but in this combination, it often serves to emphasize or generalize the noun that follows, similar to how we might say 'old man' to refer to a general male figure in some informal contexts, though here it's simply part of the established word for rodent.
Yes, there are several common idioms and phrases that feature '老鼠' in Chinese. One well-known example is '老鼠过街，人人喊打' (lǎo shǔ guò jiē, rén rén hǎn dǎ), which means 'When a rat crosses the street, everyone shouts 'kill it!'' This idiom is used to describe someone who is universally hated or condemned, similar to how a public enemy is treated. Another phrase is '胆小如鼠' (dǎn xiǎo rú shǔ), meaning 'timid as a mouse,' which describes someone who is very cowardly or easily frightened. These phrases illustrate the common perception of rats as disliked creatures in Chinese culture, while also highlighting their characteristic smallness and timidity.
In Chinese culture, while '老鼠' (mouse/rat) can be seen as a pest, it holds a significant and generally positive place in the Chinese zodiac. The Rat is the first animal in the 12-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac. People born in the Year of the Rat are often considered to be clever, quick-witted, resourceful, and adaptable. They are believed to be observant and possess good instincts. The Rat's position as the first animal is attributed to a popular legend where the Rat used its cunning to win the race against the other animals to meet the Jade Emperor. So, despite its pest status in daily life, the Rat symbolizes intelligence and prosperity in the zodiac.
Absolutely, '老鼠' can be used metaphorically in various ways in Chinese. Beyond the idioms mentioned earlier, it can subtly refer to someone who is sneaky, timid, or operates in the shadows, similar to how the English word 'rat' can imply a betrayer or an informer. For instance, if someone is described as '像老鼠一样' (xiàng lǎo shǔ yī yàng), meaning 'like a mouse/rat,' it could imply they are small, quick, or perhaps even secretive and elusive. In a more playful or endearing context, it might be used to describe a small, quick-moving child. However, generally, when used metaphorically outside of the zodiac context, it often carries connotations of being somewhat undesirable or stealthy, reflecting the animal's behavior.

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十二生肖中，_____ 是第一个。

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我的宠物是只小_____，它很喜欢吃奶酪。

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