The word '老鼠' represents the common rodent, used both literally for the animal and metaphorically to describe timid people.
30秒でわかる単語
- Refers to small rodents like mice or rats.
- Commonly viewed as household pests in daily life.
- Used in idioms to describe timid behavior.
Overview
- 1概述：老鼠（lǎoshǔ）是哺乳纲啮齿目鼠科动物的统称。它们体型较小，门齿发达，具有极强的繁殖能力和适应能力。在中文里，“老鼠”是最基础的词汇，涵盖了从家鼠到田鼠等多种品种。2) 用法模式：作为名词，它通常直接作主语、宾语或定语。例如：“老鼠跑了”（主语），“我看见一只老鼠”（宾语），“老鼠洞”（定语）。在描述动作时，常与“抓”、“跑”、“咬”等动词搭配。3) 常见语境：在家庭生活中，人们常提到“家里有老鼠”来表达卫生问题；在成语中，如“胆小如鼠”用来形容人胆子很小；在现代科技语境下，“鼠标”一词也是由“老鼠”演变而来，因为其外形像一只小老鼠。4) 同义词辨析：在书面语或科学语境中，有时会使用“鼠类”来泛指这一物种；而“耗子”是“老鼠”的口语化表达，在北方方言中非常常用，意思完全相同。
例文
厨房里有一只老鼠。
everydayThere is a mouse in the kitchen.
我们需要采取措施防治鼠患。
formalWe need to take measures to prevent rodent infestation.
那家伙胆小如鼠。
informalThat guy is as timid as a mouse.
实验室内常使用小白鼠进行研究。
academicLaboratory mice are often used in research.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
胆小如鼠
timid as a mouse
鼠目寸光
short-sighted
过街老鼠
a person everyone hates
よく混同される語
They are synonyms. '老鼠' is standard, while '耗子' is a colloquial term mostly used in Northern China.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
The word '老鼠' is neutral and commonly used in all settings. It is the standard term for the animal. Avoid using it to describe people unless you are using a fixed idiom.
よくある間違い
Beginners often forget the measure word '只' when counting mice. Always say '一只老鼠' instead of just '老鼠'. Ensure the pronunciation of 'lǎo' is the third tone.
Tips
Use common verbs with 老鼠
Pair '老鼠' with verbs like '抓' (catch) or '跑' (run). This makes your sentences sound more natural in daily conversation.
Avoid using it for people
Do not call a person '老鼠' unless using specific idioms. It is considered an insult or derogatory if used directly.
The Rat in Chinese Zodiac
The rat is the first animal in the Chinese Zodiac. It symbolizes wisdom and wealth in traditional culture.
語源
The term combines '老' (old/venerable) and '鼠' (rat). Historically, it reflects the long-standing coexistence between humans and these rodents.
文化的な背景
The rat is the first of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs. It is often associated with intelligence and the start of a new cycle.
覚え方のコツ
Think of the 'mouse' looking for food in an old (老) house. The sound 'lǎo' represents the old, and 'shǔ' represents the rodent.
よくある質問
4 問两者意思完全相同，“老鼠”是标准称呼，而“耗子”多见于北方口语。在正式场合建议使用“老鼠”。
因为这种计算机输入设备的外形小巧，且连接线像老鼠的尾巴，所以中文借用了“鼠”字。
这是一个成语，形容一个人非常胆小，像老鼠一样容易受惊。
中文里常用“家鼠”、“田鼠”等前缀来区分，但在日常对话中统称“老鼠”即可。
自分をテスト
猫看见了___，立刻跑了过去。
猫通常会捕捉老鼠，符合逻辑。
形容人非常胆小，我们常说：
胆小如鼠是形容胆怯的标准成语。
【在/老鼠/厨房/一只/有】
这是标准的方位表达句式。
スコア： /3
Summary
The word '老鼠' represents the common rodent, used both literally for the animal and metaphorically to describe timid people.
- Refers to small rodents like mice or rats.
- Commonly viewed as household pests in daily life.
- Used in idioms to describe timid behavior.
Use common verbs with 老鼠
Pair '老鼠' with verbs like '抓' (catch) or '跑' (run). This makes your sentences sound more natural in daily conversation.
Avoid using it for people
Do not call a person '老鼠' unless using specific idioms. It is considered an insult or derogatory if used directly.
The Rat in Chinese Zodiac
The rat is the first animal in the Chinese Zodiac. It symbolizes wisdom and wealth in traditional culture.
例文
4 / 4厨房里有一只老鼠。
There is a mouse in the kitchen.
我们需要采取措施防治鼠患。
We need to take measures to prevent rodent infestation.
那家伙胆小如鼠。
That guy is as timid as a mouse.
实验室内常使用小白鼠进行研究。
Laboratory mice are often used in research.
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