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A1 noun #2,764 am häufigsten 10 Min. Lesezeit

岩石

ganseki
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At the A1 level, the word 岩石 (ganseki) is introduced as a formal way to say 'rock'. While beginners usually learn the simpler word 石 (ishi) first, which means 'stone', it is important to recognize 岩石 when you see it in educational materials or basic science contexts. Think of it as the 'science word' for rocks. You don't need to use it in everyday conversation, but knowing it helps you understand that Japanese has different words for casual and formal situations. It is made of two kanji: 岩 (rock) and 石 (stone). Together, they mean a solid mass of earth material. When you visit a museum in Japan, you will see this word on the signs explaining the exhibits. It is a noun, so you use it just like any other object word in a sentence. For example, 'This is a rock' translates to 'Kore wa ganseki desu' in a formal, scientific setting. Remember, for small stones on the street, stick to 'ishi'. Use 'ganseki' only when you are talking about science, geology, or reading a textbook. This distinction is a fundamental part of learning how Japanese vocabulary adapts to different contexts.
At the A2 level, learners begin to differentiate more clearly between synonyms based on context. You already know 石 (ishi) for small stones and perhaps 岩 (iwa) for large boulders. Now, 岩石 (ganseki) takes its place as the objective, academic term encompassing both, specifically in the context of earth sciences. You will encounter this word in simple news reports about nature, such as a report on a landslide, or in basic educational programs. At this stage, you should practice using it with appropriate verbs. Instead of just saying 'I see a rock' (岩石を見る), you might read sentences like 'Rocks are hard' (岩石は硬い) or 'There are many rocks here' (ここにたくさんの岩石がある) in a textbook. It is crucial to remember the onyomi pronunciation 'gan-seki', as words combining two Chinese readings are typically formal. Understanding this word helps you transition from basic survival Japanese to comprehending slightly more complex, informational texts. It also serves as a building block for understanding compound words you will encounter later, such as 'meteorite' or 'fossil', which share the 'seki' kanji.
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At the B1 level, your interaction with Japanese media broadens, and 岩石 (ganseki) becomes a frequent vocabulary item in documentaries, news articles, and intermediate reading comprehension passages. You are expected to understand its role in scientific categorization. You will learn about the three main types of rocks: 火成岩 (igneous), 堆積岩 (sedimentary), and 変成岩 (metamorphic). The word is no longer just 'rock'; it represents a geological concept. You should be comfortable reading sentences describing the properties, origins, and locations of different rocks. For example, discussing how rocks are formed by volcanic activity or how they erode over time. Collocations become important here: 岩石を採取する (to collect rocks), 岩石の成分 (composition of rocks). You should also be able to explain the difference between 岩石 and 鉱物 (minerals) in simple terms. Using this word correctly in writing assignments about nature or science demonstrates a solid grasp of register—knowing when to switch from conversational Japanese to an academic tone. It shows that your vocabulary is expanding beyond daily life into specialized domains.
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At the B2 level, fluency requires precise vocabulary selection. 岩石 (ganseki) is utilized in complex discussions regarding geography, environmental science, and natural disasters. You will read advanced news reports detailing the geological factors contributing to earthquakes or landslides, where the stability of the 岩石 is discussed. In academic or professional contexts, you might encounter discussions about resource extraction, where the analysis of rock formations is critical. You should be able to comprehend and utilize compound nouns like 岩石圏 (lithosphere) or 岩石学 (petrology). The distinction between 岩, 石, and 岩石 must be automatic; using the wrong term in a formal presentation would be a noticeable error. Furthermore, you will encounter this word in historical or archaeological contexts, describing the materials used in ancient constructions or the geological strata where fossils are found. Your ability to read scientific literature or watch in-depth documentaries without relying heavily on a dictionary will depend on your mastery of this and related academic vocabulary. It is a key indicator of your ability to handle specialized, non-fiction Japanese.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of 岩石 (ganseki) extends to highly technical, academic, and even literary contexts where scientific precision is required. You are reading university-level textbooks, research papers, or detailed technical reports. The vocabulary surrounding the word becomes highly specialized, involving terms related to crystallography, geochemistry, and tectonic processes. You understand the nuanced differences in weathering processes (物理的風化 vs. 化学的風化) affecting various 岩石. In literature, while less common than 岩, a science fiction or hard science novel might use 岩石 to describe alien landscapes with precise geological terminology to build world authenticity. You can comfortably debate environmental policies or geological survey results using this terminology. The word is fully integrated into your advanced lexicon, allowing you to seamlessly transition between discussing the aesthetic beauty of a natural rock formation (using 岩) and its precise mineralogical composition (using 岩石). Mastery at this level means the word is a tool for precise, unambiguous communication in professional and academic spheres.
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At the C2 level, your command of the word 岩石 (ganseki) is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You possess a comprehensive understanding of its etymology, its usage across all specialized scientific fields, and its role in complex compound terminology. You can effortlessly read and critique advanced academic papers in geology, planetary science, or civil engineering where the mechanical properties of 岩石 are analyzed in minute detail. You understand subtle stylistic choices; for instance, why a journalist might choose to use a specific geological term over a general one to convey a particular nuance of a natural disaster's severity. You are also aware of how the concept of 'rock' translates metaphorically between English and Japanese, knowing perfectly well that 岩石 cannot be used for emotional or abstract metaphors, and you can effortlessly supply the correct Japanese idiomatic equivalents. Your vocabulary network is so dense that encountering a highly obscure compound word containing the kanji for 岩石 poses no barrier to comprehension, as you can deduce its meaning from context and kanji mastery.
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岩石 in 30 Sekunden

  • Formal term for rocks/minerals.
  • Used in science and geology.
  • Not for everyday small stones.
  • Combines kanji for rock and stone.

The Japanese word 岩石 (ganseki) is a formal, scientific, and highly specific term used to describe rocks, boulders, and large mineral masses that constitute the solid part of the Earth's crust. Unlike the more common and everyday word 石 (ishi), which simply means stone or a small rock you might find on the ground, or 岩 (iwa), which refers to a large boulder or crag in a natural setting, 岩石 carries a distinctly academic, geological, and objective nuance. When you encounter this word, you are almost certainly reading a textbook, watching a scientific documentary, or discussing earth sciences. The kanji characters perfectly encapsulate its meaning: 岩 (gan) means rock or crag, and 石 (seki) means stone. Together, they form a compound that comprehensively covers all types of solid mineral matter. Understanding the distinction between these terms is crucial for mastering Japanese vocabulary at a higher level, as using 岩石 in casual conversation to refer to a pebble would sound highly unnatural and overly technical. In the context of geology, 岩石 is categorized into three main types: igneous rocks (火成岩), sedimentary rocks (堆積岩), and metamorphic rocks (変成岩). Each of these categories uses the kanji 岩 as a suffix, further reinforcing the scientific application of the base word. Furthermore, the study of these materials is known as 岩石学 (petrology), a branch of geology. For learners of Japanese, while you might not use this word when chatting with friends about a hiking trip, recognizing it is essential for reading news articles about natural disasters, such as landslides or volcanic eruptions, where the movement and composition of earth materials are discussed objectively. The precision of the Japanese language often requires choosing the exact right word based on the formality and context of the situation, and 岩石 is a prime example of a word that elevates the register of your speech or writing from casual observation to scientific classification.

Geological Definition
A naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids.
Kanji Breakdown
岩 (rock) + 石 (stone) = solid mineral mass.
Register
Formal, academic, scientific, objective writing.

地球の表面は多様な岩石で覆われています。

The Earth's surface is covered with various rocks.

その博物館には珍しい岩石が展示されている。

Rare rocks are exhibited in that museum.

火山活動によって新しい岩石が形成される。

New rocks are formed by volcanic activity.

彼は大学で岩石学を専攻しています。

He is majoring in petrology at the university.

この地域の岩石は非常に硬い。

The rocks in this region are very hard.

Using 岩石 correctly requires an understanding of its formal and scientific register. In everyday Japanese, if you are walking in a park and see a rock, you would say 石 (ishi) or perhaps 岩 (iwa) if it is particularly large. However, if you are writing a report on the geological composition of a mountain, describing the payload of a space probe returning from an asteroid, or translating a scientific documentary, 岩石 is the precise and necessary term. It is frequently paired with verbs related to scientific study, discovery, and physical properties. For example, you might see phrases like 岩石を採取する (to collect rock samples), 岩石を分析する (to analyze rocks), or 岩石が風化する (rocks weather/erode). It is also commonly used as a modifier in compound nouns, such as 岩石圏 (lithosphere), 岩石砂漠 (rocky desert), or 岩石標本 (rock specimen). When speaking, you will rarely use this word unless you are giving a formal presentation, teaching a class, or discussing news related to earth sciences. In news broadcasts, particularly those covering natural disasters like earthquakes or landslides, announcers will use 岩石 to describe the massive amounts of earth and rock that have moved, maintaining the objective and serious tone of the report. For learners, mastering the usage of this word involves recognizing these contextual boundaries. It is a perfect example of how Japanese vocabulary is stratified not just by meaning, but by the level of formality and the specific domain of knowledge. Practicing with academic texts, reading Wikipedia articles in Japanese about geology, or watching educational programs like those on NHK will provide ample exposure to the natural usage patterns of this essential scientific vocabulary word.

Collocation 1
岩石を採取する (ganseki o saishu suru) - to collect rock samples.
Collocation 2
岩石の風化 (ganseki no fuuka) - weathering of rocks.
Collocation 3
岩石標本 (ganseki hyouhon) - rock specimen.

探査機が火星の岩石を持ち帰った。

The probe brought back rocks from Mars.

この岩石は数百万年前に形成されました。

This rock was formed millions of years ago.

地震で巨大な岩石が道路に落下した。

A huge rock fell onto the road due to the earthquake.

科学者たちは岩石の成分を調査している。

Scientists are investigating the composition of the rocks.

月面の岩石は地球のものと異なる特徴を持つ。

Lunar rocks have different characteristics from those on Earth.

The environments where you are most likely to encounter the word 岩石 are distinctly academic, educational, or journalistic. You will frequently hear it in science classrooms, particularly during geography (地理) or earth science (地学) lessons in Japanese middle and high schools. Textbooks are filled with diagrams explaining the rock cycle, detailing how magma cools into igneous rocks (火成岩), how sediments compress into sedimentary rocks (堆積岩), and how heat and pressure create metamorphic rocks (変成岩). Beyond the classroom, natural history museums (自然史博物館) are prime locations for this vocabulary. Exhibit placards detailing the geological history of the Earth, the formation of specific mountain ranges, or the composition of meteorites will rely heavily on this term. Television documentaries, such as those produced by NHK or National Geographic dubbed in Japanese, frequently use 岩石 when exploring topics like volcanology, paleontology, or planetary science. In the realm of news media, the word appears during reports on natural disasters. Japan is a country prone to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and typhoons, which often trigger landslides (土砂崩れ). News anchors and meteorologists will use 岩石 to describe the debris, maintaining a formal and precise tone. Additionally, in the context of space exploration, news about missions by JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), such as the Hayabusa probes returning samples from asteroids, will extensively feature the word 岩石 to describe the extraterrestrial materials collected. Therefore, while it may not be a word you use daily at a convenience store or izakaya, it is absolutely ubiquitous in any context dealing with the physical sciences, the natural world on a macro scale, or serious news reporting regarding the environment.

Context 1
Science classrooms and educational textbooks.
Context 2
Natural history museums and geological exhibits.
Context 3
News reports on landslides, volcanoes, and space exploration.

ニュースキャスターは落下した岩石の大きさを報告した。

The newscaster reported the size of the fallen rocks.

理科の授業で様々な岩石の名前を覚えた。

I memorized the names of various rocks in science class.

ドキュメンタリー番組で深海の岩石が紹介された。

Deep-sea rocks were introduced in the documentary program.

博物館のガイドが岩石の成り立ちを説明してくれた。

The museum guide explained the formation of the rocks.

はやぶさ2は小惑星の岩石の採取に成功した。

Hayabusa2 succeeded in collecting rocks from the asteroid.

The most frequent mistake learners make with the word 岩石 is using it as a direct, one-to-one translation for the English word 'rock' in all contexts. English uses 'rock' very broadly: you can have a pet rock, skip a rock across a pond, climb a rock wall, or study rocks in geology. Japanese, however, divides this semantic space based on size, context, and formality. If you pick up a small, hard object from the ground to throw, it is a 石 (ishi). If you are looking at a large, immovable boulder in a river or on a mountain, it is an 岩 (iwa). Using 岩石 in these everyday, casual situations sounds incredibly strange to a native speaker. Imagine saying in English, 'I skipped a geological mineral mass across the lake'—that is the level of unnaturalness conveyed when using 岩石 incorrectly. Another common mistake is confusing the pronunciation. Because it uses the onyomi (Chinese readings) of both characters, learners sometimes mix it up with other similar-sounding words or mispronounce the long vowels in related terms. It is strictly 'gan-seki'. Furthermore, learners sometimes fail to use the appropriate formal verbs with this noun. Saying 岩石を見る (to look at a rock) is grammatically correct but stylistically mismatched; it is better to use verbs like 観察する (to observe) or 分析する (to analyze) to match the academic register of the noun. Finally, when discussing metaphorical rocks (e.g., 'he is my rock'), 岩石 cannot be used. Japanese has different idioms for reliability or stubbornness, and translating English metaphors directly using scientific vocabulary will lead to confusion. Understanding these boundaries is key to fluency.

Mistake 1
Using it for small stones (use 石 instead).
Mistake 2
Using it for large natural boulders in casual speech (use 岩 instead).
Mistake 3
Using it in metaphors translated directly from English.

❌ 庭で綺麗な岩石を拾った。

Incorrect: I picked up a pretty geological rock in the garden. (Use 石)

⭕ 庭で綺麗な石を拾った。

Correct: I picked up a pretty stone in the garden.

❌ あの大きな岩石に登ろう。

Incorrect: Let's climb that big geological rock. (Use 岩)

⭕ あの大きな岩に登ろう。

Correct: Let's climb that big boulder.

⭕ 探査機が岩石のサンプルを採取した。

Correct: The probe collected rock samples. (Scientific context)

To fully grasp the nuance of 岩石, it is helpful to compare it with similar vocabulary. The most immediate comparisons are 石 (ishi) and 岩 (iwa). As established, 石 is a small stone, pebble, or generic rock used in everyday life. 岩 is a large boulder, crag, or bedrock, often featuring in nature descriptions or traditional poetry. Moving into more specialized vocabulary, we have 鉱物 (koubutsu), which translates to 'mineral'. While rocks (岩石) are made up of minerals, minerals (鉱物) are the pure, naturally occurring inorganic solid substances with a specific chemical composition. For example, quartz is a mineral, while granite is a rock composed of quartz and other minerals. Another related term is 隕石 (inseki), meaning 'meteorite'. This shares the 石 kanji and refers specifically to a rock from space that has survived its passage through the Earth's atmosphere and landed on the surface. 化石 (kaseki) means 'fossil', literally 'changed into stone', referring to the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms. 砕石 (saiseki) refers to crushed stone or rubble, typically used in construction and engineering contexts. 巨石 (kyoseki) means a megalith or giant stone, often used in archaeological contexts to describe ancient stone monuments like Stonehenge. Understanding this web of related terms allows learners to navigate Japanese texts with much greater precision. Instead of relying on a single generic word, you can choose the exact term that conveys the size, origin, scientific nature, or historical context of the stone material you are discussing. This precision is a hallmark of advanced Japanese proficiency and demonstrates a deep understanding of the language's lexical structure.

石 (ishi)
Stone, pebble. Everyday word for small rocks.
岩 (iwa)
Boulder, crag. Large natural rock formations.
鉱物 (koubutsu)
Mineral. The pure substances that make up rocks.

この岩石は複数の鉱物から成り立っている。

This rock is composed of multiple minerals.

空から隕石が落ちてきた。

A meteorite fell from the sky.

地層から恐竜の化石が発見された。

Dinosaur fossils were discovered in the stratum.

建設現場で砕石が使用されている。

Crushed stone is being used at the construction site.

古代人は巨石を使って神殿を建てた。

Ancient people built temples using megaliths.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Noun + の + Noun (e.g., 岩石の成分)

Passive voice for scientific facts (e.g., 形成される)

Formal defining structure (〜とは〜である)

Cause and effect (〜によって〜が起こる)

Relative clauses for describing specific rocks (e.g., 火山から噴出した岩石)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

これは岩石です。

This is a rock.

Basic A wa B desu structure.

2

岩石は硬いです。

Rocks are hard.

Adjective description.

3

大きい岩石があります。

There is a large rock.

Existence verb 'arimasu'.

4

私は岩石を見ます。

I see a rock.

Direct object particle 'o'.

5

岩石の写真を撮ります。

I take a picture of a rock.

Noun modifier 'no'.

6

その岩石は黒いです。

That rock is black.

Demonstrative 'sono'.

7

学校で岩石を勉強します。

I study rocks at school.

Location particle 'de'.

8

岩石と石は違います。

Rocks and stones are different.

Particle 'to' for 'and'.

1

山にはたくさんの岩石があります。

There are many rocks in the mountains.

Location marker 'ni'.

2

この岩石はとても重いです。

This rock is very heavy.

Adverb 'totemo'.

3

博物館で古い岩石を見ました。

I saw old rocks at the museum.

Past tense verb.

4

川の近くで岩石を拾いました。

I picked up a rock near the river.

Action location 'de'.

5

岩石の色は様々です。

The colors of rocks vary.

Noun phrase subject.

6

理科の先生が岩石について説明しました。

The science teacher explained about rocks.

'ni tsuite' meaning 'about'.

7

この岩石はどこから来ましたか。

Where did this rock come from?

Question word 'doko'.

8

岩石の中には光るものもあります。

Some rocks shine.

'naka ni wa' meaning 'among them/inside'.

1

火山が爆発して、新しい岩石ができました。

The volcano erupted, and new rocks were formed.

Te-form for sequential actions.

2

科学者たちは月の岩石を研究しています。

Scientists are researching moon rocks.

Present continuous 'te imasu'.

3

この地域の岩石は、主に石灰岩で構成されています。

The rocks in this region are mainly composed of limestone.

Passive voice 'kousei sarete imasu'.

4

長い年月をかけて、岩石は砂に変わります。

Over a long period of time, rocks turn into sand.

Time expression 'nengetsu o kakete'.

5

地層を調べることで、過去の岩石の動きがわかります。

By examining the strata, we can understand the past movement of rocks.

'koto de' indicating method/means.

6

地震の影響で、巨大な岩石が崩れ落ちました。

Due to the earthquake, huge rocks crumbled and fell.

Cause/reason 'eikyou de'.

7

岩石標本を集めるのが彼の趣味です。

Collecting rock specimens is his hobby.

Nominalizer 'no'.

8

この岩石には貴重な鉱物が含まれている可能性があります。

There is a possibility that this rock contains precious minerals.

'kanousei ga arimasu' for possibility.

1

探査機が持ち帰った岩石の分析結果が発表された。

The analysis results of the rocks brought back by the probe were announced.

Complex noun modification.

2

風化作用により、岩石の表面が脆くなっている。

Due to weathering, the surface of the rock has become fragile.

Formal cause marker 'ni yori'.

3

マグマが冷却して固まることで火成岩という岩石になる。

Magma cools and solidifies to become a rock called igneous rock.

'to iu' for definitions.

4

土砂災害を防ぐため、斜面の岩石の強度を調査する必要がある。

To prevent landslide disasters, it is necessary to investigate the strength of the rocks on the slope.

Purpose clause 'tame'.

5

その隕石は、地球上のどの岩石とも異なる同位体比を示した。

The meteorite showed an isotope ratio different from any rock on Earth.

Comparison 'to kotonaru'.

6

地下深くの高温高圧環境下で、岩石は変成作用を受ける。

Deep underground in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, rocks undergo metamorphism.

Formal condition 'kankyouka de'.

7

地質学者は、岩石の組成からその土地の成り立ちを推測する。

Geologists infer the formation of the land from the composition of the rocks.

Source marker 'kara'.

8

このプロジェクトの目的は、深海底の岩石を採取することだ。

The purpose of this project is to collect rocks from the deep ocean floor.

Formal structure 'mokuteki wa ~ koto da'.

1

岩石の年代測定により、この地層が古生代のものであることが判明した。

Through rock dating, it was revealed that this stratum belongs to the Paleozoic era.

Formal discovery structure 'koto ga hanmei shita'.

2

プレートテクトニクス理論は、岩石圏の巨大な板の運動を説明する。

Plate tectonics theory explains the movement of the massive plates of the lithosphere.

Academic vocabulary integration.

3

岩石の微細構造を電子顕微鏡で観察し、結晶の成長過程を解明する。

By observing the microstructure of the rock with an electron microscope, the crystal growth process is elucidated.

Compound verbs and scientific terminology.

4

熱水変質作用を受けた岩石は、特有の鉱物群集を形成する傾向がある。

Rocks that have undergone hydrothermal alteration tend to form specific mineral assemblages.

Complex relative clause 'uketa ganseki'.

5

ボーリング調査によって得られた岩石コアは、地下の地質構造を直接示す貴重な資料である。

The rock cores obtained through boring surveys are valuable materials that directly indicate the underground geological structure.

Formal definition structure 'de aru'.

6

岩石力学の観点から、トンネル掘削時の岩盤の挙動をシミュレーションする。

From the perspective of rock mechanics, the behavior of the bedrock during tunnel excavation is simulated.

Perspective marker 'kanten kara'.

7

風化に対する岩石の抵抗性は、その鉱物組成と組織に大きく依存する。

The resistance of rocks to weathering depends heavily on their mineral composition and texture.

Dependency structure 'ni izon suru'.

8

地球外物質である小惑星の岩石は、太陽系初期の情報を保持していると考えられている。

Asteroid rocks, which are extraterrestrial materials, are thought to retain information from the early solar system.

Passive assumption 'kangaerarete iru'.

1

岩石のレオロジー特性は、マントル対流のダイナミクスを理解する上で不可欠な要素である。

The rheological properties of rocks are an indispensable element in understanding the dynamics of mantle convection.

Highly technical academic phrasing 'ue de fukaketsu'.

2

同位体地球化学的アプローチにより、マントル由来の岩石と地殻物質の混交過程が定量的に評価された。

Through an isotope geochemical approach, the mixing process of mantle-derived rocks and crustal materials was quantitatively evaluated.

Passive voice in academic writing 'hyouka sareta'.

3

極限環境下における岩石の相転移挙動は、地球深部の地震波速度異常を説明する鍵となる。

The phase transition behavior of rocks under extreme environments is the key to explaining seismic wave velocity anomalies in the deep Earth.

Complex noun phrase acting as subject.

4

岩石・水相互作用の熱力学的モデリングは、熱水鉱床の形成メカニズムに新たな知見をもたらした。

Thermodynamic modeling of rock-water interactions has brought new insights into the formation mechanisms of hydrothermal ore deposits.

Abstract subject causing an effect 'chiken o motarashita'.

5

微小地震の震源分布と岩石の破壊力学的パラメータとの間には、密接な相関関係が認められる。

A close correlation is recognized between the hypocenter distribution of microearthquakes and the fracture mechanical parameters of the rocks.

Formal relationship structure 'aida ni wa ~ ga mitomerareru'.

6

火星隕石の岩石学的解析は、かつての火星表面に液体の水が存在したという仮説を強力に支持している。

Petrological analysis of Martian meteorites strongly supports the hypothesis that liquid water once existed on the surface of Mars.

Hypothesis support structure 'kasetsu o shiji shite iru'.

7

沈み込み帯における岩石の脱水反応は、スラブの融解と島弧マグマの発生を誘発する主要な要因である。

The dehydration reaction of rocks in subduction zones is the primary factor inducing slab melting and the generation of island arc magma.

Cause and effect in scientific context 'youin de aru'.

8

多結晶体としての岩石の巨視的弾性定数は、構成鉱物の異方性と体積分率から理論的に予測可能である。

The macroscopic elastic constants of rocks as polycrystalline aggregates can be theoretically predicted from the anisotropy and volume fractions of their constituent minerals.

Theoretical possibility 'yosoku kanou de aru'.

Synonyme

岩 石 石材 盤石 奇岩

Gegenteile

砂 土

Häufige Kollokationen

岩石を採取する
岩石を分析する
岩石が風化する
岩石の成分
岩石圏
火成岩
堆積岩
変成岩
岩石標本
岩石学

Häufige Phrasen

岩石の形成
岩石の年代測定
岩石の性質
岩石の分類
岩石の風化作用
岩石の隙間
岩石の表面
岩石が崩れる
岩石を砕く
岩石を調べる

Wird oft verwechselt mit

岩石 vs 石 (ishi)

岩石 vs 岩 (iwa)

岩石 vs 鉱石 (kouseki - ore)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"(No direct idioms use this scientific word; idioms use 石 or 岩)"
"石の上にも三年 (Uses ishi)"
"一石二鳥 (Uses seki)"
"焼け石に水 (Uses ishi)"
"岩に立つ矢 (Uses iwa)"
"他山の石 (Uses ishi)"
"千金を買って一石を投ず (Uses seki)"
"金石の交わり (Uses kinseki)"
"点滴石を穿つ (Uses ishi)"
"木石に非ず (Uses bokuseki)"

Leicht verwechselbar

岩石 vs

岩石 vs

岩石 vs

岩石 vs

岩石 vs

Satzmuster

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nuance

Objective, scientific, devoid of emotion or aesthetic appreciation.

colloquialisms

None. It is strictly formal.

regional variations

Standard across Japan.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 岩石 to refer to a small pebble on the street.
  • Using 岩石 to describe a beautiful natural boulder in a poem or casual story.
  • Translating the English metaphor 'You are my rock' using 岩石.
  • Pronouncing it as 'iwa-ishi' instead of 'gan-seki'.
  • Pairing it with overly casual verbs in a formal essay.

Tipps

Onyomi Reading

Remember that formal compound words usually use the Chinese readings. It's 'gan-seki', not 'iwa-ishi'.

Learn the Categories

If you learn this word, also learn 火成岩 (igneous), 堆積岩 (sedimentary), and 変成岩 (metamorphic) to complete the set.

Formal Verbs

Pair this noun with formal verbs like 分析する (analyze) rather than casual verbs like 見る (look).

Component Meanings

The word literally means 'rock-stone'. This redundancy emphasizes that it covers all solid earth materials.

Watch Documentaries

The best way to get a feel for this word is to watch Japanese nature or space documentaries.

Academic Papers

If you ever write a report on geography or earth science in Japanese, this word is mandatory.

No Metaphors

Do not translate English idioms involving 'rock' using this word. It is strictly literal and scientific.

The 'Seki' Family

Notice how many science words end in 石 (seki): 隕石 (meteorite), 化石 (fossil), 磁石 (magnet).

Objectivity

Using this word removes any emotional or aesthetic connection to the object, treating it purely as a physical specimen.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine a GIANT (gan) SACK (seki) full of heavy scientific rocks.

Wortherkunft

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

Kultureller Kontext

High (Academic/Journalistic)

Common in specific domains (science, news), rare in daily conversation.

Neutral/Formal

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"最近のニュースで、火星の岩石について聞きましたか？ (Did you hear about the Mars rocks in the recent news?)"

"博物館で珍しい岩石の展示を見たことがありますか？ (Have you ever seen an exhibition of rare rocks at a museum?)"

"地質学や岩石に興味はありますか？ (Are you interested in geology or rocks?)"

"日本は火山が多いので、様々な岩石が見られますね。 (Japan has many volcanoes, so you can see various rocks, right?)"

"学生時代、理科の授業で岩石について学びましたか？ (Did you learn about rocks in science class when you were a student?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Write about a time you visited a natural history museum and saw rock exhibits.

Summarize a news article about a geological event using the word 岩石.

Explain the difference between 石, 岩, and 岩石 in your own words.

Describe the geological features of your hometown.

Write a short sci-fi paragraph about discovering a new type of rock on another planet.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, that sounds very unnatural. For a small rock you can throw, use the word 石 (ishi). 岩石 is a formal, scientific term. Using it for skipping stones is like saying 'I skipped a geological mineral mass.'

岩 (iwa) refers to a large natural boulder or crag, often used in descriptions of nature or scenery. 岩石 (ganseki) is the scientific term for the material itself, regardless of size, used in geology and formal contexts.

Rarely. You might use it if you are discussing a science documentary or a news report about a landslide. Otherwise, native speakers stick to 石 or 岩 for daily life.

It is pronounced 'gan-seki'. Both kanji use their onyomi (Chinese-derived readings). The pitch accent is flat (heiban), meaning the pitch stays level after the first syllable.

Because it's a formal word, it pairs with formal verbs. Common ones include 採取する (to collect), 分析する (to analyze), 観察する (to observe), and 形成される (to be formed).

No. The word for mineral is 鉱物 (koubutsu). Rocks (岩石) are made up of one or more minerals (鉱物). It's an important distinction in science.

Yes, it generally appears around the N3 or N2 level. While the kanji are simple, understanding its specific formal usage is considered an intermediate to advanced skill.

It is frequently used when reporting on natural disasters like landslides (土砂崩れ) or volcanic eruptions, where large amounts of earth and rock are moving. It maintains an objective journalistic tone.

Yes, in geology, they are categorized mainly into 火成岩 (kaseigan - igneous rocks), 堆積岩 (taisekigan - sedimentary rocks), and 変成岩 (henseigan - metamorphic rocks).

No. Japanese does not use the word for rock to mean a reliable person. You would use different expressions entirely, such as 頼りになる人 (a reliable person).

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