ვსვამ in 30 Sekunden
- Core meaning: I drink.
- Verb: ვსვამ (vsvam).
- Usage: Consuming any liquid.
- CEFR Level: A1.
- Core Meaning
- The Georgian verb "ვსვამ" (vsvam) fundamentally means "I drink." It is the first-person singular present tense form of the verb "სმა" (sma), which means "to drink." This is a basic and essential verb used in everyday conversation to describe the act of consuming liquids.
- Common Usage
- You will hear "ვსვამ" used in a wide variety of situations. When someone is thirsty, they might say "წყალს ვსვამ" (tsq’als vsvam) meaning "I am drinking water." It's also used for beverages like tea ("ჩაის ვსვამ" - cha’is vsvam, "I am drinking tea"), coffee ("ყავას ვსვამ" - q’avas vsvam, "I am drinking coffee"), or juice ("წვენს ვსვამ" - ts’vens vsvam, "I am drinking juice"). Beyond simple consumption, it can also refer to drinking alcoholic beverages, such as wine ("ღვინოს ვსვამ" - ghvinos vsvam, "I am drinking wine"). The context usually clarifies the specific liquid being consumed.
- Beyond Liquids
- While its primary meaning is literal drinking, "სმა" and its conjugations can sometimes be used metaphorically, though "ვსვამ" itself is less common in these extended senses compared to other forms. For instance, in some idiomatic expressions, the concept of "drinking in" or "absorbing" might be implied, but for a beginner, focusing on the literal act of consuming liquids is key. The verb is extremely versatile and forms the backbone of many simple sentences related to daily needs and social interactions.
- Grammatical Note
- "ვსვამ" is an active verb. In Georgian, the object of the verb often takes the dative case when it's something being drunk, or the accusative case depending on the nuance and the specific verb conjugation being used in more complex scenarios. For "ვსვამ," when referring to drinking a specific beverage, the accusative case is commonly used, as in "წყალს ვსვამ" (tsq’als vsvam). Understanding Georgian verb conjugations and case usage is crucial for mastering sentences with this verb.
I am thirsty. I am drinking water. ვსვამ წყალს.
In the morning, I drink coffee. დილით ყავას ვსვამ.
- Basic Structure
- The most common sentence structure involving "ვსვამ" is: Subject (implied 'I') + Object (what is being drunk, in accusative case) + Verb ('ვსვამ'). For example, "ჩაის ვსვამ" (cha’is vsvam) - "I drink tea." The subject "I" is inherent in the verb ending '-am' for the first person singular. Adding adverbs of time or place is straightforward. For instance, "ახლა წყალს ვსვამ" (akhla tsq’als vsvam) - "I am drinking water now." Or "სახლში წვენს ვსვამ" (sakh’lshi ts’vens vsvam) - "I drink juice at home." Remember that Georgian word order can be flexible, but this is a very common and natural arrangement.
- Adding Context
- To make your sentences more descriptive, you can add adjectives or adverbs. For example, "ცხელ ჩაის ვსვამ" (ts’khel cha’is vsvam) - "I drink hot tea." Here, 'ცხელ' (ts’khel) is the accusative form of 'ცხელი' (ts’kheli - hot), agreeing with 'ჩაის'. You can also express frequency: "ყოველ დილით ყავას ვსვამ" (q’ovél dilit q’avas vsvam) - "Every morning I drink coffee." The phrase "ყოველ დილით" (q’ovél dilit) means "every morning." This demonstrates how to build more complex sentences by layering information.
- Expressing Preferences
- You can express what you *like* to drink using the verb "მიყვარს" (miq’vars - I like) followed by the infinitive form of the verb "სმა" (sma) and the object. For example, "მიყვარს წყლის სმა" (miq’vars ts’q’lis sma) - "I like drinking water." Note that "წყლის" (ts’q’lis) is in the genitive case here, and "სმა" is the noun form. However, a more common and natural way to express liking a beverage is to say "მიყვარს წყალი" (miq’vars tsq’ali) - "I like water." When you want to say "I like to drink X," you can say "მიყვარს X-ის დალევა" (miq’vars X-is daléva), using the verb "დალევა" (daléva - to drink, another verb for drinking, often used for specific instances or actions) or simply "მიყვარს X" (miq’vars X) if the context implies drinking.
- Conversational Examples
- In conversations, "ვსვამ" is used frequently. A friend might ask, "რას სვამ?" (ras svam? - What are you drinking?). You would respond with "წვენს ვსვამ" (ts’vens vsvam) or "წყალს ვსვამ" (tsq’als vsvam). If you are offered a drink, you might say "არა, მადლობა, არაფერს არ ვსვამ" (ara, madloba, araper’s ar vsvam) - "No, thank you, I'm not drinking anything." This shows how the verb fits into natural dialogue.
I drink sweet tea. ტკბილ ჩაის ვსვამ.
I drink juice in the morning. დილით წვენს ვსვამ.
- Everyday Conversations
- "ვსვამ" is one of the most frequently used verbs in Georgian. You will hear it constantly in informal settings. Imagine sitting in a café in Tbilisi; someone might ask their friend, "რას სვამ?" (ras svam? - What are you drinking?) and the reply could be "ყავას ვსვამ" (q’avas vsvam - I'm drinking coffee) or "ლიმონათს ვსვამ" (limonats vsvam - I'm drinking lemonade). It's used when people are simply quenching their thirst, enjoying a beverage, or socializing over drinks. This verb is as fundamental to Georgian as "I drink" is to English.
- Family Gatherings and Social Events
- At Georgian supra (feasts) or even smaller family dinners, the act of drinking is central. While toasts are made with specific verbs, the general act of consuming wine, chacha (grape pomace brandy), or other beverages is described using "სმა". You might hear someone say, "მე ღვინოს ვსვამ" (me ghvinos vsvam - I am drinking wine) or "ბავშვები წყალს სვამენ" (bavshvebi tsq’als svamen - the children are drinking water). The plural form "სვამენ" (svamen) is used for "they drink.". Even at home, when offering guests a drink, a host might say "რა გინდათ? ჩაის ვსვამ, თქვენც გინდათ?" (ra gindat? cha’is vsvam, tk’vents gindat? - What do you want? I'm drinking tea, do you want some too?).
- Media and Entertainment
- In Georgian films, television shows, and songs, "ვსვამ" appears naturally. A character might be shown sitting at a bar, looking contemplative, and the narration or dialogue could include "მარტო ვსვამ" (mart’o vsvam - I am drinking alone). Or in a scene depicting a busy morning, someone rushes through their routine saying "სწრაფად ვსვამ ყავას" (sts’rapad vsvam q’avas - I quickly drink coffee). Its ubiquity in media reflects its fundamental role in spoken Georgian.
- Language Learning Resources
- As a beginner learner, you will encounter "ვსვამ" in almost every introductory Georgian language course. Textbooks, online tutorials, and language exchange partners will use this verb extensively to teach basic sentence construction, vocabulary related to food and drink, and present tense conjugations. It's often one of the first verbs learners are expected to master due to its high frequency and straightforward meaning.
In the movie, the protagonist sits alone and drinks wine. ფილმში მთავარი გმირი მარტო ზის და ღვინოს სვამს.
The waiter asked, 'What are you drinking?' მიმტანმა იკითხა: 'რას სვამ?'
- Confusing Verb Forms
- The most frequent mistake for beginners is using the wrong conjugation of the verb "სმა." "ვსვამ" specifically means "I drink." Learners might mistakenly use it for "you drink" or "he/she drinks." For example, saying "შენ ვსვამ" (shen vsvam) instead of "შენ სვამ" (shen svam - you drink). Similarly, they might say "ის ვსვამ" (is vsvam) instead of "ის სვამს" (is svams - he/she drinks). It's crucial to memorize the different person/number endings: ვსვამ (I), სვამ (you sing.), სვამს (he/she), ვსვამთ (we), სვამთ (you pl./formal), სვამენ (they). Pay close attention to the prefixes and suffixes that change with the subject.
- Case Usage with Objects
- Another common error involves the case of the object being drunk. While "ვსვამ" is often followed by the accusative case (e.g., "წყალს ვსვამ" - tsq’als vsvam), learners might incorrectly use the nominative or genitive case. For example, saying "მე ვსვამ წყალი" (me vsvam tsq’ali) instead of "მე წყალს ვსვამ" (me tsq’als vsvam). The accusative ending '-s' is very common for feminine and masculine nouns in this context. Understanding and practicing Georgian noun cases is essential for constructing grammatically correct sentences with "ვსვამ".
- Using "დალევა" vs. "სმა"
- Georgian has multiple verbs for "to drink." "სმა" is the general verb, and "დალევა" (daléva) often refers to the act of drinking a specific drink or a single instance. Beginners might overuse "ვსვამ" when "მე დავლიე" (me davlie - I drank, past tense of daléva) or "მე დავლევ" (me davlev - I will drink, future tense of daléva) would be more appropriate, or vice versa. For the present tense, "ვსვამ" is generally correct for ongoing actions. However, when talking about finishing a drink, "დავლიე" is used. For instance, "მე უკვე დავლიე წყალი" (me uk’vé davlie tsq’ali - I already drank water). Conversely, "მე ვსვამ წყალს" implies the action is happening now or is a habitual action.
- Over-reliance on English Equivalents
- Directly translating English sentence structures can lead to errors. For example, in English, we say "I am drinking tea." In Georgian, the simple present "ვსვამ" often covers this continuous aspect. Learners might try to create a separate continuous form that doesn't exist in the same way, or misapply the English present continuous structure. It's important to learn how Georgian expresses ongoing actions, which often relies on the simple present tense for verbs like "ვსვამ.".
Incorrect: მე ვსვამ ჩაი. Correct: მე ჩაის ვსვამ.
Incorrect: შენ ვსვამ. Correct: შენ სვამ.
- The Verb "დალევა" (daléva)
- "დალევა" (daléva) is another common Georgian verb meaning "to drink." The primary difference lies in aspect and usage. "სმა" (sma) is often considered imperfective, referring to the general act or habitual drinking, while "დალევა" is often perfective, referring to the completion of the act of drinking a specific beverage or a single instance. For the present tense, "ვსვამ" (vsvam - I drink) is used for ongoing or habitual actions. However, for a specific instance of drinking in the present, one might use the future tense of "დალევა", which looks like present: "მე დავლევ" (me davlev - I will drink/I drink [this one]). In the past tense, "მე დავლიე" (me davlie - I drank) is used for a completed action, whereas the past of "სმა" is "ვსვამდი" (vsvamdi - I was drinking).
Example Comparison:
ვსვამ: ყოველ დილით ყავას ვსვამ. (Q’ovél dilit q’avas vsvam. - Every morning I drink coffee. - Habitual)
დალევა (future form used as present): ახლა ერთ ჭიქა წყალს დავლევ. (Akhla ert ch’iq’a tsq’als davlev. - Now I will drink a glass of water. - Specific instance, immediate)
დალევა (past): გუშინ ღვინო დავლიე. (Gushin ghvino davlie. - Yesterday I drank wine. - Completed action) - The Noun "სმა" (sma) and "დალევა" (daléva)
- Both "სმა" and "დალევა" can also function as nouns, meaning "the act of drinking" or "a drink." "სმა" is more general, while "დალევა" can refer to a specific drinking session or a single beverage consumed.
Example Comparison:
სმა: მისი სმა მომწონს. (Misi sma momts’ons. - I like his drinking. - General habit)
დალევა: ეს დალევა ძალიან კარგია. (Es daléva dzalian k’argia. - This drink is very good. - Referring to a specific beverage or instance) - Related Verbs (Metaphorical Usage)
- While "ვსვამ" is primarily literal, other verbs might be used in metaphorical senses related to "drinking" or "absorbing." For instance, "შევიწოვ" (shevitsóv) means "to absorb" (like a sponge absorbs water), and "გაიგო" (gaigo) can mean "to grasp" or "understand" (figuratively "drink in" information). However, these are not direct synonyms for the literal act of consuming liquids.
- Phrases for Offering a Drink
- Instead of directly using "ვსვამ," when offering a drink, Georgians often use phrases like:
გინდა დალიო? (ginda dalio? - Do you want to drink?)
ჩაი დავლიოთ? (chai davliot? - Shall we drink tea?)
These phrases use the verb "დალევა" and are polite ways to offer a beverage.
I drink water (habitually). წყალს ვსვამ.
I will drink coffee now. ახლა ყავას დავლევ.
How Formal Is It?
"სამწუხაროდ, ჯანმრთელობის მდგომარეობის გამო, ალკოჰოლურ სასმელებს თავს შევიკავებ."
"მე წყალს ვსვამ."
"აუ, მწყურია, რამე დავლიოთ!"
"პატარა ბავშვები რძეს სვამენ."
"დღეს კარგად დავლიოთ!"
Wusstest du?
The verb 'სმა' is one of the most basic and frequently used verbs in Georgian, appearing in numerous idiomatic expressions and foundational vocabulary. Its simplicity belies its deep roots and broad application in the language.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing the 'v' as 'w'.
- Making the 'a' sound too short or like the 'a' in 'cat'.
- Adding extra syllables or sounds.
- Not emphasizing the open 'ah' sound.
- Confusing it with other similar-sounding words.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
At CEFR A1 level, 'ვსვამ' is one of the first verbs learners encounter. Reading simple sentences using this verb is straightforward, involving basic vocabulary and sentence structures. Understanding its meaning is crucial for comprehending everyday dialogues.
Writing simple sentences with 'ვსვამ' is also at an A1 level. Learners need to focus on correct verb conjugation and the accusative case for the object. Constructing sentences like 'მე წყალს ვსვამ' is a fundamental writing skill.
Producing 'ვსვამ' in spoken Georgian is essential for basic communication. It's a high-frequency verb, and learners are encouraged to use it from the beginning to describe their actions and needs.
Recognizing 'ვსვამ' when spoken is crucial for comprehension. Due to its frequency, learners will quickly become familiar with its sound in basic conversations about food and drink.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Accusative Case for Direct Objects
When 'ვსვამ' takes a direct object (what is being drunk), that object is typically in the accusative case. For example, 'ჩაი' (tea) becomes 'ჩაის' (chai-s).
Verb Conjugation for Person and Number
'ვსვამ' is for 'I'. 'შენ სვამ' (you drink), 'ის სვამს' (he/she drinks), 'ჩვენ ვსვამთ' (we drink), 'თქვენ სვამთ' (you plural/formal drink), 'ისინი სვამენ' (they drink).
Present Tense for Ongoing/Habitual Actions
In Georgian, the simple present tense often covers both simple present and present continuous aspects. 'I drink tea' and 'I am drinking tea' can both be 'ჩაის ვსვამ'.
Use of 'მინდა' (I want) with Verbs
To express 'I want to drink', you often use 'მინდა' followed by the future/subjunctive form of 'დალევა', e.g., 'მინდა დავლიო' (minda davlio - I want to drink).
Negation with 'არ' and 'არაფერი'
To say 'I am not drinking anything', you use 'არაფერს არ ვსვამ' (araper’s ar vsvam).
Beispiele nach Niveau
მე წყალს ვსვამ.
I drink water.
Basic sentence structure: Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + Verb.
დილით ჩაის ვსვამ.
In the morning, I drink tea.
Adding a time adverbial phrase 'დილით' (in the morning).
ახლა რძეს ვსვამ.
Now I am drinking milk.
Using 'ახლა' (now) to indicate the present moment.
შენ რას სვამ?
What are you drinking?
Question form: 'What' (რას) + Verb (conjugated for 'you').
მე ყავას ვსვამ.
I drink coffee.
Common beverage, accusative case for 'coffee'.
ბავშვები წვენს სვამენ.
The children are drinking juice.
Plural form 'სვამენ' (they drink).
მე არაფერს არ ვსვამ.
I am not drinking anything.
Negation with 'არაფერს არ' (anything not).
მინდა წყალი დავლიო.
I want to drink water.
Using 'მინდა' (I want) with the verb 'დავლიო' (future/subjunctive of daléva).
საღამოს ხშირად ჩაის ვსვამ.
In the evening, I often drink tea.
Using adverbs of frequency like 'ხშირად' (often).
ეს ღვინო ძალიან მომწონს, ამიტომ ვსვამ.
I really like this wine, so I am drinking it.
Connecting clauses with 'ამიტომ' (so/therefore).
ექიმმა მითხრა, რომ ბევრი წყალი უნდა ვსვა.
The doctor told me that I should drink a lot of water.
Indirect speech and modal verbs ('უნდა' - should/must).
როცა მწყურია, წყალს ვსვამ.
When I am thirsty, I drink water.
Using subordinate clauses with 'როცა' (when).
სამსახურში ყავას ვსვამ, რომ გამომეფხიზლოს.
I drink coffee at work so that I can wake up.
Expressing purpose with 'რომ' (so that).
გუშინ მეგობრებთან ერთად ლუდს ვსვამდით.
Yesterday, we were drinking beer with friends.
Past imperfective tense 'ვსვამდით' (we were drinking).
არ მიყვარს გაზიანი სასმელები, ამიტომ მხოლოდ წყალს ვსვამ.
I don't like fizzy drinks, so I only drink water.
Expressing likes/dislikes and using 'მხოლოდ' (only).
შეგიძლია ერთი ჭიქა ღვინო დავლიო?
Can I drink a glass of wine?
Using 'შეგიძლია' (can you) with the verb 'დავლიო' (future of daléva).
ბევრს ვსვამ, როცა სტრესში ვარ, თუმცა ვიცი, რომ ეს არ არის ჯანსაღი.
I drink a lot when I am stressed, although I know it is not healthy.
Complex sentence structure with conjunctions like 'თუმცა' (although).
მთელი დღეა წყალს ვსვამ, მაგრამ მაინც მწყურია.
I have been drinking water all day, but I am still thirsty.
Using the present tense to imply duration ('all day').
სადილის შემდეგ, ტრადიციულად, ცოტა კონიაკს ვსვამ.
After dinner, traditionally, I drink a little cognac.
Using adverbs indicating tradition and quantity.
თუ არ მიირთმევ, მე დავლევ.
If you are not eating/drinking, I will drink it.
Conditional clause ('თუ' - if) and future tense of 'დალევა'.
სკოლაში ვიყავი, როცა დედამ დამირეკა და მითხრა, რომ ჩაი დამელია.
I was at school when my mother called me and told me to drink tea.
Past continuous tense ('ვიყავი') and past imperative ('დაელია' - to drink, past form used in commands/requests).
ეს ახალი მცენარეული ჩაი ძალიან მომწონს, ამიტომ ყოველდღე ვსვამ.
I really like this new herbal tea, so I drink it every day.
Describing a specific type of drink and habitual action.
მან მთხოვა, რომ მისთვის წყალი მომეტანა და დამელია.
He asked me to bring him water and drink it.
Subjunctive mood and reported speech.
წვეულებაზე ბევრი სხვადასხვა რამ დავლიე, რის გამოც თავი მტკივა.
I drank many different things at the party, which is why my head hurts.
Using relative clauses ('რის გამოც' - which is why) and past tense of 'დალევა'.
სამწუხაროდ, ჩემი ჯანმრთელობის მდგომარეობის გამო, ალკოჰოლის მიღება შემეზღუდა, ამიტომ მხოლოდ უალკოჰოლო სასმელებს ვსვამ.
Unfortunately, due to my health condition, my alcohol consumption is restricted, so I only drink non-alcoholic beverages.
Complex vocabulary and sentence structure, expressing restrictions.
ისეთი დაღლილი ვიყავი, რომ მუშაობისასაც კი წყალს ვსვამდი, თუმცა ჩვეულებრივ ამას არ ვაკეთებ.
I was so tired that I was drinking water even while working, although I don't usually do that.
Using 'ისეთი...რომ' (so...that) structure and past imperfective.
როდესაც უცხო ქვეყანაში ჩავდივარ, ყოველთვის ვცდილობ ადგილობრივი სასმელები დავლიო, რათა კულტურა უკეთ გავიგო.
When I travel to a foreign country, I always try to drink local beverages to understand the culture better.
Expressing purpose and cultural exploration.
მისი დამოკიდებულება ალკოჰოლზე მართლაც მაწუხებს; ის ხშირად ამბობს, რომ მხოლოდ სოციალიზაციისთვის სვამს, მაგრამ მე ეს არ მჯერა.
His attitude towards alcohol really worries me; he often says he only drinks for socialization, but I don't believe it.
Expressing opinions and doubts about others' statements.
ბავშვობიდანვე მაქვს მიდრეკილება, რომ მძიმე სასმელები არ მიყვარდეს, ამიტომ ყოველთვის მსუბუქ სასმელებს ვსვამ.
Since childhood, I have had a tendency not to like strong drinks, so I always drink light beverages.
Expressing innate preferences and tendencies.
მეგობარმა მირჩია, რომ ამ ახალ ენერგეტიკულ სასმელს გავესინჯე, თუმცა მეეჭვება, რომ მასში რაიმე სასარგებლო იყოს.
My friend advised me to try this new energy drink, although I doubt there is anything beneficial in it.
Expressing doubt and receiving advice.
საზოგადოებრივი ჯანმრთელობის ექსპერტები რეკომენდაციას იძლევიან, რომ დღეში არაუმეტეს ორი ჭიქა ღვინოს ვსვამდეთ.
Public health experts recommend that we drink no more than two glasses of wine per day.
Formal recommendations and passive voice construction.
იმედი მაქვს, რომ ეს ახალი დიეტა დამეხმარება, რომ ნაკლები შაქრიანი სასმელები დავლიო.
I hope that this new diet will help me drink fewer sugary drinks.
Expressing hope and the intention to change habits.
მისი მოგონებები ბავშვობაზე ხშირად უკავშირდება იმ დროს, როცა დედასთან ერთად ფანჯარასთან მჯდარი, თბილ რძეს ვსვამდი.
Her memories of childhood are often linked to the time when, sitting by the window with her mother, she would drink warm milk.
Complex narrative structure, evoking sensory details and past habitual actions.
სამწუხაროდ, თანამედროვე ცხოვრების ტემპის გამო, ბევრი ადამიანი იძულებულია, რომ სწრაფი კვებისა და დაუსრულებელი დალევის ციკლში მოექცეს.
Unfortunately, due to the pace of modern life, many people are forced into a cycle of fast food and endless drinking.
Abstract concepts, societal commentary, and sophisticated vocabulary.
კულტურული ნორმების თანახმად, საზოგადოებრივ თავშეყრის ადგილებში ალკოჰოლის ზომიერი მოხმარება მიღებულია, თუმცა მე პირადად ვამჯობინებ, რომ უალკოჰოლო სასმელები დავლიო.
According to cultural norms, moderate consumption of alcohol in public gathering places is accepted, although I personally prefer to drink non-alcoholic beverages.
Formal language, expressing personal preference within societal context.
მეცნიერული კვლევები ადასტურებს, რომ გარკვეული რაოდენობით წითელი ღვინის სისტემატური მიღება გულ-სისხლძარღვთა სისტემის ჯანმრთელობისთვის სასარგებლოა, თუმცა ეს რეკომენდაცია სიფრთხილით უნდა იქნას მიღებული.
Scientific research confirms that the systematic intake of a certain amount of red wine is beneficial for cardiovascular health, although this recommendation should be taken with caution.
Discussing scientific findings and qualifications.
მისი თქმით, მან გადაწყვიტა, რომ შეეწყვიტა ალკოჰოლის მიღება, რადგან მიხვდა, რომ ეს მისი ცხოვრების ხარისხზე უარყოფითად აისახებოდა.
According to him, he decided to stop consuming alcohol because he realized it would negatively affect his quality of life.
Reported speech, expressing reasoning and consequences.
განათლების სისტემაში ბევრი ადამიანი მიიჩნევს, რომ სტუდენტებმა უნივერსიტეტში სწავლის პერიოდში უნდა ისწავლონ, თუ როგორ მართონ თავიანთი დრო და რესურსები, მათ შორის, თუ რა და როდის უნდა დალიონ.
In the education system, many people believe that students should learn during their university studies how to manage their time and resources, including what and when they should drink.
Discussing educational philosophies and responsible decision-making.
ფილოსოფიურ ტრაქტატში ავტორი მსჯელობს იმაზე, თუ როგორ შეიძლება ადამიანის სულიერი მდგომარეობა აისახებოდეს მის მიერ მიღებულ სასმელებზე.
In the philosophical treatise, the author discusses how a person's spiritual state can be reflected in the beverages they consume.
Abstract philosophical discourse and metaphorical connections.
ჩემი მეგობრის ქორწილში, ტრადიციული სადღეგრძელოების გარდა, მე პირადად ვისიამოვნე ახალი, ეგზოტიკური ხილის წვენებით, რომლებსაც აქამდე არასდროს ვსვამდი.
At my friend's wedding, besides the traditional toasts, I personally enjoyed new, exotic fruit juices that I had never drunk before.
Describing personal enjoyment and novel experiences.
მისი დამოკიდებულება ალკოჰოლური სასმელებისადმი, რომელიც ბავშვობიდან ჩამოყალიბდა, იმდენად ღრმად არის ფესვებგადგმული, რომ მისი შეცვლა თითქმის შეუძლებელია, მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ ის აცნობიერებს მის მავნე ზეგავლენას.
His attitude towards alcoholic beverages, which was formed in childhood, is so deeply ingrained that it is almost impossible to change, despite his awareness of its harmful effects.
Sophisticated phrasing, exploring deep-seated psychological patterns.
მკვლევარები ცდილობენ გაარკვიონ, თუ რა გენეტიკური ან გარემო ფაქტორები უწყობს ხელს იმას, რომ ზოგი ადამიანი მიდრეკილია ჭარბად სვას, ხოლო ზოგიერთი საერთოდ თავს იკავებს.
Researchers are trying to determine what genetic or environmental factors contribute to some people being prone to excessive drinking, while others abstain entirely.
Discussing complex scientific research and causality.
ფსიქოანალიტიკური თვალსაზრისით, ადამიანის მიერ მიღებული სასმელები შეიძლება იყოს მისი ქვეცნობიერი სურვილების ან შინაგანი კონფლიქტების სიმბოლური გამოხატულება.
From a psychoanalytic perspective, the beverages consumed by a person can be a symbolic expression of their subconscious desires or internal conflicts.
Advanced psychological and symbolic interpretation.
ისტორიულად, სხვადასხვა კულტურაში ღვინოსა და სხვა ალკოჰოლურ სასმელებს არა მხოლოდ საზეიმო, არამედ თერაპიული და რიტუალური დანიშნულებაც ჰქონდა, რაც მათი მრავალწლიანი გამოყენების ისტორიით დასტურდება.
Historically, in various cultures, wine and other alcoholic beverages had not only ceremonial but also therapeutic and ritualistic purposes, as evidenced by their long history of use.
Historical and anthropological analysis of beverage consumption.
მისი ცხოვრებისეული ფილოსოფია იმდენად იყო გამსჭვალული ეპი-კურულიზმით, რომ ის ყოველდღიურად ცდილობდა, დაეგემოვნა უიშვიათესი ღვინოები და დაესვა ეგზოტიკური კოქტეილები, როგორც ცხოვრებისეული სიამოვნების უმაღლესი ფორმა.
His life philosophy was so imbued with Epicureanism that he daily sought to taste the rarest wines and drink exotic cocktails as the highest form of life's pleasures.
Philosophical discourse and advanced vocabulary related to hedonism.
სოციოლოგიური კვლევები აჩვენებს, რომ საზოგადოებებში, სადაც ალკოჰოლის მოხმარება უფრო ლიბერალურია, ხშირად უფრო დაბალია დანაშაულის მაჩვენებელი, თუმცა ეს კორელაცია არ ნიშნავს მიზეზ-შედეგობრივ კავშირს.
Sociological studies show that in societies where alcohol consumption is more liberal, the crime rate is often lower, although this correlation does not imply a causal relationship.
Complex statistical and sociological analysis, emphasizing correlation vs. causation.
მისი მემუარები ნათლად აღწერს, თუ როგორ გადალახა დამოკიდებულება, რომელიც მას თითქმის დაღუპავდა, და როგორ იპოვა ახალი აზრი ცხოვრებაში, რომელიც მას აღარ აიძულებდა, რომ ტკივილისაგან თავის დასაღწევად სასმელებს მიეყრდნო.
His memoirs vividly describe how he overcame an addiction that almost destroyed him, and how he found new meaning in life that no longer compelled him to rely on drinks to escape pain.
Intense personal narrative, exploring themes of addiction and recovery.
სამეფო კარზე, სადაც განათლებული და დახვეწილი საზოგადოება იკრიბებოდა, ყოველთვის დიდი მნიშვნელობა ენიჭებოდა იმას, თუ რა სახის სასმელებს სვამდნენ და როგორ მიირთმევდნენ მათ.
At the royal court, where educated and refined society gathered, great importance was always attached to what kind of beverages they drank and how they were served.
Describing historical social customs and etiquette in detail.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
წყალს ვსვამ
ჩაის ვსვამ
ყავას ვსვამ
ღვინოს ვსვამ
რას სვამ?
არაფერს არ ვსვამ
ბევრს ვსვამ
ახლა ვსვამ
ყოველდღე ვსვამ
მინდა დავლიო
Wird oft verwechselt mit
'სვამს' is the third-person singular form, meaning 'he/she drinks'. Beginners might mistakenly use 'ვსვამ' for 'he/she'.
'დალევა' is another verb for drinking, often used for specific instances or completed actions, whereas 'სმა' is more general and habitual. The present tense usage can overlap, but the past and future forms are distinct.
'ვსვამდი' is the past imperfective, meaning 'I was drinking', describing an ongoing action in the past, contrasting with the present tense 'ვსვამ'.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
"სისხლში გაზავებული"
Literally 'diluted in the blood'. Used to describe something that is deeply ingrained, almost part of one's nature, often used in the context of habits or characteristics, including drinking habits.
მისი სიყვარული ღვინისადმი სისხლში გაზავებული აქვს. (Misi siy’uaruli ghvinisadmi sistskhshi gazavebuli akvs. - His love for wine is in his blood.)
Figurative/Informal"გულით სმა"
Literally 'drinking with the heart'. It implies drinking with genuine enjoyment, heartfelt conviviality, or perhaps drinking to drown sorrows.
ისინი ერთად სვამდნენ, გულით სვამდნენ და მღეროდნენ. (Isini ertad svamdnen, gulit svamdnen da mgherdnen. - They drank together, drank heartily, and sang.)
Figurative/Informal"სმითა და ხალისით"
Literally 'with drinking and with joy'. Refers to enjoying oneself heartily, often involving food and drink.
მთელი ღამე სმითა და ხალისით გაატარეს. (Mteli ghame smita da khalisit gaatarés. - They spent the whole night with drinking and merriment.)
Figurative/Informal"სმასა და პურსა შიგ"
Literally 'within drinking and bread'. Refers to the essential elements of sustenance or a simple, satisfying meal/gathering.
მეგობრები შეიკრიბნენ სმასა და პურსა შიგ. (Megobrebi sheikribnen smasa da p’ursa shig. - Friends gathered for food and drink.)
Archaic/Figurative"სმას და გართობას"
Literally 'drinking and entertainment'. Refers to indulging in pleasures, often implying excessive or carefree enjoyment.
ისინი მხოლოდ სმასა და გართობას ეძებდნენ. (Isini mkholod smasa da gart’obas edzebdnen. - They were only seeking drinking and entertainment.)
Figurative/Informal"თავისი წილი დალევა"
Literally 'to drink one's share'. Refers to receiving one's due, whether good or bad, often implying experiencing the consequences of one's actions.
მან თავისი წილი დალევა ამ პრობლემაში. (Man tavisi ts’ili daléva am p’roblemaShi. - He got his share of trouble in this problem.)
Figurative/Informal"სასმელი წყლის დალევა"
Literally 'drinking drinking water'. Used to emphasize the basic necessity and purity of water, or sometimes ironically for something very simple.
ეს ისეთი მარტივია, როგორც სასმელი წყლის დალევა. (Es iset’i mart’ivi a, rogorc sasmel tsq’lis daléva. - This is as simple as drinking drinking water.)
Figurative/Informal"სულით სმა"
Literally 'drinking with the soul'. Implies drinking with deep feeling, perhaps for solace or profound enjoyment.
ის ღვინოს სულით სვამდა, თითქოს სამყაროს ტკივილს ივიწყებდა. (Is ghvinos sulit svamda, tit’kos samq’aros tk’ivils ivits’q’ebda. - He drank wine with his soul, as if forgetting the world's pain.)
Figurative/Poetic"მწარე წყლის დალევა"
Literally 'drinking bitter water'. Refers to enduring hardship, suffering, or unpleasant consequences.
მან მწარე წყალი დალია ამ შეცდომის გამო. (Man mt’sare tsq’ali dalia am shetsdomis gamó. - He drank bitter water because of this mistake.)
Figurative/Informal"სმას მიეჩვია"
Literally 'got used to drinking'. Refers to becoming accustomed to drinking, often implying habitual or problematic consumption.
ის ადრე არ სვამდა, მაგრამ ახლა სასმელს მიეჩვია. (Is adre ar svamda, maghram akhla sasmels miech’via. - He didn't drink before, but now he's gotten used to drinking.)
Figurative/InformalLeicht verwechselbar
Both are conjugations of the verb 'to drink' and sound similar.
'ვსვამ' (vsvam) is the first-person singular ('I drink'), while 'სვამს' (svams) is the third-person singular ('he/she drinks'). The prefix 'ვ-' indicates the first person.
მე წყალს ვსვამ. (I drink water.) vs. ის წყალს სვამს. (He/She drinks water.)
This is the future tense of 'დალევა', which can sometimes be used in the present context to mean 'I will drink' or 'I drink [this specific one now]'.
'ვსვამ' generally refers to habitual or ongoing actions in the present, whereas 'დავლევ' often implies a specific future action or a singular instance of drinking. However, context can blur the lines.
ყოველდღე ყავას ვსვამ. (I drink coffee every day.) vs. ახლა ამ ყავას დავლევ. (Now I will drink this coffee.)
Both are past tenses related to drinking.
'ვსვამდი' is the past imperfective ('I was drinking'), describing an action in progress in the past. 'ვსვამ' is the present tense ('I drink').
გუშინ საღამოს ჩაის ვსვამდი. (Yesterday evening I was drinking tea.) vs. ახლა ჩაის ვსვამ. (Now I am drinking tea.)
Both relate to the act of drinking in the past.
'დავლიე' is the past perfective of 'დალევა' ('I drank' - a completed action). 'ვსვამ' is the present tense ('I drink').
გუშინ ლუდი დავლიე. (Yesterday I drank beer.) vs. ახლა ლუდს ვსვამ. (Now I am drinking beer.)
Similar sound and common in basic sentences.
'მომაქვს' means 'I bring' (something to me). 'ვსვამ' means 'I drink'. They are completely different actions.
მე წყალს ვსვამ. (I drink water.) vs. ის წყალს მომაქვს. (He/She brings me water.)
Satzmuster
Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + ვსვამ.
წყალს ვსვამ. (Tsq’als vsvam. - I drink water.)
Time Phrase + Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + ვსვამ.
დილით ჩაის ვსვამ. (Dilit cha’is vsvam. - In the morning I drink tea.)
Adverb + Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + ვსვამ.
ახლა ყავას ვსვამ. (Akhla q’avas vsvam. - Now I drink coffee.)
Question Word + Verb (conjugated for 'you')?
რას სვამ? (Ras svam? - What are you drinking?)
Subject (implied 'I') + არაფერს არ + Verb.
არაფერს არ ვსვამ. (Araper’s ar vsvam. - I am not drinking anything.)
Conjunction + Clause + Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + ვსვამ.
მწყურია, ამიტომ წყალს ვსვამ. (Mts’q’uria, amit’om tsq’als vsvam. - I am thirsty, so I drink water.)
Subordinate Clause (e.g., 'როცა') + Main Clause (Subject (implied 'I') + Object (accusative) + ვსვამ).
როცა მშია, წყალს ვსვამ. (Rotsa mshia, tsq’als vsvam. - When I am hungry, I drink water.)
Complex sentence with modal verbs or expressions of purpose/reason involving drinking.
ჯანმრთელობისთვის ბევრი წყალი უნდა ვსვა. (Janmrt’elobisთვის bevrí tsq’ali unda vsvá. - For health, I must drink a lot of water.)
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
Very High
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Using 'ვსვამ' for 'he/she drinks'.
→
ის სვამს.
The prefix 'ვ-' in 'ვსვამ' specifically indicates the first person ('I'). For 'he/she drinks', the form is 'სვამს' (svams). Learners often forget to change the conjugation based on the subject.
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Incorrect case for the object.
→
მე წყალს ვსვამ.
Instead of 'მე წყალი ვსვამ', the object 'წყალი' (water) needs the accusative case ending '-s', becoming 'წყალს'. This is a common challenge with Georgian noun cases.
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Confusing 'I drink' with 'I drank'.
→
I drink: ვსვამ. I drank: დავლიე.
Beginners might use the present tense 'ვსვამ' when they mean a past action. The past tense for a completed act of drinking is usually 'დავლიე' (davlie), derived from 'დალევა'.
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Overusing 'ვსვამ' for specific instances.
→
ახლა ამ ჭიქა წყალს დავლევ. (Now I will drink this glass of water.)
While 'ვსვამ' can sometimes cover present continuous, for a specific, immediate action like drinking a particular glass of water, the future tense of 'დალევა' ('დავლევ' - davlev) is often more appropriate.
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Incorrect negation.
→
მე არაფერს არ ვსვამ. (I am not drinking anything.)
Simply saying 'არ ვსვამ' means 'I don't drink'. To specify 'anything', the double negative structure with 'არაფერს არ' is required.
Tipps
Master the 'Vam' Sound
Focus on the clear 'v' sound at the beginning and the open 'ah' sound in the middle. Imagine saying 'Vam!' with a satisfied gulp. This will help you remember the pronunciation and meaning.
Object Case is Key
Remember that the thing you are drinking (the object) usually takes the accusative case ending, often '-s'. Practice forming sentences like 'წყალს ვსვამ' (tsq’als vsvam) to solidify this rule.
Learn Related Drinks
As you learn 'ვსვამ', also learn the names of common beverages like 'წყალი' (water), 'ჩაი' (tea), 'ყავა' (coffee), and 'ღვინო' (wine). This will allow you to create meaningful sentences immediately.
Context is Everything
While 'ვსვამ' is general, pay attention to context. 'I drink' can mean a habit ('Every day I drink tea') or an ongoing action ('Now I am drinking water'). Georgian often uses the simple present for both.
Use the Mnemonic
Connect the sound 'Vam' to the action of drinking. Visualize yourself saying 'Vam!' with a glass of water. Repetition and strong visual association are powerful memory tools.
Daily Drink Log
Keep a simple log for a day: 'დილას ვსვამ ყავას' (I drink coffee in the morning), 'შუადღეს ვსვამ წყალს' (I drink water at noon). This active practice reinforces the verb and vocabulary.
Georgian Hospitality
Understand that offering and accepting drinks is a significant part of Georgian hospitality. Learning 'ვსვამ' is a step towards engaging in these cultural practices.
Other Persons
Once you master 'ვსვამ' (I drink), learn the other forms: 'სვამ' (you drink), 'სვამს' (he/she drinks), etc. This is crucial for understanding and participating in conversations.
Vs. 'დალევა'
Distinguish between the general/habitual 'სმა' (vsvam) and the specific/completed 'დალევა' (daléva). While they overlap, understanding the nuance helps with more advanced usage.
Role-Play Scenarios
Practice role-playing ordering drinks at a café or offering a drink to a friend. This practical application makes learning 'ვსვამ' more dynamic and memorable.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine yourself saying 'VAM!' with a full mouth of water, emphasizing the 'V' sound and the open 'ah' sound. 'VAM!' - I drink!
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a large 'V' shape formed by two hands holding a glass of water, with an open mouth below it, ready to drink. The 'V' stands for 'Vsvam' and the action is drinking.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to say 'ვსვამ' ten times while miming the action of drinking. Then, try to use it in sentences about different beverages you might drink throughout the day.
Wortherkunft
The verb 'სმა' (sma) is of ancient origin, common to Kartvelian languages. Its root is believed to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *s(w)e(i)- 'to flow, to pour'. This connection highlights the fundamental nature of drinking as consuming flowing liquids.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: Primarily 'to drink', 'to consume liquid'.
KartvelianKultureller Kontext
While 'ვსვამ' is a neutral verb, discussions around excessive drinking or alcohol abuse require sensitivity, as they can be sensitive topics in any culture.
In English-speaking cultures, drinking is also common, but perhaps less ritualized in everyday social gatherings compared to Georgia. While coffee and tea are daily staples, alcohol consumption might be more compartmentalized into specific social events or personal choices.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Ordering food and drinks at a restaurant or café.
- მაგიდა გვინდა. (Mágida gvínda. - We'd like a table.)
- რას შემოგთავაზებთ? (Ras shemotavazebt? - What can we offer you?)
- მე წყალს ვსვამ. (Me tsq’als vsvam. - I'll drink water.)
- ჩაი მინდა. (Chaí mínda. - I want tea.)
Conversations at home, offering guests beverages.
- გამარჯობა! რა გინდათ? (Gamardjoba! Ra gindat? - Hello! What do you want?)
- ჩაის ვსვამ, თქვენც გინდათ? (Cha’is vsvam, tk’vents gindat? - I'm drinking tea, do you want some too?)
- შემოდით, დაჯექით. (Shemodit, dadzhekit. - Come in, sit down.)
- მადლობა, არაფერს არ ვსვამ. (Madloba, araper’s ar vsvam. - Thank you, I'm not drinking anything.)
Talking about daily routines and habits.
- დილით ყოველთვის ყავას ვსვამ. (Dilit q’ovéltsis q’avas vsvam. - I always drink coffee in the morning.)
- საღამოს მირჩევნია ჩაის დალევა. (Saghamos mirchevia cha’is daléva. - In the evening, I prefer drinking tea.)
- როცა ვმუშაობ, წყალს ვსვამ. (Rotsa vmuschaob, tsq’als vsvam. - When I work, I drink water.)
- შაბათ-კვირას ლუდს ვსვამ ხოლმე. (Shabat-k’viras luds vsvam kh’olme. - On weekends, I tend to drink beer.)
Social gatherings and parties.
- მოგესალმებით! (Mogesalmebit! - Welcome!)
- რას სვამ? (Ras svam? - What are you drinking?)
- მე ღვინოს ვსვამ. (Me ghvinos vsvam. - I'm drinking wine.)
- სადღეგრძელო! (Sadghégrdzéló! - A toast!)
Expressing thirst or the need for a drink.
- ძალიან მწყურია. (Dzalian mts’q’uria. - I am very thirsty.)
- მინდა წყალი დავლიო. (Minda tsq’ali davlio. - I want to drink water.)
- სასმელი მჭირდება. (Sasmelí mt’chirdeba. - I need a drink.)
- ხელში რამე მომაწოდე. (Khelshi rame moats’ode. - Hand me something to drink.)
Gesprächseinstiege
"What is your favorite beverage to drink in the morning?"
"Do you prefer hot or cold drinks?"
"What are some common drinks in your culture?"
"When you are thirsty, what do you usually drink?"
"Tell me about a time you tried a new drink and liked it."
Tagebuch-Impulse
Describe your typical daily drinking habits. What do you usually drink and when?
Think about a time you were very thirsty. What did you drink, and how did it make you feel?
If you could invent a new drink, what would it be like? Describe its taste, color, and ingredients.
What are your thoughts on the role of drinks in social gatherings?
Write a short story about a character who discovers a magical drink. What happens when they drink it?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenThe literal translation of 'ვსვამ' (vsvam) is 'I drink'. It specifically refers to the action performed by the first-person singular subject ('I').
Yes, 'ვსვამ' is a general verb for drinking and can be used for any liquid, including water, tea, coffee, juice, milk, and alcoholic beverages. The specific drink is usually mentioned after the verb, often in the accusative case.
The verb form changes based on the subject. 'You drink' (singular, informal) is 'სვამ' (svam). 'He/she drinks' is 'სვამს' (svams). It's important to learn the different conjugations for each person and number.
'სმა' (and its conjugation 'ვსვამ') is generally imperfective, referring to the habitual or ongoing act of drinking. 'დალევა' is often perfective, referring to a specific instance or the completion of drinking. For example, 'ჩაის ვსვამ' (I drink tea - habitually) vs. 'ახლა ჩაის დავლევ' (Now I will drink this tea - specific instance).
The past tense for a completed action of drinking is usually derived from 'დალევა'. For example, 'I drank' is 'დავლიე' (davlie).
The direct object of 'ვსვამ' (what is being drunk) is typically in the accusative case. For example, 'წყალი' (water) becomes 'წყალს' (tsq’als) when it is the object.
While 'სმა' can appear in some idiomatic expressions metaphorically, 'ვსვამ' itself is primarily used for the literal act of drinking liquids. Metaphorical uses are less common with this specific first-person present tense form.
There isn't a plural form for 'I drink' because 'I' is singular. The plural form for 'we drink' is 'ვსვამთ' (vsvamt).
You negate the verb using 'არ' (ar). So, 'I don't drink' is 'არ ვსვამ' (ar vsvam). If you mean 'I don't drink anything', it's 'არაფერს არ ვსვამ' (araper’s ar vsvam).
Yes, the act of making a toast is often referred to by the noun 'სადღეგრძელო' (sadghégrdzéló), and the verb 'სადღეგრძელოს ვამბობ' (sadghégrdzélos vambob - I say a toast) is used.
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Summary
The Georgian verb 'ვსვამ' (vsvam) is your go-to for saying 'I drink'. It's essential for describing the basic act of consuming liquids like water, tea, or coffee in everyday situations. Remember it's always about 'I' doing the drinking.
- Core meaning: I drink.
- Verb: ვსვამ (vsvam).
- Usage: Consuming any liquid.
- CEFR Level: A1.
Master the 'Vam' Sound
Focus on the clear 'v' sound at the beginning and the open 'ah' sound in the middle. Imagine saying 'Vam!' with a satisfied gulp. This will help you remember the pronunciation and meaning.
Object Case is Key
Remember that the thing you are drinking (the object) usually takes the accusative case ending, often '-s'. Practice forming sentences like 'წყალს ვსვამ' (tsq’als vsvam) to solidify this rule.
Learn Related Drinks
As you learn 'ვსვამ', also learn the names of common beverages like 'წყალი' (water), 'ჩაი' (tea), 'ყავა' (coffee), and 'ღვინო' (wine). This will allow you to create meaningful sentences immediately.
Context is Everything
While 'ვსვამ' is general, pay attention to context. 'I drink' can mean a habit ('Every day I drink tea') or an ongoing action ('Now I am drinking water'). Georgian often uses the simple present for both.
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