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A2 noun 10 Min. Lesezeit

~에 앞서

-e apseo
Beispiele Notizen & Tipps ~에 앞서 in 30 Sekunden
Erklärung ~에 앞서 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you usually learn the word '전' (before) to talk about time. For example, '밥 먹기 전에' (before eating). '~에 앞서' is a more advanced version of this. It means 'before' or 'prior to.' You will mostly see this in formal places like news or school announcements. Think of it as a polite way to say what happens first. In A1, you don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but you might see it in simple signs or formal introductions. It is made of '에' (at/to) and '앞서' (ahead). So, it literally means 'ahead of' something in time. For example, '수업에 앞서' means 'before the class.' It helps you understand the order of events. Even though it is formal, it is a very useful word to recognize when someone is giving a speech or starting a special event.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to use more formal Korean. '~에 앞서' is a great expression to use when you want to sound professional. It is used with a noun or a verb ending in '-기.' For example, '여행에 앞서' (prior to the trip) or '출발하기에 앞서' (prior to departing). This expression is more formal than '~전에.' You can use it when you are giving a small presentation in class or writing a polite email. It shows that the first thing you do is a preparation for the second thing. For example, '식사에 앞서 손을 씻으세요' (Prior to the meal, please wash your hands). This sounds much more polite than just saying 'wash before eating.' It is also very common in news headlines. Learning this will help you understand formal announcements at airports or train stations.
As a B1 learner, you should begin to distinguish between different levels of formality. '~에 앞서' is specifically used in formal contexts to indicate priority and sequence. It functions similarly to 'prior to' in English. In business meetings, it is used to set the stage: '본론에 앞서...' (Prior to the main point...). This expression often appears in written documents like reports or invitations. It implies that the action following it is a necessary prerequisite or a respectful preliminary. For instance, '공연에 앞서 휴대폰을 꺼 주시기 바랍니다' (Prior to the performance, please turn off your cell phones). Notice how this creates a more authoritative and organized tone than using '~전에.' You should also be comfortable using it with the '-기에' form for verbs, which adds a slight reason-based nuance to the temporal sequence.
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At the B2 level, you should master the rhetorical use of '~에 앞서.' It is not just about time; it is about structuring your argument or presentation. It is frequently used in news reporting to provide background information: '이번 사건에 앞서 유사한 일이 있었습니다' (Prior to this incident, there was a similar occurrence). It allows you to create complex sentences that flow smoothly in a formal register. You will also encounter it in legal or official contexts, such as '계약 체결에 앞서' (prior to signing the contract). At this level, you should be able to use it spontaneously in formal discussions to manage transitions. It is also worth noting that it can be used with '는' for emphasis (~에 앞서서는) to highlight a specific period of preparation or a preceding condition that was particularly significant.
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For C1 learners, '~에 앞서' is an essential tool for academic and professional writing. It is used to establish the chronological and logical framework of a study or a project. In academic papers, you might see '본 연구에 앞서 선행 연구를 검토하였다' (Prior to this study, previous research was reviewed). This expression helps maintain a consistent formal tone throughout a text. It is also used in high-level diplomatic or political discourse to signal intentions or preparatory steps. You should understand the subtle difference between this and other formal expressions like '~에 선행하여' (preceding/prior to). ~에 앞서 is slightly more common in speech, while ~에 선행하여 is almost exclusively used in very technical or academic writing. Mastering the placement of this phrase within long, complex sentences is key to achieving a native-like professional style.
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At the C2 level, you should have a complete grasp of the historical and stylistic nuances of '~에 앞서.' It is a versatile phrase that can be used in literature, high-level journalism, and official state documents. It often appears in commemorative speeches or historical analyses to link the past with the present or to detail the steps leading up to a major historical turning point. You can use it to create a sense of gravitas and importance. For example, '거사에 앞서 그는 마지막 편지를 남겼다' (Prior to the great undertaking, he left a final letter). At this level, you are expected to use it with perfect precision, understanding exactly when the formality of ~에 앞서 is required versus when it might be perceived as overly theatrical. You can also explore its use in poetry or prose where the spatial '앞' (front) is used metaphorically to describe a spiritual or emotional state before a change.
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Beispiele Notizen & Tipps

~에 앞서 in 30 Sekunden

  • A formal way to say 'before' or 'prior to' in Korean.
  • Used with Nouns or Verb-기 to show sequential priority.
  • Common in news, speeches, business, and official documents.
  • Suggests preparation or a preliminary step before a main event.
The Korean expression ~에 앞서 is a sophisticated and formal way to indicate that one action or event occurs before another. While beginner students often learn the simpler ~전에 to express the concept of 'before,' ~에 앞서 provides a more nuanced, professional, and sequence-oriented tone. It is composed of the particle 에, which marks a point in time or a target, and 앞서, which is the adverbial form of the verb 앞서다, meaning 'to go ahead' or 'to precede.' When you use this expression, you are literally saying that something is standing 'in the front' of another event in the timeline of occurrences. This expression is ubiquitous in formal settings such as news broadcasts, business presentations, official ceremonies, and written academic papers. It suggests a sense of preparation or a necessary preliminary step that must be addressed before the main event can commence. For example, a news anchor might say, 'Before we get to the main headlines,' using ~에 앞서 to signal a professional transition. It is not just about time; it is about the logical order of operations. In daily life, you might use it when you want to sound more polite or when you are organizing a formal gathering. It carries a weight of intentionality that simpler words lack.
Grammatical Category
Postpositional phrase / Adverbial phrase
Register
Formal, Written, and Official Speech
Understanding this word is crucial for moving from intermediate to advanced Korean proficiency because it allows you to structure complex sentences that reflect professional etiquette.

회의를 시작하기에 앞서 오늘 오신 귀빈들을 소개해 드리겠습니다.

In this example, the speaker uses the phrase to show respect and order, indicating that the introduction of guests is a prioritized preliminary to the meeting itself. When you hear this in a drama, it is often a CEO speaking to their board or a narrator setting the stage for a historical event. The spatial metaphor of 'front' (앞) being used for 'time' is a common feature in many languages, but in Korean, it is particularly refined through this specific construction. It creates a bridge between the noun it follows and the action that follows it, establishing a clear chronological hierarchy. If you are preparing for the TOPIK exam, mastering this will significantly improve your writing score in the formal essay section.

본론으로 들어가기에 앞서 배경 지식을 설명하겠습니다.

Here, the speaker is setting expectations, a very common use case in educational environments.
Frequency
High in news and formal documents; moderate in daily polite conversation.
By using ~에 앞서, you signal to your listener that you are organized and that your speech has been carefully planned. It is the hallmark of a refined speaker who respects the listener's time and the importance of the proceedings.
Using ~에 앞서 correctly requires an understanding of Korean noun and verb nominalization. The most common structure is [Noun] + 에 앞서. For example, 식사에 앞서 (Prior to the meal). If you want to use a verb, you must first convert that verb into a noun form using the suffix -기. This results in the structure [Verb Stem] + -기에 앞서. For instance, 공부하기에 앞서 (Prior to studying). Unlike the more casual ~전에, which can be used in almost any context, ~에 앞서 carries a nuance of 'preceding a major or official event.' It is often followed by a clause that describes a preparatory action.
Structure 1: Noun + 에 앞서
Used when the preceding element is already a noun. Example: 개막식에 앞서 (Prior to the opening ceremony).
Structure 2: Verb Stem + -기에 앞서
Used to indicate an action that precedes another. Example: 출발하기에 앞서 (Prior to departing).
One important stylistic note is that ~에 앞서 is often followed by ~어/아 두다 or ~어/아 놓다 to emphasize that a preparation has been completed.

계약을 체결하기에 앞서 서류를 꼼꼼히 검토했습니다.

In this sentence, the check (검토) is the necessary step before the signing (체결). The use of ~에 앞서 elevates the tone of the sentence, making it suitable for a business report. Furthermore, you can add the particle '는' for emphasis: ~에 앞서서는. This is often used when contrasting two different periods or emphasizing that a particular step was exceptionally important. In academic writing, researchers use this to explain their methodology or the sequence of their experiments. For example, '실험에 앞서 가설을 설정했다' (Prior to the experiment, a hypothesis was established). The versatility of this expression lies in its ability to handle both concrete nouns (like 'meal') and abstract concepts (like 'decision').

발표에 앞서 마이크 상태를 확인해 주세요.

This is a very natural command in a professional setting. Note that the subject of both clauses (the one before ~에 앞서 and the main clause) is usually the same, but they don't have to be, especially in news reporting where events are being described objectively.
Common Verb Pairings
시작하다 (to start), 실시하다 (to implement), 발표하다 (to announce), 논의하다 (to discuss).
By mastering these structures, you can navigate formal Korean environments with confidence. It allows you to move beyond simple 'A then B' logic and instead present 'A as a prerequisite for B,' which is a much more powerful rhetorical tool.

여행에 앞서 환전을 미리 해 두는 것이 좋습니다.

This sentence demonstrates the practical application of the phrase in giving advice.
If you turn on a Korean news channel like KBS, MBC, or SBS, you will hear ~에 앞서 within the first five minutes. News anchors use it to link related stories or to provide background before diving into the details of a breaking news event. For example, they might say, 'Before we look at today's weather, let's look at the headlines.' This creates a professional flow that keeps the audience engaged. In documentary narration, this expression is used to set the historical context. A narrator might say, 'Prior to the industrial revolution, life in this village was very different.' This usage helps to establish a clear temporal boundary.

뉴스 보도에 앞서 긴급 속보를 전해드립니다.

Another common place is at large-scale public events like concerts or award ceremonies. The host will often use ~에 앞서 to introduce a sponsorship video or to explain the rules of the event before the main performance begins. In the corporate world, it appears in emails and meeting agendas. An agenda might read, 'Discussion on the new project (Prior to this, review of the last project's results).' In K-Dramas, you will hear this word when characters are in professional settings—lawyers in a courtroom, doctors in a briefing, or executives in a boardroom. It contrasts sharply with the casual language used at home. For instance, a lawyer might say, 'Before presenting evidence, I would like to make a statement.'
Public Speaking
Essential for transitions in speeches and presentations.
Media
Standard for news reporting and documentary narration.
Even in educational settings, professors use it when outlining a lecture. 'Before we discuss the main theory, let's look at some examples.' This helps students follow the logical progression of the lesson.

수업에 앞서 지난 시간에 배운 내용을 복습하겠습니다.

This is a classic classroom phrase. Finally, in high-end customer service, such as at a luxury hotel or a fine dining restaurant, staff may use this phrase to explain the sequence of service. 'Prior to serving the main course, we will provide an appetizer.' This level of linguistic precision contributes to the overall feeling of premium service. By paying attention to where this word appears, you will start to notice the formal structure of Korean society and how language is used to maintain order and respect in public spaces.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is using ~에 앞서 in casual, daily conversations where it sounds overly stiff or even awkward. For example, saying '친구를 만나기에 앞서 세수를 했어요' (Prior to meeting my friend, I washed my face) sounds like you are making an official announcement about your hygiene routine. In this case, '친구를 만나기 전에' is much more natural. Another common error is confusing ~에 앞서 with ~앞에서. While both contain the word '앞' (front), ~앞에서 refers to a physical location (in front of), while ~에 앞서 refers to a temporal or sequential priority (before/prior to). For instance, '은행 앞에서 기다려요' means 'Wait in front of the bank,' but '은행 업무에 앞서 서류를 준비하세요' means 'Prior to bank business, prepare the documents.' Confusing these two can lead to significant misunderstandings about whether you are talking about where someone is or when something is happening.
Mistake 1: Over-formality
Using it for minor daily tasks like eating breakfast or brushing teeth.
Mistake 2: Physical vs. Temporal
Confusing location (~앞에서) with sequence (~에 앞서).
A third mistake involves the incorrect nominalization of verbs. Learners sometimes forget the -기 suffix and try to attach 에 앞서 directly to the verb stem, such as '가에 앞서' instead of '가기에 앞서'. This is grammatically incorrect and will be confusing to native speakers.

틀린 예: 학교 앞서 기다려요. (X) -> 의미가 통하지 않음.

In the above example, the speaker likely meant 'Wait in front of the school,' which should be '학교 앞에서.' Another nuance that is often missed is the difference between ~에 앞서 and ~보다 먼저. ~보다 먼저 emphasizes being faster or earlier than someone else in a competitive sense, whereas ~에 앞서 focuses on the sequence of events. For example, '내가 너보다 먼저 왔어' (I came earlier than you) is competitive, while '회의에 앞서 자료를 읽었다' (Prior to the meeting, I read the materials) is sequential.

맞는 예: 영화 시작에 앞서 광고가 나옵니다.

This correctly describes the sequence of a cinema experience. Lastly, avoid using it with past tense in the preceding clause. You cannot say '갔기에 앞서'; it must always be the base noun or the -기 form of the verb, as the 'priority' is relative to the event, not the time of speaking. By avoiding these common pitfalls, your Korean will sound much more natural and precise.
To truly master ~에 앞서, you must understand how it relates to other Korean words that express the concept of 'before.' The most common alternative is ~전에. This is the 'all-purpose' word for 'before.' It can be used in any level of formality and with any type of activity. However, ~전에 is purely temporal, whereas ~에 앞서 often implies a logical connection or a preparatory step.
~전에
General, casual to formal, focuses only on time. Example: 밥 먹기 전에 손을 씻어요 (Wash hands before eating).
~에 앞서
Formal, professional, focuses on sequence and preparation. Example: 개막식에 앞서 축사가 있겠습니다 (Prior to the opening, there will be a congratulatory speech).
Another similar expression is ~이전에. This is also formal but is typically used to refer to a much broader period in the past, rather than a specific sequence of two immediate actions. For example, '20세기 이전에는' (Before the 20th century). It is more about 'previous to a certain point in history.'

이 이전에 일어난 일들은 중요하지 않습니다.

Here, ~이전에 refers to everything that happened before now. Then there is 먼저, which is an adverb meaning 'first' or 'ahead.' It is often used alongside ~에 앞서 to emphasize priority. For example, '회의에 앞서 먼저 자료를 확인합시다' (Prior to the meeting, let's first check the materials). In very formal or archaic contexts, you might see ~기에 앞서 replaced by ~기에 임하여 (upon/at the time of), though the meaning shifts slightly toward 'at the moment of.' For modern learners, focusing on the distinction between ~전에 and ~에 앞서 is the most productive approach.

기존 계획에 앞서 새로운 안건을 논의하겠습니다.

This sentence shows how ~에 앞서 can be used to reorder priorities.
미리 (In advance)
An adverb often used in the second clause of an ~에 앞서 sentence. Example: 공연에 앞서 미리 자리에 앉아 주세요.
By understanding these alternatives, you can choose the right word for the right situation, ensuring your Korean is not only correct but also stylistically appropriate for the context. Using ~에 앞서 when a formal tone is required will make you sound like a highly educated and fluent speaker.

Wusstest du?

In many languages, 'front' is associated with the 'future' (looking ahead), but in Korean (and many others), being 'in the front' of a sequence means you are the 'first' or 'earlier' one.

Aussprachehilfe

UK e ap-seo
US e ap-sʌ
The stress is balanced, but the 'seo' (서) often carries a slightly higher pitch in formal speech.
Reimt sich auf
앞서 (Ap-seo) 벌써 (Beol-sseo - already) 애써 (Ae-sseo - with effort) 맞서 (Mat-seo - to face/oppose) 들썩 (Deul-sseok - moving up and down) 어색 (Eo-saek - awkward - partial rhyme) 정석 (Jeong-seok - standard) 분석 (Bun-seok - analysis)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'ap' with a strong 'p' burst like in 'apple'. In Korean, it is a stopped sound.
  • Pronouncing 'seo' like the English 'so'. It should be more like 'suh' or 'eo'.
  • Merging 'e' and 'ap' into one sound. They should be distinct syllables.
  • Forgetting the double 'ss' (ㅆ) sound in 'seo' if reading the verb form '앞서다' separately.
  • Misplacing the stress on the particle 'e' instead of the root 'ap'.
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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

수업에 앞서 책을 펴세요.

Prior to class, please open your books.

Noun + 에 앞서

2

식사에 앞서 물을 마셔요.

Prior to the meal, I drink water.

Noun + 에 앞서

3

영화에 앞서 광고가 나와요.

Prior to the movie, advertisements come out.

Noun + 에 앞서

4

운동에 앞서 준비 운동을 해요.

Prior to exercise, I do warm-up exercises.

Noun + 에 앞서

5

여행에 앞서 가방을 싸요.

Prior to the trip, I pack my bag.

Noun + 에 앞서

6

시험에 앞서 공부를 해요.

Prior to the exam, I study.

Noun + 에 앞서

7

잠에 앞서 일기를 써요.

Prior to sleep, I write a diary.

Noun + 에 앞서

8

회의에 앞서 커피를 마셔요.

Prior to the meeting, I drink coffee.

Noun + 에 앞서

1

출발하기에 앞서 지도를 확인하세요.

Prior to departing, please check the map.

Verb-기에 앞서

2

요리하기에 앞서 재료를 준비해요.

Prior to cooking, I prepare the ingredients.

Verb-기에 앞서

3

발표하기에 앞서 마이크를 확인해요.

Prior to presenting, I check the microphone.

Verb-기에 앞서

4

결정하기에 앞서 부모님과 상담하세요.

Prior to deciding, please consult with your parents.

Verb-기에 앞서

5

청소하기에 앞서 창문을 열어요.

Prior to cleaning, I open the windows.

Verb-기에 앞서

6

예약하기에 앞서 가격을 비교해 보세요.

Prior to booking, try comparing the prices.

Verb-기에 앞서

7

구매하기에 앞서 리뷰를 읽어 보세요.

Prior to purchasing, try reading the reviews.

Verb-기에 앞서

8

수영하기에 앞서 준비 운동을 하십시오.

Prior to swimming, please do warm-up exercises.

Verb-기에 앞서

1

본격적인 토론에 앞서 규칙을 설명하겠습니다.

Prior to the main discussion, I will explain the rules.

Formal Noun + 에 앞서

2

계약 체결에 앞서 조건을 다시 확인합시다.

Prior to signing the contract, let's re-check the conditions.

Business Noun + 에 앞서

3

행사 시작에 앞서 귀빈 여러분을 모시겠습니다.

Prior to the start of the event, we will welcome the honored guests.

Ceremonial Noun + 에 앞서

4

새로운 프로젝트를 시작하기에 앞서 팀원들과 회의를 했습니다.

Prior to starting the new project, we had a meeting with team members.

Verb-기에 앞서

5

공연에 앞서 휴대폰을 진동으로 바꿔 주세요.

Prior to the performance, please change your phone to vibrate.

Public Announcement context

6

수술에 앞서 동의서를 작성해야 합니다.

Prior to the surgery, you must fill out a consent form.

Medical context

7

입국하기에 앞서 비자를 발급받아야 합니다.

Prior to entering the country, you must be issued a visa.

Official Requirement context

8

대회에 앞서 선수들이 선서를 했습니다.

Prior to the competition, the athletes took an oath.

Sports context

1

신제품 출시에 앞서 대대적인 광고 캠페인을 진행했습니다.

Prior to the new product launch, an extensive advertising campaign was conducted.

Marketing context

2

법안 처리에 앞서 의원들 간의 치열한 공방이 있었습니다.

Prior to the processing of the bill, there was a fierce debate among the lawmakers.

Political context

3

전쟁에 앞서 외교적인 해결책을 모색해야 합니다.

Prior to war, diplomatic solutions must be sought.

Diplomatic context

4

대규모 공사에 앞서 환경 영향 평가를 실시했습니다.

Prior to the large-scale construction, an environmental impact assessment was conducted.

Scientific/Legal context

5

영화 개봉에 앞서 시사회를 열었습니다.

Prior to the movie release, a preview screening was held.

Media context

6

자금 지원에 앞서 엄격한 심사 과정이 필요합니다.

Prior to funding, a strict screening process is necessary.

Financial context

7

정상 회담에 앞서 실무진 회담이 먼저 열렸습니다.

Prior to the summit, a working-level meeting was held first.

Diplomatic sequence

8

졸업에 앞서 인턴십 프로그램을 이수해야 합니다.

Prior to graduation, you must complete an internship program.

Academic requirement

1

본 논문의 결론을 도출하기에 앞서 이론적 배경을 고찰하겠습니다.

Prior to deriving the conclusion of this thesis, I will examine the theoretical background.

Academic Writing

2

제도 시행에 앞서 공청회를 통해 각계각층의 의견을 수렴했습니다.

Prior to implementing the system, opinions from all walks of life were collected through a public hearing.

Public Policy context

3

사건의 진상을 규명하기에 앞서 증거 보존이 우선입니다.

Prior to clarifying the truth of the case, preserving evidence is the priority.

Legal/Investigative context

4

역사적 전환점에 앞서 사회 내부의 모순이 극에 달했습니다.

Prior to the historical turning point, internal social contradictions reached their peak.

Historical/Sociological context

5

국가 간 협약 체결에 앞서 이익 관계를 면밀히 분석했습니다.

Prior to signing the agreement between nations, interest relationships were closely analyzed.

International Relations context

6

새로운 패러다임의 등장에 앞서 기존 가치관에 대한 회의가 나타났습니다.

Prior to the emergence of a new paradigm, skepticism toward existing values appeared.

Philosophical context

7

기술 상용화에 앞서 안전성 검증 작업이 필수적으로 선행되어야 합니다.

Prior to technological commercialization, safety verification work must necessarily precede.

Technological/Industrial context

8

대통령 취임에 앞서 인수 위원회가 구성되었습니다.

Prior to the president's inauguration, a transition committee was formed.

Governmental context

1

문명의 붕괴에 앞서 기근과 역병이 창궐했다는 기록이 있다.

There are records that famine and plague were rampant prior to the collapse of civilization.

Academic/Historical context

2

그는 서거에 앞서 민족의 앞날을 걱정하는 유언을 남겼다.

Prior to his passing, he left a will worrying about the future of the nation.

Honorific/Formal context

3

거국적인 항쟁에 앞서 민중의 자각이 무엇보다 중요했다.

Prior to the nationwide resistance, the awakening of the people was more important than anything.

Literary/Political context

4

우주의 탄생에 앞서 무엇이 존재했는지는 여전히 수수께끼다.

What existed prior to the birth of the universe remains a mystery.

Scientific/Philosophical context

5

신작 소설의 집필에 앞서 작가는 수년간의 현지 조사를 마쳤다.

Prior to writing the new novel, the author completed years of field research.

Literary context

6

화해와 상생의 길로 나아가기에 앞서 과거사에 대한 진솔한 사과가 필요하다.

Prior to moving toward a path of reconciliation and coexistence, a sincere apology for history is needed.

Ethical/Political context

7

혁명의 불길이 타오르기에 앞서 지식인들 사이에서 계몽 운동이 전개되었다.

Prior to the flames of revolution burning, an enlightenment movement unfolded among intellectuals.

Historical sequence

8

예술적 성취에 앞서 인간으로서의 도리를 다하는 것이 그의 철학이었다.

Prior to artistic achievement, fulfilling one's duty as a human being was his philosophy.

Philosophical/Ethical context

Häufige Kollokationen

회의에 앞서
본론에 앞서
출발하기에 앞서
개막식에 앞서
결정에 앞서
식사에 앞서
보도에 앞서
시험에 앞서
체결에 앞서
시행에 앞서

Häufige Phrasen

이에 앞서

— Prior to this; beforehand in a sequence of news stories.

이에 앞서 정부는 새로운 대책을 발표했습니다.

무엇보다 앞서

— Before anything else; as a top priority.

무엇보다 앞서 안전이 제일입니다.

남보다 앞서

— Ahead of others; faster than others.

남보다 앞서 트렌드를 파악해야 합니다.

시대에 앞서

— Ahead of one's time.

그의 생각은 시대에 앞서 있었다.

시작하기에 앞서

— Before starting (something).

시작하기에 앞서 질문 있습니까?

들어가기에 앞서

— Before entering or before getting into a topic.

본론에 들어가기에 앞서 질문을 받겠습니다.

죽음에 앞서

— Prior to death (often in literature).

죽음에 앞서 그는 진실을 밝혔다.

성공에 앞서

— Prior to success (referring to the struggle).

성공에 앞서 많은 실패가 있었다.

발표에 앞서

— Prior to the announcement or presentation.

발표에 앞서 긴장을 풀기 위해 심호흡을 했다.

결론에 앞서

— Prior to the conclusion.

결론에 앞서 한 가지만 더 짚어보겠습니다.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"생각이 앞서다"

— To have thoughts go ahead of action (often overthinking).

행동보다 생각이 앞서서 아무것도 못 했다.

Neutral
"말이 앞서다"

— To talk big without action; words go before deeds.

그는 항상 실천보다 말이 앞선다.

Informal/Criticism
"욕심이 앞서다"

— To be blinded by greed; greed goes before reason.

욕심이 앞서면 일을 그르치기 쉽다.

Neutral
"감정이 앞서다"

— To let emotions take over before thinking logically.

싸울 때는 감정이 앞서기 마련이다.

Neutral
"의욕이 앞서다"

— To be overly enthusiastic to the point of making mistakes.

의욕이 앞서서 실수를 연발했다.

Neutral
"걱정이 앞서다"

— To worry before even starting something.

새로운 일을 시작하려니 걱정이 앞선다.

Neutral
"발걸음이 앞서다"

— To walk fast out of excitement or hurry.

고향에 가려니 마음보다 발걸음이 앞섰다.

Literary
"눈물이 앞서다"

— To cry before being able to speak.

너무 슬퍼서 말이 나오기 전에 눈물이 앞섰다.

Literary
"계산이 앞서다"

— To be calculating or look for profit before anything else.

그는 친구 사이에도 계산이 앞서는 사람이다.

Neutral
"자존심이 앞서다"

— To let pride get in the way of an apology or progress.

자존심이 앞서서 사과를 못 했다.

Neutral

Wortfamilie

Substantive

앞 (front)
이전 (previous)
선행 (precedence)

Verben

앞서다 (to precede/go ahead)
앞지르다 (to overtake)
앞서가다 (to go forward)

Adjektive

앞선 (preceding/advanced)

Verwandt

먼저
전에
미리
우선
일찍
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Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Ap' (앞) as the 'Appetizer' that comes 'Before' (앞서) the main course.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a line of people. The person at the very 'front' (앞) is the one who goes 'first' (앞서).

Word Web

Time Sequence Formal Front Preparation Before Priority Professional

Herausforderung

Try to use '~에 앞서' in three different formal scenarios today: a meeting, a class, and a news report summary.

Wortherkunft

Composed of the spatial noun '앞' (front), the directional/temporal particle '에', and the adverbial form of the verb '앞서다'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To stand or move in front of something spatially, which evolved into a temporal meaning of 'happening before'.

Koreanic (Native Korean words).

Kultureller Kontext

In English, we might just say 'Before we start,' but in Korean, '시작하기에 앞서' adds a layer of professionalism similar to 'Prior to the commencement'.

News anchors on KBS 9 O'Clock News use this phrase daily. Opening speeches at the Busan International Film Festival (BIFF). Historical K-Dramas like 'Tree with Deep Roots' when officials address the King.
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