resumo
resumo in 30 Sekunden
- Resumo means summary or abstract in Portuguese.
- It is a masculine noun: 'o resumo' or 'um resumo'.
- Commonly used with the verb 'fazer' (to make/do).
- False friend alert: It does NOT mean 'résumé' (CV).
The Portuguese word resumo is a masculine noun that primarily translates to 'summary' or 'abstract' in English. It refers to a shortened version of a text, speech, or event that captures only the most essential points. For English speakers, the most critical thing to understand is that resumo is a false friend; it does not mean 'résumé' (the document you use to apply for a job), which is called a currículo in Portuguese.
- Academic Context
- In universities across Brazil and Portugal, a resumo is a mandatory component of any thesis or scientific paper, typically appearing at the beginning to give the reader a quick overview of the research findings.
- Business Context
- During meetings, a manager might ask for a resumo da situação (summary of the situation) to quickly get up to speed on a project's progress without going through every minute detail.
- Daily Life
- If you missed a movie or a soccer match, you might ask a friend for a resumo of what happened. It implies a quick, concise retelling of the highlights.
O professor pediu um resumo de duas páginas sobre o livro que lemos na semana passada.
The word is derived from the verb resumir (to summarize). While resumo is the noun, you will often find it in the idiomatic expression em resumo, which acts like the English phrase 'in short' or 'to sum up'. This is an incredibly versatile transition phrase used in both formal writing and casual conversation to signal that the speaker is concluding their thoughts.
Não tenho tempo para ler o relatório inteiro; pode me enviar apenas o resumo?
Culturally, the concept of a resumo is tied to the Portuguese value of 'objetividade' (objectivity) in professional settings. While Portuguese speakers can be quite descriptive and flowery in their speech, a requested resumo is a clear signal to cut the fluff and get to the point. In journalism, the resumo da notícia provides the lead of the story, ensuring readers get the 'who, what, where, and when' immediately.
Em resumo, a nossa empresa teve um crescimento de dez por cento este ano.
Você pode fazer um pequeno resumo do que foi discutido na reunião de ontem?
- Synonym: Síntese
- While resumo is common, síntese is a more elevated synonym often used in academic writing to imply a combination of ideas rather than just a shortening of one text.
O telejornal apresentou um resumo das principais notícias do dia.
Using resumo correctly involves understanding its grammatical placement and the common verbs that accompany it. As a masculine noun, it always takes the masculine article o (the) or um (a/an). The plural form is resumos.
- The Verb 'Fazer'
- The most common verb paired with resumo is fazer (to do/make). You 'make a summary' in Portuguese just as you would in English. Example: 'Eu vou fazer um resumo'.
- The Verb 'Ler'
- When consuming information, you lê um resumo (read a summary). Example: 'Li o resumo e entendi tudo'.
- The Preposition 'De'
- To specify what the summary is about, use de. Example: 'Resumo do capítulo' (Summary of the chapter).
Eles publicaram um resumo semanal dos eventos esportivos.
Structurally, resumo often appears at the beginning of sentences to set the stage or at the end to clarify a previous point. For instance, 'Em resumo, precisamos de mais dinheiro' (In summary, we need more money). This usage of 'em resumo' is a fixed phrase that does not change based on gender or number.
O resumo da ópera é que ninguém quer assumir a responsabilidade.
In academic writing, you will see resumo followed by palavras-chave (keywords). This is a standard format for scientific journals. In this context, the summary must be concise, usually limited to 250 words. In digital contexts, like YouTube or blogs, you might see 'Resumo para quem não quer ler tudo' (Summary for those who don't want to read everything).
Faça um resumo das suas principais competências profissionais.
- Formal vs Informal
- Formal: 'Solicito o envio do resumo técnico.' Informal: 'Me dá um resumo do que rolou na festa?'
In the Portuguese-speaking world, resumo is ubiquitous. You will hear it in the classroom, the boardroom, the newsroom, and even at the dinner table. Its frequency is high because Portuguese culture values storytelling, and a resumo is the functional way to manage those stories in a fast-paced modern world.
- The News (O Jornal)
- News anchors often start a segment by saying, 'Aqui está um resumo das notícias da manhã' (Here is a summary of the morning news). It prepares the audience for a rapid-fire list of headlines.
- The Classroom (A Sala de Aula)
- Students are constantly told, 'Estudem pelos resumos que eu passei no quadro' (Study by the summaries I put on the board). In Brazil, 'apostilas' (study guides) are essentially giant collections of resumos.
No resumo do livro, o autor explica suas motivações principais.
In the workplace, particularly in cities like São Paulo or Lisbon, the word is used to save time. 'Dê-me o resumo' is a common command from a busy executive. It signals a desire for efficiency. In the legal world, a resumo do processo is a vital document that outlines the history of a court case.
O podcast de hoje traz um resumo semanal da política nacional.
Pop culture also uses this word. When watching 'novelas' (soap operas), there is always a resumo do capítulo anterior (summary of the previous chapter) at the beginning of each episode. This is a crucial part of the viewing experience for millions of people, helping them stay connected to the long, complex storylines typical of the genre.
Li um resumo da ópera antes de ir ao teatro para entender a história.
- Sports Journalism
- After a football match, the 'resumo da rodada' (summary of the round) is the most-watched segment on Sunday nights, showing all the goals and controversial plays.
The most significant pitfall for English speakers learning Portuguese is the 'false friend' trap. Because resumo looks and sounds like 'résumé', students often use it incorrectly when talking about their professional background.
- Mistake 1: Resumo vs. Currículo
- If you tell a Brazilian recruiter, 'Vou te enviar meu resumo', they will expect a one-paragraph summary of a document, not your work history. You must say currículo (or CV) for job applications.
- Mistake 2: Gender Confusion
- Some learners mistake resumo for a feminine noun because many abstract concepts are feminine. It is definitely masculine: o resumo, never a resumo.
Errado: Eu fiz uma resumo.
Correto: Eu fiz um resumo.
Another mistake is using resumo when sinopse is more appropriate. While they are similar, a sinopse is specifically for the plot of a book or movie intended to entice the reader, whereas a resumo is a factual condensed version. Using resumo for a movie plot isn't strictly 'wrong', but sinopse sounds more natural in a cinematic context.
Não confunda: O resumo do livro (factual) com a sinopse do filme (marketing).
Lastly, learners sometimes forget the preposition em in the phrase 'em resumo'. They might try to say 'no resumo' (in the summary) when they mean 'to sum up'. 'No resumo' refers to the physical or digital location of the text, while 'em resumo' is the rhetorical transition.
- Preposition Pitfall
- 'No resumo, ele diz...' (In the summary, he says...) vs. 'Em resumo, ele é culpado.' (In summary, he is guilty.)
While resumo is the 'go-to' word for summarizing, Portuguese offers a rich palette of alternatives that can make your speech more precise and sophisticated. Choosing the right one depends on the level of detail and the specific context.
- Síntese
- Often used in academic or intellectual circles. A síntese implies a more active process of combining different elements into a new, concise whole. It is more sophisticated than a simple resumo.
- Sinopse
- Specifically used for artistic works like books, movies, or plays. It usually focuses on the premise or plot without giving away the ending.
- Sumário
- In European Portuguese, sumário is often used for a table of contents or a brief outline of a lesson. In legal contexts, it refers to a summary proceeding.
- Compêndio
- A more archaic or formal word referring to a concise compilation of a body of knowledge (e.g., a compendium of laws).
Esta síntese acadêmica aborda os principais pontos da teoria da evolução.
In casual slang, especially in Brazil, you might hear people use the word apanhado to mean a general overview. For example, 'Fiz um apanhado geral das ideias'. This sounds less formal than resumo and implies a quick gathering of points. Another informal option is pincelada (a brushstroke), as in 'Vou dar apenas uma pincelada no assunto', meaning you will touch on it briefly.
A sinopse do filme no Netflix parece muito interessante.
- Abstract (Scientific)
- In English scientific papers, we use 'Abstract'. In Portuguese, we use Resumo. If the abstract is in English within a Portuguese paper, it is titled Abstract.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The word originally implied gathering things that were scattered. Today, it means gathering ideas that were scattered throughout a text.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing the initial 'r' like an English 'r' instead of a 'h' sound.
- Pronouncing the 's' as 's' instead of 'z'.
- Pronouncing the final 'o' as a strong 'oh' instead of a soft 'u'.
- Confusing the stress and putting it on the first syllable.
- Making the 'e' too closed.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
Easy to recognize due to its similarity to 'resume' and 'summary'.
Requires remembering the masculine gender and 'z' sound spelling.
Initial 'r' sound can be tricky for beginners.
Very distinct sound, usually easy to pick out.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Masculine nouns ending in -o usually take the article 'o'.
O resumo.
The preposition 'de' contracts with the article 'o' to form 'do'.
Resumo do livro.
Verbs in the first person singular present often end in -o.
Eu resumo (I summarize).
Adjectives must agree in gender with the noun they modify.
Resumo curto.
The plural of nouns ending in -o is formed by adding -s.
Os resumos.
Beispiele nach Niveau
O resumo é curto.
The summary is short.
Simple subject + verb + adjective.
Eu li o resumo.
I read the summary.
Past tense of 'ler' (to read).
Um resumo do livro.
A summary of the book.
Use of 'do' (de + o).
Onde está o resumo?
Where is the summary?
Interrogative sentence.
Ela faz um resumo.
She makes a summary.
Present tense of 'fazer'.
Gosto deste resumo.
I like this summary.
Verb 'gostar' requires 'de'.
O resumo é para amanhã.
The summary is for tomorrow.
Preposition 'para' indicating deadline.
Não tenho o resumo.
I don't have the summary.
Negative sentence with 'ter'.
Em resumo, tudo acabou bem.
In summary, everything ended well.
Fixed phrase 'em resumo'.
Você pode fazer um resumo?
Can you make a summary?
Modal verb 'poder' + infinitive.
O resumo tem duas páginas.
The summary has two pages.
Noun + verb 'ter' + quantity.
Eu entendi o resumo da aula.
I understood the summary of the class.
Direct object with 'entender'.
Eles escreveram um resumo ótimo.
They wrote a great summary.
Adjective following the noun.
Preciso de um resumo rápido.
I need a quick summary.
Verb 'precisar' requires 'de'.
O resumo ajuda a estudar.
The summary helps to study.
Verb 'ajudar' + 'a' + infinitive.
Este é o resumo da notícia.
This is the summary of the news.
Demonstrative pronoun 'este'.
O resumo executivo deve ser claro.
The executive summary must be clear.
Compound noun 'resumo executivo'.
Faça um resumo de cada capítulo.
Make a summary of each chapter.
Imperative form of 'fazer'.
O resumo não reflete o texto original.
The summary does not reflect the original text.
Negative present tense.
Li o resumo para economizar tempo.
I read the summary to save time.
Finality clause with 'para'.
O resumo da ópera é que falhamos.
The bottom line is that we failed.
Idiomatic expression.
Envie o resumo por e-mail, por favor.
Send the summary by email, please.
Polite request with 'por favor'.
O autor incluiu um resumo no início.
The author included a summary at the beginning.
Preposition 'no' (em + o).
Estamos aguardando o resumo dos fatos.
We are waiting for the summary of the facts.
Present continuous 'estamos aguardando'.
O resumo deve conter as palavras-chave.
The summary must contain the keywords.
Modal verb 'deve' + infinitive.
Apesar do resumo, o livro é complexo.
Despite the summary, the book is complex.
Concessive phrase 'apesar de'.
Ela apresentou um resumo detalhado da pesquisa.
She presented a detailed summary of the research.
Adjective 'detalhado' matches 'resumo'.
O resumo foi publicado em várias línguas.
The summary was published in several languages.
Passive voice 'foi publicado'.
Em resumo, as negociações foram produtivas.
In summary, the negotiations were productive.
Sentence adverbial 'em resumo'.
Solicitamos um resumo de até 300 palavras.
We request a summary of up to 300 words.
Prepositional phrase 'de até'.
O resumo ajuda na fixação do conteúdo.
The summary helps in retaining the content.
Noun 'fixação' with preposition 'na'.
Não se esqueça de revisar o resumo.
Don't forget to review the summary.
Pronominal verb 'esquecer-se de'.
O resumo negligenciou aspectos cruciais.
The summary neglected crucial aspects.
Advanced verb 'negligenciar'.
A síntese é mais profunda que um simples resumo.
The synthesis is deeper than a simple summary.
Comparative 'mais... que'.
O resumo padece de uma falta de clareza.
The summary suffers from a lack of clarity.
Idiomatic verb 'padecer de'.
Elabore um resumo crítico da obra supracitada.
Prepare a critical summary of the aforementioned work.
Formal adjective 'supracitada'.
O resumo é o cerne da proposta comercial.
The summary is the core of the commercial proposal.
Metaphorical use of 'cerne'.
Apesar de conciso, o resumo é abrangente.
Although concise, the summary is comprehensive.
Concessive 'apesar de' with adjectives.
O resumo deve ser isento de opiniões pessoais.
The summary must be free of personal opinions.
Adjective 'isento de'.
A qualidade do resumo influi na nota final.
The quality of the summary influences the final grade.
Verb 'influir' + 'na'.
O resumo constitui uma peça retórica vital.
The summary constitutes a vital rhetorical piece.
Formal verb 'constituir'.
A brevidade do resumo não obsta a precisão.
The brevity of the summary does not hinder precision.
High-level verb 'obstar'.
O resumo é uma destilação da essência textual.
The summary is a distillation of the textual essence.
Metaphorical noun 'destilação'.
Insta salientar que o resumo é meramente indicativo.
It is urgent to emphasize that the summary is merely indicative.
Formal expression 'insta salientar'.
O resumo reflete a perspicácia do analista.
The summary reflects the analyst's insight.
Abstract noun 'perspicácia'.
O resumo, conquanto breve, é elucidativo.
The summary, although brief, is elucidating.
Conjunction 'conquanto' (literary).
A elaboração do resumo requer rigor metodológico.
The preparation of the summary requires methodological rigor.
Formal noun 'elaboração'.
O resumo encerra a discussão de forma sucinta.
The summary closes the discussion succinctly.
Verb 'encerrar' meaning to close/finish.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
Wird oft verwechselt mit
In English, this is a CV. In Portuguese, this is 'currículo'.
Means 'juice' in Portugal or 'supreme' in Brazil.
Means 'direction' or 'course'.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— Used to describe the final result or the essence of a complex situation.
O resumo da ópera é que o plano falhou.
informal/neutral— Similar to 'em resumo', meaning 'in a few words'.
Em poucas palavras, ele é chato.
neutral— Direct and to the point (sometimes rudely).
Ele foi curto e grosso no resumo.
informal— To explain in detail or simplify (opposite of summarizing but related to clarifying).
Para o resumo, vou trocar em miúdos.
informal— To clarify or rewrite (often used when summarizing notes).
Vou passar o resumo a limpo.
neutral— To clarify everything (often the goal of a summary).
O resumo pôs os pingos nos is.
informal— To cut the unnecessary parts.
Ele cortou o desnecessário no resumo.
neutralLeicht verwechselbar
Because 'résumé' in English is a false friend.
Use 'currículo' for job applications and 'resumo' for shortening texts.
Enviei meu currículo, não o resumo do livro.
Both mean a shortened version.
Sinopse is for artistic plots (marketing); resumo is for factual content.
A sinopse do filme é boa, mas o resumo da crítica é ruim.
Both mean summary.
Síntese is more academic and involves merging multiple ideas.
Fiz uma síntese de vários autores.
Looks like 'summary'.
In Brazil, it usually means 'table of contents'.
Olhe no sumário para achar a página.
Both involve repeating points.
Recapitulação is a step-by-step review; resumo is a condensed version.
A recapitulação da aula foi longa.
Satzmuster
O [noun] é [adjective].
O resumo é bom.
Eu [verb] o [noun].
Eu fiz o resumo.
Em resumo, [clause].
Em resumo, nós vencemos.
O resumo do [noun] é [adjective].
O resumo do projeto é excelente.
[Clause], pautado no resumo de [noun].
A decisão foi tomada, pautada no resumo de custos.
A despeito do resumo, [clause].
A despeito do resumo, a obra permanece obscura.
Um [noun] de [noun].
Um resumo de história.
Preciso de um [noun].
Preciso de um resumo.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
Extremely high in academic and news contexts.
-
Using 'resumo' for a CV.
→
currículo
English 'résumé' is a false friend.
-
Saying 'a resumo'.
→
o resumo
The word is masculine.
-
Saying 'no resumo' instead of 'em resumo' for 'to sum up'.
→
em resumo
'Em resumo' is the fixed idiomatic transition.
-
Spelling it 'rezumo'.
→
resumo
It is spelled with an 's', even though it sounds like a 'z'.
-
Using 'resumo' for a movie plot in a formal review.
→
sinopse
'Sinopse' is the technical term for artistic plots.
Tipps
False Friend
Never use 'resumo' to mean your CV. This is a very common mistake for English speakers.
Gender
Remember 'resumo' is masculine. Practice saying 'o resumo' until it feels natural.
Transition
Use 'em resumo' to help structure your Portuguese essays and speeches.
Study Habits
In Brazil, making 'resumos' is considered the best way to study for big exams like the ENEM.
The 'R'
The 'r' in 'resumo' is like the 'h' in 'house'. Don't use the English 'r'.
Efficiency
In business, 'resumo executivo' is the standard term for a summary at the start of a report.
TV Recaps
Look for 'resumo da semana' on YouTube to practice listening to highlights.
Keywords
In a formal 'resumo', always include 'palavras-chave' at the bottom.
Opera
Use 'resumo da ópera' when you want to wrap up a long story for a friend.
Conciseness
A good 'resumo' should be objective and never include new information not found in the original.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Think of 'RE-ZOOM-O'. You are zooming out (RE-ZOOM) to see the big picture (O).
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a giant book being squeezed into a tiny juice box (sumo in PT also means juice).
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to write a one-sentence 'resumo' of your day every night for a week.
Wortherkunft
From the Latin 'resumere', which means 'to take up again' or 'to gather up'.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To take back or take again.
Romance (Latin root).Kultureller Kontext
No specific sensitivities; the word is neutral and functional.
English speakers often use 'summary' or 'recap'. 'Résumé' is exclusively for work history, which is the biggest point of confusion.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Academic
- Resumo acadêmico
- Palavras-chave
- Resumo expandido
- Corpo do resumo
Business
- Resumo executivo
- Resumo de custos
- Resumo da reunião
- Resumo de vendas
Media
- Resumo da novela
- Resumo do jogo
- Resumo do dia
- Resumo meteorológico
Personal Finance
- Resumo de conta
- Resumo de transações
- Resumo anual
- Resumo de investimentos
Daily Conversation
- Em resumo
- Dê-me um resumo
- Resumo da ópera
- Fiz um resumo
Gesprächseinstiege
"Você pode me dar um resumo do que aconteceu na reunião?"
"Qual é o seu resumo favorito de um livro que você já leu?"
"Você prefere ler o livro inteiro ou apenas um resumo?"
"Em resumo, o que você acha da política atual?"
"Como você faz os seus resumos para estudar?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Escreva um resumo do seu dia em apenas três frases.
Faça um resumo do seu filme favorito e explique por que você gosta dele.
Em resumo, quais são os seus objetivos para este ano?
Descreva a importância de saber fazer um bom resumo no trabalho.
Escreva um resumo de uma conversa interessante que você teve recentemente.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenNo, you should use 'currículo'. 'Resumo' only means a summary of a text or event.
It is masculine. You should always say 'o resumo' or 'um resumo'.
It's an idiom meaning 'the long and short of it' or 'the bottom line' of a situation.
Yes, in academic contexts, the Portuguese word for 'abstract' is 'resumo'.
You say 'em resumo'.
Yes, it is used in all Portuguese-speaking countries with the same meaning.
The verb is 'resumir'.
No, 'sumo' means juice in European Portuguese, but 'resumo' always means summary.
It's not better, just more formal and academic.
Simply add an 's' to make 'resumos'.
Teste dich selbst 180 Fragen
Escreva uma frase usando 'em resumo'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Como você pediria um resumo de um livro ao seu amigo?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Traduza: 'I need an executive summary'.
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Escreva o plural de 'o resumo curto'.
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Descreva o que é um resumo em português.
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Use 'resumo da ópera' em uma frase.
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Traduza: 'The summary is on page five'.
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Crie uma frase com 'resumo' e 'estudar'.
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Qual é a diferença entre resumo e currículo?
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Escreva uma frase formal com 'síntese'.
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Traduza: 'In summary, we are ready'.
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Faça um resumo de uma frase sobre o seu dia.
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Como se diz 'Weekly summary'?
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Traduza: 'The author wrote a great summary'.
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Crie uma pergunta usando a palavra 'resumo'.
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Escreva 'I summarize the news every day'.
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Qual é o sinônimo de 'resumo' para filmes?
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Traduza: 'A detailed summary of the facts'.
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Use 'resumidamente' em uma frase.
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Escreva uma frase sobre o 'resumo da novela'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Diga 'O resumo' em voz alta.
Read this aloud:
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Diga 'Em resumo' em voz alta.
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Pronuncie 'resumo' focando no som de 'z'.
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Diga 'Eu faço um resumo todo dia'.
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Diga 'Resumo da ópera' com entonação de conclusão.
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Diga 'Preciso de um resumo executivo'.
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Diga 'O resumo está excelente'.
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Diga 'Você pode me dar um resumo?'.
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Pronuncie 'síntese' corretamente.
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Diga 'O resumo do livro é curto'.
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Diga 'Li o resumo e entendi tudo'.
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Diga 'Em resumo, estamos prontos'.
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Pronuncie 'resumidamente'.
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Diga 'O resumo das notícias começou'.
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Diga 'Faça um resumo de cada capítulo'.
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Diga 'O resumo omitiu os fatos'.
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Diga 'Não confunda resumo com currículo'.
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Diga 'O resumo tem dez linhas'.
Read this aloud:
Du hast gesagt:
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Diga 'Dê-me o resumo da situação'.
Read this aloud:
Du hast gesagt:
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Diga 'Os resumos ajudam muito'.
Read this aloud:
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Ouça e escreva: 'Eu fiz um resumo'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Em resumo, foi bom'.
Ouça e escreva: 'O resumo da ópera'.
Identifique a palavra: 're-zu-mu'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Resumo executivo'.
Ouça e escreva: 'O resumo do capítulo'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Preciso de um resumo'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Li o resumo ontem'.
Ouça e escreva: 'O resumo está na mesa'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Um resumo detalhado'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Faça o resumo agora'.
Ouça e escreva: 'O resumo semanal'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Resumo das notícias'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Resumo biográfico'.
Ouça e escreva: 'Em resumo, ganhamos'.
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'resumo' is essential for summarizing information in any context, but remember it's a false friend! For your job history, use 'currículo'. Example: 'Em resumo, o resumo é necessário!' (In short, the summary is necessary!)
- Resumo means summary or abstract in Portuguese.
- It is a masculine noun: 'o resumo' or 'um resumo'.
- Commonly used with the verb 'fazer' (to make/do).
- False friend alert: It does NOT mean 'résumé' (CV).
False Friend
Never use 'resumo' to mean your CV. This is a very common mistake for English speakers.
Gender
Remember 'resumo' is masculine. Practice saying 'o resumo' until it feels natural.
Transition
Use 'em resumo' to help structure your Portuguese essays and speeches.
Study Habits
In Brazil, making 'resumos' is considered the best way to study for big exams like the ENEM.
Beispiel
Por favor, faça um resumo do livro.
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a fim
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a saber
A2Nämlich; das heißt.
a título de exemplo
A2Ein formeller Ausdruck, der 'beispielshalber' oder 'als Beispiel' bedeutet. Er wird oft in der Schriftsprache verwendet.
abordagem
A2Eine Herangehensweise ist eine Methode, etwas anzugehen. Es beschreibt, wie man mit einer Sache umgeht. (Die Herangehensweise ist die Art und Weise, wie man ein Problem löst.)
abordar
B1Ein Thema oder eine Person ansprechen.
abreviar
B1To shorten (a word, phrase, or text).
abreviatura
B1A shortened form of a word or phrase.
abstração
B1The quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.
abstracto
B1In Gedanken oder als Idee existierend, aber ohne physische oder konkrete Existenz.