A2 · مقدماتی فصل 23

Motion Verbs Simplified

2 مجموع قواعد
20 مثال‌ها
1 دقیقه
قواعد این فصل تمرین سریع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the logic of Russian movement by distinguishing between one-way trips and repeating journeys.

  • Identify the difference between one-way and round-trip motion verbs.
  • Choose the correct verb based on whether you are walking or driving.
  • Describe your daily commutes and current destinations with precision.
Stop just moving—start moving with purpose and precision.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Understanding unidirectional vs multidirectional motion verbs. Adding prefixes to motion verbs.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Describe a current journey in progress using unidirectional verbs like идти and ехать.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Discuss habits, round trips, and general movement using multidirectional verbs like ходить and ездить.

مثال‌های کلیدی (4)

1

Я иду в кино, хочешь со мной?

I'm going to the cinema (now), want to come?

افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)
2

Мы едем в аэропорт на такси.

We are going to the airport by taxi.

افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)
3

Я часто хожу в этот спортзал.

I often go to this gym.

رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)
4

Мы вчера ездили в центр на такси.

We went to the center by taxi yesterday.

رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)

نکات و ترفندها (2)

🎯

The Uber Rule

If you can track it on a map moving toward a destination, use a unidirectional verb like едет or идет.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)
🎯

The 'Boomerang' Rule

If you go somewhere and come back, always use the multidirectional verb in the past tense. If you say 'Я шёл', you're leaving your listener hanging!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)

واژگان کلیدی (7)

идти to go (on foot, unidirectional) ходить to go (on foot, multidirectional) ехать to go (by vehicle, unidirectional) ездить to go (by vehicle, multidirectional) сейчас now часто often пешком on foot

Real-World Preview

map-pin

Meeting a friend on the street

Review Summary

  • Verb (идти/ехать) + в/на + Accusative
  • Verb (ходить/ездить) + в/на + Accusative

اشتباهات رایج

You used a unidirectional verb for a repeated habit. 'Every day' requires the multidirectional 'ходить'.

Wrong: Я иду в школу каждый день.
صحیح: Я хожу в школу каждый день.

'Ехать' is only for vehicles. If you are 'on foot' (пешком), you must use 'идти' or 'ходить'.

Wrong: Я еду пешком в магазин.
صحیح: Я иду пешком в магазин.

While 'парк' looks the same in Nominative and Accusative, feminine words like 'школа' must change to 'школу'. Always check your cases after motion verbs!

Wrong: Я иду в парк (Nominative: парк).
صحیح: Я иду в парк (Accusative: парк).

Next Steps

You've just tackled one of the most famous challenges in Russian grammar. Keep practicing, and soon these choices will feel like second nature!

Narrate your commute

Write 3 habitual actions vs 3 current actions

Continue to: The Instrumental Case Power

تمرین سریع (6)

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'ходить' or 'идти'.

Я каждый день ___ в университет пешком.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: хожу
We use 'хожу' because 'каждый день' indicates a habit/routine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)

Which sentence is correct for someone currently in a taxi?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я еду в отель.
In a taxi, you use 'ехать'. Since it's happening now, you use the unidirectional form 'еду'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)

Find and fix the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ты часто едешь на работу на машине?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ты часто ездишь на работу на машине?
With 'часто' (often), you must use the multidirectional verb 'ездишь' instead of the unidirectional 'едешь'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)

Find and fix the mistake

Find and fix the mistake:

Завтра мы ходим в музей.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Завтра мы идём в музей.
For a specific planned trip tomorrow, the unidirectional 'идём' is used instead of the habitual 'ходим'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'идти' or 'ехать'.

Сейчас я ___ (on foot) в банк.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: иду
Since you are moving on foot ('иду') and it is happening 'сейчас' (now), the unidirectional verb is required.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: افعال حرکتی روسی: رفتن در یک جهت (идти, ехать)

Which sentence describes a completed round trip in the past?

Select the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Вчера я ходил в магазин.
'Ходил' implies you went to the store and have since returned.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: رفتن و برگشتن: افعال حرکتی چندجهته (ходить, ездить)

Score: /6

سوالات رایج (4)

Russian distinguishes between movement in one direction (идти) and multi-directional/habitual movement (ходить). It adds precision to the context of the trip.
No, a bike is a vehicle. You must use ехать. For example: Я еду на велосипеде.
'Идти' is for a specific trip in one direction right now. 'Ходить' is for habits, round trips, or wandering around.
No, usually 'ходить' in the past implies you have returned. If you are still there, you'd use a different verb like 'пошёл'.
فصل قبلی
The Dative Case Journey
فصل بعدی
The Instrumental Case Power
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