koste 30 सेकंड में
- Koste is a verb meaning to have a financial price or to require effort and sacrifice.
- It is a regular Danish verb conjugated as koster, kostede, har kostet.
- Commonly used in shopping (Hvad koster det?) and figurative speech (Det kostede ham dyrt).
- Can also mean to 'boss around' when paired with 'rundt med'.
The Danish verb koste is a versatile word that primarily translates to "to cost" in English. At its most basic level, it refers to the financial price of an object or service. However, as you progress toward B2 proficiency, you will discover that koste extends far beyond the marketplace. It is used to describe the expenditure of effort, time, and even the emotional or physical toll of an action. Understanding koste requires recognizing its dual role as both a literal indicator of price and a metaphorical indicator of sacrifice.
- Financial Value
- This is the most common usage. It indicates the amount of money required to purchase something. For example, 'Hvad koster denne bog?' (How much does this book cost?). It is a weak verb, following the standard conjugation pattern: koster, kostede, har kostet.
- Consequence and Sacrifice
- In more advanced contexts, koste describes what one must give up to achieve a goal. This could be 'koste dyrt' (to cost dearly/to be expensive in a metaphorical sense) or 'koste kræfter' (to require effort). If a mistake 'koster ham jobbet' (costs him his job), the verb denotes a loss resulting from an action.
- The 'Bossing Around' Nuance
- A unique Danish idiomatic use is 'at koste rundt med nogen,' which means to order someone around or boss them about. This originates from the noun 'kost' (broom), implying you are sweeping them around like dust.
Det kommer til at koste mange penge at renovere huset, men det vil også koste meget tid.
When discussing the 'cost' of social or political decisions, koste is the go-to verb. For instance, a political scandal might 'koste ministeren hendes post' (cost the minister her position). This transition from the physical wallet to the metaphorical life-path is a hallmark of B2 level Danish. You aren't just buying milk anymore; you are weighing the costs of existence and ambition.
Fejlen endte med at koste virksomheden dens gode ry.
In summary, koste is a bridge between the material and the abstract. Whether you are at a 'loppemarked' (flea market) or discussing 'klimaforandringer' (climate change), this verb provides the framework for discussing value, price, and consequence.
Using koste correctly involves mastering its syntax in various contexts. In its simplest form, it takes a subject (the item) and a complement (the price). However, Danish grammar allows for more complex structures involving indirect objects when the 'cost' is incurred by someone.
- Direct Price Inquiries
- When asking for a price, use 'Hvad koster [genstand]?' or 'Hvor meget koster [genstand]?'. Both are equally valid, though 'Hvad koster...?' is slightly more common in spoken Danish. Example: 'Hvad koster en returbillet til Aarhus?'
- The Indirect Object Construction
- When an action costs someone something, the person becomes the indirect object. 'Det kostede ham dyrt.' (It cost him dearly). Note that the person affected comes immediately after the verb.
- Future and Conditional Costs
- Using 'vil koste' or 'ville koste' is essential for planning. 'Det vil koste en formue' (It will cost a fortune). The modal verb 'vil' indicates a future certainty or prediction of price.
Selvom det koster en del, er kvaliteten det værd.
Another frequent pattern involves the phrase 'koste hvad det koste vil' (cost what it may / whatever it takes). This is a fixed expression used to show determination. It utilizes the subjunctive-like repetition of the verb to emphasize that the price is irrelevant compared to the goal.
Vi skal nå frem til tiden, koste hvad det koste vil.
Finally, when using koste with time, it often pairs with 'at' + infinitive. 'Det koster tid at lære et nyt sprog.' (It costs time/takes time to learn a new language). This structure mirrors the English 'it takes time,' making it an easy win for English speakers once they accept koste as the verb for 'take' in this specific context.
In Denmark, you will encounter the word koste in almost every social sphere, from the supermarket check-out to the evening news. It is a fundamental building block of Danish life, which revolves heavily around economic stability and social pragmatism.
- The Supermarket (Netto, Føtex, Coop)
- You'll hear it constantly: 'Hvad koster de her?' or 'De koster kun en tyver' (They only cost twenty kroner). Cashiers might use it when a price tag is missing: 'Jeg skal lige se, hvad den koster.'
- News and Media (DR, TV2)
- Journalists use 'koste' to discuss the national budget or the human cost of a crisis. 'Krigen har kostet mange menneskeliv' (The war has cost many human lives). Here, the word takes on a somber, heavy weight.
- Workplace and Productivity
- In meetings, a project manager might say, 'Hvor mange timer vil det koste os?' (How many hours will it cost us?). It emphasizes that time is a resource just as valuable as money.
Det kommer til at koste sved og tårer at vinde denne kamp.
In Danish cinema and literature, koste is often used to highlight the price of ambition. A character might achieve success but at a great personal cost. This thematic use reinforces the B2 learner's need to understand the word's emotional depth. It's not just about the price of a 'pølsehorn'; it's about the 'pris' (price) of a life well-lived or a mistake made.
Hvad koster en liter mælk i dag?
Whether you are listening to a podcast about the Danish economy or simply chatting with a neighbor about their new car, koste is the linguistic currency you will use to navigate the value of everything around you.
While koste seems straightforward, English speakers and even intermediate Danish learners often fall into specific traps. These range from word order issues to confusing the verb with its related noun or similar-sounding words.
- Confusing 'Koste' and 'Pris'
- Learners often say 'Hvad er koster?' instead of 'Hvad er prisen?' or 'Hvad koster det?'. Remember: koste is the action (verb), and pris is the thing (noun). You cannot use 'koste' as a noun to mean price.
- Preposition Pitfalls
- In English, we say 'It cost me $5'. In Danish, you don't need a preposition like 'for' or 'til' between the verb and the person. It is simply 'Det kostede mig 5 kroner'. Adding 'til' is a common error: 'Det kostede til mig' is incorrect.
- Mixing up 'Koste' and 'Kaste'
- This is a pronunciation/spelling error. 'At kaste' means to throw. Saying 'Jeg kastede 100 kroner' implies you physically threw the money away, not that you spent it. Pay close attention to the vowel sound: 'o' vs 'a'.
Fejlagtig: Hvad er koste på denne trøje? (Forkert)
Another mistake involves the past tense. Since koste is a regular group 1 verb (ending in -ede), learners sometimes try to make it irregular because 'cost' is irregular in English (cost-cost-cost). In Danish, it is strictly koste - koster - kostede - har kostet. Don't try to say 'Det kost'.
Det kostede (ikke 'kost') ham dyrt at ignorere advarslen.
Lastly, be careful with the idiom 'at koste rundt med nogen'. If you just say 'han koster hende,' it doesn't mean he's bossing her around; it sounds like he's putting a price tag on her. You must include the 'rundt med' to get the 'bossing around' meaning.
To reach B2 and C1 levels, you need to vary your vocabulary. While koste is the standard, several other verbs and expressions can provide more precision or a more formal tone depending on the context.
- Beløbe sig til (To amount to)
- This is more formal and used in accounting or official reports. 'Regningen beløber sig til 500 kroner.' It sounds more professional than just saying 'Regningen koster...'.
- Kræve (To require/demand)
- When 'koste' is used for effort, 'kræve' is a strong alternative. 'Opgaven koster kræfter' vs. 'Opgaven kræver kræfter'. 'Kræve' implies a necessity rather than just an expenditure.
- Medføre (To entail/result in)
- Used for consequences. 'Beslutningen kostede mange penge' vs. 'Beslutningen medførte store omkostninger'. 'Medføre' focuses on the cause-and-effect chain.
Prisen står i 200 kroner.
If you are talking about 'spending' money rather than the 'cost' itself, use the verb at bruge (to use/spend). 'Jeg brugte 100 kroner' (I spent 100 kroner) vs. 'Det kostede 100 kroner' (It cost 100 kroner). The focus shifts from the object's price to your personal action.
Det vil kræve en enorm indsats at færdiggøre projektet.
By mastering these alternatives, you can express yourself with the nuance required for high-level Danish communication, moving from basic transactions to complex discussions about resources and consequences.
How Formal Is It?
रोचक तथ्य
The Danish word 'kost' can mean both 'broom' and 'food/diet'. The verb 'koste' primarily relates to price, but the idiom 'at koste rundt med nogen' actually links back to the 'broom' meaning!
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing the 'o' like 'oo' in 'food'.
- Over-pronouncing the final 'e' instead of keeping it a neutral schwa.
- Confusing the sound with 'kaste' (to throw).
- Missing the stød in related noun forms (though the verb 'koste' itself usually lacks it).
- Pronouncing the 't' too sharply; in Danish, it is often soft/unaspirated after 's'.
कठिनाई स्तर
Easy to recognize due to similarity to English 'cost'.
Requires knowledge of weak verb conjugation (-ede).
Pronunciation of the short 'o' and schwa 'e' is key.
Clear and frequent in daily speech.
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
Hvad koster et æble?
How much does an apple cost?
Present tense, singular subject.
Det koster ti kroner.
It costs ten kroner.
Standard sentence structure: Subject + Verb + Price.
Koster kaffen meget?
Does the coffee cost a lot?
Inverted word order for a question.
Bogen koster 100 kroner.
The book costs 100 kroner.
Definite noun as subject.
Hvad koster de her sko?
How much do these shoes cost?
Plural subject with 'de her'.
Mælken koster ikke meget.
The milk doesn't cost much.
Negative sentence with 'ikke'.
Det koster fem euro.
It costs five euros.
Using foreign currency names.
Hvad koster en billet?
How much does a ticket cost?
Common travel inquiry.
Det kostede tyve kroner i går.
It cost twenty kroner yesterday.
Past tense 'kostede'.
Hvor meget har det kostet?
How much has it cost?
Present perfect tense.
Det vil koste penge at reparere bilen.
It will cost money to repair the car.
Future tense with 'vil'.
Det kostede to timer at læse bogen.
It cost/took two hours to read the book.
Using 'koste' with time.
Frokosten koster normalt 50 kroner.
Lunch normally costs 50 kroner.
Use of the adverb 'normalt'.
Det koster for meget for mig.
It costs too much for me.
Prepositional phrase 'for mig'.
Hvad koster det at parkere her?
How much does it cost to park here?
Infinitive phrase as subject/complement.
Jakken kostede kun halvdelen på udsalg.
The jacket only cost half on sale.
Past tense with quantifier 'halvdelen'.
Det koster ikke noget at spørge om hjælp.
It doesn't cost anything to ask for help.
Idiomatic use of 'ikke noget' for free/no risk.
Projektet har kostet os mange kræfter.
The project has cost us a lot of effort.
Metaphorical use with 'kræfter'.
Hvad koster det i fragt?
How much does it cost in shipping?
Prepositional use 'i fragt'.
Det koster tid at blive god til dansk.
It costs time to become good at Danish.
Abstract cost (time).
Ulykken kostede ingen menneskeliv.
The accident cost no human lives.
Serious metaphorical use (lives).
Det koster en bondegård!
It costs a farm! (It's very expensive)
Common Danish idiom for high price.
Hvor meget vil det koste at renovere køkkenet?
How much will it cost to renovate the kitchen?
Future conditional inquiry.
Det koster kassen at bo i København.
It costs the box! (It's very expensive)
Slang/informal idiom for high price.
Fejlen kostede ham hans politiske karriere.
The mistake cost him his political career.
Figurative cost with indirect object.
Vi må gennemføre planen, koste hvad det koste vil.
We must carry out the plan, whatever it takes.
Fixed idiom 'koste hvad det koste vil'.
Det koster dyrt at ignorere klimaforandringerne.
It costs dearly to ignore climate change.
Adverbial use 'koste dyrt'.
Chefens opførsel kostede virksomheden mange medarbejdere.
The boss's behavior cost the company many employees.
Cause and effect with 'koste'.
Han koster altid rundt med sine kolleger.
He is always bossing his colleagues around.
Idiom 'koste rundt med'.
Hvad koster det samfundet at have folk på dagpenge?
What does it cost society to have people on unemployment benefits?
Abstract societal cost.
Det kostede ham livet at redde barnet.
It cost him his life to save the child.
Extreme metaphorical cost.
Beslutningen koster os dyrt i det lange løb.
The decision costs us dearly in the long run.
Temporal phrase 'i det lange løb'.
Reformen vil koste betydelige ressourcer i implementeringsfasen.
The reform will cost significant resources in the implementation phase.
Formal/Academic register.
Hendes arrogance kostede hende sympatien fra vælgerne.
Her arrogance cost her the sympathy of the voters.
Abstract emotional cost.
Det koster at være med i frontløberfeltet.
It costs (takes a toll) to be among the frontrunners.
Elliptical use where 'det koster' implies a toll.
Uforsigtigheden kostede ham dyrt rent økonomisk.
The carelessness cost him dearly in purely economic terms.
Use of 'rent' + adjective for precision.
Man må vurdere, hvad det koster på den menneskelige konto.
One must assess what it costs on the human account.
Metaphorical 'konto' (account).
Det koster sved, blod og tårer at opnå succes.
It costs sweat, blood, and tears to achieve success.
Rhetorical triplet for emphasis.
Hvad koster det mon at vedligeholde så gammel en bygning?
I wonder what it costs to maintain such an old building?
Use of 'mon' for speculation.
Det kostede en krig at få ham til at indrømme fejlen.
It cost a war (it was extremely difficult) to get him to admit the mistake.
Hyperbolic idiom.
Investeringen kostede ham hans sjælefred.
The investment cost him his peace of mind.
Highly abstract/literary cost.
Det koster at bryde med de sociale normer.
There is a price to pay for breaking social norms.
Philosophical usage.
Hvorvidt det koster mere, end det gavner, er stadig uklart.
Whether it costs more than it benefits is still unclear.
Formal comparative structure.
Det kostede ham dyrt at sætte sandheden over loyaliteten.
It cost him dearly to prioritize truth over loyalty.
Complex moral trade-off.
Hvad det koster i tabt arbejdsfortjeneste, må vi beregne senere.
What it costs in lost earnings, we must calculate later.
Technical/Legal terminology.
Han koster rundt med folk, som om han ejer verden.
He bosses people around as if he owns the world.
Advanced use of 'koste rundt'.
Det koster en del overvejelser at træffe det rette valg.
It costs (requires) quite a bit of consideration to make the right choice.
Using 'en del' as a quantifier for abstract nouns.
Prisen kostede ham dyrt, men sejren var hans.
The price cost him dearly, but the victory was his.
Poetic/Literary phrasing.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
— It is extremely expensive.
At købe en lejlighed i København koster en bondegård.
— Regardless of the price or effort required.
Vi skal finde en løsning, koste hvad det koste vil.
— It is incredibly expensive (modern idiom).
Den nye iPhone koster spidsen af en jetjager.
— It has a negative impact on resources or reputation.
Dårlig service koster på kontoen hos kunderne.
— To learn a lesson through an expensive or painful mistake.
Investeringen slog fejl, og det blev dyre lærepenge.
— A common rhetorical question about basic cost of living.
Politikeren vidste ikke engang, hvad en liter mælk koster.
— It costs absolutely nothing.
Bogen var på tilbud, den kostede ikke en rød reje.
— It costs an arm and a leg (literally: the shirt).
Reparationen koster skjorten.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
— To order someone around in an arrogant or domineering way.
Han elsker at koste rundt med de nye praktikanter.
Informal— No matter the cost or consequences.
Jeg vil have det job, koste hvad det koste vil.
Neutral— There is no harm in asking.
Du kan da prøve at bede om lønforhøjelse; det koster ikke noget at spørge.
Neutral— Extremely high price.
Hans nye bil kostede spidsen af en jetjager.
Informal— A costly lesson learned through experience.
Han mistede alle sine penge på aktier; det var dyre lærepenge.
Neutral— To require immense effort and suffering.
At bygge huset selv kostede blod, sved og tårer.
Literary— It negatively affects one's mood.
Det dårlige vejr koster på humøret.
Neutral— To be very difficult or take a long time.
Det kostede en krig at få computeren til at virke.
Informalशब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
संबंधित
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of a 'COStly' item. 'Koste' sounds like 'cost' but with a Danish 'e' at the end. It's the price you pay for your 'COStly' Danish lessons!
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a price tag hanging off a broom. The price tag is the literal 'koste', and the broom reminds you of the idiom 'koste rundt' (bossing around).
Word Web
चैलेंज
Try to use 'koste' in three different ways today: once for a price, once for time, and once for effort.
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
From Middle Low German 'kosten', which in turn comes from Old French 'coster'.
मूल अर्थ: To stand at a price, to be worth.
Germanic (borrowed from Romance roots).सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
Be careful when using 'koste livet' (cost a life); it is a heavy expression used for tragedies and serious news.
In English, we say 'it takes time,' but in Danish, 'det koster tid' is very natural. English speakers often avoid using 'cost' for time, but in Danish, it's a primary choice.
Summary
Koste is essential for both daily transactions and describing the consequences of actions; it bridges the gap between material value and personal sacrifice. Example: 'Det koster tid at lære dansk' (It takes/costs time to learn Danish).
- Koste is a verb meaning to have a financial price or to require effort and sacrifice.
- It is a regular Danish verb conjugated as koster, kostede, har kostet.
- Commonly used in shopping (Hvad koster det?) and figurative speech (Det kostede ham dyrt).
- Can also mean to 'boss around' when paired with 'rundt med'.
संबंधित सामग्री
संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स
संबंधित मुहावरे
business के और शब्द
afdeling
B1A department or section within an organization or building.
anliggende
C1a matter or concern
anmode
C1औपचारिक रूप से अनुरोध करना, याचिका करना।
anmodningsbrev
C1एक औपचारिक अनुरोध पत्र जो प्रशासनिक या कानूनी संदर्भों में उपयोग किया जाता है।
anmodningsform
C1a formal request style
anpart
C1a share in a business, often a private limited company
besparelse
B2बचत (खर्च में कमी)।
bestille
A2भोजन, सेवा, या वस्तु जैसी किसी चीज़ का अनुरोध या आदेश देना।
betaling
B1भुगतान वह क्रिया है जिसमें किसी वस्तु या सेवा के बदले पैसे दिए जाते हैं।
betjening
B2customer service or the operation of machines
