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B1 noun 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

difetto

उदाहरण difetto 30 सेकंड में
व्याख्या difetto in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should think of 'difetto' as a word for when something is broken or not quite right with an object. Imagine you have a toy car and one wheel doesn't turn. That is a 'difetto'. It is a simple masculine noun: 'il difetto'. You can use it with basic verbs like 'c'è' (there is) or 'ha' (it has). For example, 'Il libro ha un difetto' (The book has a flaw). At this stage, don't worry about complex meanings. Just remember it as the opposite of 'perfetto' (perfect). If something is not 'perfetto', it has a 'difetto'. You might hear it in a shop if you buy something and it is damaged. It is important to know that the plural is 'difetti'. So, if a shirt has two holes, you say 'ha due difetti'. This word helps you describe basic problems with things you see every day.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the A2 level, you can start using 'difetto' to describe people as well as objects. You might talk about your own 'difetti' or the 'difetti' of a character in a story. For example, 'Lui è simpatico, ma ha un difetto: è sempre in ritardo' (He is nice, but he has one flaw: he is always late). You can also use simple adjectives with it, like 'piccolo' (small) or 'grande' (big). 'È un piccolo difetto' is a common phrase. You will also learn that when you talk about vision, like needing glasses, Italians say 'difetto di vista'. This is more specific than just saying 'un problema'. At this level, you should be able to use 'difetto' in sentences about shopping (returning a defective item) and in basic descriptions of personality traits during a simple conversation.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B1 level, you should master the nuance of 'difetto' as both a physical and abstract concept. You need to distinguish it from 'errore' (a mistake) and 'colpa' (blame/fault). Remember: 'difetto' is an intrinsic quality, while 'errore' is an action. You should also become familiar with common phrases like 'pregi e difetti' (virtues and flaws). This is very useful for writing essays or describing people in detail. You can now use the idiom 'a difetto di' in more formal contexts to mean 'in the absence of'. For example, 'A difetto di altre opzioni, abbiamo scelto questa' (In the absence of other options, we chose this one). You should also understand how 'difetto' is used in estimations: 'per difetto' means 'underestimating'. If you estimate the time for a project 'per difetto', you might run out of time!
At the B2 level, 'difetto' becomes a tool for precise critique and technical description. You should be comfortable using it in professional settings, such as discussing a 'difetto di fabbrica' (manufacturing defect) or a 'difetto di progettazione' (design flaw). You will encounter it in legal or semi-formal texts, often paired with 'vizio'. You should understand that 'difetto' can also refer to a lack of something necessary, as in 'difetto di prove' (lack of evidence). At this level, you should also be able to use synonyms like 'pecca' or 'lacuna' depending on the context. For instance, you might say a movie was great but had a 'pecca' in the screenplay. You are expected to use the word with more sophisticated adjectives like 'congenito' (congenital), 'strutturale' (structural), or 'estetico' (aesthetic).
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, you should appreciate the subtle connotations of 'difetto' in literature and high-level discourse. It can be used to discuss philosophical imperfections or the human condition. You will understand the difference between 'difetto' and 'vizio' in a moral sense, where 'vizio' implies a deeper, more habitual moral failing. You should be able to use the word in complex prepositional phrases and idiomatic expressions without hesitation. For example, 'non fare difetto' to indicate an abundance of a quality: 'L'intelligenza non gli fa certo difetto' (He certainly doesn't lack intelligence). You will also recognize the word in historical contexts, such as Dante's use of 'difetto' to describe the lack of divine grace or moral shortcomings in 'The Divine Comedy'. Your usage should be precise, choosing 'difetto' over 'imperfezione' or 'magagna' based on the exact nuance of the situation.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C2 level, 'difetto' is a word you use with total native-like precision across all domains—legal, scientific, literary, and colloquial. You understand its etymological roots in the Latin 'defectus' and how that history informs its modern usage as a lack or failure. You can navigate the most formal legal terminology, such as 'difetto di giurisdizione' (lack of jurisdiction) or 'difetto di legittimazione'. You can also use it in highly idiomatic, regional, or colloquial ways, such as using 'difetto' in a playful, ironic sense during a fast-paced debate. You are aware of how the word functions in the history of Italian art criticism, describing the 'difetti' that paradoxically give a work its unique character. At this level, 'difetto' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile conceptual building block that you can manipulate to express the finest shades of meaning regarding imperfection and absence.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
उदाहरण

difetto 30 सेकंड में

  • Difetto means flaw or defect, used for both physical objects and human personality traits in everyday Italian conversation.
  • It is a masculine noun (il difetto, i difetti) and is the direct opposite of 'pregio' (virtue or merit).
  • Commonly used in phrases like 'difetto di fabbrica' (factory defect) and 'difetto di vista' (vision problem).
  • In formal contexts, it can mean a 'lack' or 'absence' of something, such as evidence or coordination.

The Italian word difetto is a versatile masculine noun that primarily translates to 'defect,' 'flaw,' or 'shortcoming' in English. At its core, it represents the absence of a quality that should be present, or the presence of an imperfection that detracts from the whole. Whether you are discussing a mechanical failure in a brand-new car, a visual impairment, or the subtle personality quirks of a close friend, difetto is the essential term to reach for. It is a word that bridges the gap between the physical world of manufacturing and the abstract world of human character. In Italian culture, which often places a high value on aesthetic perfection and 'la bella figura,' identifying a difetto is a common part of critical evaluation, yet it is often balanced with the recognition of 'pregi' (virtues).

Physical Imperfections
When an object is not perfect, it has a difetto. This could be a scratch on a smartphone screen or a structural issue in a building. In consumer law, a difetto di fabbrica refers specifically to a manufacturing defect that entitles the buyer to a refund or replacement.

Ho dovuto restituire il televisore perché aveva un difetto nello schermo.

Character and Personality
In the context of human nature, a difetto is a moral or behavioral flaw. It is the opposite of a 'pregio' (merit or virtue). When Italians describe someone, they often list both their 'pregi e difetti' to provide a balanced view of their personality. Common difetti might include being 'testardo' (stubborn) or 'pigro' (lazy).

Beyond these common uses, difetto appears in specialized fields. In medicine, a difetto di vista refers to a vision impairment like myopia. In legal contexts, a vizio or difetto di forma can invalidate a contract or a court ruling. The word's flexibility allows it to describe everything from a minor glitch in a computer program to a fundamental failure in a logical argument. Understanding difetto is crucial for B1 learners because it allows for more nuanced descriptions of the world and the people within it, moving beyond simple 'good' or 'bad' evaluations into the realm of specific critique and honest assessment.

Nessuno è perfetto; tutti abbiamo i nostri difetti.

Quantity and Absence
Sometimes difetto refers to a numerical shortfall. If a shipment arrives with fewer items than ordered, there is a difetto in the quantity. This usage is more formal and often found in commercial correspondence or logistics.

A difetto di prove certe, l'imputato è stato assolto.

Using difetto correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a countable noun and its common prepositional pairings. As a masculine noun ending in '-o', it follows standard pluralization rules, becoming difetti. It is frequently preceded by adjectives that specify the nature or severity of the flaw, such as 'piccolo' (small), 'grave' (serious), 'nascosto' (hidden), or 'estetico' (aesthetic). When talking about a flaw in something, Italians use the preposition 'di' or 'in' depending on the structure. For example, 'un difetto di fabbricazione' (a manufacturing defect) versus 'un difetto nella struttura' (a flaw in the structure).

Expressing Possession
To say someone has a flaw, use the verb 'avere'. Example: 'Lui ha il difetto di parlare troppo' (He has the flaw of talking too much). Note how the infinitive verb following 'difetto di' describes the specific behavior.

Il suo unico difetto è l'impazienza.

The Idiom 'A Difetto Di'
This formal prepositional phrase means 'in the absence of' or 'failing which.' It is often used in legal or technical writing. Example: 'A difetto di accordo, deciderà il giudice' (In the absence of an agreement, the judge will decide).

Another important construction is 'per eccesso o per difetto'. This is used when making estimates. If you guess a number and you are not exact, you are either 'over' (per eccesso) or 'under' (per difetto). For instance, 'Ho calcolato le spese per difetto' means 'I underestimated the expenses.' This is a common way to describe conservative estimates in business or daily planning. Furthermore, when describing objects, you might say 'esente da difetti' (free from defects), which is a common phrase in quality assurance and product descriptions.

Abbiamo esaminato il pezzo e non abbiamo trovato alcun difetto.

Describing Vision
When talking about eyesight, 'difetto di vista' is the standard term. You don't usually say 'problema di vista' in a clinical sense; 'difetto' is the more precise term for conditions like astigmatism or hyperopia.

Correggere un difetto di pronuncia richiede molto esercizio.

You will encounter difetto in a wide variety of real-life Italian scenarios. In the world of shopping and commerce, it is a key word for consumer rights. If you buy a pair of shoes and the sole comes off after two days, you would return to the shop and say, 'Queste scarpe hanno un difetto di fabbrica.' This immediately signals to the clerk that you are aware of your right to a replacement. Similarly, in the context of fashion—a massive industry in Italy—designers and quality controllers spend their days looking for difetti in fabrics and stitching. A garment sold at an outlet mall is often there because it has a 'piccolo difetto' that makes it unsuitable for the main boutique.

In the Workplace
During job interviews or performance reviews, the question 'Quali sono i suoi principali difetti?' (What are your main flaws?) is a standard, if dreaded, part of the conversation. In a professional setting, people often try to frame their difetti as 'aree di miglioramento' (areas for improvement), but the word difetto remains the most direct way to discuss weaknesses.

In un colloquio di lavoro, è importante saper parlare dei propri difetti con onestà.

Social and Romantic Contexts
Italians are famously passionate and sometimes critical. In social circles, you might hear friends gossiping about someone's difetti. In romantic relationships, the phrase 'amare qualcuno nonostante i suoi difetti' (to love someone despite their flaws) is a common sentiment expressed in songs and literature, highlighting that true love accepts imperfection.

Another interesting place you'll hear this word is in the kitchen. Italian cuisine is about the quality of ingredients. A chef might reject a shipment of vegetables because they have difetti—perhaps they are bruised or not fresh enough. In wine tasting, a 'difetto del tappo' (cork taint) is a common technical term used when a wine smells like wet cardboard. Even in the world of technology, Italian tech reviewers use the term bug frequently, but when describing a hardware problem or a systematic failure in a device's design, they will revert to difetto. Whether it is a 'difetto di progettazione' (design flaw) in a bridge or a 'difetto di accensione' in a car, the word is omnipresent in Italian life.

Il meccanico ha trovato un difetto nel sistema frenante.

Television and Media
In talk shows or debates, participants often point out the difetti in their opponent's logic or policy proposals. It is a sharp, effective word for critique that sounds more objective than simply saying something is 'wrong'.

For English speakers, the most common mistake is confusing difetto with other words that mean 'fault' or 'mistake.' In English, 'fault' can mean both a flaw (a defect) and responsibility for an error (whose fault is it?). In Italian, these are strictly separated. Difetto refers to the flaw itself, while colpa refers to the responsibility or blame. If you say 'È il mio difetto' when you mean 'It is my fault (my blame),' an Italian will think you are describing a permanent personality trait rather than taking responsibility for a specific action.

Difetto vs. Errore
An 'errore' is a mistake—something you do wrong, like a math error. A difetto is something inherently wrong with the structure or character of a thing or person. You 'fai un errore' (make a mistake), but you 'hai un difetto' (have a flaw).

Non è un errore di calcolo, è proprio un difetto del software.

Confusion with 'Mancanza'
While difetto can mean a lack (as in 'a difetto di'), it usually implies a lack of something that should be there to make it perfect. 'Mancanza' is the general word for 'lack' or 'absence.' If you are missing a physical object like a book, you use 'mancanza,' not difetto.

Another nuance is the difference between difetto and vizio. In many contexts, they are interchangeable, but vizio often carries a stronger moral weight (like a 'vice'—smoking, gambling) or a legal weight (a 'vizio di forma'). Using difetto for a serious moral vice might sound too light, while using vizio for a small scratch on a table might sound too heavy. Lastly, remember that difetto is always masculine. Beginners often mistakenly say 'la difetto' because it ends in 'o' and they might confuse it with feminine nouns like 'la mano,' but il difetto is the only correct form.

Attenzione: non dire 'la mia colpa è un difetto', dì 'è colpa mia'.

False Cognates
While 'defect' in English is a close match, 'defective' is 'difettoso'. Avoid using 'difetto' as an adjective. You cannot say 'un computer difetto'; you must say 'un computer difettoso'.

To truly master Italian, you should know the synonyms and related terms for difetto to avoid repetition and sound more natural. Depending on the context—whether technical, moral, or aesthetic—several other words might be more precise. Understanding the 'register' (formality level) of these alternatives is key to moving from B1 to B2 and beyond.

Imperfezione vs. Difetto
Imperfezione: This is a softer word. A difetto might make a product unusable, but an imperfezione might just be a cosmetic issue. Use this when you want to be more diplomatic or describe something that is almost perfect.

Queste perle sono naturali, quindi ogni piccola imperfezione ne prova l'autenticità.

Pecca and Magagna
Pecca: A very common, slightly more literary or idiomatic way to say 'flaw.' It's often used in the phrase 'l'unica pecca' (the only downside). Magagna: A more colloquial and colorful word for a hidden flaw or a 'catch.' If a deal seems too good to be true, you might ask 'Dove sta la magagna?' (Where's the catch/hidden defect?).

In a technical or legal sense, as mentioned before, vizio is the strongest alternative. A 'vizio di fabbrica' is synonymous with 'difetto di fabbrica' but sounds slightly more formal and legalistic. In the context of computer science, while bug is universal, anomalia is often used in official reports to describe unexpected behavior. Lastly, for personality traits, limite (limit/limitation) is a more positive way to frame a difetto. Instead of saying someone has many flaws, saying they have 'alcuni limiti' suggests they are simply human and have boundaries they can work on.

Il film è bellissimo, l'unica pecca è la colonna sonora.

Technical terms
Guasto: This means a breakdown or failure. A car has a 'guasto' when it won't start, but it has a 'difetto' if the door handle is wobbly. Use 'guasto' for functional failure and 'difetto' for intrinsic flaws.
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स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

Questa borsa ha un piccolo difetto.

This bag has a small flaw.

Masculine singular noun with 'un'.

2

Il giocattolo è rotto? No, ha un difetto.

Is the toy broken? No, it has a defect.

Using 'avere' to show possession of a flaw.

3

Guarda, c'è un difetto nel vetro.

Look, there is a flaw in the glass.

Preposition 'nel' (in + il).

4

I difetti sono brutti.

Flaws are ugly.

Masculine plural 'i difetti'.

5

Questo libro non ha difetti.

This book has no flaws.

Negation 'non ha'.

6

Un difetto di colore.

A color defect.

Noun + 'di' + noun.

7

La mela ha un difetto.

The apple has a flaw.

Simple subject-verb-object.

8

È un difetto grave?

Is it a serious defect?

Adjective 'grave' follows the noun.

1

Marco è bravo, ma ha molti difetti.

Marco is good, but he has many flaws.

Using 'molti' (many) with plural noun.

2

Ho un difetto di vista e porto gli occhiali.

I have a vision defect and I wear glasses.

Standard phrase for vision problems.

3

Qual è il tuo peggior difetto?

What is your worst flaw?

Superlative 'peggior' (worst).

4

Le scarpe nuove hanno un difetto di fabbrica.

The new shoes have a manufacturing defect.

Compound term 'difetto di fabbrica'.

5

Non arrabbiarti, è solo un piccolo difetto.

Don't get angry, it's just a small flaw.

Diminutive use of 'piccolo'.

6

Lei accetta tutti i miei difetti.

She accepts all my flaws.

Possessive 'i miei'.

7

Abbiamo trovato un difetto nel motore.

We found a flaw in the engine.

Past tense 'abbiamo trovato'.

8

Questo tavolo è scontato per un difetto.

This table is discounted because of a flaw.

Preposition 'per' indicating cause.

1

Dobbiamo elencare i pregi e i difetti del progetto.

We must list the pros and cons (virtues and flaws) of the project.

Fixed pair 'pregi e difetti'.

2

L'unico difetto di questo appartamento è il rumore.

The only flaw of this apartment is the noise.

'L'unico' (the only).

3

A difetto di una mappa, abbiamo usato il telefono.

In the absence of a map, we used the phone.

Prepositional phrase 'A difetto di'.

4

Ho calcolato il tempo per difetto.

I underestimated the time.

Idiom 'per difetto' (underestimating).

5

Essere testardi può essere un difetto.

Being stubborn can be a flaw.

Infinitive verb as subject.

6

Il vestito è perfetto, non ha nessuna pecca o difetto.

The dress is perfect, it has no flaw or defect.

Using synonyms for emphasis.

7

C'è un difetto di comunicazione tra noi.

There is a communication breakdown (flaw) between us.

Abstract usage.

8

Il tecnico sta cercando il difetto nel sistema.

The technician is looking for the flaw in the system.

Present continuous 'sta cercando'.

1

Il contratto è nullo per un difetto di forma.

The contract is void due to a formal defect.

Legal terminology.

2

La ricerca soffre di un difetto di base nella metodologia.

The research suffers from a basic flaw in the methodology.

Verb 'soffrire di' (to suffer from).

3

Il coraggio non gli fa difetto, ma gli manca la prudenza.

He doesn't lack courage, but he lacks prudence.

Idiom 'fare difetto' (to be lacking).

4

Hanno riscontrato un difetto congenito al cuore.

They found a congenital heart defect.

Medical adjective 'congenito'.

5

L'opera d'arte presentava alcuni difetti di conservazione.

The artwork showed some conservation defects.

Formal verb 'presentare'.

6

Il software è stato ritirato per gravi difetti di sicurezza.

The software was withdrawn due to serious security flaws.

Passive voice 'è stato ritirato'.

7

Non dobbiamo peccare per eccesso o per difetto.

We must not err by excess or by deficiency.

Philosophical/Mathematical idiom.

8

Il difetto di questo ragionamento è la premessa.

The flaw in this reasoning is the premise.

Logical critique.

1

La sua prosa è elegante, sebbene non priva di qualche difetto di stile.

His prose is elegant, though not without some stylistic flaws.

Double negative 'non priva di'.

2

L'accusa è caduta per difetto di prove schiaccianti.

The accusation fell through due to a lack of overwhelming evidence.

Legal context 'difetto di prove'.

3

Tale difetto di coordinamento ha causato il fallimento dell'operazione.

Such a lack of coordination caused the operation's failure.

Demonstrative 'tale'.

4

È un difetto che affonda le radici nella sua infanzia.

It is a flaw that is rooted in his childhood.

Metaphorical usage.

5

L'edificio ha mostrato un difetto strutturale imprevisto.

The building showed an unforeseen structural defect.

Technical adjective 'strutturale'.

6

Il difetto di massa è un concetto fondamentale in fisica nucleare.

Mass defect is a fundamental concept in nuclear physics.

Scientific terminology.

7

Nonostante i difetti di gioventù, il sistema funziona bene.

Despite early-stage flaws (teething problems), the system works well.

Idiomatic 'difetti di gioventù'.

8

Si è trattato di un mero difetto di percezione.

It was a mere flaw in perception.

Adjective 'mero' (mere).

1

L'opera dantesca esplora il difetto della volontà umana di fronte al divino.

Dante's work explores the failure of human will before the divine.

Philosophical/Literary usage.

2

Il provvedimento è stato annullato per difetto assoluto di attribuzione.

The measure was annulled due to an absolute lack of jurisdiction.

Highly technical legal jargon.

3

La bellezza risiede spesso nel difetto che rende unico il volto.

Beauty often resides in the flaw that makes a face unique.

Aesthetic philosophy.

4

Sussiste un difetto di legittimazione ad agire in giudizio.

There is a lack of standing to take legal action.

Legal 'legittimazione ad agire'.

5

Il difetto di un'adeguata pianificazione ha compromesso l'esito.

The lack of adequate planning compromised the outcome.

Formal noun-heavy structure.

6

Ogni sistema logico formale presenta dei difetti di completezza.

Every formal logical system presents flaws in completeness.

Scientific/Logical context.

7

Il difetto di reciprocità impedisce l'applicazione del trattato.

The lack of reciprocity prevents the application of the treaty.

International relations terminology.

8

L'autore analizza il difetto di empatia nella società contemporanea.

The author analyzes the lack of empathy in contemporary society.

Sociological usage.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

difetto di fabbrica
difetto di vista
difetto di forma
difetto di prove
difetto strutturale
piccolo difetto
grave difetto
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