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B1 verb #7,500 सबसे आम 8 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

潜む

शीर्ष 7,500

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव 潜む 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या 潜む in your Level:

At the A1 level, you likely won't use the word '潜む' (hisomu) very often, as it is a bit more advanced than basic words like 'hide' (kakureru). However, you can think of it as a special kind of 'hiding' where something is waiting or quiet. Imagine a big cat like a lion in the grass. It is not just hiding; it is waiting. That feeling of 'hiding and waiting' is what 'hisomu' is about. You use the particle 'ni' for the place, like 'kusa no naka ni' (in the grass). It's a 'state' verb, so we usually see it as 'hisonde-iru' to mean 'is currently lurking.' Just remember it is for things that feel a bit mysterious or powerful.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the A2 level, you can start to distinguish between 'kakureru' (to hide) and 'hisomu' (to lurk). While 'kakureru' is for when you can't see your friend during a game, 'hisomu' is for things that are naturally hidden or waiting. For example, 'The fish is lurking under the rock' (Sakana ga iwa no shita ni hisonde iru). It sounds more natural when talking about nature or animals. You might also see it in simple stories about monsters or ghosts. The grammar remains simple: [Subject] ga [Location] ni hisonde-iru. It's a great word to add a little more 'drama' to your descriptions of animals or hidden things.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'hisomu' for both physical and abstract concepts. This is where the word becomes very useful. You can describe 'hidden dangers' (hisomu kiken) or 'hidden possibilities' (hisomu kanousei). It's a key word for describing things that aren't obvious at first glance. For instance, in a conversation about health, you might say a disease is 'lurking' in the body. You should also learn the difference between 'hisomu' (intransitive) and 'hisomeru' (transitive). 'Iki o hisomeru' (to hold one's breath) is a very common B1-level phrase you will encounter in reading materials and novels.

At the B2 level, 'hisomu' is used frequently in news, literature, and formal discussions. You will see it used to describe social issues, like 'loneliness lurking in the city' or 'risks lurking in the economy.' It carries a sense of 'latent' presence. You should be able to recognize it in various conjugations and understand its role in creating atmosphere in a text. For example, a writer might use 'hisomu' to suggest a character's true intentions are hidden behind a smile. It is also important to understand the noun form '潜伏' (senpuku) at this level, which is used for criminals or medical incubation periods.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C1 level, you are exploring the deep literary and philosophical nuances of 'hisomu.' It is used to describe the 'ineffable' or the 'subtle' things that dwell within art, language, and the human psyche. You might analyze how 'hisomu' is used in classical or modern literature to represent the 'shadow' self or the hidden layers of Japanese social harmony (wa). You should be able to use the word with precision in essays to describe complex phenomena where the cause is not immediately visible but is fundamentally present. It is no longer just about 'lurking' but about 'dwelling inherently.'

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, 'hisomu' becomes a tool for sophisticated expression. You can use it to discuss the ontological status of things that exist in potentiality rather than actuality. In high-level academic or legal Japanese, you might discuss 'latent defects' (hisonde iru kekkan) or the 'latent power' of a nation. You understand the subtle shift in tone when a writer chooses 'hisomu' over 'senpuku' or 'shinobu' to evoke a specific aesthetic or emotional response (like 'mono no aware'). Your usage should be indistinguishable from a native speaker, using it to capture the most delicate and hidden aspects of reality.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

潜む 30 सेकंड में

潜む (hisomu) means to lurk or be hidden, often with a sense of waiting or latent potential.
It is an intransitive verb, usually paired with the particle 'ni' to show location.
Commonly used for predators, hidden dangers, secrets, and internal emotions.
Differs from 'kakureru' by implying a deeper, more intentional, or ominous state of being hidden.

The Japanese verb 潜む (hisomu) is a nuanced term that describes the act of being hidden, lurking, or existing in a latent state. Unlike the more common verb kakureru (to hide), which simply indicates that something is out of sight, hisomu carries a weight of intentionality, stillness, or potential energy. It suggests that while the subject is not visible, its presence is felt or it is waiting for the right moment to emerge. This word is a staple in Japanese literature, news reporting, and psychological descriptions because it captures the tension between the seen and the unseen.

Physical Lurking: This describes animals or people hiding in shadows or behind cover. For example, a tiger hiding in the tall grass or a suspicious person waiting in a dark alleyway. The focus is on the stillness and the quietness of the subject.
Latent Presence: Used for abstract concepts like danger, potential, or illness. A virus might 'lurk' in the body before symptoms appear, or a hidden danger might 'lurk' within a new piece of technology. It implies that the essence of the thing is already there, just not yet manifest.
Psychological Depth: Refers to emotions or thoughts that a person keeps deep inside. Hatred, love, or ambition can 'hisomu' in one's heart, suggesting a deep-seated feeling that isn't shown on the surface but influences behavior from the shadows.

草むらの中に、獲物を狙う虎が潜んでいる。
— (Inside the grass, a tiger aiming for its prey is lurking.)

都会の喧騒の裏には、多くの孤独が潜んでいる。
— (Behind the hustle and bustle of the city, much loneliness lurks.)

In daily life, you might see this word in news headlines regarding a criminal 'hiding' (senpuku) or in scientific articles about 'latent' (senzai) genes. The kanji 潜 itself represents 'submerging' or 'going underwater,' which perfectly illustrates the feeling of something being below the visible surface. Whether it's a spy in a thriller or a hidden bug in software, hisomu provides the perfect descriptive edge to indicate that something is there, watching and waiting.

Using 潜む (hisomu) correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior and the specific particles it pairs with. As an intransitive verb (jidoushi), it focuses on the state of the subject that is hiding, rather than an action performed on an object. This means you will almost always use the particle に (ni) to indicate the location where the subject is lurking.

The 'Ni' Particle Connection: The location where something lurks is marked with 'ni'. For example, 'Yami ni hisomu' (To lurk in the darkness). This suggests the subject is integrated into that location. If you used 'de', it might imply an action taking place within an area, but 'ni' is the standard for the state of being hidden.
Te-iru Form for Continuous State: Because lurking is usually a continuous state, you will frequently see it as 潜んでいる (hisonde-iru). This emphasizes that the subject is currently in the act of being hidden. Using the dictionary form 'hisomu' often sounds more literary or describes a general tendency.

彼の言葉の端々に、怒りが潜んでいた。
— (Anger was lurking in every corner of his words.)

One important distinction is between hisomu and its transitive counterpart 潜める (hisomeru). While hisomu is 'to be hidden,' hisomeru is 'to hide something.' Common phrases include 'iki o hisomeru' (to hold one's breath/stay quiet) and 'mi o hisomeru' (to hide oneself). If you are the one doing the active hiding of yourself or a part of you, use hisomeru. If you are describing the state of something already being there, use hisomu.

In formal writing or news, you may encounter the noun form 潜伏 (senpuku). This is a 'suru' verb that means to go into hiding or to be in an incubation period (for a disease). For example, 'senpuku kikan' is the incubation period of a virus. Understanding hisomu gives you the foundation to understand these more complex medical and legal terms.

You will encounter 潜む (hisomu) in a variety of contexts, ranging from high-stakes drama to scientific observation. It is a word that adds a layer of mystery and depth to the narrative. Because it implies something 'unseen,' it is a favorite of storytellers and journalists alike.

Mystery and Crime Fiction: In detective novels (推理小説 - suiri shousetsu), authors use hisomu to describe the killer hiding in the shadows or the truth hidden within a complex web of lies. It creates a sense of suspense. You might hear: 'Hannin wa doko ni hisonde iru no ka?' (Where is the criminal lurking?)
Nature Documentaries: When narrating the behavior of predators, Japanese documentaries use hisomu to describe a crocodile submerged in the water or an insect camouflaged against a tree. It emphasizes the stillness of the hunter.
Medical and Scientific Reports: As mentioned before, viruses and bacteria can 'hisomu' in the body. It is also used in psychology to describe 'senzai ishiki' (subconscious mind) where desires or memories 'hisomu' beneath our conscious awareness.

この古い屋敷には、何かが潜んでいるような気がする。
— (I feel like something is lurking in this old mansion.)

In pop culture, specifically anime and manga, characters with hidden powers or secret identities are often described using this verb. If a character has a 'darkness lurking in their heart' (kokoro ni hisomu yami), it signals a complex backstory or a potential for future conflict. It is also used in video games, particularly stealth games like 'Metal Gear Solid,' where the objective is to 'hisomu' (lurk) and 'senpuku' (hide) to avoid detection.

While 潜む (hisomu) is a powerful word, learners often trip up on its specific nuances and its relationship with similar-looking or similar-sounding words. Avoiding these mistakes will help you sound more natural and precise in your Japanese.

Confusing with 'Kakureru': Kakureru is the general word for 'to hide.' If you hide behind a curtain during hide-and-seek, you say 'kakureru.' Hisomu implies a more ominous or long-term state. You wouldn't usually use hisomu for a playful game of hide-and-seek unless you were trying to sound overly dramatic or like a predator.
Transitive vs. Intransitive: Mistaking hisomu (to be hidden) with hisomeru (to hide something). You cannot say 'Watashi wa kagi o hisomu' (I lurk the key). You must say 'Kagi o hisomeru' (I hide the key - though even then, kakusu is more common for objects). Remember: Hisomu is about the thing itself being in a hidden state.
Moguru Confusion: The kanji 潜 is also used for moguru (to dive). Beginners sometimes misread 潜む as mogumu or moguru. Moguru is an action of going under (like diving into water or under a futon), while hisomu is the state of remaining hidden once you are there.

❌ 犯人は公園に隠れている (Too simple/neutral)
✅ 犯人は公園に潜んでいる (Appropriate nuance of lurking)

Another common error is using hisomu for things that are just 'lost' or 'missing.' Hisomu requires the subject to still exist in a specific, albeit hidden, location. If you can't find your wallet, it isn't 'lurking' in your room unless you suspect it has a mind of its own and is waiting to jump out at you! Use hisomu for things with presence or potential impact.

Japanese has several ways to say 'hide' or 'lurk,' each with its own flavor. Choosing the right one depends on the situation and the 'vibe' you want to convey. Here is how 潜む (hisomu) compares to its neighbors.

隠れる (Kakureru): The most neutral and common word. Used for physical objects or people being out of sight. It doesn't carry the 'waiting' or 'latent' nuance that hisomu does. Use this for clouds hiding the moon or children playing.
忍ぶ (Shinobu): Means to do something secretly or to endure. This is the root of 'Ninja' (Shinobi). It implies stealthy movement or hiding one's presence while acting. Hisomu is more about the state of being hidden, while shinobu is about the effort to remain undetected while moving or living.
潜伏する (Senpuku suru): The formal, Sino-Japanese (Kango) version. Used in news reports for criminals on the run or in medicine for the incubation of a disease. It sounds more clinical and official than hisomu.
隠密 (Onmitsu): A more archaic or specialized term for secret or undercover operations. You might see this in historical dramas (Jidaigeki) referring to secret spies or agents.

Comparison Chart:
• Hisomu: Static, lurking, latent, ominous.
• Kakureru: Neutral, physical, out of sight.
• Shinobu: Active stealth, enduring, ninja-like.
• Senpuku: Formal, clinical, criminal/medical.

If you want to describe a 'hidden meaning' in a text, you could use 裏に潜む意味 (ura ni hisomu imi). If you just want to say a cat is under the sofa, sofa no shita ni kakurete iru is better. Matching the word to the 'weight' of the subject is the key to mastery.

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

The kanji 潜 is shared with 'moguru' (to dive), showing the shared conceptual root of 'going under' or 'going out of sight.'

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK hi.so.mu

US hi.soʊ.mu

Japanese is pitch-accented. In standard Tokyo dialect, 'hi-so-mu' starts low and stays relatively flat or drops slightly.

तुकबंदी

Isomu (to hurry) Nisomu (not a word, but fits pattern) Kisomu Misomu Risomu Tisomu Yisomu Wisomu

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'mu' too long like 'moo'. It should be a short, clipped sound.
Confusing the pitch accent with 'hisomu' (there aren't many common homophones, but clarity is key).
Misreading the kanji as 'moguru' (to dive).
Over-stressing the first syllable.
Swallowing the 'u' sound completely (though 'hisom' is common in fast speech, 'mu' should be slightly audible).

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 3/5

The kanji 潜 is N2 level, but the verb is commonly seen in B1/B2 materials.

लिखना 4/5

The kanji is complex to write by hand (15 strokes).

बोलना 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward.

श्रवण 3/5

Can be confused with 'moguru' if not paying attention to the ending.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

隠れる水心影待つ

आगे सीखें

潜める潜伏潜在忍ぶ覆う

उन्नत

暗躍隠蔽伏線淵深層

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Intransitive Verbs (Jidoushi)

ドアが閉まる (The door closes) vs 潜む (To be hidden).

Te-iru for State

彼は隠れている (He is hiding/is in the state of being hidden).

Particle 'Ni' for Existence

部屋に猫がいる (A cat is in the room) -> 闇に何かが潜む (Something lurks in the dark).

Transitive/Intransitive pairs

潜む (hisomu) / 潜める (hisomeru).

Noun + ni + hisomu

影に潜む (Lurk in the shadow).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

ねこがベッドの下にひそんでいます。

A cat is lurking under the bed.

Uses 'ni' for location and 'hisonde-iru' for state.

ライオンが草の中にひそんでいます。

A lion is lurking in the grass.

Subject + ga + Location + ni + hisonde-iru.

おばけが部屋にひそんでいますか？

Is a ghost lurking in the room?

Question form using 'ka'.

森の中に何かがひそんでいる。

Something is lurking in the forest.

Plain form used for storytelling.

虫が木の裏にひそんでいます。

An insect is lurking behind the tree.

Simple physical location.

かげにだれかひそんでいます。

Someone is lurking in the shadows.

Kage (shadow) + ni.

さかなが石の下にひそんでいる。

The fish is lurking under the rock.

Natural observation.

ひそんでいるのはだれですか？

Who is the one lurking?

Nominalizing the verb with 'no'.

大きなワニが川の中に潜んでいます。

A large crocodile is lurking in the river.

Kanji introduction: 潜.

犯人はこの町に潜んでいるらしい。

It seems the criminal is lurking in this town.

Uses 'rashii' (it seems).

暗闇に何かが潜んでいるようで怖い。

It's scary because something seems to be lurking in the dark.

Uses 'yode' (seems like) to express feeling.

古い家には秘密が潜んでいます。

Secrets lurk in the old house.

Abstract subject: secrets.

敵の兵士が森に潜んでいる。

Enemy soldiers are lurking in the forest.

Military context.

冬の山には危険が潜んでいます。

Dangers lurk in the winter mountains.

Abstract subject: danger.

彼は笑っているが、心には怒りが潜んでいる。

He is smiling, but anger is lurking in his heart.

Contrast between surface and hidden state.

深海には未知の生物が潜んでいる。

Unknown creatures lurk in the deep sea.

Scientific/Exploration context.

この計画には、予期せぬリスクが潜んでいる。

This plan has unexpected risks lurking within it.

Abstract business context.

静かな湖の底に、巨大な怪物が潜んでいるという伝説がある。

There is a legend that a giant monster lurks at the bottom of the quiet lake.

Uses 'to iu' (it is said that).

彼の言葉の裏に、別の意図が潜んでいるのではないか。

Isn't there another intention lurking behind his words?

Uses 'de wa nai ka' for speculation.

ウイルスは体内に潜んで、数日後に発症する。

The virus lurks in the body and manifests a few days later.

Medical context of incubation.

都会の喧騒の中にも、孤独は潜んでいるものだ。

Even in the hustle and bustle of the city, loneliness lurks.

Uses 'mono da' to state a general truth.

その美しいバラには、鋭い棘が潜んでいる。

In that beautiful rose, sharp thorns are lurking.

Metaphorical use.

インターネットの世界には、多くの罠が潜んでいる。

In the world of the internet, many traps are lurking.

Digital/Cybersecurity context.

犯人は地下室に潜んでいたところを逮捕された。

The criminal was arrested while lurking in the basement.

Uses 'tokoro o' to indicate the moment of action.

現代社会の歪みが、こうした事件の背景に潜んでいる。

The distortions of modern society lurk in the background of such incidents.

Sociological analysis.

一見平和な村だが、そこには古い因習が潜んでいた。

It's a seemingly peaceful village, but old customs lurked there.

Literary contrast.

投資には常に不確実性が潜んでいることを忘れてはならない。

One must not forget that uncertainty always lurks in investment.

Financial context.

彼女の瞳の奥には、深い悲しみが潜んでいた。

Deep sorrow lurked in the depths of her eyes.

Emotional description.

この新薬には、未知の副作用が潜んでいる可能性がある。

There is a possibility that unknown side effects lurk in this new drug.

Formal scientific caution.

闇に潜んで敵を待つのが、彼の得意な戦術だ。

Lurking in the dark and waiting for the enemy is his specialty tactic.

Tactical/Combat context.

歴史の闇に潜む真実を暴くために、彼は調査を続けた。

He continued his investigation to uncover the truth lurking in the shadows of history.

Historical/Investigative context.

誰の心にも、自分でも気づかない欲望が潜んでいる。

In everyone's heart, desires of which they themselves are unaware lurk.

Psychological insight.

その詩の言葉の連なりには、作者の絶望が静かに潜んでいる。

In the sequence of words in that poem, the author's despair quietly lurks.

Literary criticism.

科学の進歩の影には、倫理的な問題が常に潜んでいるものだ。

In the shadow of scientific progress, ethical issues are always lurking.

Philosophical/Ethical discussion.

この古い伝統芸能の型の中には、数世紀にわたる知恵が潜んでいる。

Within the forms of this ancient traditional performing art, centuries of wisdom lurk.

Cultural heritage context.

市場の過熱の裏には、バブル崩壊の兆しが潜んでいた。

Behind the overheating of the market, signs of the bubble bursting were lurking.

Economic history.

沈黙の中にこそ、真実が潜んでいることが多い。

It is often in silence that the truth lurks.

Abstract philosophical statement.

遺伝子の中に潜む病の因子が、特定の条件下で顕在化する。

Factors of disease lurking within genes manifest under specific conditions.

Advanced biology.

彼の謙虚な態度の裏には、冷徹な計算が潜んでいたのである。

Behind his humble attitude, cold-blooded calculation was lurking.

Character analysis.

言葉の端々に潜む偏見を、私たちは注意深く排除しなければならない。

We must carefully eliminate the prejudices lurking in every corner of our language.

Social justice/Linguistic context.

存在の根源に潜む虚無を見つめることは、哲学者にとっての宿命である。

Gazing at the nothingness lurking at the root of existence is the fate of the philosopher.

Metaphysical discourse.

法システムの細部に潜む不条理が、時に個人の尊厳を脅かす。

The absurdity lurking in the details of the legal system sometimes threatens individual dignity.

Legal philosophy.

美の極致には、常に死の予感が潜んでいると彼は説いた。

He argued that a premonition of death always lurks at the height of beauty.

Aesthetic theory.

文明の深層に潜む野蛮性は、戦争という形で容易に噴出する。

The barbarism lurking in the depths of civilization easily erupts in the form of war.

Civilizational critique.

数学的な美の背後に潜む厳格な論理は、宇宙の秩序を反映している。

The rigorous logic lurking behind mathematical beauty reflects the order of the universe.

Philosophy of science.

翻訳不可能な言葉の差異にこそ、その民族独自の精神性が潜んでいる。

It is in the differences of untranslatable words that a people's unique spirituality lurks.

Linguistic anthropology.

日常の些細な出来事の中に潜む非日常性を、文学は描き出そうとする。

Literature attempts to depict the extraordinary lurking within the trivial events of daily life.

Literary theory.

権力の構造に潜む不可視の暴力が、いかにして再生産されるかを論じる。

Discussing how the invisible violence lurking in the structures of power is reproduced.

Political science.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

闇に潜む

心に潜む

影に潜む

リスクが潜む

罠が潜む

ウイルスが潜む

真実が潜む

獲物を狙って潜む

静かに潜む

底に潜む

सामान्य वाक्यांश

息を潜める

— To hold one's breath and stay very quiet. Note: This uses the transitive 'hisomeru'.

敵が通り過ぎるまで息を潜めた。

身を潜める

— To hide oneself or keep a low profile. Note: This uses the transitive 'hisomeru'.

騒動が収まるまで身を潜める。

影を潜める

— To disappear or stop showing up. Often used for trends or behaviors.

最近、その噂は影を潜めている。

潜んでいる可能性

— The possibility of something being hidden or latent.

まだ潜んでいる可能性がある。

裏に潜む

— To be hidden behind the surface of something.

この事件の裏に潜む人物を捜す。

潜んでいる敵

— A hidden enemy or an enemy in ambush.

潜んでいる敵に注意しろ。

水面下に潜む

— To be hidden under the surface (often metaphorical).

水面下に潜む問題を解決する。

闇夜に潜む

— To lurk in the dark night.

闇夜に潜む怪しい人影。

虎視眈々と潜む

— To lurk while waiting vigilantly for an opportunity.

彼は虎視眈々とチャンスを狙って潜んでいる。

心の奥底に潜む

— To lurk in the deepest part of one's heart.

心の奥底に潜む本当の願い。

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

潜む vs 隠れる (Kakureru)

Kakureru is neutral and physical. Hisomu is ominous, intentional, or latent.

潜む vs 潜る (Moguru)

Moguru means to dive or go under. Hisomu means to stay hidden there.

潜む vs 忍ぶ (Shinobu)

Shinobu is about stealthy action or endurance. Hisomu is about the state of being hidden.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"息を潜める"

— Literally holding breath, but idiomatically means to wait quietly and secretly for a chance or for danger to pass.

嵐が過ぎ去るのを息を潜めて待つ。

Neutral

"影を潜める"

— To disappear from the scene; to cease to manifest. Used for people or social phenomena.

かつての人気も今は影を潜めている。

Literary

"身を潜める"

— To go into hiding; to keep out of the public eye to avoid trouble.

警察の追及を逃れるため、地方に身を潜める。

Neutral

"草むらに蛇が潜む"

— Metaphor for hidden danger in a seemingly safe place (similar to 'snake in the grass').

油断するな、草むらに蛇が潜むこともある。

Informal

"闇に潜む"

— Idiom for working in the shadows or being part of an underground organization.

彼は闇に潜む組織の一員だ。

Informal

"鳴りを潜める"

— To become quiet; to stop making a fuss or making one's presence known.

批判されていた政治家が、今は鳴りを潜めている。

Formal

"水底に潜む"

— To be at the very bottom/hidden deeply; often used for deep-seated secrets.

水底に潜む真実を掘り起こす。

Literary

"暗雲が潜む"

— A premonition of trouble; like dark clouds hiding behind the horizon.

この平和な毎日の裏に暗雲が潜んでいる。

Literary

"魔物が潜む"

— Used to describe places or situations that are deceptively dangerous (e.g., 'The stadium has demons lurking').

甲子園には魔物が潜んでいると言われる。

Neutral

"一寸先は闇、何が潜むか分からない"

— The future is unpredictable; you never know what lurks just ahead.

人生は何があるか分からない。一寸先は闇、何が潜むか分からないのだ。

General

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

潜む vs 潜める (Hisomeru)

Transitive version of the same root.

Hisomu is 'to be hidden' (intransitive); Hisomeru is 'to hide something' (transitive).

声を潜める (Lower/hide one's voice).

潜む vs 沈む (Shizumu)

Both involve going 'down' or 'under'.

Shizumu is to sink (like a stone); Hisomu is to lurk (like a person).

船が沈む (The ship sinks).

潜む vs 埋まる (Umara)

Both involve being out of sight.

Umara is to be buried; Hisomu is to be lurking/hidden.

雪に埋まる (To be buried in snow).

潜む vs 秘める (Himeru)

Both involve 'hidden' things.

Himeru is to keep a secret inside; Hisomu is to be lurking in a place or state.

胸に秘める (To keep in one's heart).

潜む vs 伏せる (Fuseru)

Both mean to hide.

Fuseru is to turn over or lay low; Hisomu is to lurk/be hidden.

目を伏せる (To look down/hide one's eyes).

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

[Place] に [Subject] がひそんでいます。

にわにへびがひそんでいます。

[Subject] は [Place] に潜んでいるらしい。

怪物は湖の底に潜んでいるらしい。

[Subject] の裏には [Abstract Concept] が潜んでいる。

この話の裏には嘘が潜んでいる。

[Subject] に潜む [Noun] を探す。

心に潜む闇を探す。

[Subject] には [Abstract Concept] が静かに潜んでいるのである。

その伝統には独自の美学が静かに潜んでいるのである。

[Context] において [Subject] が潜んでいることは否定できない。

法制度の根幹において不平等が潜んでいることは否定できない。

Common

息を潜めて [Action]。

息を潜めて犯人を待つ。

Common

身を潜める。

物置に身を潜める。

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

潜伏 Incubation, hiding, concealment.

潜在 Latency, potential.

क्रिया

潜める To hide (something), to lower (one's voice).

潜る To dive, to go under.

潜り込む To sneak into, to crawl under.

विशेषण

潜在的 Latent, potential (e.g., latent risk).

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Common in literature, news, and specialized fields; moderate in daily casual speech.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using 'hisomu' for losing your keys. → Kagi o nakusu / Kagi ga mitsukaranai
Keys don't 'lurk' unless they have a sinister intent.
Saying 'Watashi wa hako ni hisomu' for hide-and-seek. → Hako ni kakureru
'Hisomu' is too serious/ominous for a children's game.
Using 'o' particle: 'Yami o hisomu'. → Yami ni hisomu
It is an intransitive verb of location/state.
Confusing 'hisomu' and 'hisomeru'. → Iki o hisomeru (Hold breath)
You cannot say 'Iki ga hisomu' to mean holding your breath.
Misreading '潜む' as 'Moguru'. → Hisomu
Check the okurigana (the hiragana after the kanji). 'mu' means hisomu, 'ru' means moguru.

सुझाव

Check the Nuance

Ask yourself: Is this thing just out of sight (kakureru) or is it 'lurking' with potential energy (hisomu)? Choose hisomu for the latter.

Particle Choice

Always use 'ni' for the location. 'Mori ni hisomu' is correct. 'Mori o hisomu' is incorrect.

Transitive Pair

Learn 'iki o hisomeru' (hold breath) alongside 'hisomu' to understand the transitive/intransitive relationship.

Kanji Recognition

The top part of 潜 looks like 'submerge'. Associate it with things going under the surface.

Stroke Order

The kanji has 15 strokes. Practice the right side carefully; it's the same as in 'kaeru' (to change).

Pitch Accent

Keep the pitch relatively flat. Avoid putting a heavy stress on any one syllable.

Cultural Depth

Use 'hisomu' when talking about Japanese aesthetics to sound more sophisticated.

News Keywords

When you hear 'senpuku' on the news, remember it's the formal cousin of 'hisomu'.

Visualizing

Visualize a crocodile's eyes just above the water. That state is 'hisomu'.

Abstract Use

Try using 'hisomu' for 'hidden risks' in your business Japanese to sound more natural.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of a 'He' (Hi) who is 'So' (So) 'Mute' (Mu) because he is lurking in the shadows. Hi-So-Mu.

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a submarine (which uses the same kanji 潜水艦 - sensuikan) quietly waiting under the dark ocean waves.

Word Web

Submarine Incubation Lurking Latent Hidden Ninja Predator Secret

चैलेंज

Try to find three things in your room that are 'hisonde-iru' (like dust under the bed or a forgotten snack) and say the sentence out loud.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The word 'hisomu' comes from the Old Japanese verb 'hisomu'. The kanji '潜' consists of the water radical (氵) and the phonetic component '替', which together originally meant 'to submerge in water'.

मूल अर्थ: To go underwater or to hide beneath the surface of water.

Japonic

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Be careful when using it for people; calling someone 'hisonde-iru' might imply they are suspicious or up to no good.

English speakers often use 'lurk' in a negative or creepy sense (like a 'lurker' on the internet). In Japanese, while it can be creepy, it is also used very neutrally in science or beautifully in literature.

The movie 'The Thin Red Line' (Japanese title: 'Hisomi-naru Kansen' - though not literal, related to the feeling). Manga titles involving 'Yami ni Hisomu' (Lurking in the dark). Scientific terms like 'Senpuku Kikan' (Incubation period) used during the COVID-19 pandemic.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Crime/Police

犯人が潜む
潜伏先
潜入する
息を潜める

Nature/Biology

獲物を狙って潜む
ウイルスが潜む
深海に潜む
冬眠して潜む

Psychology

心に潜む影
潜在的な欲望
深層心理に潜む
トラウマが潜む

Business/Risk

リスクが潜む
問題が潜む
裏に潜む意図
欠陥が潜む

Literature/Fiction

闇に潜む
謎が潜む
真実が潜む
忍び寄る影

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"古い家には、何かが潜んでいるような気がしませんか？ (Don't you feel like something is lurking in old houses?)"

"あなたの知らない自分の才能が、どこかに潜んでいるかもしれませんよ。 (Your unknown talents might be lurking somewhere.)"

"この新しいアプリには、どんなリスクが潜んでいると思いますか？ (What kind of risks do you think are lurking in this new app?)"

"都会の生活の中で、どこに孤独が潜んでいると感じますか？ (Where do you feel loneliness lurks in city life?)"

"ミステリー小説で、犯人が潜んでいる場所を当てるのは得意ですか？ (Are you good at guessing where the criminal is lurking in mystery novels?)"

डायरी विषय

自分の心の中に、どんな感情が潜んでいるか考えて書いてみましょう。 (Think about and write what kind of emotions are lurking in your heart.)

森や海など、自然の中に潜んでいる生き物について想像して書いてください。 (Imagine and write about creatures lurking in nature, like the forest or sea.)

社会のルールの裏に潜んでいる矛盾について、あなたの意見を書いてください。 (Write your opinion on the contradictions lurking behind social rules.)

もし自分がスパイだったら、どこに身を潜めて任務を遂行しますか？ (If you were a spy, where would you hide yourself to carry out your mission?)

「平和な日常の裏に潜む危機」というテーマで短い物語を書いてみましょう。 (Write a short story with the theme 'Crisis lurking behind peaceful daily life.')

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Usually no. 'Kakureru' is used for games. 'Hisomu' would make it sound like you are a predator or a criminal, which might be funny but isn't standard.

'Hisomu' is a native Japanese verb used in many contexts. 'Senpuku' is a formal noun-verb (Kango) used mainly in news and medicine. 'Senpuku' sounds more official.

Not always. It can be used for 'hidden talent' or 'hidden beauty' in literature. However, in daily news, it often refers to criminals or dangers.

You can say '体内（たいない）に潜（ひそ）んでいるウイルス' or use the technical term '潜伏（せんぷく）ウイルス'.

It is intransitive. You use 'A ga B ni hisomu' (A lurks in B). The transitive version is 'hisomeru'.

No. For that, 'ura menu' or 'kakushi menu' is used. 'Hisomu' implies a physical or latent 'lurking' presence.

The particle 'ni' is most common to mark the location (e.g., kage ni hisomu).

Yes, it can be used for that context (e.g., reading without posting), though 'romu' (from ROM - Read Only Member) is more specific slang.

Yes, very commonly. Anger, sadness, and ambition are often described as 'hisomu' in the heart.

'Moguru' is the action of going under (diving). 'Hisomu' is the state of being hidden.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें