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B2 noun #7,000 सबसे आम 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

잠식

jamsik शीर्ष 7,000

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव 잠식 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या 잠식 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '잠식' (jamsik) is a very difficult word that you won't usually see. However, you can think of it like a very hungry caterpillar eating a leaf. Imagine you have a big cake, and every day, a small mouse eats just one tiny piece. After a month, the cake is gone! That 'slow eating' is what '잠식' means. In simple Korean, we use words like '조금씩 먹다' (eat little by little). You don't need to use this word yet, but if you see it, just remember the hungry caterpillar eating a leaf slowly. It is a word for when something big becomes small because something else is eating it slowly.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

For A2 learners, '잠식' is a 'level-up' word. You might see it in simple news stories or picture books. It means 'to take over slowly.' Think about your room. If your brother starts putting one toy in your room every day, and after a year, the whole room is full of his toys, he has '잠식'ed your room. It is different from 'stealing' (훔치다) because it happens very slowly, and sometimes you don't notice it until the end. In A2 Korean, you can understand it as '천천히 차지하다' (to take over slowly). It's most often used for business or nature in adult conversations.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the B1 level, you should start recognizing '잠식' in articles about the economy or the environment. This word is very common when talking about 'market share' (시장 점유율). If a new coffee shop opens next to an old one and slowly takes all the customers, the new shop is '잠식'ing the market. You will also see it in the form '잠식당하다' (to be encroached upon). This is the passive form. For example, 'The forest is being encroached upon by the city' (숲이 도시에 의해 잠식당하고 있다). It's a useful word to make your Korean sound more professional and precise than using basic verbs like '없어지다' (to disappear).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

B2 is the 'target level' for this word. You should be able to use '잠식' in discussions about business, society, and psychology. At this level, you understand the nuance of the Hanja roots: 蠶 (silkworm) and 食 (eat). You should know specific terms like '자본 잠식' (capital impairment), which is a critical term in finance. You should also be able to use it metaphorically, such as '불안감이 일상을 잠식했다' (Anxiety encroached upon daily life). You should be careful not to confuse it with '침식' (geological erosion). At B2, using '잠식' correctly shows that you have a strong grasp of formal Hanja-based vocabulary.

C1 learners should use '잠식' with high precision in academic writing and formal debates. You should understand its implications in complex economic theories, such as 'market cannibalization' (자기 잠식). You can use it to describe subtle social phenomena, like how digital culture '잠식'es traditional human interactions. At this level, you can also appreciate the literary value of the word in high-level prose, where it describes the slow, inevitable takeover of ideas, ideologies, or emotions. You should be able to distinguish '잠식' from '침탈', '침해', and '포섭' with ease, choosing the exact word for the specific type of takeover you are describing.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, '잠식' is a tool for nuanced expression. You might use it to discuss the '잠식' of national sovereignty in a globalized world, or the '잠식' of individual identity by collective social pressures. You understand the historical and cultural weight of the word. You can use it in highly technical financial contexts, explaining the nuances between '부분 자본 잠식' (partial capital impairment) and '완전 자본 잠식' (total capital impairment) without hesitation. Your usage reflects a native-like intuition for the word's 'creeping' and 'nibbling' connotations, using it to paint vivid, often dark, pictures of gradual change and displacement in any professional or creative field.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

잠식 30 सेकंड में

Encroachment or gradual erosion of territory/market.
Derived from 'silkworm' (蠶) and 'eat' (食).
Common in business (market share) and finance (capital).
Describes a slow, persistent, and often negative takeover.

The Korean word 잠식 (Jamsik) is a sophisticated noun that translates most accurately to 'encroachment,' 'gradual erosion,' or 'devouring bit by bit.' To understand this word deeply, one must look at its Hanja roots: 蠶 (잠 - silkworm) and 食 (식 - to eat). Imagine a silkworm placed on a mulberry leaf. It doesn't swallow the leaf whole in one aggressive bite; instead, it nibbles at the edges, slowly but surely consuming the entire surface until nothing remains. This imagery is the soul of the word. It describes a process that is often quiet, persistent, and eventually total. In modern Korean, you will encounter this word most frequently in two major contexts: economics and the environment, though it has powerful applications in psychology and social commentary as well.

Economic Context: In business, '시장 잠식' (market encroachment) refers to a situation where a new product or a competitor slowly takes over the market share of an existing one. For example, when smartphones first appeared, they began the '잠식' of the digital camera and MP3 player markets. It implies a steady displacement rather than an instant collapse.
Accounting Specifics: A very common technical term is '자본 잠식' (capital impairment or capital erosion). This occurs when a company's accumulated losses exceed its retained earnings, effectively 'eating' into the original capital invested by shareholders. It is a dire financial signal in the Korean corporate world.

대형 마트의 진출로 인해 재래시장이 서서히 잠식당하고 있다. (Traditional markets are being gradually encroached upon due to the entry of large supermarkets.)

Beyond business, the word carries a heavy weight in psychological descriptions. If someone says their '영혼이 어둠에 잠식되었다' (their soul has been encroached upon by darkness), they are describing a slow, overwhelming takeover of their mental state by depression or despair. It suggests that the person didn't just 'become' sad, but that the sadness slowly ate away at their happiness until the happiness was gone. This nuance of 'gradual but inevitable' is what separates '잠식' from words like '강탈' (seizure) or '파괴' (destruction).

파도가 해안선을 조금씩 잠식해 들어오고 있다. (The waves are gradually encroaching upon the shoreline.)

Environmental Context: When talking about rising sea levels or desertification, scientists use '잠식' to describe how the ocean or the desert slowly claims land that used to be habitable. It captures the relentless nature of natural forces.

In summary, use '잠식' when you want to emphasize the process of one thing slowly taking the place or space of another. Whether it is a competitor taking your customers, a disease affecting an organ, or a habit taking over your schedule, '잠식' is the perfect B2-level word to express this sophisticated concept of gradual displacement.

Using 잠식 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a noun that often combines with the verbs 하다 (to do/active) and 당하다 (to suffer/passive). Because it describes a process of taking over, the sentence structure usually involves an 'attacker' and a 'target.' The target is often marked with the particle -을/를 (object) when using 잠식하다, or it acts as the subject when using 잠식당하다.

The Active Form: 잠식하다: This is used when the subject is the one doing the encroaching. Example: '신기술이 구형 시장을 잠식하고 있다.' (New technology is encroaching on the old market.) Here, the new technology is the 'silkworm' eating the 'leaf' of the old market.
The Passive Form: 잠식당하다 / 잠식되다: This is used when the subject is being eaten away. Example: '그의 마음은 서서히 공포에 잠식당했다.' (His mind was gradually eaten away by fear.) This emphasizes the helplessness of the target being consumed.

불법 건축물이 녹지를 잠식하는 행위를 막아야 합니다. (We must stop the act of illegal buildings encroaching on green spaces.)

In academic and news writing, you will frequently see the noun form used in compound phrases. '자본 잠식' (Capital impairment) is perhaps the most common. If a headline says 'A사, 완전 자본 잠식 상태' (Company A, in a state of total capital impairment), it means the company's liabilities have completely eaten up its equity. Another common phrase is '시장 잠식 효과' (Market cannibalization effect), used when a company's new product eats the sales of its own existing products.

수입 브랜드가 국내 패션 시장의 절반 이상을 잠식했습니다. (Imported brands have encroached upon more than half of the domestic fashion market.)

To use this word like a native, pay attention to the speed of the action. '잠식' is rarely fast. It is used with adverbs like '서서히' (gradually), '조금씩' (little by little), or '끊임없이' (constantly). If something is destroyed instantly, '잠식' is the wrong word. If something is being taken over through a process that might not be noticed until it's too late, '잠식' is your best choice. This word is a staple of the TOPIK II exam and high-level Korean discourse.

While 잠식 is not a word you might use to buy apples at a convenience store, you will hear it daily if you engage with Korean media, business, or literature. It is a 'high-frequency formal' word. If you turn on the 8 o'clock news (SBS or MBC), you are likely to hear '잠식' in segments about the economy or social changes. For example, news reports often discuss how '플랫폼 기업' (platform companies like Kakao or Coupang) are '잠식'ing the traditional business territories of small business owners.

In the Boardroom: If you work in a Korean company, specifically in marketing or strategy, you will hear '잠식' during competitive analysis meetings. '우리 점유율이 경쟁사에 의해 잠식되고 있습니다' (Our market share is being encroached upon by competitors) is a phrase that would cause immediate concern for any manager.
In Literature and Webtoons: In psychological thrillers or dramas, '잠식' is used to describe a character's mental decline. You might read a line like '어둠이 그의 이성을 잠식해 갔다' (The darkness encroached upon his reason). It conveys a sense of creeping dread that is very effective in storytelling.

유튜브가 전통적인 TV 시청 시간을 잠식하고 있다는 것은 이미 잘 알려진 사실입니다. (It is already a well-known fact that YouTube is encroaching on traditional TV viewing time.)

You will also encounter this word in environmental documentaries. When discussing the '황사' (yellow dust) or '사막화' (desertification), narrators describe how the desert '잠식'es the surrounding grasslands. This usage emphasizes the biological/physical aspect of the Hanja (the silkworm eating the leaf). In university lectures, especially in sociology or economics, professors use '잠식' to discuss the '젠트리피케이션' (gentrification) process, where commercial interests '잠식' residential areas.

그 회사는 자본 잠식 상태에 빠져 상장 폐지 위기에 처했다. (The company fell into a state of capital impairment and is at risk of being delisted.)

Lastly, in the legal field, '잠식' might be used to describe the infringement of rights or territory. If a law or a person's actions slowly take away the constitutionally guaranteed rights of others, it can be described as '권리 잠식.' Understanding this word allows you to navigate the most serious and intellectual spheres of Korean society, from financial news to high-brow literature.

While 잠식 is a powerful word, it is often confused with other similar-sounding or similar-meaning words. The most common pitfall for learners (and even some native speakers) is distinguishing it from 침식 (Chimsik). While both involve 'eating away' (食), the first characters change the context entirely. 침식 uses 浸 (to soak/immerse), referring specifically to geological erosion caused by water or wind. You '침식' a rock, but you '잠식' a market.

Mistake 1: Using '잠식' for physical weather erosion: Incorrect: '비바람에 의해 바위가 잠식되었다.' (The rock was encroached by wind and rain.)
Correct: '비바람에 의해 바위가 침식되었다.' (The rock was eroded by wind and rain.) Use '잠식' for abstract things or biological-like takeovers, not purely geological ones.
Mistake 2: Confusing with '침해' (Chimhae - Infringement): '침해' is used when a specific right or law is broken (like copyright infringement). '잠식' is a process of taking space or share. If someone steals your idea once, it's '침해.' If their company slowly takes all your customers over a year, it's '잠식.'

Don't say: 시장이 침식당했다. (Unless the market was physically washed away by a flood.) Say: 시장이 잠식당했다. (The market share was taken over.)

Another mistake is using '잠식' for sudden events. Remember the silkworm! A silkworm cannot eat a whole leaf in one second. Therefore, '잠식' should not be used for a sudden merger or a quick explosion. If a company buys another company overnight, it is an '인수' (acquisition), not '잠식.' '잠식' is the term for the slow, agonizing process that leads up to the takeover, or the slow result of a new trend.

Avoid: '자본이 침해되었습니다.' (My capital was infringed.) Use: '자본이 잠식되었습니다.' (My capital has been eroded by losses.)

Finally, learners often forget that '잠식' is a noun. While you can say '잠식하다,' you cannot just say '그가 잠식했다' without an object. It needs to be '무엇을' (what) he encroached upon. Because it's a formal word, using it in very casual situations (like 'You're eating my fries bit by bit!') might sound overly dramatic or sarcastic. Stick to serious topics like business, psychology, and environment for natural usage.

To truly master 잠식, you need to know its 'neighbors' in the Korean vocabulary landscape. Depending on the nuance you want to convey—whether it's the speed, the legality, or the physical nature of the takeover—you might choose a different word. Here is a breakdown of how '잠식' compares to its closest synonyms.

침식 (Chimsik) vs. 잠식: 침식: Physical erosion (water/wind). '해안 침식' (Coastal erosion).
잠식: Metaphorical or economic encroachment. '시장 잠식' (Market encroachment). Use '침식' for rocks and '잠식' for money or minds.
침해 (Chimhae) vs. 잠식: 침해: Violation of rights or boundaries. '사생활 침해' (Invasion of privacy).
잠식: A slow process of taking over space or share. '침해' is an act; '잠식' is a process.
장악 (Jang-ak) vs. 잠식: 장악: Seizing control or dominance. '시장을 장악하다' (To dominate the market).
잠식: The process of getting there. '잠식' is the nibbling; '장악' is the final state of having the whole leaf in your hand.

Comparison:
1. 잠식: Nibbling away (The process).
2. 장악: Holding in one's hand (The result).

In more casual settings, you can use '갉아먹다' (galga-meokda). This literally means 'to gnaw on' (like a rodent). While '잠식' is a formal Hanja word, '갉아먹다' is a native Korean word that carries the exact same imagery. If you want to say 'Stress is eating away at my health' in a conversation with a friend, '스트레스가 건강을 갉아먹고 있어' sounds more natural than using '잠식.'

Another academic alternative is '침범' (chimbeom), which means 'trespassing' or 'invasion.' However, '침범' implies crossing a line that shouldn't be crossed, often with a sense of aggression. '잠식' is more about the gradual consumption of the area itself. Choosing between these words depends on whether you want to focus on the wrongness of the act (침범), the geological nature (침식), or the gradual consumption (잠식).

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

The word perfectly captures the biological behavior of a silkworm, which is a significant animal in East Asian history due to silk production. The metaphor has been used for over 2,000 years in classical Chinese texts to describe territorial expansion.

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK /t͡ɕamsʰik/

US /d͡ʒɑmsɪk/

Stress is equal on both syllables, as in most Korean words.

तुकबंदी

음식 (eumsik - food) 지식 (jisik - knowledge) 휴식 (hyusik - rest) 소식 (sosik - news) 인식 (insik - recognition) 양식 (yangsik - style/mode) 공식 (gongsik - official) 방식 (bangsik - method)

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'jam' like English fruit 'jam' (it should be 'jahm').
Softening the final 'k' too much (it should be an unreleased stop).

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

लिखना 5/5

Requires correct particle usage and understanding of active/passive forms.

बोलना 4/5

Used in formal presentations or serious discussions; sounds very smart.

श्रवण 4/5

Frequent in financial and social news broadcasts.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

먹다 (to eat) 시장 (market) 자본 (capital) 조금씩 (little by little) 침범 (invasion)

आगे सीखें

침식 (erosion) 침해 (infringement) 부채 (debt) 상장 폐지 (delisting) 독점 (monopoly)

उन्नत

자기 잠식 효과 (cannibalization) 법정 관리 (court receivership) 자본 잠식률 (capital impairment ratio)

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

-에 의해 (By)

시장이 대기업에 의해 잠식되었다. (The market was encroached upon by big corporations.)

-당하다 (Passive for negative actions)

그는 시장을 잠식당했다. (He had his market encroached upon.)

-아/어 가다 (Ongoing process)

바다가 땅을 잠식해 가고 있다. (The sea is going on encroaching the land.)

-로 인해 (Due to)

부채로 인해 자본 잠식이 발생했다. (Capital impairment occurred due to debt.)

-는 현상 (The phenomenon of ...)

상권이 잠식되는 현상이 뚜렷하다. (The phenomenon of the commercial district being encroached is clear.)

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

벌레가 잎을 잠식해요.

The bug eats the leaf bit by bit.

'잠식하다' is used here in a literal way for a beginner to understand the 'eating' part.

그는 빵을 조금씩 잠식했어요.

He ate the bread little by little.

Simple S-O-V structure.

물이 땅을 잠식해요.

Water takes over the land.

Using '잠식' to show movement into a space.

돈이 잠식되었어요.

The money was eaten away.

Passive form '잠식되다' used simply.

시장이 잠식당해요.

The market is being taken over.

Passive form with '당하다' showing a negative effect.

나쁜 생각이 마음을 잠식해요.

Bad thoughts eat the heart.

Metaphorical use for a beginner.

시간을 잠식해요.

It eats up time.

Concept of time being 'consumed.'

꽃이 정원을 잠식해요.

Flowers take over the garden.

Natural spread/encroachment.

대형 마트가 동네 가게를 잠식하고 있어요.

Large supermarkets are encroaching on neighborhood stores.

Present progressive '-고 있다' shows the ongoing process.

바닷물이 해수욕장을 서서히 잠식했습니다.

Sea water gradually encroached on the beach.

Adverb '서서히' emphasizes the slowness.

그 회사는 시장 점유율을 잠식당했습니다.

That company had its market share encroached upon.

'잠식당하다' is common in business contexts.

잡초가 밭을 잠식하기 시작했어요.

Weeds began to encroach on the field.

'-기 시작하다' (started to).

게으름이 그의 삶을 잠식했어요.

Laziness ate away at his life.

Abstract noun '게으름' as the subject.

스마트폰이 우리의 대화 시간을 잠식해요.

Smartphones eat up our conversation time.

Social commentary usage.

회사의 자본이 잠식되고 있습니다.

The company's capital is being eroded.

Introduction to the financial term '자본 잠식.'

어둠이 방 안을 잠식해 들어왔어요.

Darkness came encroaching into the room.

'-어 들어오다' shows direction of encroachment.

신제품이 기존 제품의 시장을 잠식하는 현상이 나타났다.

A phenomenon appeared where new products encroach on the market of existing ones.

'현상' (phenomenon) is a common B1-level noun.

도시화로 인해 숲이 점점 잠식당하고 있습니다.

Due to urbanization, forests are being gradually encroached upon.

'-로 인해' (due to) expresses cause.

그는 슬픔에 잠식되어 아무것도 할 수 없었다.

He was eaten away by sadness and could do nothing.

'-어/아 서' (because/state) structure.

기업의 부채가 자산의 상당 부분을 잠식했다.

The company's debt encroached upon a significant portion of its assets.

'상당 부분' (significant portion) is useful for B1.

인터넷 뉴스가 종이 신문의 영역을 잠식했다.

Internet news encroached upon the territory of paper newspapers.

'영역' (territory/domain) is a key collocation.

사막화가 진행되면서 초원이 잠식되고 있다.

As desertification proceeds, the grasslands are being encroached upon.

'-면서' (while/as) shows simultaneous actions.

외국 기업들이 국내 시장을 빠르게 잠식하고 있다.

Foreign companies are rapidly encroaching on the domestic market.

'빠르게' modifies the speed, though the process is still 'nibbling.'

그의 명성은 스캔들로 인해 잠식되었다.

His reputation was eroded due to the scandal.

Metaphorical use for reputation.

이 회사는 현재 완전 자본 잠식 상태에 빠져 있습니다.

This company is currently in a state of total capital impairment.

'상태에 빠지다' (to fall into a state) is a high-level idiom.

자기 잠식 효과(Cannibalization)를 방지하기 위한 전략이 필요하다.

A strategy is needed to prevent the market cannibalization effect.

'자기 잠식' (self-encroachment) is the technical term for cannibalization.

불안이라는 감정은 서서히 영혼을 잠식해 나간다.

The emotion called anxiety gradually goes on encroaching upon the soul.

'-해 나가다' indicates a continuing process into the future.

해수면 상승으로 인해 저지대가 바다에 잠식될 위기이다.

Due to rising sea levels, low-lying areas are at risk of being encroached upon by the sea.

'위기' (crisis/risk) adds urgency to the encroachment.

기술의 발전이 인간의 노동 영역을 잠식하고 있다는 우려가 있다.

There are concerns that the development of technology is encroaching on the domain of human labor.

'우려가 있다' (there are concerns) is a formal phrase.

대형 플랫폼의 독점이 골목 상권을 잠식하는 결과를 초래했다.

The monopoly of large platforms resulted in the encroachment of local commercial districts.

'결과를 초래하다' (to bring about a result) is a B2-C1 collocation.

그의 이성은 광기에 의해 조금씩 잠식당하기 시작했다.

His reason began to be gradually encroached upon by madness.

Literary usage of '이성' (reason) and '광기' (madness).

자본주의 논리가 예술의 순수성을 잠식해서는 안 된다.

The logic of capitalism must not encroach upon the purity of art.

'-해서는 안 된다' (must not).

디지털 매체의 확산은 활자 매체의 존립 기반을 잠식하고 있다.

The proliferation of digital media is encroaching on the foundation of the existence of print media.

'존립 기반' (foundation of existence) is academic terminology.

권위주의적 사고가 조직의 창의성을 잠식하는 고질적인 문제가 있다.

There is a chronic problem where authoritarian thinking encroaches on the creativity of the organization.

'고질적인' (chronic/deep-seated) is a C1 adjective.

부채에 의한 자본 잠식은 기업의 파산으로 이어지는 전조 증상이다.

Capital impairment by debt is a premonitory symptom leading to corporate bankruptcy.

'전조 증상' (premonitory symptom) is a sophisticated metaphor.

생태계 교란종의 유입은 자생종의 서식지를 빠르게 잠식했다.

The influx of invasive species rapidly encroached on the habitats of native species.

'교란종' (invasive/disturbing species) and '자생종' (native species).

그의 내면은 복수심에 의해 완전히 잠식되어 버렸다.

His inner self was completely and utterly encroached upon by a desire for revenge.

'-어 버리다' emphasizes the completion and the regret/intensity of the state.

문화적 제국주의는 약소국의 정체성을 잠식하는 위험을 내포한다.

Cultural imperialism implies the danger of encroaching on the identity of small nations.

'내포하다' (to imply/contain) is a formal C1 verb.

가상 현실이 현실 세계의 경험을 잠식할 것이라는 디스토피아적 전망이 있다.

There is a dystopian outlook that virtual reality will encroach upon real-world experiences.

'디스토피아적 전망' (dystopian outlook) is a high-level phrase.

신자유주의 정책이 공공 영역을 잠식하면서 사회적 불평등이 심화되었다.

As neoliberal policies encroached on the public sphere, social inequality deepened.

'심화되다' (to deepen/intensify) is used for social issues.

자본의 논리가 인간 소외를 가속화하며 삶의 본질적 가치를 잠식한다.

The logic of capital accelerates human alienation and encroaches upon the essential values of life.

'인간 소외' (human alienation) is a philosophical concept.

언어적 잠식은 소수 언어가 지배 언어에 의해 사라지는 과정을 의미한다.

Linguistic encroachment refers to the process by which minority languages disappear due to dominant languages.

'언어적 잠식' is a specific term in linguistics.

그 철학자는 근대성이 인간의 영성을 어떻게 잠식했는지 논증했다.

The philosopher argued how modernity encroached upon human spirituality.

'논증하다' (to argue/demonstrate a thesis).

기업 회계에서 완전 자본 잠식은 법정 관리의 직접적인 사유가 된다.

In corporate accounting, total capital impairment becomes a direct reason for court receivership.

'사유' (reason/cause) and '법정 관리' (court receivership) are legal terms.

기술적 특이점이 도래하면 기계 지능이 인간 지성을 잠식할지도 모른다.

When the technological singularity arrives, machine intelligence might encroach upon human intellect.

'기술적 특이점' (technological singularity).

식민 지배는 영토의 점령을 넘어 피지배 민국의 정신적 영역까지 잠식했다.

Colonial rule went beyond the occupation of territory and encroached even upon the spiritual domain of the colonized people.

'피지배 민국' (colonized nation).

데이터 독점은 시장의 공정 경쟁을 잠식하여 혁신을 저해하는 요소가 된다.

Data monopoly encroaches on fair market competition and becomes a factor that hinders innovation.

'저해하다' (to hinder/impede).

존재론적 불안이 자아를 잠식할 때, 인간은 허무주의에 빠지기 쉽다.

When ontological anxiety encroaches upon the ego, humans are prone to falling into nihilism.

'존재론적 불안' (ontological anxiety) and '허무주의' (nihilism).

समानार्थी शब्द

침식 침해 장악 훼손

विलोम शब्द

회복 보존

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

시장 잠식

자본 잠식

영혼 잠식

영토 잠식

생태계 잠식

시간 잠식

권리 잠식

자기 잠식

서서히 잠식하다

완전 잠식

सामान्य वाक्यांश

자본 잠식에 빠지다

— To fall into a state where capital is eroded.

무리한 투자로 인해 회사가 자본 잠식에 빠졌다.

시장을 잠식당하다

— To have one's market share taken over by others.

국내 기업들이 해외 브랜드에 시장을 잠식당하고 있다.

잠식해 들어오다

— To come in and encroach (emphasizing direction).

어둠이 창문을 통해 방 안으로 잠식해 들어왔다.

영역을 잠식하다

— To take over a specific domain or area.

AI가 인간의 창작 영역을 잠식할 것인가?

잠식 효과

— The effect of one thing taking over another.

신규 서비스의 잠식 효과를 분석해야 한다.

정신을 잠식하다

— To take over one's mind or sanity.

복수심이 그의 정신을 잠식하기 시작했다.

조금씩 잠식하다

— To encroach bit by bit.

바닷물은 매년 조금씩 해안을 잠식하고 있다.

완전 자본 잠식

— A state where total equity becomes negative.

완전 자본 잠식은 상장 폐지 사유에 해당한다.

잠식 현상

— The phenomenon of encroachment.

도시의 무분별한 확장은 농지 잠식 현상을 낳았다.

상권을 잠식하다

— To take over a commercial district.

대형 쇼핑몰이 주변 상권을 잠식했다.

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

잠식 vs 침식 (Erosion)

'침식' is for physical/geological erosion (water/wind). '잠식' is for abstract/economic encroachment.

잠식 vs 침해 (Infringement)

'침해' is a legal violation of a right. '잠식' is a process of taking over space or share.

잠식 vs 침범 (Invasion)

'침범' is crossing a line or boundary, often suddenly or aggressively.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"누에가 뽕잎을 먹듯"

— Like a silkworm eating a mulberry leaf. This is the literal meaning of the Hanja for '잠식'.

그는 누에가 뽕잎을 먹듯 남의 재산을 잠식했다.

Literary

"자본 잠식 상태"

— Commonly used as a fixed expression for a failing company.

그 회사는 이미 자본 잠식 상태라 투자가 위험하다.

Business

"자기 살 깎아먹기"

— To eat away at one's own flesh (similar to '자기 잠식' or cannibalization).

가격 경쟁은 결국 자기 살 깎아먹기식 잠식일 뿐이다.

Informal

"안방을 내주다"

— To give up the main room (to be completely encroached upon in one's own home).

국내 시장의 안방을 외국 기업에 잠식당했다.

Journalistic

"발붙일 곳이 없다"

— To have no place to put one's foot (the result of total encroachment).

대기업의 잠식으로 소상공인들은 발붙일 곳이 없다.

General

"뿌리까지 잠식하다"

— To encroach down to the very roots.

부패가 사회의 뿌리까지 잠식했다.

Formal

"야금야금 먹다"

— To eat little by little (mimetic word). Similar to the process of '잠식'.

동생이 내 과자를 야금야금 잠식하고 있다.

Informal

"잠식의 마수"

— The evil hand of encroachment.

도시화의 마수가 원시림을 잠식했다.

Literary

"티끌 모아 태산 (Reverse)"

— Usually means 'small bits make a mountain,' but used to show how small losses '잠식' the whole.

작은 지출이 잠식하여 결국 큰 빚이 되었다.

General

"가랑비에 옷 젖는 줄 모른다"

— One doesn't realize their clothes are getting wet in a drizzle. Similar to the subtle nature of '잠식'.

작은 손실의 잠식은 가랑비에 옷 젖는 것과 같다.

Proverb

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

잠식 vs 잠식

Both involve 'eating away' (食).

잠식 (蠶食) is like a silkworm nibbling (metaphorical/economic).

시장이 잠식되다.

잠식 vs 침식

Both involve 'eating away' (食).

침식 (浸食) is like water soaking and wearing away (physical/geological).

바위가 침식되다.

잠식 vs 포식

Both involve 'eating' (食).

포식 (捕食) is predation (one animal eating another).

사자가 사슴을 포식하다.

잠식 vs 폭식

Both involve 'eating' (食).

폭식 (暴食) is binge eating (eating too much at once).

스트레스로 폭식했다.

잠식 vs 부식

Both involve 'eating away' (食).

부식 (腐食) is corrosion or rotting (chemical process).

철이 부식되다.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

A가 B를 잠식하고 있다.

유튜브가 TV 시장을 잠식하고 있다.

A가 B에 의해 잠식당했다.

골목 상권이 대형 마트에 의해 잠식당했다.

A는 자본 잠식 상태에 있다.

그 항공사는 현재 자본 잠식 상태에 있다.

A의 잠식은 B를 초래한다.

녹지의 잠식은 환경 파괴를 초래한다.

A가 B의 존립 기반을 잠식하다.

인공지능이 번역가의 존립 기반을 잠식하고 있다.

A에 의한 B의 점진적 잠식.

외래 문화에 의한 전통 가치의 점진적 잠식.

A가 B의 이성을 잠식해 들어오다.

광기가 그의 이성을 잠식해 들어왔다.

조금씩 잠식해요.

물이 땅을 조금씩 잠식해요.

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

잠식 (encroachment)

자본 잠식 (capital impairment)

시장 잠식 (market encroachment)

क्रिया

잠식하다 (to encroach)

잠식당하다 (to be encroached upon)

잠식되다 (to become encroached)

विशेषण

잠식하는 (encroaching)

잠식된 (encroached)

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Top 5,000 words in Korean news and academic texts.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using '잠식' for sudden physical destruction. → 파괴 (destruction) or 붕괴 (collapse)
'잠식' must be a gradual process, not an instant event.
Confusing '잠식' with '침식' in geography. → 침식 (erosion)
'침식' is specifically for water/wind wearing away physical objects like rocks.
Using '잠식' for a positive takeover. → 장악 (domination) or 선점 (preoccupation)
'잠식' almost always has a negative connotation for the thing being eaten.
Saying '시장이 잠식했다' when the market was taken over. → 시장이 잠식당했다.
The market is the object being eaten, so it needs the passive form '당하다'.
Using '잠식' for a legal violation. → 침해 (infringement)
If a right is violated by a specific act, use '침해'. Use '잠식' for a process of losing share/space.

सुझाव

Learn the Hanja

Knowing 蠶 (silkworm) and 食 (eat) helps you never forget the 'nibbling' nuance of this word compared to other 'takeover' words.

Business News

Read the 'Economy' section of Korean news. You will see '자본 잠식' and '시장 잠식' at least once a week.

Mental Health

Use '잠식' to describe how stress or bad habits slowly take over your life. It's a very expressive way to talk about mental states.

Passive vs Active

Remember that '잠식당하다' is for the victim and '잠식하다' is for the encroacher. Getting the particles right is key for B2 level.

Don't use for rocks

Always use '침식' for rocks and geology. Using '잠식' for a mountain makes it sound like a giant silkworm is eating the mountain.

Academic Writing

In essays about technology or society, use '잠식' to describe how new trends displace old ones. It adds a sophisticated tone.

갉아먹다 for casual use

If '잠식' feels too heavy, use '갉아먹다' (gnaw away). It's more natural for talking about snacks, time, or small worries.

Capital Impairment

If you are interested in stocks, learn '자본 잠식'. It's a major red flag for investors in Korean companies.

Environmentalism

Use '잠식' to talk about desertification or rising sea levels in your environmental discussions.

The Nibble Rule

If it happens 'bit by bit' and 'over time,' think 'Jamsik.'

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Jamsik = 'Jam' (as in a traffic jam that slowly takes over the road) + 'Sik' (as in 'sick' from eating too much). Imagine a traffic jam of silkworms eating a leaf until it's sick and gone.

दृश्य संबंध

A silkworm nibbling the edge of a leaf. Visualize the green leaf slowly disappearing into the silkworm's mouth bit by bit.

Word Web

Market Share Capital Silkworm Slow Erosion Takeover Nibble Encroachment

चैलेंज

Try to use '잠식' in a sentence about your own life. For example: '유튜브가 제 공부 시간을 잠식하고 있어요' (YouTube is encroaching on my study time).

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Derived from Middle Chinese 蠶食 (dzom zyik).

मूल अर्थ: To eat like a silkworm (蠶 = silkworm, 食 = eat).

Sino-Korean (Hanja).

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

The word is neutral but often describes negative situations (loss of share, loss of money, loss of mental health). Avoid using it for positive growth.

In English, we often use 'cannibalization' for '자기 잠식' and 'impairment' for '자본 잠식'. The imagery of a silkworm is unique to East Asia.

The term '자본 잠식' is frequently mentioned in the movie 'Default' (국가부도의 날) about the 1997 IMF crisis. Many economic editorials in the Chosun Ilbo use '잠식' to describe China's rising influence in the tech sector.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Business Strategy

시장 점유율 잠식
경쟁사 잠식
자기 잠식 방지
시장 잠식 전략

Finance & Accounting

자본 잠식 상태
완전 자본 잠식
부분 자본 잠식
자본 잠식 해소

Environment

해안선 잠식
사막화 잠식
녹지 잠식
서식지 잠식

Psychology

불안의 잠식
우울에 잠식되다
이성을 잠식하다
내면의 잠식

Social Issues

골목 상권 잠식
디지털 잠식
문화적 잠식
전통의 잠식

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"대형 플랫폼이 소상공인의 영역을 잠식하는 것에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"기술의 발전이 인간의 일자리를 잠식할 것이라고 보십니까?"

"최근 시장에서 어떤 브랜드가 다른 브랜드를 잠식하고 있나요?"

"우울한 생각이 마음을 잠식할 때 어떻게 극복하시나요?"

"자본 잠식 상태인 기업에 투자하는 것은 위험할까요?"

डायरी विषय

오늘 하루 중 내 시간을 가장 많이 잠식한 것은 무엇인가?

스마트폰이 내 인간관계를 어떻게 잠식하고 있는지 써보자.

내가 가진 좋은 습관이 나쁜 습관을 잠식하게 하려면 어떻게 해야 할까?

우리 사회에서 서서히 잠식되고 있는 전통 가치는 무엇인가?

내 마음을 잠식하고 있는 걱정이 있다면 그것의 정체는 무엇인가?

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Generally, no. Since it comes from the imagery of a leaf being eaten, it usually implies that the original thing is losing its space or value. It is almost always used in a negative or cautionary sense.

It sounds quite formal. If you use it with friends, it might sound like you are speaking like a news anchor or a professor. For daily life, '갉아먹다' or '차지하다' is more common.

'부분 자본 잠식' (Partial) means losses have eaten some of the capital. '완전 자본 잠식' (Total) means losses have eaten ALL the capital and the equity is now negative.

Only in its etymology. In modern usage, nobody thinks about silkworms; they think about market share or erosion. However, the 'nibbling' speed is still implied.

No. '시장 잠식' is the *process* of getting there. A 'monopoly' (독점) is the *state* where one company has already taken over everything.

It is '자기 잠식' (Jagi Jamsik). It happens when a company's new product eats the sales of its old product.

Yes, it can describe a disease slowly taking over an organ or the whole body, though '전이' (metastasis) or '침범' (invasion) are more common medical terms.

Yes, it is a very common word in the TOPIK II (Level 5-6) reading and listening sections, especially in economic and social topics.

There isn't one exact word, but '회복' (recovery), '확장' (expansion), or '보존' (preservation) are used depending on the context.

Yes! '시간 잠식' is a common way to say that something is eating up your time, like social media or unnecessary meetings.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें