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A1 pronoun 9 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

чиний

your, yours (informal)

At the A1 level, 'чиний' (chinii) is one of the first possessive words you will learn. It simply means 'your' in an informal setting. You use it to talk about basic belongings like your book, your name, or your friend. At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar rules; just remember to place 'чиний' before the noun. For example, 'чиний нэр' means 'your name'. It is essential for introducing yourself and asking basic questions to people your own age. You will primarily use it in simple Subject-Noun sentences. The focus is on recognizing the word and knowing it refers to the person you are talking to in a friendly, casual way. It is the possessive twin of 'чи' (you).
At the A2 level, you begin to distinguish between 'чиний' and the formal 'таны'. You learn that 'чиний' is strictly for peers and younger people. You also start using it with a wider range of nouns, including family members (чиний дүү - your younger sibling) and daily activities (чиний ажил - your work). You might notice that Mongolians sometimes add a suffix to the noun after 'чиний', like 'чиний ном-чинь', although this is not strictly required at this level. You also learn the word 'чинийх' (yours) to answer questions like 'Whose is this?'. This level is about expanding the contexts in which you can use the word correctly and avoiding using it with elders.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B1 level, you understand that 'чиний' can be omitted if the context is clear, especially when possessive suffixes are used on the noun. You also learn how 'чиний' interacts with postpositions. For example, 'чиний төлөө' (for you/for your sake) or 'чиний хажууд' (beside you). You begin to use 'чиний' in more complex sentence structures, such as subordinate clauses. You also start to recognize the emotional weight of the word; in a story or a poem, using 'чиний' instead of 'таны' can signal a deep personal bond or a lack of respect, depending on the characters' relationship. Your usage becomes more natural and less reliant on direct English translation.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the B2 level, you master the nuances of 'чиний' in various registers of speech. You understand its use in media, advertising, and literature. You can differentiate between when to use 'чиний' and when to use the reflexive possessive 'өөрийн'. For instance, 'Чи чиний номыг авсан' (You took your book - focusing on the book being yours) vs 'Чи өөрийн номыг авсан' (You took your own book - focusing on the fact that you took it yourself). You also become aware of dialectal variations and how 'чиний' might sound in different parts of Mongolia. Your ability to use the word correctly in fast-paced, idiomatic conversation is much higher.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, you explore the historical and etymological roots of 'чиний'. You understand how the genitive case has evolved in Mongolic languages. You can use 'чиний' in highly stylized writing, such as formal speeches that intentionally use informal language to create a populist or intimate feel. You are also sensitive to the 'hidden' meanings of 'чиний' in political discourse or high literature, where the choice of address can indicate subtle shifts in power dynamics. You can discuss the word's role in Mongolian identity and how the informal address reflects the egalitarian aspects of nomadic culture versus the hierarchical aspects of urban life.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'чиний'. You can use it in complex wordplay, puns, and sophisticated humor. You understand the most obscure idiomatic expressions involving the word. You can analyze the use of 'чиний' in classical Mongolian literature and how it compares to modern usage. You are capable of translating nuanced English texts into Mongolian, choosing between 'чиний', 'таны', and other possessive forms with perfect cultural and grammatical accuracy. The word is no longer a 'vocabulary item' but a flexible tool for expression that you use instinctively to navigate the most complex social and literary landscapes.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
उदाहरण

чиний 30 सेकंड में

  • Informal 'your' used for friends and younger people.
  • Genitive form of the pronoun 'chi' (you).
  • Always placed before the noun it modifies.
  • Should never be used with elders or in formal situations.

The Mongolian word чиний (chinii) is a fundamental building block of the Mongolian language, serving as the informal possessive pronoun for 'your' or 'yours'. To understand its usage, one must first understand the social fabric of Mongolia. The language distinguishes strictly between formal and informal address. While таны (tany) is used for elders, teachers, or strangers to show respect, чиний is the word you use with your peers, younger siblings, close friends, and children. It is derived from the personal pronoun чи (you) combined with the genitive case ending -ний, which signifies possession. In the nomadic tradition, where community and hierarchy are paramount, choosing the right form of 'your' is not just a grammatical choice but a social one. Using чиний with a grandmother, for instance, would be considered a significant breach of etiquette, whereas using it with a childhood friend creates a sense of warmth and equality.

Grammatical Category
Possessive Pronoun (Genitive form of 'chi')
Social Context
Informal, used with friends, family members of the same age or younger, and children.
Core Meaning
Belonging to you (singular, informal).

Энэ чиний ном уу? (Is this your book?)

In modern Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, the word is ubiquitous. You will hear it in the bustling corridors of the State Department Store, in the trendy cafes of the Seoul Street area, and in the daily banter of university students. It represents the 'inner circle'. When a Mongolian speaker shifts from using таны to чиний, it often marks a milestone in a relationship, indicating that the speakers have become close enough to drop formal pretenses. However, learners should be cautious; it is always safer to start with the formal version and wait for the native speaker to initiate the informal address. The word functions similarly to 'tu' in French or 'du' in German, but with the specific genitive marker that makes it possessive.

Чиний утасны дугаар хэд вэ? (What is your phone number?)

Furthermore, чиний can stand alone as 'yours' in certain contexts, though it is more common to add the particle -х to create чинийх when it functions as a predicate. For example, 'This is yours' would be 'Энэ чинийх'. Without the -х, it almost always precedes a noun. Linguistically, it follows the vowel harmony rules of Mongolian, though because it is a fixed pronoun form, you don't need to worry about changing its vowels based on the following word. It is a stable, essential term that opens the door to personal connection in the Mongolian language.

Using чиний in a sentence is relatively straightforward because it typically functions as a possessive adjective that precedes the noun it modifies. In Mongolian syntax, which follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order, possessives are placed directly before the object of possession. For example, if you want to say 'your house', you simply place чиний before 'гэр' (ger/house) to get чиний гэр. Unlike English, where 'your' can be plural or singular, чиний is strictly singular. If you were addressing a group of friends, you would use та нарын instead.

Sentence Position
Always precedes the noun (e.g., [chinii] + [noun]).
Noun Suffixes
In formal or precise Mongolian, the noun following 'chinii' may take a possessive suffix like '-чинь', but in daily conversation, this is often omitted.

Чиний ажил сайн уу? (Is your work going well?)

One interesting aspect of Mongolian possessives is the 'double marking'. While you can say чиний ном (your book), you might also hear чиний ном-чинь. The suffix -чинь reinforces the fact that the book belongs to 'you'. However, for A1 and A2 learners, using чиний alone is perfectly acceptable and widely understood. It is also used in questions to inquire about someone's identity or preferences. For instance, 'What is your favorite color?' becomes чиний дуртай өнгө юу вэ?. Notice how чиний stays at the beginning of the phrase.

Би чиний тухай бодож байна. (I am thinking about you/of yours - literally 'about your [context]').

In more complex sentences, чиний can be part of a postpositional phrase. Mongolian uses postpositions instead of prepositions. So, 'about you' is чиний тухай. Here, чиний is required because the postposition тухай (about) requires the preceding noun or pronoun to be in the genitive case. This makes чиний one of the most versatile words for expressing relationships between people and things, or people and ideas. Whether you are asking for someone's opinion (чиний бодол) or their location (чиний байгаа газар), this word is your primary tool for informal interaction.

If you walk into a 'Guanz' (a traditional Mongolian canteen) in the middle of the day, you will hear чиний echoing through the steam of boiling milk tea. It is the sound of friendship. It’s used when a friend asks, 'Is this your khuushuur?' (Энэ чиний хуушуур уу?). It’s the language of the street, the home, and the playground. In Mongolian pop culture, particularly in the lyrics of modern hip-hop artists like GENTLEMAN or singers like Bold, чиний is used to convey intimacy, longing, and directness. Song titles often include the word to target a specific, personal 'you'.

In Pop Culture
Frequent in love songs and rap lyrics to create a personal connection with the listener or a subject.
In Media
Used in TV dramas during scenes between friends, siblings, or romantic partners.

Энэ дуу чиний дуртай дуу мөн үү? (Is this your favorite song?)

Social media is another place where чиний thrives. On Facebook and Instagram, which are immensely popular in Mongolia, comments and direct messages are dominated by informal language. You’ll see phrases like чиний зураг гоё байна (your photo is nice). In the digital age, the boundaries of where чиний is appropriate are expanding among the youth, but the traditional respect for elders remains a strong barrier that keeps the word out of formal emails or business meetings.

Чиний зөв, би буруутай. (You are right, I am wrong.)

In the classroom, students use it with each other constantly. 'Where is your pen?' (Чиний үзгэн бал хаана байна?) or 'Can I see your homework?' (Чиний гэрийн даалгаврыг харж болох уу?). It’s a word that facilitates cooperation and daily life. Hearing it is a sign that you are in an environment where people feel comfortable and familiar with one another. As a learner, mastering чиний allows you to participate in this inner circle of Mongolian life, moving beyond the sterile formality of textbooks into the vibrant reality of Ulaanbaatar's social scene.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with чиний is using it in the wrong social context. In English, 'your' is universal. In Mongolian, using чиний when you should use таны can make you sound rude or uneducated. It’s comparable to calling a judge 'dude' in a courtroom. Always default to таны if the person is older than you or in a position of authority. Another common error is confusing чиний (your) with чи (you). Remember: чи is the person; чиний is what they own.

Social Faux Pas
Using 'chinii' with elders, teachers, or in business settings.
Confusion with 'Chiniikh'
Using 'chinii' at the end of a sentence without a noun (e.g., saying 'This is chinii' instead of 'This is chiniikh').

Буруу: Энэ чиний. (Wrong: This is your.)
Зөв: Энэ чинийх. (Right: This is yours.)

Phonetically, learners often struggle with the 'ch' sound at the beginning of чиний. In Mongolian, the 'ch' (ч) is slightly different from the English 'ch'; it is more aspirated. Also, the double 'i' sound (ий) at the end is a long vowel. If you pronounce it too short, it might be misunderstood. Another grammatical pitfall is the plural. English speakers often try to use чиний to mean 'your' for a group of people. This is incorrect. For plural 'your', you must use та нарын.

Буруу: Чиний аав ээж (Addressing a group).
Зөв: Та нарын аав ээж (Addressing a group).

Finally, remember that Mongolian nouns often change when a possessive is used. While you can say чиний ном, if you add other case endings, the noun might change its stem (e.g., чиний номноос - from your book). However, чиний itself remains unchanged. It is a 'rock' in the sentence. Avoid the temptation to decline чиний further; it is already in the genitive case and cannot take more case endings.

While чиний is the standard informal 'your', there are several related words you should know to speak Mongolian naturally. The most important is таны (tany), the formal 'your'. As discussed, this is used for respect. Then there is чинийх (chiniikh), which means 'yours' (the possessive pronoun used as a predicate). If you want to say 'This book is yours', you say Энэ ном чинийх. Another alternative is өөрийн (ööriin), which means 'one's own'. This is used when the subject of the sentence is the same as the possessor (e.g., 'You took your [own] book').

Таны (Tany)
Formal 'your'. Use this with anyone you don't know well or who is older.
Чинийх (Chiniikh)
Meaning 'yours'. Used without a following noun.
Өөрийн (Ööriin)
Meaning 'own'. Used for reflexive possession.

Энэ таны цүнх үү? (Is this your bag? - Formal)

In some dialects or more poetic Mongolian, you might encounter чинийхээ, which adds an emotional or emphatic suffix -ээ. This is often used in songs to mean 'my dear your...' or 'your very own'. There is also танай (tanai), which technically means 'your' but is often used to refer to someone's family or home collectively. If you ask 'How is your family?', you might say Танайхан сайн уу? rather than using чиний.

Энэ ном чинийх биш. (This book is not yours.)

Understanding these distinctions is key to achieving fluency. While чиний will get you through most casual conversations, knowing when to switch to таны or өөрийн shows a deep respect for the nuances of Mongolian culture and grammar. It demonstrates that you aren't just translating word-for-word from English, but are instead thinking in Mongolian, respecting the social hierarchies and reflexive relationships that the language encodes so elegantly.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

Чиний нэр хэн бэ?

What is your name?

Simple possessive + noun + question word.

2

Энэ чиний ном.

This is your book.

Demonstrative + possessive + noun.

3

Чиний утас хаана байна?

Where is your phone?

Possessive + noun + location question.

4

Чиний найз хэн бэ?

Who is your friend?

Asking about a person's relationship.

5

Чиний гэр гоё байна.

Your home is beautiful.

Possessive + noun + adjective.

6

Чиний дуртай өнгө юу вэ?

What is your favorite color?

Possessive + adjective + noun + question.

7

Би чиний номыг харж байна.

I am looking at your book.

Subject + possessive + noun + object marker.

8

Чиний аав хаана байна?

Where is your father?

Possessive + family member + question.

1

Чиний дүү хэдэн настай вэ?

How old is your younger sibling?

Possessive + sibling + age inquiry.

2

Энэ чинийх үү?

Is this yours?

Using 'chiniikh' as a standalone possessive.

3

Чиний ажил хэзээ дуусах вэ?

When will your work finish?

Possessive + noun + future question.

4

Би чиний дугаарыг авч болох уу?

Can I have your number?

Polite request using informal possessive.

5

Чиний цүнхэнд юу байгаа вэ?

What is in your bag?

Possessive + noun + locative case.

6

Чиний зөв гэж би бодож байна.

I think you are right.

Chinii zov is a common idiom for 'you are right'.

7

Чиний машин ямар өнгөтэй вэ?

What color is your car?

Possessive + noun + color description.

8

Би чиний төрсөн өдрийг мэднэ.

I know your birthday.

Subject + possessive + noun phrase + verb.

1

Чиний хэлсэн үг надад таалагдсан.

I liked the words you said.

Possessive + past participle acting as a noun phrase.

2

Чиний тухай би их зүйл сонссон.

I've heard a lot about you.

Possessive + postposition 'tuhai'.

3

Би чиний төлөө юу ч хийхэд бэлэн.

I am ready to do anything for you.

Possessive + postposition 'toloo'.

4

Чиний ирэх цаг болчихлоо.

The time for your arrival has come.

Possessive + infinitive used as a noun.

5

Чиний хичээл зүтгэл талаар болохгүй.

Your efforts will not be in vain.

Possessive + abstract noun + negation.

6

Чиний санаа надад маш сонирхолтой санагдлаа.

Your idea seemed very interesting to me.

Possessive + noun + dative + adverb + verb.

7

Чиний хажууд хэн зогсож байгаа вэ?

Who is standing beside you?

Possessive + postposition 'hajuud'.

8

Би чиний өмнөөс маш их баяртай байна.

I am very happy for you (on your behalf).

Possessive + postposition 'omnoos'.

1

Чиний гаргасан шийдвэр бүх зүйлийг өөрчилсөн.

The decision you made changed everything.

Possessive + relative clause + object + verb.

2

Чиний дотоод ертөнц маш баялаг юм.

Your inner world is very rich.

Possessive + compound noun + copula.

3

Энэ бүхэн чиний л буруу.

This is all your fault alone.

Use of emphatic particle 'l' with possessive.

4

Чиний амжилт бол бидний бахархал.

Your success is our pride.

Possessive + noun + copula + collective possessive.

5

Чиний хэв маяг үнэхээр өвөрмөц юм.

Your style is truly unique.

Possessive + noun + intensifier + adjective.

6

Би чиний үнэнч байдалд эргэлзэхгүй байна.

I do not doubt your loyalty.

Possessive + abstract noun + dative + verb.

7

Чиний ачаар би энэ бүгдийг сурсан.

Thanks to you, I learned all this.

Possessive + noun 'achaar' (thanks to).

8

Чиний хэлж байгаа чинь үнэнд нийцэхгүй байна.

What you are saying does not correspond to the truth.

Possessive + participle + possessive suffix for emphasis.

1

Чиний оршихуй энэ газарт гэрэл гэгээ авчирдаг.

Your presence brings light to this place.

Possessive + verbal noun + dative + object + verb.

2

Чиний хувь заяа чиний л гарт бий.

Your destiny is in your own hands.

Repetition of possessive for rhetorical effect.

3

Чиний үйлдэл үгнээс чинь илүү хүчтэй.

Your actions are stronger than your words.

Comparison using possessive forms.

4

Чиний дотоод дуу хоолойг сонсох нь чухал.

It is important to listen to your inner voice.

Possessive + complex noun phrase + infinitive subject.

5

Чиний тууштай зан чанар намайг гайхшруулдаг.

Your persistent character amazes me.

Possessive + adjective + compound noun + object + verb.

6

Чиний бүтээлч сэтгэлгээ хязгааргүй юм.

Your creative thinking is limitless.

Possessive + adjective + verbal noun + adjective.

7

Чиний төлөөх миний сэтгэл хэзээ ч хувирахгүй.

My feelings for you will never change.

Possessive + postpositional adjective + possessive + noun.

8

Чиний м м мөрөөдөл биеллээ олох болтугай.

May your dreams come true.

Possessive + noun + optative mood (blessing).

1

Чиний орчлон ертөнцийг үзэх үзэл надад нөлөөлсөн.

Your worldview has influenced me.

Possessive + four-word compound noun + dative + verb.

2

Чиний чин сэтгэлийн угаас хэлсэн үгс бүхнийг анагаав.

The words you spoke from the bottom of your sincere heart healed everything.

Possessive + complex adjectival phrase + noun.

3

Чиний оршихуйн утга учир юунд оршино вэ?

In what does the meaning of your existence lie?

Possessive + abstract noun phrase + locative + verb.

4

Чиний өвөг дээдсийн өв соёл чиний цусанд бий.

The heritage of your ancestors is in your blood.

Nested possessives.

5

Чиний хүнлэг энэрэнгүй зан бол чиний хамгийн том баялаг.

Your humane and compassionate nature is your greatest wealth.

Possessive + multiple adjectives + noun + superlative.

6

Чиний оюун санааны эрх чөлөөг хэн ч боогдуулж чадахгүй.

No one can restrict your spiritual freedom.

Possessive + compound noun + object + negation + verb.

7

Чиний туулсан зам бол чиний л түүх.

The path you have traveled is your own history.

Relative clause as subject with possessive.

8

Чиний дотоод гэрэл бусдын замыг гэрэлтүүлж байна.

Your inner light is illuminating the path of others.

Possessive + noun + other's possessive + verb.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

чиний нэр
чиний гэр
чиний ажил
чиний найз
чиний дуртай
чиний тухай
чиний төлөө
чиний буруу
чиний зөв
чиний утас

सामान्य वाक्यांश

Чиний зөв

Чиний хэрэг

Чиний дуртай

Чиний ачаар

Чиний өмнөөс

Чиний төлөө

Чиний тухай

Чиний хажууд

Чиний гар дээр

Чиний санаа

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"Чиний зөв"

You're right. Used universally in casual agreement.

Чиний зөв, бид явах хэрэгтэй.

informal

"Чиний хэрэг биш"

None of your business. A blunt way to tell someone to stay out of a matter.

Энэ чиний хэрэг биш, яв!

slang/informal

"Чиний толгой"

Your head (meaning your intelligence/responsibility).

Чиний толгой мэдэх хэрэг.

informal

"Чиний гар"

Your hand (meaning your skill or touch).

Энэ хоол чиний гар орсон болохоор амттай байна.

informal

"Чиний нэр дээр"

In your name. Used for legal or official informal registration.

Энэ байшин чиний нэр дээр байгаа.

neutral

"Чиний нүдээр"

Through your eyes. Meaning from your perspective.

Чиний нүдээр харахыг хүсэж байна.

poetic

"Чиний мөрөн дээр"

On your shoulders. Meaning your responsibility.

Их ажил чиний мөрөн дээр ирлээ.

informal
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