B1 Passive & Reported Speech 1 min read Moyen

The Present Passive Participle (-amas, -ima)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use -amas or -ima to describe something being acted upon right now, turning verbs into descriptive adjectives.

  • Add -amas to 1st conjugation verbs (e.g., skaitomas - being read).
  • Add -ima to 2nd and 3rd conjugation verbs (e.g., mylimas - being loved).
  • These participles must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe.
Verb stem + (-amas/-ima) = Passive Adjective (e.g., Knyga (noun) + skaitoma (participle))

Present Passive Participle Formation

Conjugation Verb (Infinitive) Stem Participle (-amas/-ima)
1st
Skaityti
Skait-
Skaitomas
1st
Rašyti
Raš-
Rašomas
2nd
Mylėti
Myl-
Mylimas
2nd
Matyti
Mat-
Matimas
3rd
Gerti
Ger-
Geriamas
3rd
Dainuoti
Dainuoj-
Dainuojamas

Meanings

The present passive participle describes an ongoing action being performed on a subject, functioning as an adjective.

1

Ongoing Passive State

Something currently undergoing an action.

“Mylimas vaikas yra laimingas.”

“Gaminamas maistas kvepia skaniai.”

Reference Table

Reference table for The Present Passive Participle (-amas, -ima)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Noun + Verb-participle
Knyga skaitoma
Negative
Noun + ne + Verb-participle
Knyga neskaitoma
Question
Ar + Noun + Verb-participle?
Ar knyga skaitoma?
Plural
Nouns + Verb-participle-plural
Knygos skaitomos
Past contrast
Noun + Verb-past-participle
Knyga skaityta
Future contrast
Noun + bus + Verb-participle
Knyga bus skaitoma

Spectre de formalité

Formel
Ataskaita yra rašoma.

Ataskaita yra rašoma. (Workplace)

Neutre
Ataskaita rašoma.

Ataskaita rašoma. (Workplace)

Informel
Ataskaitą rašo.

Ataskaitą rašo. (Workplace)

Argot
Ataskaitą kala.

Ataskaitą kala. (Workplace)

Passive Participle Logic

Verb

1st Conj

  • -amas Suffix

2nd/3rd Conj

  • -ima Suffix

Exemples par niveau

1

Tai skaitoma knyga.

This is a book being read.

2

Gaminamas maistas.

Food is being prepared.

3

Mylimas vaikas.

A loved child.

4

Tai rašomas laiškas.

This is a letter being written.

1

Šis filmas yra rodomas dabar.

This movie is being shown now.

2

Mūsų namas yra dažomas.

Our house is being painted.

3

Ši daina dažnai dainuojama.

This song is often sung.

4

Visur girdimas triukšmas.

Noise is heard everywhere.

1

Projektas yra vykdomas pagal planą.

The project is being carried out according to plan.

2

Ši problema yra sprendžiama.

This problem is being solved.

3

Kiekvienas žodis yra girdimas.

Every word is being heard.

4

Šiuo metu yra statomas naujas tiltas.

A new bridge is being built at the moment.

1

Visi reikalavimai yra atitinkami nustatytoms normoms.

All requirements are being met according to established norms.

2

Šis klausimas yra svarstomas komitete.

This question is being considered in the committee.

3

Dėmesys yra skiriamas detalėms.

Attention is being paid to details.

4

Ši technologija yra taikoma visame pasaulyje.

This technology is being applied worldwide.

1

Visuomenėje yra jaučiamas didelis nepasitenkinimas.

Great dissatisfaction is being felt in society.

2

Šis reiškinys yra stebimas mokslininkų.

This phenomenon is being observed by scientists.

3

Kultūrinis palikimas yra saugomas valstybės.

Cultural heritage is being protected by the state.

4

Šis sprendimas yra priimamas vienbalsiai.

This decision is being taken unanimously.

1

Ši tiesa yra suvokiama tik patirties dėka.

This truth is being perceived only through experience.

2

Istorija yra rašoma nugalėtojų.

History is being written by the victors.

3

Ši tradicija yra puoselėjama kartų kartoms.

This tradition is being nurtured for generations.

4

Visatos paslaptys yra atskleidžiamos per mokslą.

The secrets of the universe are being revealed through science.

Facile à confondre

The Present Passive Participle (-amas, -ima) vs Past Passive Participle (-tas)

Learners mix up present (-amas) and past (-tas) participles.

The Present Passive Participle (-amas, -ima) vs Active Participles (-antis)

Learners confuse who is doing the action.

The Present Passive Participle (-amas, -ima) vs Reflexive Verbs

Learners confuse passive with reflexive.

Erreurs courantes

✗

Knyga skaitomas

✓

Knyga skaitoma

Gender mismatch.
✗

Maistas gaminamas dabar

✓

Maistas yra gaminamas dabar

Missing auxiliary verb.
✗

Knygos skaitoma

✓

Knygos skaitomos

Number mismatch.
✗

Jis yra skaitomas knygą

✓

Knyga yra skaitoma

Active vs passive confusion.
✗

Filmas rodomas vakar

✓

Filmas buvo rodomas vakar

Wrong tense.
✗

Daina dainuojamas

✓

Daina dainuojama

Gender mismatch.
✗

Namai statomas

✓

Namai statomi

Plural mismatch.
✗

Projektas vykdomas gerai

✓

Projektas yra vykdomas gerai

Missing auxiliary.
✗

Problema sprendžiamas

✓

Problema sprendžiama

Gender mismatch.
✗

Darbas atliekamas vakar

✓

Darbas buvo atliekamas vakar

Tense error.
✗

Reikalavimai atitinkamas

✓

Reikalavimai atitinkami

Plural agreement.
✗

Sprendimas priimamas vakar

✓

Sprendimas buvo priimamas vakar

Tense error.
✗

Klausimas svarstomas komitete

✓

Klausimas yra svarstomas komitete

Missing auxiliary.

Structures de phrases

___ yra ___.

Šis ___ yra ___ dabar.

Visur yra ___ ___.

___ yra ___ pagal ___.

Real World Usage

Social Media common

Šis video yra žiūrimas visame pasaulyje.

Job Interview very common

Šis projektas yra vykdomas sėkmingai.

News Report constant

Naujas tiltas yra statomas.

Travel occasional

Ši vieta yra lankoma turistų.

Food Delivery common

Jūsų maistas yra gaminamas.

Texting common

Knyga yra skaitoma.

💡

Check Gender

Always check if your noun is masculine or feminine before choosing -amas or -ama.
⚠️

Don't confuse with past

Remember -amas is for NOW. Use -tas for the past.
🎯

Use in formal writing

These participles make your writing sound much more professional.
💬

Native flow

Natives use these to avoid repeating the subject.

Smart Tips

Always check the noun's gender first.

Knyga skaitomas. → Knyga skaitoma.

Use passive participles to sound objective.

Mes vykdome projektą. → Projektas yra vykdomas.

Don't use -amas for past events.

Knyga skaitoma vakar. → Knyga skaityta vakar.

Remember the plural suffix -ami/-imos.

Namai statomas. → Namai statomi.

Prononciation

skai-TO-mas

Suffix stress

The stress usually falls on the suffix -amas or -ima.

Declarative

Knyga yra skaitoma ↘

Falling intonation for statements.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Remember: 'A-mas' for the first, 'I-ma' for the rest.

Association visuelle

Imagine a book with a giant 'A' on it being read (skait-A-mas) and a heart being loved with an 'I' (myl-I-mas).

Rhyme

For the first, add -amas, for the rest, -ima is the best.

Story

Jonas is reading a book. The book is 'skaitoma'. He loves his cat. The cat is 'mylimas'. They are both in a house that is 'statomas'.

Word Web

skaitomasmylimasrašomasgaminamasrodomasgirdimas

Défi

Look around your room and name 3 things using the -amas/-ima form (e.g., 'kompiuteris yra naudojamas').

Notes culturelles

Used heavily in formal research papers to maintain objectivity.

Common in news headlines to describe ongoing events.

Used to create a poetic, detached atmosphere.

Derived from Proto-Indo-European participle forms.

Amorces de conversation

“

Koks projektas dabar yra vykdomas tavo darbe?

“

Ar ši daina dažnai dainuojama tavo šalyje?

“

Koks maistas dabar yra gaminamas tavo virtuvėje?

“

Kokia problema dabar yra sprendžiama tavo mieste?

Sujets d'écriture

Aprašyk savo darbo dieną naudodamas pasyvinius dalyvius.
Parašyk apie statomą pastatą savo mieste.
Aprašyk knygą, kuri dabar yra skaitoma tavo draugų.
Parašyk apie technologiją, kuri yra taikoma tavo srityje.

Erreurs courantes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct participle.

Knyga ___ (skaityti).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: skaitoma
Knyga is feminine singular.
Choose the correct form. Choix multiple

Maistas ___ (gaminti).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: gaminamas
Maistas is masculine singular.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Namai statomas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Namai statomi
Namai is plural.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Knyga yra skaitoma
Standard word order.
Translate to Lithuanian. Traduction

The song is being sung.

Answer starts with: Dai...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Daina dainuojama
Daina is feminine.
Match the verb to the participle. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: skaitomas
1st conjugation.
Conjugate the verb. Conjugation Drill

Mylėti -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: mylimas
2nd conjugation.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Projektas / vykdyti / dabar.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Projektas vykdomas dabar
Masculine singular.

Score: /8

Exercices pratiques

8 exercises
Fill in the correct participle.

Knyga ___ (skaityti).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: skaitoma
Knyga is feminine singular.
Choose the correct form. Choix multiple

Maistas ___ (gaminti).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: gaminamas
Maistas is masculine singular.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Namai statomas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Namai statomi
Namai is plural.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

yra / skaitoma / Knyga

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Knyga yra skaitoma
Standard word order.
Translate to Lithuanian. Traduction

The song is being sung.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Daina dainuojama
Daina is feminine.
Match the verb to the participle. Match Pairs

Skaityti -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: skaitomas
1st conjugation.
Conjugate the verb. Conjugation Drill

Mylėti -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: mylimas
2nd conjugation.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Projektas / vykdyti / dabar.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Projektas vykdomas dabar
Masculine singular.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

It depends on the verb conjugation. -amas is for 1st, -ima for 2nd/3rd.

No, use the past passive participle (-tas) for that.

Yes, they change to -ami or -imos.

Yes, but it's more common in formal contexts.

Check your gender and number agreement.

Yes, it's the passive version of the -ing form.

Some verbs have irregular stems, but the suffixes are consistent.

Try describing objects around you using the -amas/-ima form.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Participio pasivo

Lithuanian participles are more adjective-like.

French moderate

Participe passé

Lithuanian has a specific present passive form.

German partial

Partizip I/II

Lithuanian suffixation is more synthetic.

Japanese low

Passive voice (-reru)

Lithuanian is more morphological.

Arabic low

Passive voice (ma-)

Lithuanian is suffix-based.

Chinese none

Bei (被) construction

Lithuanian is highly inflected.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Related Grammar Rules

B2

Narrative Hearsay with Participles
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