C1 · 上級 チャプター 60

The Persian Izafat

2 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the elegant Persian Izafat to elevate your Urdu to a sophisticated, literary level.

  • Identify the 'e' vowel link used to connect nouns with their attributes.
  • Apply Persian-style adjective-noun ordering in formal contexts.
  • Analyze classic titles and poetic phrases used in high-register Urdu.
Connect your words with the elegance of Persian grace.

学べること

Understanding the 'e' link in formal Urdu. Using Persian-style constructions like 'Sher-e-Punjab'.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly construct and interpret the Izafat (e-link) in titles and descriptive phrases.

ヒントとコツ (2)

💡

Listen for the 'e'

When reading poetry, listen for the 'e' sound.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Short 'e' Vowel Link
💡

Listen for the 'e'

When listening to Urdu poetry, listen for the short 'e' sound between words.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Persian Adjective-Noun Order

重要な語彙 (5)

شیر lion صفت attribute مرکب compound دل heart کلام speech

Real-World Preview

book-open

Literary Discussion

Review Summary

  • Noun + e + Noun
  • Noun + e + Adjective

よくある間違い

Missing the zer (e-link) makes it just two separate words rather than a single compound title.

Wrong: شیر پنجاب (Sher Punjab)
正解: شیرِ پنجاب (Sher-e-Punjab)

Using standard Urdu adjective-noun order instead of the required reversed Persian order.

Wrong: دانا مرد (Dana Mard)
正解: مردِ دانا (Mard-e-Dana)

Trying to use 'ka' (possessive) where a formal Izafat is expected in literary contexts.

Wrong: کتاب کا مصنف (Kitab ka musannif)
正解: مصنفِ کتاب (Musannif-e-Kitab)

Next Steps

You have conquered the Izafat! Keep reading classic literature to see these patterns in the wild.

Read a Ghazal and highlight all Izafat links.

Continue to: Arabic Plurals in Urdu

クイック練習 (4)

Fill the blank.

Gul ___ Lala

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: e
Consonant ending.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Short 'e' Vowel Link

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Kutta-e-kala

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Native words don't take Ezafe.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Persian Adjective-Noun Order

Fill in the Ezafe.

Gul ___ Surkh

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Consonant ending requires -e.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Persian Adjective-Noun Order

Choose the correct form.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Vowel ending requires -ye.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Persian Adjective-Noun Order

Score: /4

よくある質問 (3)

Rarely, only in formal contexts.
No, it is mostly for Persian/Arabic loanwords.
Sometimes with a 'zer' diacritic, but often implied.
次のチャプター
Arabic Plurals in Urdu
ロードマップに戻る