شد الحزام

Yes, it is understood everywhere from Morocco to Iraq, though some regions might prefer 'Rabat al-hizam'.

No, that would be literal. For weight loss, use 'عملت ريجيم' or 'خسرت وزن'.

It is neutral. You can use it with your boss, your mother, or see it in a newspaper.

The opposite is 'يرخي الحزام' (loosening the belt) or 'يعيش ببذخ' (living lavishly).

It sounds serious, but not necessarily negative. It often implies responsibility and strength.

In the present: 'نحن نشد الحزام'. In the past: 'نحن شددنا الحزام'.

Yes, they are exact equivalents in meaning and imagery.

Absolutely. 'الشركة تشد الحزام' is a very common business phrase.

It means 'belt', like the one you wear with trousers.

Because tightening implies there is already a belt there, but you are making it more restrictive to save space/money.

Not directly, but it aligns with Islamic values of 'Zuhd' (asceticism) and avoiding waste.

Yes, to teach them about saving their allowance.

Yes, often as a metaphor for enduring national struggles.

Using it literally when you just mean you are putting on a belt.