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دیکشنری

A2 noun 11 Min. Lesezeit

دیکشنری

Q: How do I pluralize it?

Use the suffix '-ha' to make 'دیکشنریها' (dikshanari-ha). This is the only standard way to make it plural.

dikshneri

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At the A1 level, the word 'دیکشنری' (dictionary) is one of the most useful nouns you can learn. It is a 'loanword', which means it sounds almost exactly like the English word 'dictionary'. This makes it very easy to remember! At this stage, you should focus on using it in very simple sentences to express possession or basic needs. For example, you can say 'I have a dictionary' (من دیکشنری دارم) or 'This is my dictionary' (این دیکشنری من است). You will mostly hear this word in a classroom or when you are studying with a friend. It's important to know that in Persian, we don't use 'a' or 'an' exactly like in English, so 'a dictionary' can just be 'دیکشنری' or 'یک دیکشنری'. Think of it as your first tool for learning more Persian words. When you see a word you don't know, you can point to it and ask, 'Is this in the dictionary?' (این در دیکشنری هست؟). Learning this word early helps you talk about your learning process itself, which is a big part of being an A1 student. Don't worry about the formal Persian alternatives yet; 'دیکشنری' is perfectly fine and everyone will understand you. Just remember to pronounce it clearly: Dik-sha-na-ri. It's a long word, but since it's familiar, you'll master it quickly. Try to practice saying it along with other school items like 'medad' (pencil) and 'ketab' (book). By the end of A1, you should be able to ask someone for their dictionary and tell them why you need it in one simple sentence.

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At the A2 level, you are moving beyond simple possession and starting to use 'دیکشنری' in more functional contexts. You should be able to describe the dictionary using basic adjectives. For instance, is it 'bozorg' (big) or 'koochak' (small)? Is it 'khoob' (good) or 'geran' (expensive)? You will also start using the 'Ezafe' construction more accurately. For example, 'the English dictionary' becomes 'دیکشنریِ انگلیسی'. At this level, you are likely using a dictionary to help with your homework or to read short stories. You should practice sentences like 'I use a dictionary to read this book' (من برای خواندن این کتاب از دیکشنری استفاده می‌کنم). You might also start using the plural form 'دیکشنری‌ها' when talking about different types of dictionaries. It's also a good time to learn the word for 'meaning' (ma'ni), so you can say 'I am looking for the meaning in the dictionary' (من در دیکشنری دنبال معنی می‌گردم). You will notice that in Iran, people often use dictionary apps on their phones, so you can say 'mobile dictionary' (دیکشنریِ موبایل). This level is all about making the word part of your active study routine. You should also be aware that while 'دیکشنری' is very common, you might occasionally see the word 'فرهنگ' on book covers. Just know they mean the same thing for now. Focus on the 'sh' sound in the middle and the 'i' sound at the end. If you can use 'دیکشنری' to explain how you are learning other words, you are performing perfectly at the A2 level.

As a B1 learner, you are becoming an independent user of the language. You should now be able to discuss the pros and cons of different types of dictionaries. For example, you can compare a 'paper dictionary' (دیکشنریِ کاغذی) with an 'online dictionary' (دیکشنریِ آنلاین). You might say, 'Online dictionaries are faster, but paper dictionaries help me remember better.' (دیکشنری‌های آنلاین سریع‌تر هستند، اما دیکشنری‌های کاغذی به من کمک می‌کنند بهتر یاد بگیرم). At this level, you should also be comfortable using the word in the context of more complex grammar, such as using it in subjunctive or conditional sentences. For instance, 'If I had a dictionary, I would translate this' (اگر دیکشنری داشتم، این را ترجمه می‌کردم). You will also start encountering more specialized dictionaries, such as those for 'synonyms' (motaradef-ha) or 'proverbs' (zarbolmasal-ha). You should be able to ask for these specifically. Your vocabulary is growing, and you might start using the more formal term 'فرهنگ لغت' in academic settings or when writing a formal email to a teacher. You should also understand the nuances of 'looking up' a word. Instead of just 'looking', you might use 'search' (jost-o-joo kardan). This shows a higher level of precision. B1 is the stage where 'دیکشنری' stops being just a book and starts being a topic of conversation. You can talk about your favorite dictionary app and explain why you prefer its interface or its database. Your pronunciation should be natural, and the Ezafe should be automatic.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'دیکشنری' and its alternatives with a high degree of fluency and contextual awareness. You should understand the difference between a bilingual dictionary and a monolingual one (دیکشنریِ تک‌زبانه) and why the latter is often recommended for advanced students. You can participate in debates about language learning strategies, such as whether it's better to guess the meaning of a word from context or to immediately check the dictionary. You might say, 'Constant reliance on a dictionary can slow down reading speed' (تکیه مداوم به دیکشنری می‌تواند سرعت خواندن را کاهش دهد). You should also be familiar with the names of famous Persian lexicographers like Dehkhoda and Mo'in, and understand that their works are often referred to as 'Loghat-nameh' or 'Farhang'. Using these terms instead of 'دیکشنری' in the right context will show your deep understanding of Persian culture and history. Your writing should reflect this variety; you might use 'vazheh-nameh' when referring to a technical glossary in a report. You should also be able to understand more complex instructions involving dictionaries, such as 'Consult the etymological dictionary for the root of the word'. At B2, you are not just using the tool; you are analyzing its role in linguistics. You should also be able to use the word in idiomatic or metaphorical ways if they arise, though 'دیکشنری' itself is mostly literal. Your ability to switch between 'دیکشنری' and 'فرهنگ لغت' based on the formality of the situation is a key indicator of your B2 proficiency.

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By the C1 level, your use of 'دیکشنری' is sophisticated and nuanced. You are likely using monolingual Persian dictionaries like 'Farhang-e Amid' or 'Farhang-e Mo'in' to understand the subtle differences between synonyms. You can discuss the history of Persian lexicography in detail, explaining how the 'Loghat-nameh Dehkhoda' served as a monumental effort to preserve the Persian language. You might use the word 'دیکشنری' when discussing modern linguistics or computational linguistics (like how a digital dictionary's database is structured), but you will predominantly use 'فرهنگ لغت' or 'واژه‌نامه' in your professional or academic output. You should be able to critique a dictionary's methodology—for example, whether its definitions are circular or if its examples are dated. Your sentences will be complex: 'The evolution of digital dictionaries has fundamentally altered the way we approach translation and cross-cultural communication' (تحول دیکشنری‌های دیجیتال، شیوه رویکرد ما به ترجمه و ارتباطات میان‌فرهنگی را به طور اساسی تغییر داده است). At this level, you might even be involved in creating content, and you would know how to compile a 'vazheh-nameh' for a specific project. You understand the register of 'دیکشنری' as being slightly informal and can use that to your advantage in different social settings. You are also aware of the technical terms used within a dictionary, such as 'headword', 'definition', and 'usage note', and you know the Persian equivalents for these concepts.

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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over the word 'دیکشنری' and the entire field of lexicography it represents. You can engage in high-level academic discussions about the 'Persianization' of loanwords and whether 'دیکشنری' should be replaced by native terms in all contexts. You are likely an expert user of historical dictionaries and can navigate the linguistic shifts in word meanings over centuries. You might use the word 'دیکشنری' in a meta-linguistic sense, discussing the 'mental dictionary' (lexicon) of a native speaker. Your command of the language allows you to use the word in any register, from slang to the most formal academic Persian, with perfect precision. You can write reviews of new dictionaries for academic journals, comparing their corpus-based approach to traditional methods. You understand the socio-political implications of dictionary-making—how certain words are included or excluded to reflect a specific national identity. For you, 'دیکشنری' is not just a tool, but a gateway to the vast history of the Persian-speaking world. You can effortlessly explain the etymology of the word itself and its journey into the Persian language. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, and you can use it to express complex, abstract ideas about language, thought, and culture. You might even use it ironically or in wordplay, showing a level of comfort that only comes with near-native or native-level proficiency.

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دیکشنری in 30 Sekunden

A loanword from English used to describe a word-reference tool.
Very common in daily life and educational settings in Iran.
Often used for bilingual resources (e.g., English to Persian).
Synonymous with 'Farhang' but sounds more modern and informal.

The word دیکشنری (pronounced as 'dik-sha-na-ri') is a ubiquitous loanword in the Persian language, directly borrowed from the English word 'dictionary'. While Persian has its own native terms for this concept, such as فرهنگ لغت (farhang-e loghat) or واژه‌نامه (vazheh-nameh), the word دیکشنری has become the dominant term in everyday conversation, especially among students, technology users, and the urban population. It refers to a reference resource—whether a physical book, a digital application, or an online platform—that lists the words of a language, typically in alphabetical order, providing their meanings, translations, pronunciations, and often grammatical information.

Everyday Conversation: In a casual setting, if someone asks 'Do you have a dictionary?', they will almost certainly use the word دیکشنری. It feels modern and efficient.
Educational Context: Teachers in English institutes in Iran rarely use the formal Persian term; they tell students to 'check the dictionary' using this loanword.
Digital Usage: Mobile apps and websites are almost exclusively labeled as دیکشنری آنلاین or simply دیکشنری.

ببخشید، شما یک دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی دارید؟ (Excuse me, do you have an English-to-Persian dictionary?)

Understanding when to use this word versus its formal counterparts is a key part of mastering Persian sociolinguistics. While you would use دیکشنری with a friend or a teacher, you might see فرهنگ لغت on the cover of a prestigious academic volume like the 'Dehkhoda Dictionary'. However, even in academic circles, when referring to the act of looking up a word, دیکشنری is the go-to verb-object combination. The word represents the modernization of the Persian language and its openness to international terminology in the field of education and linguistics.

من همیشه از دیکشنری گوشی‌ام استفاده می‌کنم. (I always use my phone's dictionary.)

The versatility of this word allows it to be used for various types of dictionaries: bilingual, monolingual, specialized (like medical or legal), and even technical glossaries. Its phonetic simplicity in Persian—matching the English syllables almost perfectly—makes it one of the easiest loanwords for English speakers to remember and use correctly from day one. It bridges the gap between the learner's native language and their target language, serving as a literal and metaphorical tool for translation.

این دیکشنری خیلی کامل است. (This dictionary is very complete.)

Historically, the introduction of this loanword coincides with the rise of modern schooling in Iran during the 20th century. As English replaced French as the primary foreign language of study, the English term 'dictionary' was adopted into the vernacular. Today, it is so deeply embedded that many younger speakers might not even realize it is a relatively recent addition to the Persian lexicon, treating it as a native noun for all intents and purposes.

باید معنی این کلمه را در دیکشنری پیدا کنم. (I must find the meaning of this word in the dictionary.)

بهترین دیکشنری برای یادگیری زبان چیست؟ (What is the best dictionary for language learning?)

Using دیکشنری in a sentence is straightforward because it follows standard Persian noun rules. It can act as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition. Because it is a concrete noun, it often appears with verbs related to searching, possessing, or consulting. One of the most common constructions involves the verb نگاه کردن (to look) or چک کردن (to check). For example, 'I looked it up in the dictionary' translates to توی دیکشنری نگاه کردم.

As a Direct Object: When you are buying or using it: 'من این دیکشنری را خریدم' (I bought this dictionary).
With Prepositions: Often used with 'در' (in) or 'توی' (inside): 'در دیکشنری دنبال کلمه بگرد' (Look for the word in the dictionary).
Possessive Forms: Using Ezafe to show ownership: 'دیکشنریِ من' (My dictionary).

او همیشه یک دیکشنری کوچک در کیفش دارد. (She always has a small dictionary in her bag.)

In more complex sentences, دیکشنری can be modified by adjectives to specify the type of dictionary. Since Persian adjectives follow the noun (connected by the Ezafe '-e'), you would say دیکشنریِ تصویری (visual dictionary) or دیکشنریِ تخصصی (specialized dictionary). This structure is essential for learners to master. Furthermore, when talking about digital tools, the word is often paired with آنلاین (online) or اپلیکیشن (application).

بدون دیکشنری، ترجمه این متن غیرممکن است. (Without a dictionary, translating this text is impossible.)

In a classroom setting, you will often hear the imperative form: 'دیکشنری‌هایتان را باز کنید' (Open your dictionaries). This shows the pluralization using the suffix '-ha'. Persian speakers also frequently use the word when discussing language proficiency, such as 'I don't need a dictionary anymore,' which signifies reaching a high level of fluency. The word is not just a noun; it's a marker of the learning process itself.

آیا این دیکشنری تلفظ کلمات را هم دارد؟ (Does this dictionary also have the pronunciation of words?)

When discussing the quality of a dictionary, adjectives like جامع (comprehensive), معتبر (reliable), or قدیمی (old) are common. For example, 'This is a very reliable dictionary' would be این یک دیکشنریِ بسیار معتبر است. Using these descriptive strings helps in building more descriptive and natural-sounding Persian sentences. Whether you are at a bookstore or a library, knowing how to describe the specific دیکشنری you need is a vital skill.

من ترجیح می‌دهم از دیکشنری کاغذی استفاده کنم. (I prefer to use a paper dictionary.)

کدام دیکشنری را برای سطح مبتدی پیشنهاد می‌کنید؟ (Which dictionary do you suggest for the beginner level?)

You will encounter the word دیکشنری in a variety of real-world scenarios in Iran and Persian-speaking communities. Its presence is strongest in educational institutions. From primary schools where students start learning basic English to universities where specialized terminology is required, the word is a constant companion. If you walk into a bookstore in Tehran’s Enqelab Street (the hub of bookstores), you will see signs everywhere saying 'انواع دیکشنری موجود است' (All types of dictionaries available).

Language Institutes: In places like the Iran Language Institute (ILI), teachers constantly remind students to bring their دیکشنری to class.
Tech and Software: When installing software or apps, the menu item for 'Dictionary' or 'Glossary' is almost always translated as دیکشنری.
Workplace: Translators and office workers frequently use the term when discussing technical documents or emails in foreign languages.

توی این دیکشنری، اصطلاحات عامیانه هم هست؟ (Are there slang terms in this dictionary too?)

Beyond the classroom, you’ll hear it in media. Tech reviewers on YouTube or Aparat (the Iranian version of YouTube) often review 'the best dictionary apps for Android'. In movies and TV shows, a character struggling with a foreign language will inevitably reach for a دیکشنری. It is also a common topic in 'How to learn Persian/English' podcasts, where hosts debate the merits of using a monolingual versus a bilingual dictionary. This word is so integrated that it doesn't sound 'foreign' to a Persian ear anymore; it sounds like a standard tool for progress.

استاد گفت برای امتحان نمی‌توانیم از دیکشنری استفاده کنیم. (The professor said we cannot use a dictionary for the exam.)

In digital spaces, 'Fastodic' is one of the most famous Persian-English dictionary apps. You will hear people say, 'Check it on Fastodic' or 'Check it in the dictionary app.' The transition from physical books to apps has only increased the frequency of the word, as people now carry a دیکشنری in their pockets at all times. Social media influencers who teach languages often use the hashtag #دیکشنری to categorize their vocabulary posts, making it a key search term for anyone looking to improve their linguistic skills.

این دیکشنری قابلیت تلفظ صوتی دارد. (This dictionary has a voice pronunciation feature.)

Finally, in the context of Persian literature, you might hear older generations use the word لغت‌نامه (loghat-nameh) when referring to the famous 'Loghat-nameh Dehkhoda'. However, if they are referring to a modern English-Persian dictionary, they will still use دیکشنری. This linguistic division shows how the word has carved out a specific niche for modern, foreign-language-related reference works, while the older Persian terms are reserved for classical and native linguistic treasures.

می‌توانی این دیکشنری را به من قرض بدهی؟ (Can you lend me this dictionary?)

من هر روز کلمات جدید را در دیکشنری چک می‌کنم. (I check new words in the dictionary every day.)

While دیکشنری is an easy word for English speakers, there are several common pitfalls when using it in Persian. The most frequent mistake involves the 'Ezafe' connection. Because دیکشنری ends in the long vowel 'i' (ی), many learners forget that adding a possession or an adjective requires a 'ye' glide. Instead of saying 'Dikshanari man', you must say 'Dikshanari-ye man'. Omitting this 'ye' sound makes the sentence sound fragmented and grammatically incorrect to a native speaker.

Incorrect Verb Choice: Learners often try to literally translate 'look up'. They might say 'up-looking' which doesn't exist. The correct way is در دیکشنری جستجو کردن or توی دیکشنری نگاه کردن.
Confusing with 'Farhang': While 'Farhang' can mean dictionary, it also means 'culture'. Using it in the wrong context can lead to confusion. Stick to دیکشنری for modern language tools.
Spelling Errors: In Persian script, ensure you don't confuse the 'sh' (ش) with 's' (س). It is دیکشنری, not دیسنری.

اشتباه: من دیکشنری من را گم کردم. (Wrong: I lost my dictionary - missing Ezafe.)

Another mistake is overusing the word in formal academic writing. If you are writing a formal essay or a research paper, using the loanword دیکشنری too many times might make your prose seem less sophisticated. In these cases, it is better to vary your vocabulary by using فرهنگ لغت or واژه‌نامه. However, for A2 learners, using دیکشنری is perfectly acceptable and expected. The goal is to reach a level where you can choose the term based on the audience.

درست: دیکشنریِ من کجاست؟ (Correct: Where is my dictionary?)

Additionally, learners sometimes struggle with the plural form. While دیکشنری‌ها (dikshanari-ha) is the standard plural, some might try to apply Arabic-style plurals which are common in Persian, but since this is an English loanword, only the Persian suffix '-ha' is appropriate. Never try to pluralize it in any other way. Also, be careful with the preposition 'with'. In English, we might say 'I translated it with a dictionary,' but in Persian, it's more natural to say 'using a dictionary' (با استفاده از دیکشنری) or 'by looking at a dictionary' (با نگاه کردن به دیکشنری).

او کلمات را از روی دیکشنری می‌خواند. (He is reading the words from the dictionary.)

Lastly, don't confuse دیکشنری with کتابِ زبان (language book). A dictionary is specifically for word meanings, while a 'language book' usually refers to a textbook. If you ask for a دیکشنری in a library and expect a grammar book, you will be disappointed. Precision in naming your learning tools will help you navigate Persian educational environments much more effectively.

نباید فقط به دیکشنری تکیه کرد. (One should not rely solely on the dictionary.)

این دیکشنری خیلی سنگین است. (This dictionary is very heavy.)

Persian is a language rich with synonyms, and the concept of a 'dictionary' is no exception. While دیکشنری is the most common modern term, knowing the alternatives is crucial for reading literature and formal texts. The most prominent alternative is فرهنگ (farhang). While farhang primarily means 'culture', when used in the context of books, it specifically refers to a dictionary or encyclopedia. For example, 'Farhang-e Mo'in' is one of the most famous Persian dictionaries.

فرهنگ لغت (Farhang-e Loghat): The most formal and standard Persian term. Used in academic titles and formal speeches. Literally 'Culture of Words'.
واژه‌نامه (Vazheh-nameh): Often used for a glossary at the back of a book or a specialized list of terms. Literally 'Word-letter' or 'Word-book'.
لغت‌نامه (Loghat-nameh): Very similar to vazheh-nameh, but carries a more classical weight. Famous because of Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda's masterpiece.

من از فرهنگِ لغتِ دهخدا استفاده می‌کنم. (I use the Dehkhoda dictionary.)

Comparing دیکشنری to these alternatives: دیکشنری is informal, modern, and usually implies a bilingual tool (like English-Persian). فرهنگ لغت is formal and can refer to both monolingual and bilingual works. واژه‌نامه is specific and often shorter. If you are in a library and ask for a دیکشنری, the librarian will likely point you to the foreign language section. If you ask for a فرهنگ, they might ask which specific Persian dictionary you are looking for.

این کتاب یک واژه‌نامه در پایانش دارد. (This book has a glossary at its end.)

Another related term is دانشنامه (danesh-nameh), which means 'encyclopedia'. While a dictionary defines words, an encyclopedia provides in-depth information about subjects. Learners sometimes confuse the two when they are looking for more than just a definition. Furthermore, in the digital age, مترجمِ آنلاین (online translator) like Google Translate is an alternative people often use instead of a دیکشنری, though they serve different purposes. A dictionary builds vocabulary; a translator converts sentences.

آیا این دیکشنری مترادف‌ها را هم نشان می‌دهد؟ (Does this dictionary also show synonyms?)

In summary, while دیکشنری is your best friend for daily use, keep فرهنگ and واژه‌نامه in your back pocket for when you want to sound more like a literary scholar. The evolution of these terms reflects the history of Iran's engagement with the world—from classical Persian lexicography to modern international language learning. Understanding these nuances will not only improve your vocabulary but also your cultural intelligence within the Persian-speaking world.

بهترین فرهنگِ لغتِ فارسی به فارسی کدام است؟ (What is the best Persian-to-Persian dictionary?)

من همیشه دیکشنری را با خودم به کتابخانه می‌برم. (I always take the dictionary with me to the library.)

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

Despite being a loanword, 'دیکشنری' is often preferred over the native 'فرهنگ لغت' by young Iranians because it sounds 'cooler' and more international.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /dɪkʃənəri/

US /ˈdɪkʃəˌnɛri/

The primary stress in Persian is usually on the last syllable: dik-sha-na-RI.

Reimt sich auf

بستنی (Bastani - Ice cream) صندلی (Sandali - Chair) رفتنی (Raftani - Leaving) خواندنی (Khandani - Readable) دیدنی (Didani - Worth seeing) مهمانی (Mehmanic - Party) ایرانی (Irani - Iranian) ارزانی (Arzani - Cheapness)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing it 'dik-shon-ari' (like some English dialects). In Persian, it is always 'dik-sha-na-ri'.
Missing the 'sh' (ش) sound.
Putting stress on the first syllable (English style).
Forgetting the 'ye' glide when adding Ezafe.
Confusing the 'i' ending with a 'ye' consonant.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 1/5

Very easy to read as it is a phonetic loanword.

Schreiben 2/5

Requires remembering the 'sh' (ش) and 'y' (ی) placement.

Sprechen 1/5

Pronunciation is almost identical to English.

Hören 1/5

Easily recognizable in conversation.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

کتاب (Book) لغت (Word) مداد (Pencil) میز (Table) خواندن (Reading)

Als Nächstes lernen

فرهنگ لغت (Formal Dictionary) معنی (Meaning) مترادف (Synonym) متضاد (Antonym) جمله (Sentence)

Fortgeschritten

ریشه‌شناسی (Etymology) فرهنگ‌نویسی (Lexicography) گویش (Dialect) اصطلاح (Idiom) پیکره زبانی (Corpus)

Wichtige Grammatik

Ezafe Construction with 'i' ending nouns

دیکشنریِ من (The 'ye' sound is added between 'i' and the next word).

Pluralization with -ha

دیکشنری + ها = دیکشنری‌ها

Indefinite marker 'yek' or '-i'

یک دیکشنری یا دیکشنری‌ای

Object marker 'ra'

دیکشنری را بردار.

Compound verbs with 'kardan'

دیکشنری چک کردن (to check the dictionary).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

من یک دیکشنری دارم.

I have a dictionary.

Basic 'Subject + Object + Verb' structure.

این دیکشنری بزرگ است.

This dictionary is big.

Using a simple adjective after the noun.

دیکشنری من کجاست؟

Where is my dictionary?

Interrogative sentence with a possessive pronoun.

لطفاً دیکشنری را به من بده.

Please give me the dictionary.

Imperative form with the definite object marker 'ra'.

این یک دیکشنری خوب است.

This is a good dictionary.

Using 'yek' (one/a) and the Ezafe construction.

او دیکشنری ندارد.

He/she doesn't have a dictionary.

Negative form of the verb 'dashtan' (to have).

دیکشنری روی میز است.

The dictionary is on the table.

Using a prepositional phrase.

من دیکشنری فارسی می‌خواهم.

I want a Persian dictionary.

Expressing a desire with 'mikham'.

من برای درس زبان از دیکشنری استفاده می‌کنم.

I use a dictionary for my language lesson.

Using 'estefadeh kardan' (to use) with 'az'.

آیا شما دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی دارید؟

Do you have an English-to-Persian dictionary?

Compound adjective 'English-to-Persian'.

او در دیکشنری دنبال معنی کلمه می‌گردد.

He is looking for the meaning of the word in the dictionary.

Present continuous sense with 'donbal-e ... gashtan'.

این دیکشنری خیلی گران است.

This dictionary is very expensive.

Using 'khayli' (very) to modify an adjective.

دیکشنری‌های آنلاین خیلی سریع هستند.

Online dictionaries are very fast.

Plural form 'dikshanari-ha'.

من باید یک دیکشنری جدید بخرم.

I must buy a new dictionary.

Using the modal verb 'bayad' (must).

تلفظ این کلمه در دیکشنری نیست.

The pronunciation of this word is not in the dictionary.

Negative existential 'nist' (is not).

دیکشنری را در کیفم گذاشتم.

I put the dictionary in my bag.

Simple past tense of 'gozashtan' (to put).

اگر معنی کلمه را نمی‌دانی، در دیکشنری نگاه کن.

If you don't know the meaning of the word, look it up in the dictionary.

Conditional sentence with 'agar' (if).

من ترجیح می‌دهم از دیکشنری‌های تک‌زبانه استفاده کنم.

I prefer to use monolingual dictionaries.

Using the verb 'tarjih dadan' (to prefer).

این دیکشنری تمام اصطلاحات عامیانه را دارد.

This dictionary has all the slang terms.

Using 'tamam-e' (all of).

او همیشه دیکشنری‌اش را با خودش به کلاس می‌آورد.

He always brings his dictionary with him to class.

Reflexive possessive '-ash'.

بدون دیکشنری، ترجمه کردن این متن سخت است.

Without a dictionary, translating this text is hard.

Gerund-like use of 'tarjomeh kardan'.

آیا این دیکشنری قابلیت پخش صدا دارد؟

Does this dictionary have a sound playback feature?

Using 'ghabeliyat' (capability/feature).

من این دیکشنری را از نمایشگاه کتاب خریدم.

I bought this dictionary from the book fair.

Prepositional phrase 'az namayeshgah'.

بهترین دیکشنری برای یادگیری زبان آلمانی چیست؟

What is the best dictionary for learning German?

Superlative adjective 'behtarin'.

برای درک بهتر متون کلاسیک، به یک دیکشنری جامع نیاز دارید.

To better understand classical texts, you need a comprehensive dictionary.

Using 'niyaz dashtan' (to need) with 'be'.

دیکشنری‌های تخصصی پزشکی برای دانشجویان این رشته ضروری هستند.

Specialized medical dictionaries are essential for students of this field.

Plural subject with a plural verb.

او در حال مقایسه تعاریف در دو دیکشنری مختلف است.

He is comparing definitions in two different dictionaries.

Present progressive 'dar hal-e ...'.

بسیاری از دیکشنری‌های امروزی بر اساس پیکره‌های زبانی هستند.

Many of today's dictionaries are based on linguistic corpora.

Using 'bar asas-e' (based on).

استفاده بیش از حد از دیکشنری می‌تواند مانع یادگیری شود.

Overuse of the dictionary can hinder learning.

Abstract subject 'estefadeh-ye bish az had'.

این دیکشنری شامل مثال‌های متعددی از کاربرد کلمات است.

This dictionary includes numerous examples of word usage.

Using the verb 'shamel boodan' (to include).

آیا دیکشنری‌ای سراغ دارید که ریشه‌شناسی کلمات را هم داشته باشد؟

Do you know of a dictionary that also has the etymology of words?

Relative clause with 'ke'.

دیکشنری‌های جیبی برای مسافرت بسیار مناسب هستند.

Pocket dictionaries are very suitable for travel.

Compound noun 'dikshanari-ye jibi'.

تدوین یک دیکشنری جامع سال‌ها تحقیق و پژوهش می‌طلبد.

Compiling a comprehensive dictionary requires years of research and investigation.

Formal verb 'talabidan' (to require/demand).

تفاوت‌های ظریف معنایی را فقط می‌توان در دیکشنری‌های معتبر یافت.

Subtle semantic differences can only be found in reliable dictionaries.

Passive voice 'mitavan yaft'.

دیکشنری‌های قرن نوزدهم بازتاب‌دهنده دیدگاه‌های فرهنگی آن زمان هستند.

Nineteenth-century dictionaries reflect the cultural viewpoints of that time.

Compound adjective 'baztab-dahandeh'.

او به عنوان ویراستار در یک پروژه دیکشنری‌نویسی فعالیت می‌کند.

She works as an editor in a dictionary-writing project.

Using 'be onvan-e' (as/in the capacity of).

در این دیکشنری، کلمات بر اساس بسامد کاربرد مرتب شده‌اند.

In this dictionary, words are ordered based on frequency of use.

Past participle 'morattab shodeh'.

دیکشنری‌های دوزبانه گاهی نمی‌توانند بار فرهنگی کلمات را منتقل کنند.

Bilingual dictionaries sometimes fail to convey the cultural weight of words.

Negative modal 'nemitavanand'.

او کل دیکشنری را برای پیدا کردن یک اصطلاح خاص زیر و رو کرد.

He turned the whole dictionary upside down to find a specific idiom.

Idiomatic expression 'zir-o-roo kardan'.

دیکشنری‌های برخط (آنلاین) به طور مداوم به‌روزرسانی می‌شوند.

Online dictionaries are constantly updated.

Present passive 'be-rooz-resani mishavand'.

نقد و بررسی متدولوژی دیکشنری‌های مدرن نیازمند دانش عمیق زبان‌شناختی است.

Critiquing the methodology of modern dictionaries requires deep linguistic knowledge.

Complex nominalized subject.

دیکشنری‌های تاریخی سیر تحول معنایی واژگان را در بستر زمان نشان می‌دهند.

Historical dictionaries show the semantic evolution of words over time.

Using 'seyr-e tahavvol' (process of evolution).

او در رساله دکتری خود به تحلیل گفتمان تعاریف در دیکشنری‌های قرن بیستم پرداخت.

In his doctoral thesis, he analyzed the discourse of definitions in 20th-century dictionaries.

Formal verb 'pardakhtan' (to address/engage in).

استانداردسازی واژگان فنی بدون وجود دیکشنری‌های مرجع میسر نیست.

Standardizing technical vocabulary is not possible without reference dictionaries.

Formal negation 'mo-yassar nist'.

دیکشنری‌های تصویری برای کودکان پلی میان دنیای عینی و انتزاعی می‌سازند.

Visual dictionaries for children build a bridge between the concrete and abstract worlds.

Metaphorical usage.

پدیده 'دیکشنری‌زدگی' می‌تواند خلاقیت زبانی نوآموزان را محدود کند.

The phenomenon of 'dictionary-addiction' can limit the linguistic creativity of learners.

Using a newly coined or technical term.

بسیاری از فرهنگ‌نویسان بر سر نحوه درج واژه‌های دخیل در دیکشنری اختلاف نظر دارند.

Many lexicographers disagree on how to include loanwords in the dictionary.

Using 'ekhtelaf-e nazar dashtan' (to have a difference of opinion).

دیکشنری‌های چندرسانه‌ای تجربه‌ای تعاملی از یادگیری زبان فراهم می‌آورند.

Multimedia dictionaries provide an interactive language learning experience.

Formal verb 'faraham avardan' (to provide).

Häufige Kollokationen

دیکشنری آنلاین

دیکشنری جیبی

دیکشنری تخصصی

چک کردن در دیکشنری

دیکشنری سخنگو

دیکشنری دوزبانه

ورق زدن دیکشنری

خریدن دیکشنری

دیکشنری تصویری

معنی کلمه در دیکشنری

Häufige Phrasen

دیکشنری لازم داشتن

— To need a dictionary.

برای این امتحان دیکشنری لازم دارم.

توی دیکشنری نگاه کردن

— To look in the dictionary.

توی دیکشنری نگاه کن ببین چی نوشته.

دیکشنری دمِ دست بودن

— To have a dictionary handy.

همیشه یک دیکشنری دمِ دستت باشد.

بر اساس دیکشنری

— According to the dictionary.

بر اساس دیکشنری، این کلمه فعل است.

دیکشنری را ورق زدن

— To flip through the dictionary.

او مدام دیکشنری را ورق می‌زد.

دیکشنریِ کامل

— A complete/comprehensive dictionary.

این یک دیکشنریِ کامل و عالی است.

نصب کردن دیکشنری

— To install a dictionary app.

این دیکشنری را روی گوشی‌ات نصب کن.

دیکشنریِ معتبر

— A reliable dictionary.

او فقط از دیکشنری‌های معتبر استفاده می‌کند.

دیکشنریِ قدیمی

— An old dictionary.

این دیکشنریِ قدیمی مال پدرم است.

دیکشنریِ آکسفورد

— Oxford Dictionary.

او همیشه دیکشنریِ آکسفورد همراه دارد.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

دیکشنری vs دفتر (Daftar)

Daftar is a notebook for writing; Dikshanari is for reading meanings.

دیکشنری vs کتاب (Ketab)

Ketab is any book; Dikshanari is a specific type of book.

دیکشنری vs مترجم (Motarjem)

Motarjem is a person (translator) or a translation tool; Dikshanari is for words.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"دیکشنریِ متحرک"

— A walking dictionary; someone who knows many words.

برادرم یک دیکشنریِ متحرک است.

Informal

"در قاموس کسی نبودن"

— To not be in someone's vocabulary/nature (usually about a concept like 'failure' or 'mercy').

ترس در قاموس او جایی ندارد.

Literary/Formal

"حفظ کردن دیکشنری"

— To try to memorize the whole dictionary (often said to someone studying too hard).

نمی‌خواهد کل دیکشنری را حفظ کنی!

Informal

"دیکشنری خوردن"

— To be extremely knowledgeable about words (slang/metaphorical).

انگار دیکشنری خورده، همه کلمه‌ها را بلده.

Slang

"از روی دیکشنری حرف زدن"

— To speak very formally or precisely, like a dictionary.

چرا امروز از روی دیکشنری حرف می‌زنی؟

Neutral

"دیکشنریِ ناطق"

— A speaking dictionary (often used for electronic ones or knowledgeable people).

این دستگاه یک دیکشنریِ ناطق است.

Neutral

"دنبال کلمه گشتن"

— To search for a word (often implying using a dictionary).

نیم ساعت است دنبال این کلمه می‌گردم.

Neutral

"معنی کردن"

— To define (what a dictionary does).

می‌توانی این کلمه را برایم معنی کنی؟

Neutral

"لغت‌بازی کردن"

— To play with words (often using a dictionary for help).

او همیشه در نوشته‌هایش لغت‌بازی می‌کند.

Informal

"به دیکشنری پناه بردن"

— To resort to a dictionary (when stuck).

در نهایت مجبور شدم به دیکشنری پناه ببرم.

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

دیکشنری vs فرهنگ

It means both 'culture' and 'dictionary'.

Context determines the meaning. In a bookstore, it's a dictionary. In a sociology class, it's culture.

فرهنگ ایران غنی است (Culture). فرهنگ معین را بیاور (Dictionary).

دیکشنری vs واژه‌نامه

Both list words.

Vazheh-nameh is usually a shorter list or glossary, while Dikshanari is a full reference.

واژه‌نامه آخر کتاب (Glossary at the end of the book).

دیکشنری vs دانشنامه

Both are reference books.

Daneshnameh is an encyclopedia (facts about things); Dikshanari is about words.

ویکی‌پدیا یک دانشنامه است.

دیکشنری vs لغت

One is the tool, one is the content.

Loghat is a single word; Dikshanari is the book containing them.

این لغت در دیکشنری نیست.

دیکشنری vs زبان

Both related to linguistics.

Zaban is the language itself; Dikshanari is the book for it.

زبان فارسی دیکشنری‌های زیادی دارد.

Satzmuster

من [Object] دارم.

من دیکشنری دارم.

[Noun]ِ [Adjective] است.

دیکشنریِ من بزرگ است.

باید در دیکشنری [Verb].

باید در دیکشنری پیدا کنم.

استفاده از [Noun] برای [Purpose] مفید است.

استفاده از دیکشنری برای ترجمه مفید است.

با وجودِ [Noun]، هنوز [Problem].

با وجودِ دیکشنری، هنوز معنی را نمی‌دانم.

تحلیلِ [Noun] نشان می‌دهد که [Clause].

تحلیلِ دیکشنری نشان می‌دهد که زبان در حال تغییر است.

این [Noun] است.

این دیکشنری است.

من از [Noun] استفاده می‌کنم.

من از دیکشنری استفاده می‌کنم.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

دیکشنری‌نویسی (Dictionary writing/Lexicography)

دیکشنری‌ساز (Dictionary maker)

Adjektive

دیکشنری‌وار (Dictionary-like)

Verwandt

لغت (Word)

معنی (Meaning)

ترجمه (Translation)

زبان (Language)

فرهنگ (Culture/Dictionary)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely high in educational and urban contexts.

Häufige Fehler

من دیکشنری من دارم. → من دیکشنری‌ام را دارم یا دیکشنریِ من را دارم.
You cannot just put two nouns together without an Ezafe or a possessive suffix.
توی دیکشنری جستن. → در دیکشنری جستجو کردن.
'Jastan' means to leap; 'Jost-o-joo kardan' means to search.
دیکشنری‌ها انگلیسی. → دیکشنری‌های انگلیسی.
The Ezafe '-e' must come after the plural marker '-ha'.
استفاده دیکشنری. → استفاده از دیکشنری.
The verb 'estefadeh kardan' always requires the preposition 'az'.
دیکشنری بزرگ. → دیکشنریِ بزرگ.
Missing the Ezafe between the noun and the adjective.

Tipps

The Glide 'Ye'

Always add a 'y' sound when saying 'my dictionary' (dikshanari-ye man). It makes you sound like a native.

Monolingual First

Once you reach B1, try using a Persian-to-Persian dictionary to avoid translating in your head.

Respect the Classics

If you talk to an older Persian scholar, mention 'Dehkhoda' instead of 'دیکشنری' to show respect for their heritage.

Offline Apps

Download an offline dictionary app for when you don't have internet access while traveling in Iran.

Synonym Variety

Use 'vazheh-nameh' when referring to a small list of words at the end of a chapter.

Stress it Right

Put the emphasis on the very last syllable 'RI' to sound more natural in Persian.

Script Check

Make sure the 'sh' (ش) has three dots above it. If you forget them, it becomes 's' (س).

Listen for 'Farhang'

In news or formal speeches, listen for 'farhang-e loghat' instead of 'دیکشنری'.

Daily Look-up

Look up one random word in your 'دیکشنری' every morning to build a habit.

Context over Definition

Always look at the example sentences in the dictionary, not just the single-word translation.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Dictionary' but add a Persian 'i' (ee) at the end. It's the same tool, just with a Persian hat!

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine an 'Oxford' dictionary book with a small Persian flag bookmark inside it.

Word Web

Ketab (Book) Loghat (Word) Ma'ni (Meaning) Tarjomeh (Translation) Zaban (Language) Amoozesh (Education) App (Application) Aksford (Oxford)

Herausforderung

Try to find 5 items in your room and look up their Persian names in a دیکشنری today.

Wortherkunft

Borrowed from the English word 'dictionary' during the 20th century as modern education expanded in Iran. It replaced or supplemented older Arabic and Persian terms.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: A book of words.

Indo-European (Loanword from Germanic/Latin branch into Indo-Iranian).

Kultureller Kontext

No specific sensitivities; the word is neutral and universally used.

English speakers will find this word very easy to use, but should be careful not to use it for 'encyclopedia' (which is 'daneshnameh').

Loghat-nameh Dehkhoda (The most famous Persian dictionary) Farhang-e Mo'in (A standard reference) Fastodic (The most popular modern Persian dictionary app)

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

At a Bookstore

ببخشید، بخش دیکشنری‌ها کجاست؟
دیکشنری انگلیسی به فارسی دارید؟
قیمت این دیکشنری چقدر است؟
دیکشنریِ جدیدتری هم دارید؟

In a Classroom

می‌توانم از دیکشنری استفاده کنم؟
دیکشنری‌ات را به من می‌دهی؟
این کلمه در دیکشنری نیست.
استاد، کدام دیکشنری بهتر است؟

Using an App

این دیکشنری آفلاین کار می‌کند؟
دیکشنری را آپدیت کردم.
تلفظش را توی دیکشنری گوش بده.
دیکشنریِ گوشی‌ام خراب شده.

Doing Homework

باید معنی این‌ها را در دیکشنری پیدا کنم.
بدون دیکشنری نمی‌توانم ترجمه کنم.
دیکشنری‌ام را در مدرسه جا گذاشتم.
این دیکشنری خیلی کاربردی است.

Talking about Language

او مثل یک دیکشنری متحرک است.
من به دیکشنری وابسته هستم.
دیکشنری‌های تک‌زبانه سخت هستند.
فرهنگ لغت دهخدا خیلی بزرگ است.

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا شما ترجیح می‌دهید از دیکشنری کاغذی استفاده کنید یا اپلیکیشن؟"

"بهترین دیکشنری که تا به حال داشته‌اید کدام است؟"

"فکر می‌کنید دیکشنری‌های آنلاین جای کتاب‌های قدیمی را می‌گیرند؟"

"چقدر در روز از دیکشنری استفاده می‌کنید؟"

"آیا تا به حال کلمه‌ای را در دیکشنری پیدا نکرده‌اید؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره اولین دیکشنری که خریدید و حسی که داشتید بنویسید.

چرا داشتن یک دیکشنری خوب برای یادگیری زبان ضروری است؟

تفاوت‌های یک دیکشنری آنلاین و یک دیکشنری کاغذی را بنویسید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک دیکشنری برای خودتان بسازید، چه کلماتی در آن می‌گذاشتید؟

نقش دیکشنری در زندگی روزمره شما چیست؟

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is widely accepted but considered slightly more informal or modern than 'فرهنگ لغت'. In a casual conversation or a language class, it is the standard term. In a formal academic paper, you might prefer 'فرهنگ لغت'.

You can say 'در دیکشنری چک کردن' (to check in the dictionary) or 'در دیکشنری دنبال کلمه گشتن' (to look for a word in the dictionary). There is no single verb for 'look up'.

Fastodic is the most popular one in Iran. Others include Abadis and the Vajehyab website for Persian-to-Persian definitions.

No, it refers to physical books, mobile apps, and online websites. It is a general term for the resource, regardless of its format.

Use the suffix '-ha' to make 'دیکشنری‌ها' (dikshanari-ha). This is the only standard way to make it plural.

No, for an encyclopedia, use 'دانشنامه' (daneshnameh). 'دیکشنری' is strictly for word meanings and translations.

Yes, the 'sh' (ش) in 'دیکشنری' is identical to the 'sh' in 'dictionary'.

The Oxford English-Persian dictionary is so famous in Iran that its name has become synonymous with the tool itself, similar to how 'Kleenex' is used for tissues.

In Persian, it is always pronounced with an 'a' sound (dik-sha-na-ri), matching the spelling 'دیکشنری'.

While apps are great, having a comprehensive 'دیکشنری' is highly recommended for understanding the nuances of Persian grammar and vocabulary.

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