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A1 noun #1,800 am häufigsten 7 Min. Lesezeit

رقابت

beqabat Top 1,800

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At the A1 level, 'رقابت' (reqābat) is introduced as a basic noun to describe sports and games. Learners should focus on the simple idea of 'trying to win'. At this stage, you only need to know that it means 'competition'. You will mostly see it in sentences like 'We have a competition' or 'I like competition'. The grammar is kept simple, usually paired with 'dāshtan' (to have) or 'kardan' (to do). The goal is to recognize the word in a list of hobbies or school activities. It's a great word to learn alongside 'varzesh' (sports) and 'bāzi' (game). You don't need to worry about complex economic or political nuances yet. Just think of it as the energy between two people playing a game of chess or a football match. It's about the fun and the challenge of the game.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'رقابت' in more varied contexts, such as school grades or simple business scenarios like two shops on the same street. You should start using the adjective form 'رقابتی' (reqābatii) to describe things like 'competitive prices' or 'a competitive person'. You'll learn to use prepositions like 'bā' (with) to specify who you are competing against. This level also introduces the concept of 'reqābat-e sālem' (healthy competition), which is a common phrase in Iranian schools. You might talk about how competition helps you study better. You are moving beyond just 'games' and starting to see competition as a part of daily life and self-improvement. You can now form slightly more complex sentences, such as 'There is a lot of competition in our class.'

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At the B1 level, 'رقابت' becomes a tool for discussing social and professional topics. You can describe the 'intenseness' of competition using adverbs and adjectives like 'shadid' (intense) or 'sakht' (hard). You'll encounter the word in news articles about the economy or job market. At this stage, you should understand the difference between 'reqābat' and 'mosābeqe' clearly. You can discuss the pros and cons of competition in society—how it drives innovation but can also cause stress. You might use phrases like 'وارد رقابت شدن' (to enter competition) to describe a company launching a new product. Your vocabulary expands to include 'reqib' (competitor). You can participate in a debate about whether competition is good for children, using 'reqābat' as a central theme.

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At the B2 level, you use 'رقابت' with more sophistication, exploring its role in complex systems. You can talk about 'global competition' (reqābat-e jahāni) or 'monopolies' (enhesār) as the absence of competition. You understand idiomatic expressions like 'reqābat-e tangātang' (neck-and-neck). In writing, you can analyze how competition affects the quality of services. You are comfortable using the word in abstract contexts, such as the competition between different ideas or cultural movements. You can use the word in formal reports, discussing 'competitive advantage' (maziyat-e reqābatii). Your ability to nuance the word—distinguishing between 'constructive' and 'destructive' competition—shows your progressing fluency. You can read editorial pieces in Persian newspapers that use 'reqābat' to describe geopolitical shifts.

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At the C1 level, 'رقابت' is used to discuss deep philosophical, psychological, and strategic concepts. You can analyze the 'psychology of competition' and its impact on mental health. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its usage in classical Persian literature versus modern media. You can use 'reqābat' to describe subtle power dynamics in a workplace or political arena. Your vocabulary includes highly formal synonyms like 'هماوردی' (ham-āvardi). You can write a thesis-level argument on how 'reqābat' shapes the identity of a nation or a brand. You are sensitive to the cultural baggage of the word in Iran, such as its relation to 'social face' and 'prestige'. You can follow complex academic lectures on 'game theory' (nazariye-ye bāzi-hā) where 'reqābat' is a core variable.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'رقابت' is near-native. You can use the word with absolute precision in any context, from a high-stakes legal contract to a poetic masterpiece. You can play with the word's connotations, using it ironically or metaphorically in ways that reflect a deep understanding of Persian culture and history. You can critique the role of competition in neoliberalism or compare it with traditional Iranian values of 'fotovvat' (chivalry/generosity) which often contrast with raw competition. You understand the most obscure idioms and can create your own based on the root. You can navigate the most complex linguistic structures involving 'reqābat', such as passive constructions in formal legal Persian. Your use of the word is not just about communication, but about expressing subtle shades of meaning and intent.

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رقابت in 30 Sekunden

رقابت (Reqābat) is the Persian word for competition, used in sports, business, and daily life to describe striving for success.
It is a noun that often forms the compound verb 'reqābat kardan' (to compete), typically used with the preposition 'bā' (with).
While similar to 'mosābeqe' (match/race), 'reqābat' refers to the abstract concept or ongoing state of rivalry rather than a single event.
Culturally, it can be positive (driving excellence) or negative (linked to social envy), depending on the context and adjectives used.

The word رقابت (reqābat) is a fundamental concept in Persian that translates to 'competition' or 'rivalry'. At its core, it describes the dynamic where two or more parties strive for the same goal, where the success of one often implies a challenge to the other. In Persian culture, competition is seen as a double-edged sword: it is the engine of progress and excellence, but if taken to extremes, it can lead to 'cheshm-o-ham-cheshmi' (negative social rivalry).

Root Origin: Derived from the Arabic root R-Q-B, which relates to watching, guarding, or observing. In competition, rivals constantly 'watch' each other's moves.

در دنیای امروز، رقابت بین شرکت‌های بزرگ تکنولوژی بسیار شدید است.

Example: Competition in the tech world.

Understanding this word requires looking at its various shades. It isn't just about sports; it's about the 'spirit of striving'. Whether it's students competing for the top rank in the 'Konkur' (national entrance exam) or businesses fighting for market share in the Grand Bazaar of Tehran, 'reqābat' is the driving force. It is often paired with the verb 'kardan' (to do/make) to form 'reqābat kardan' (to compete).

Semantic Range: It covers everything from global geopolitical rivalries to two siblings playing a board game.

ورزشکاران برای کسب مدال طلا با هم رقابت می‌کنند.

In a philosophical sense, Persian literature sometimes discusses the competition between the heart and the mind, or the lover competing with others for the beloved's attention. This poetic usage adds a layer of depth to what might otherwise be a dry economic term. The intensity of competition can be described using adjectives like 'shadid' (intense), 'salem' (healthy), or 'nā-salem' (unhealthy/unfair).

ما به دنبال یک رقابت سازنده هستیم.

Social Context: In Iran, academic competition is extremely high due to limited seats in top universities.

این بازار فضای کافی برای رقابت ندارد.

Using رقابت correctly involves understanding its grammatical collocations. Most commonly, it functions as the noun in the compound verb رقابت کردن (to compete). When you want to say 'compete with someone', you use the preposition با (bā). For example, 'Man bā u reqābat mikonam' (I compete with him/her).

Common Verbs: رقابت کردن (to compete), رقابت داشتن (to have a rivalry), وارد رقابت شدن (to enter a competition).

آن‌ها از سال‌ها پیش با هم رقابت دارند.

When describing the nature of the competition, Persian speakers use specific adjectives. 'Reqābat-e tangātang' is a beautiful idiomatic expression meaning a 'neck-and-neck competition' or a very close race. If the competition is fierce and perhaps a bit cutthroat, you might hear 'reqābat-e khonin' (bloody competition - metaphorical) or 'reqābat-e shadid'.

Prepositions: با (with) for the opponent, بر سرِ (over/for) for the prize/object of competition.

کشورها بر سر منابع انرژی با هم رقابت می‌کنند.

In formal writing, you will see 'reqābat' used in economic reports. Phrases like 'adam-e reqābat' (lack of competition/monopoly) or 'fazā-ye reqābatii' (competitive atmosphere) are standard. If you are writing a business proposal in Persian, emphasizing 'tavān-e reqābat' (competitive power/ability) is crucial to show that your project can survive in the market.

ما باید توان رقابت خود را افزایش دهیم.

Adjective Form: رقابتی (reqābatii) - meaning 'competitive'. Example: 'gheymat-e reqābatii' (competitive price).

این یک بازار کاملاً رقابتی است.

You will encounter رقابت in almost every facet of Iranian life. On the evening news, the 'khabar-e varzeshi' (sports news) will use it to describe the league standings. In the business section, analysts discuss 'reqābat-e arzi' (currency competition) or how local manufacturers are struggling with 'reqābat-e kālāhā-ye khāreji' (competition from foreign goods).

Media & News: Used daily in political analysis, sports commentary, and economic reports.

گزارش‌ها نشان‌دهنده رقابت شدید در انتخابات است.

In educational settings, teachers often talk about 'reqābat-e sālem' (healthy competition) among students to encourage them to study harder without becoming hostile toward their peers. If you visit a university campus, especially during the 'Konkur' season, the air is thick with the pressure of competition. Parents might say, 'In ruzhā reqābat barāye dāneshgāh kheyli sakht shode' (These days, competition for university has become very hard).

Everyday Conversation: Used when talking about siblings, prices at the store, or even who can cook a better 'Ghormeh Sabzi'.

بین دو برادر همیشه رقابت وجود دارد.

In the world of Persian cinema and art, 'reqābat' is a common theme. Whether it's the competition for a film award at the 'Fajr Festival' or a narrative about two rivals in love, the word carries emotional weight. It signifies a struggle for recognition and validation. You might hear an actor say, 'Man ba hichkas reqābat nemikonam' (I don't compete with anyone), implying they are in their own league.

این فیلم در بخش رقابت اصلی جشنواره حضور دارد.

Professional Life: Used in job interviews or performance reviews to discuss how one handles pressure.

شما چگونه با رقابت در محیط کار کنار می‌آیید؟

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing رقابت (reqābat) with مسابقه (mosābeqe). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Mosābeqe' refers to a specific event, like a football match or a race. 'Reqābat' is the abstract state or activity of competing. You *participate* in a 'mosābeqe', but you *are in* 'reqābat'.

Reqābat vs. Mosābeqe: Reqābat = Competition (concept). Mosābeqe = Match/Race/Contest (event).

Wrong: من در یک رقابت فوتبال شرکت کردم. (Correct: مسابقه)

Another mistake is the misuse of prepositions. Learners often use 'az' (from) instead of 'bā' (with). In Persian, you compete *with* someone, not *from* someone. Also, don't confuse 'reqābat' with 'hasādat' (envy). While competition can lead to envy, 'reqābat' itself is neutral or positive, whereas 'hasādat' is always negative.

Spelling Note: The 'q' (ق) and 'gh' (غ) are pronounced similarly in modern Tehrani Persian, but 'reqābat' is always spelled with 'q' (ق).

اشتباه: رغابت (Correct: رقابت)

Furthermore, avoid using 'reqābat' when you mean 'doshmani' (enmity). Competition implies a set of rules or a shared goal, whereas enmity is a personal feeling of hatred. In a business context, your 'reqib' (competitor) is not necessarily your 'doshman' (enemy). Keeping these distinctions clear will make your Persian sound much more natural and professional.

آن‌ها رقیب هستند، نه دشمن. رقابت آن‌ها دوستانه است.

Word Order: In the phrase 'reqābat-e shadid', the noun comes first, followed by the 'ezafe' (-e) and then the adjective.

یک رقابت بزرگ در پیش داریم.

To truly master رقابت, you should understand its synonyms and related terms. Each has a slightly different nuance. For instance, هم‌چشمی (ham-cheshmi) often carries a negative connotation of trying to keep up with the neighbors out of vanity. مبارزه (mobāreze) is more about 'struggle' or 'fight', often used in political or social contexts.

Synonym: مسابقه (Mosābeqe): Focuses on the event or match itself. More common in sports and games.

فردا یک مسابقه مهم داریم.

Another related word is تلاش (talāsh), which means 'effort'. While competition involves effort, 'talāsh' is more general. You can 'talāsh' (strive) alone, but you need an opponent for 'reqābat'. همکاری (hamkāri) is the direct antonym, meaning 'cooperation'. In many modern philosophies, the goal is to turn 'reqābat' into 'hamkāri' for better results.

Synonym: کل‌کل (Kal-kal): Slang for verbal sparring or friendly, competitive bickering among friends.

آن‌ها همیشه با هم کل‌کل می‌کنند.

In a formal or academic context, you might see هماوردی (ham-āvardi), which is a more 'pure' Persian word for rivalry, often used in literature or epic tales like the Shahnameh. Understanding these variations allows you to choose the right word for the right register, whether you're talking to a friend or writing a formal essay.

در این بازار، رقابت جای خود را به رفاقت داده است.

Antonym: رفاقت (Refāqat): Meaning friendship. Often contrasted with competition in Persian proverbs.

رفاقت مهم‌تر از برنده شدن در رقابت است.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Compound Verbs (Kardan)

Ezafe construction for adjectives

Prepositional phrases with 'bā'

Subjunctive mood after 'bāyad' (must)

Noun pluralization rules

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Beispiele nach Niveau

ما در کلاس رقابت داریم.

We have competition in class.

Simple noun usage with 'dāshtan'.

رقابت خوب است.

Competition is good.

Subject + Adjective.

من رقابت را دوست دارم.

I like competition.

Direct object with 'rā'.

فوتبال یک رقابت است.

Football is a competition.

Simple identification.

آن‌ها با هم رقابت می‌کنند.

They compete with each other.

Compound verb 'reqābat kardan'.

رقابت در ورزش جالب است.

Competition in sports is interesting.

Prepositional phrase 'dar varzesh'.

این یک رقابت دوستانه است.

This is a friendly competition.

Noun + Adjective with ezafe.

آیا شما رقابت می‌کنید؟

Do you compete?

Interrogative form.

رقابت برای نمره زیاد است.

There is a lot of competition for grades.

Using 'barāye' (for).

او یک رقیب سرسخت است.

He is a tough competitor.

Introducing the noun 'reqib'.

قیمت‌ها در این بازار رقابتی هستند.

Prices in this market are competitive.

Adjective 'reqābatii'.

ما باید در رقابت برنده شویم.

We must win in the competition.

Modal 'bāyad' + subjunctive.

رقابت سالم باعث پیشرفت می‌شود.

Healthy competition causes progress.

Subject + Verb 'shodan'.

او از رقابت نمی‌ترسد.

He is not afraid of competition.

Verb 'tarsidan' with 'az'.

بین این دو شرکت رقابت است.

There is competition between these two companies.

Using 'beyn' (between).

رقابت ما از دیروز شروع شد.

Our competition started yesterday.

Past tense 'shoru shod'.

رقابت در بازار کار بسیار شدید شده است.

Competition in the job market has become very intense.

Present perfect 'shode ast'.

بدون رقابت، کیفیت محصولات کاهش می‌یابد.

Without competition, product quality decreases.

Conditional 'bedun-e' (without).

او وارد رقابت‌های انتخاباتی شد.

He entered the election competitions.

Plural 'reqābat-hā'.

ما به دنبال یک مزیت رقابتی هستیم.

We are looking for a competitive advantage.

Compound noun 'maziyat-e reqābatii'.

رقابت می‌تواند استرس‌زا باشد.

Competition can be stressful.

Adjective 'estres-zā'.

آن‌ها بر سر قیمت با هم رقابت می‌کنند.

They compete with each other over the price.

Preposition 'bar sar-e'.

فضای رقابتی به نفع مشتری است.

A competitive atmosphere is to the customer's benefit.

Phrase 'be naf-e' (to the benefit of).

او تمام رقبای خود را شکست داد.

He defeated all his competitors.

Plural 'roqabā' (Arabic plural of reqib).

رقابت تنگاتنگی بین دو تیم وجود دارد.

There is a neck-and-neck competition between the two teams.

Idiom 'tangātang'.

انحصار باعث از بین رفتن رقابت می‌شود.

Monopoly causes the destruction of competition.

Causal structure.

این سیاست‌ها رقابت‌پذیری اقتصاد را افزایش می‌دهد.

These policies increase the competitiveness of the economy.

Noun 'reqābat-paziri'.

رقابت در سطح بین‌المللی بسیار پیچیده است.

Competition at the international level is very complex.

Adjective 'pichide' (complex).

او روحیه رقابت‌طلبی بالایی دارد.

He has a high competitive spirit.

Compound adjective 'reqābat-talab'.

رقابت ناسالم به کل صنعت آسیب می‌زند.

Unhealthy competition damages the whole industry.

Verb 'āsib zadan'.

باید قوانین رقابت را رعایت کنیم.

We must observe the rules of competition.

Verb 'ra'āyat kardan'.

او در رقابت با زمان است.

He is in a race against time.

Metaphorical usage.

رقابت‌های ژئوپلیتیک منطقه را بی‌ثبات کرده است.

Geopolitical rivalries have destabilized the region.

Formal academic vocabulary.

مفهوم رقابت در نظریه تکامل جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارد.

The concept of competition has a special place in evolutionary theory.

Abstract academic context.

او از منظر روان‌شناختی به تحلیل رقابت پرداخت.

He analyzed competition from a psychological perspective.

Phrase 'az manzar-e' (from the perspective of).

رقابت برای کسب قدرت اغلب به تنش می‌انجامد.

Competition for power often leads to tension.

Verb 'anjāmidan be' (to lead to).

او هماوردی در سطح خود نمی‌بیند.

He sees no rival at his own level.

Literary word 'ham-āvardi'.

تعدیل رقابت می‌تواند به ثبات بازار کمک کند.

Modulating competition can help market stability.

Formal noun 'ta'dil'.

رقابت‌های تسلیحاتی هزینه‌های گزافی دارند.

Arms races have exorbitant costs.

Compound 'reqābat-e taslihāti'.

او در رقابت با خویشتن به کمال رسید.

He reached perfection in competition with himself.

Philosophical usage.

پارادایم رقابت در عصر پسا-صنعتی دگرگون شده است.

The paradigm of competition has been transformed in the post-industrial era.

High-level academic Persian.

او با ظرافت تمام، رقابت را به رفاقت مبدل ساخت.

With total subtlety, he transformed competition into friendship.

Literary 'mobaddal sākht'.

تجلی رقابت در ادبیات کلاسیک فارسی مشهود است.

The manifestation of rivalry is evident in classical Persian literature.

Formal 'tajalli' (manifestation).

رقابت‌های درون‌حزبی منجر به انشقاق شد.

Intra-party rivalries led to a schism.

Political terminology 'ensheqāq'.

او بر لبه باریک رقابت و خصومت گام می‌دارد.

He walks on the thin edge of competition and hostility.

Metaphorical 'labe-ye bārik'.

رقابت برای هژمونی فرهنگی در جریان است.

Competition for cultural hegemony is underway.

Sociological term 'hezhmoni'.

او از هرگونه رقابت‌جویی بیهوده احتراز می‌کند.

He avoids any kind of futile competitiveness.

Formal verb 'ehterāz kardan'.

ساختار بازار به گونه‌ای است که رقابت را بر نمی‌تابد.

The market structure is such that it does not tolerate competition.

Idiomatic 'bar na-mitābad'.

Häufige Kollokationen

رقابت شدید

رقابت سالم

رقابت ناسالم

رقابت تنگاتنگ

رقابت اقتصادی

رقابت ورزشی

وارد رقابت شدن

توان رقابت

فضای رقابتی

رقابت انتخاباتی

Häufige Phrasen

رقابت کردن با کسی

در رقابت بودن

از رقابت حذف شدن

رقابت بر سر قدرت

رقابت برای بقا

روحیه رقابتی

مزیت رقابتی

رقابت آزاد

شرایط رقابت

دنیای رقابت

Wird oft verwechselt mit

رقابت vs مسابقه

Event vs. Concept

رقابت vs حسادت

Competition vs. Envy

رقابت vs دشمنی

Rivalry vs. Enmity

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"رقابت تنگاتنگ (Neck and neck)"

"چشم و هم‌چشمی (Keeping up with the Joneses/Social rivalry)"

"گوی سبقت را ربودن (To outdo/surpass someone in competition)"

"میدان رقابت (The arena of competition)"

"رقیب دیرینه (Long-time rival)"

"رقابت خونین (Bloody/Fierce competition)"

"در کورس رقابت بودن (To be in the race/competition)"

"از میدان رقابت خارج کردن (To eliminate from competition)"

"رقیب طلبیدن (To challenge a rival)"

"بی‌رقیب بودن (To be unrivaled)"

Leicht verwechselbar

رقابت vs

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

sports

Focus on 'matches' and 'tournaments'.

business

Focus on 'competitive advantage' and 'market share'.

personal

Focus on 'self-improvement' and 'rivalry'.

Häufige Fehler

Using 'az' instead of 'bā' for the opponent.
Confusing 'reqābat' with 'mosābeqe' in sports contexts.
Spelling it with 'gh' (غ) instead of 'q' (ق).
Forgetting the 'kardan' when trying to use it as a verb.
Using it to mean 'envy' (hasādat).

Tipps

Learn the Root

Learning the root R-Q-B helps you understand related words like 'Reqib' (rival) and 'Morāqebat' (watching/care).

Preposition 'Bā'

Always remember to use 'bā' when you are competing WITH someone. It's the most natural way to connect the subjects.

Healthy Competition

In Iran, emphasizing 'reqābat-e sālem' is important to show you have good intentions and value sportsmanship.

Competitive Edge

Use 'maziyat-e reqābatii' in business meetings to sound professional. It means 'competitive advantage'.

The 'Q' Sound

Don't pronounce 'q' like a 'k'. It's deeper in the throat. Practice saying 'req' several times.

Using Adjectives

Combine 'reqābat' with adjectives like 'shadid' (intense) or 'nā-chiz' (insignificant) to add depth to your sentences.

Idiomatic Use

Use 'tangātang' when describing a close game to sound more like a native speaker.

Contrast with Refāqat

Iranians often contrast 'reqābat' with 'refāqat' (friendship). A common saying is 'competition in work, friendship in life'.

Context Matters

Pay attention to whether the competition is about 'winning a prize' or 'market dominance'. The word stays the same, but the verbs might change.

News Keywords

In political news, 'reqābat' is a keyword for elections. Watch for it during election cycles.

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Arabic root R-Q-B (ر-ق-ب)

Kultureller Kontext

Negative rivalry is called 'cheshm-o-ham-cheshmi'.

Wrestling (Koshti) is the national sport where 'reqābat' is most celebrated.

The 'Konkur' is the ultimate 'reqābat' for millions of students.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا شما آدم رقابت‌طلبی هستید؟ (Are you a competitive person?)"

"به نظر شما رقابت در مدرسه خوب است یا بد؟ (Do you think competition in school is good or bad?)"

"بزرگترین رقابت زندگی شما چه بوده است؟ (What has been the biggest competition of your life?)"

"چگونه با رقبای خود در کار کنار می‌آیید؟ (How do you deal with your rivals at work?)"

"آیا رقابت باعث پیشرفت می‌شود؟ (Does competition cause progress?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Write about a time you felt intense competition with a friend.

Describe the role of competition in your country's economy.

Is it possible to have a world without competition? Explain.

How does competition affect your motivation to learn Persian?

Compare 'healthy' vs 'unhealthy' competition in your own words.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Reqābat is the general concept of competition or the state of being rivals. Mosābeqe refers to a specific contest, match, or race. You can say 'The competition (reqābat) is high in this match (mosābeqe)'.

No, it is often neutral or positive. Phrases like 'reqābat-e sālem' (healthy competition) are used to encourage growth and excellence. It only becomes negative if described as 'nā-salem' (unhealthy).

You use the compound verb 'reqābat kardan'. For example, 'Man bā doostam reqābat mikonam' means 'I compete with my friend'.

Yes, 'gheymat-e reqābatii' means 'competitive price', which is a very common term in business and shopping.

A 'Reqib' is a competitor or a rival. It comes from the same root as 'Reqābat'.

No, in Persian, the 'q' (ق) is a voiced sound made in the back of the throat. It is similar to the French 'r' but more explosive.

The most common way is 'reqābat-hā'. In very formal or academic writing, you might see the Arabic plural 'reqābāt'.

It means a very close competition, literally 'tight-tight'. It's like saying 'neck and neck' in English.

Yes, 'reqābat-e khāhar-barādari' (sibling rivalry) is a common phrase.

Yes, it is extremely common in news, sports, business, and everyday talk about school or work.

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