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B1 verb #1,700 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

문의하다

munuihada Top 1,700

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At the A1 level, you might not use '문의하다' often because it is quite formal. Instead, you usually learn '물어보다' (to ask). However, you will see '문의' on signs or websites. At this stage, just remember that if you see '문의' followed by a phone number, it means 'Call here if you have a question'. You don't need to worry about the complex grammar yet; just recognize it as a formal version of 'asking'. Think of it like the difference between 'Ask' and 'Inquire'. You use 'ask' with your friends, but you see 'Inquire' on a business sign. For an A1 learner, seeing this word in a store or a subway station is a great way to start recognizing formal Korean vocabulary. You might encounter it in simple phrases like '전화 문의' (phone inquiry) or '이메일 문의' (email inquiry). It's a good 'passive' vocabulary word to know so you don't feel lost when looking at official information.

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As an A2 learner, you are starting to handle more practical situations like shopping or visiting a doctor. You should begin to recognize '문의하다' in customer service contexts. You might hear a clerk say, '데스크에 문의하세요' (Please inquire at the desk). You can start using it in very simple, set phrases when you want to sound polite in a shop or office. For example, '가격을 문의하고 싶어요' (I want to inquire about the price). While '물어보고 싶어요' is also correct, using '문의' makes you sound more like a competent adult in a professional setting. You should also be aware that this word often takes the particle '에' for the place you are asking at. Learning this word helps you transition from 'classroom Korean' to 'real-world Korean' used in daily transactions and official business.

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At the B1 level, '문의하다' becomes a key vocabulary word. You are expected to use it in formal writing, such as emails to a language school or inquiries about a job. You should understand the structure '...에 대해 문의하다' (to inquire about something) and be comfortable using the humble form '문의드리다' when contacting someone you don't know or a business entity. This level requires you to distinguish between '문의' (seeking info), '질문' (asking a question for knowledge), and '요청' (requesting an action). In the context of exams like IELTS or TOPIK, you will frequently use this word to start a letter or a formal conversation. For example: '입학 절차에 대해 문의드리고자 연락드렸습니다' (I am contacting you to inquire about the admission process). This shows you have a solid grasp of professional register and can navigate social situations in Korea with the appropriate level of politeness.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use '문의하다' fluently in complex sentences and understand its nuances in various professional contexts. You will encounter it in business meetings, legal documents, and advanced reading materials. You should be familiar with related terms like '문의 사항' (items of inquiry), '문의가 폭주하다' (to be flooded with inquiries), and '문의를 접수하다' (to receive/register an inquiry). At this stage, you should also understand the passive and causative nuances that can surround the word in administrative language. You can use it to describe not just your own actions, but the actions of a company or a department. For instance, '해당 부서에 문의하여 확인한 결과...' (As a result of checking by inquiring with the relevant department...). Your usage should be natural and correctly integrated with advanced grammar patterns like '-고자 하다' or '-기 바랍니다'.

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For C1 learners, '문의하다' is a basic tool used within much more complex rhetorical structures. You should understand the subtle differences between '문의', '질의' (formal questioning/interpellation), and '조회'. You might use '문의' in a professional report to describe consumer behavior or administrative efficiency. For example, '고객들의 문의 빈도를 분석하여...' (By analyzing the frequency of customer inquiries...). You are expected to handle the word in highly formal contexts, such as official government correspondence or academic papers discussing service industries. You should also be able to recognize and use idiomatic or highly formal collocations like '문의가 잇따르다' (inquiries are following one after another) or '문의에 응대하다' (to respond to inquiries). At this level, the focus is on the precision of the word choice within a broad professional vocabulary.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of '문의하다'. You understand not only its direct meaning but also the social and institutional weight it carries. You can use it in high-level negotiations, legal disputes, or philosophical discussions about communication. You might analyze the '문의' process within a corporate structure or critique the way a public office handles '민원 및 문의' (complaints and inquiries). You can effortlessly switch between '문의', '문의드리다', and more obscure formal synonyms depending on the exact power dynamic and context. You understand the historical Hanja roots deeply and can appreciate how this word fits into the broader system of Sino-Korean administrative vocabulary. Your use of the word is perfectly nuanced, appearing in complex, multi-clause sentences that maintain a consistent formal tone throughout.

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문의하다 in 30 Sekunden

A formal verb for 'to inquire' or 'to ask for information'.
Used in business, customer service, and official contexts.
Often paired with '에 대해' (about) and '에' (at/to).
Essential for professional communication and formal letters.

The Korean verb 문의하다 (mun-ui-ha-da) is a sophisticated and formal way to express the act of asking for information, inquiring, or seeking clarification. While the basic verb '묻다' (to ask) is used in everyday casual conversation, '문의하다' is the standard terminology used in professional, administrative, and customer service contexts. It is composed of the Hanja roots '문' (問), meaning to ask or question, and '의' (議), meaning to discuss or consult. Together with '하다' (to do), it literally translates to 'performing an inquiry'. This word is indispensable for anyone navigating formal life in Korea, whether you are asking about a job opening, checking the status of a delivery, or seeking details about a university course. It implies a level of respect and officiality that '질문하다' (to question) or '묻다' does not carry. In the context of the IELTS General Training or similar English proficiency exams, this is the direct equivalent of the formal 'to inquire' or 'to seek information' often required in formal letter writing. Using this word correctly signals that the speaker or writer understands the social hierarchy and professional etiquette of the Korean language. It is most frequently used in the pattern '...에 대해 문의하다' (to inquire about...) or '...에게 문의하다' (to inquire to...).

Formal Inquiry: The act of contacting an organization or official body to obtain specific data or guidance.
Business Etiquette: Using '문의하다' instead of '묻다' shows professionalism and respect for the recipient's time and position.
Semantic Nuance: Unlike '질문하다' which can be a simple question in a classroom, '문의하다' often involves a process or a request for service details.

제품의 배송 상태에 대해 문의하고 싶습니다. (I would like to inquire about the shipping status of the product.)

더 자세한 내용은 관리실에 문의하시기 바랍니다. (Please inquire at the management office for more details.)

채용 절차에 관해 문의하는 전화가 많습니다. (There are many calls inquiring about the recruitment process.)

궁금한 점이 있으면 언제든지 문의해 주세요. (If you have any questions, please feel free to inquire anytime.)

가격에 대해 문의하려고 합니다. (I intend to inquire about the price.)

Using 문의하다 correctly requires understanding its grammatical environment and the social context of the interaction. Since it is a formal verb, it is almost always paired with honorific endings like '-습니다' or '-어요', and frequently appears in its humble form '문의드리다' when the speaker is referring to their own action of asking a superior or an organization. The basic structure is [Subject] + [Object/Topic] + 에 대해 (about) + 문의하다. For example, '환불에 대해 문의하다' (to inquire about a refund). You can also specify the recipient using the particle '에게' or '처에' (to a place), such as '고객센터에 문의하다' (to inquire at the customer center). In written communication, particularly emails, '문의하다' is often used in the opening or closing. For instance, '...에 대해 문의하고자 메일 드립니다' (I am emailing you to inquire about...). It is also common in the passive-like noun form '문의 사항' (inquiry items/questions). If you are the one receiving the inquiry, you might say '문의하신 내용' (the content you inquired about). Understanding the distinction between '문의하다' and '질문하다' is crucial; while '질문' is a general question often seeking an answer to a problem or knowledge, '문의' is specifically about seeking information or services. Therefore, you wouldn't '문의' a math problem to a teacher, but you would '문의' the schedule of a math class to the school office.

Particle Usage: Use '-에 대해' or '-에 관해' for the topic of inquiry. Use '-에' or '-에게' for the destination of the inquiry.
Humble Form: Replace '하다' with '드리다' (문의드리다) when you are the one asking a company or a senior person.
Noun Usage: The noun form '문의' is often used alone in headers or compound words like '전화 문의' (telephone inquiry).

이메일로 문의하시면 24시간 이내에 답변해 드립니다. (If you inquire by email, we will reply within 24 hours.)

예약 가능 여부를 문의하고 싶습니다. (I would like to inquire about the availability of reservations.)

본사에 직접 문의하시는 것이 가장 빠릅니다. (Inquiring directly to the head office is the fastest way.)

You will encounter 문의하다 in almost every professional or service-oriented interaction in South Korea. It is the language of the 'Customer Service' world. When you call a bank, a telecommunications provider, or a government office, the automated voice will often say, '문의하실 내용을 선택해 주세요' (Please select the content you wish to inquire about). On websites, look for the '문의하기' (Inquire/Contact Us) button or the '1:1 문의' (One-on-one inquiry) section. In the workplace, a colleague might tell you, '그 건은 인사팀에 문의해 보세요' (Please inquire with the HR team about that matter). It is also very common in news reports or official announcements, such as '자세한 사항은 홈페이지를 통해 문의하시기 바랍니다' (Please inquire through the homepage for further details). Because it is a B1-level word, it is expected that learners can use it in practical situations like booking a hotel, asking about a lost item, or clarifying the terms of a contract. In the context of exams like TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean), '문의하다' frequently appears in the listening and reading sections related to public services or business scenarios. It is a 'bridge' word that moves a learner from basic survival Korean to professional competency. Hearing this word should immediately trigger a 'formal request for information' context in your mind.

Customer Service: Used in phone menus, chatbots, and help desk interactions.
Official Websites: Standard label for contact forms and FAQ follow-ups.
Workplace: The polite way to refer to asking other departments for data or clarification.

ARS 안내: '상담원에게 문의하시려면 0번을 눌러주세요.' (ARS Guide: 'To inquire with a counselor, please press 0.')

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 문의하다 is using it in overly casual situations where '묻다' or '질문하다' would be more appropriate. For example, asking a friend what they want for lunch using '문의하다' would sound bizarrely formal, almost robotic. Another frequent error is the confusion between '문의하다' and '요청하다' (to request). While they are related, '문의' is about getting information, whereas '요청' is about getting an action performed. If you want to know the price, you '문의'; if you want a discount, you '요청'. Grammatically, learners often struggle with the particle '에 대해'. Some might try to use the direct object particle '을/를' with the topic, but '...에 대해 문의하다' is the much more natural and common construction. Furthermore, failing to use the humble form '문의드리다' when contacting a company can make the speaker sound slightly blunt or unrefined, even if the rest of the sentence is polite. Lastly, avoid confusing '문의' (inquiry) with '논의' (discussion). While they share the '의' Hanja, '논의' involves multiple people debating or talking over a topic to reach a conclusion, whereas '문의' is a one-way request for information.

Over-formality: Using it with friends or family. Stick to '물어보다' in casual settings.
Particle Errors: Using '를 문의하다' instead of the more natural '에 대해 문의하다'.
Humble Form Neglect: Using '문의해요' to a boss instead of '문의드려요'.

Incorrect: 친구에게 점심 메뉴를 문의했다. (Too formal for a friend.)

Understanding the synonyms and related terms for 문의하다 helps in choosing the right word for the right level of formality and specific intent. The most common related words are 묻다, 질문하다, 여쭈다, and 요청하다. Each has a distinct 'flavor' and usage rule. '묻다' is the most basic, versatile verb for asking. '질문하다' is more formal than '묻다' and is often used in educational or structured environments (like asking a question after a presentation). '여쭈다' is the honorific version of '묻다', used when asking a person of much higher status (like a grandparent or a CEO) a personal or direct question. '문의하다' sits in the professional/service tier. Comparing '문의' and '상담' (consultation) is also useful; '문의' is usually a quick check for facts, while '상담' implies a deeper, longer conversation to solve a problem or get advice. Finally, '조회하다' (to check/inquire) is used specifically for looking up data in a system, like checking a bank balance or a tracking number.

문의하다 vs 질문하다: '문의' is for service/info; '질문' is for knowledge/clarification of a point.
문의하다 vs 여쭈다: '문의' is institutional; '여쭈다' is personal and highly respectful toward an individual.
문의하다 vs 조회하다: '문의' involves asking a person/entity; '조회' involves checking a database or record.

선생님께 모르는 문제를 질문했다. (I asked the teacher about a problem I didn't know.)

할머니께 건강은 어떠신지 여쭈어보았다. (I asked my grandmother how her health was.)

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

-에 대해/관해

-고자 하다

-기 바랍니다

-으시- (honorific)

-드리다 (humble)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

여기에 문의하세요.

Inquire here.

'-하세요' is a polite command.

전화로 문의해요.

Inquire by phone.

'-로' indicates the means or method.

문의는 1번입니다.

For inquiries, it's number 1.

'문의' is used as a noun here.

이메일로 문의하세요.

Inquire by email.

'-로' indicates the medium.

어디에 문의해요?

Where do I inquire?

'-에' indicates the destination.

관리실에 문의하세요.

Inquire at the management office.

'-에' indicates the location.

문의가 많아요.

There are many inquiries.

'많다' means to be many/much.

나중에 문의할게요.

I will inquire later.

'-ㄹ게요' indicates a future promise.

가격을 문의하고 싶어요.

I want to inquire about the price.

'-고 싶다' expresses desire.

자세한 내용은 데스크에 문의하세요.

Inquire at the desk for details.

'자세한 내용' means detailed content.

언제든지 문의해 주세요.

Please inquire anytime.

'-해 주다' means to do something for someone.

인터넷으로 문의할 수 있어요.

You can inquire via the internet.

'-ㄹ 수 있다' expresses possibility.

직원에게 직접 문의했습니다.

I inquired directly to the staff.

'-에게' indicates the person being asked.

문의하기 전에 확인하세요.

Please check before inquiring.

'-기 전에' means before doing something.

무엇을 문의하시겠습니까?

What would you like to inquire about?

'-시겠습니까' is a very formal question.

어제 고객센터에 문의했어요.

I inquired at the customer center yesterday.

Past tense '-았/었어요'.

입학 절차에 대해 문의드리고 싶습니다.

I would like to inquire about the admission process.

'문의드리다' is the humble form.

제품 결함에 대해 문의하려고 전화했습니다.

I called to inquire about a product defect.

'-려고' indicates intention.

더 궁금하신 점은 이메일로 문의 바랍니다.

Please inquire by email for further questions.

'바라다' means to hope or request.

배송 지연에 대해 문의하는 사람이 많습니다.

There are many people inquiring about delivery delays.

'-는' is a present noun modifier.

홈페이지 게시판에 문의를 남겨 주세요.

Please leave an inquiry on the website bulletin board.

'남기다' means to leave (something).

근무 조건에 대해 문의해도 될까요?

May I inquire about the working conditions?

'-아/어도 되다' asks for permission.

예약 취소 방법을 문의하러 왔습니다.

I came to inquire about how to cancel a reservation.

'-러 오다' means to come in order to.

상담원에게 문의하시면 친절히 안내해 드립니다.

If you inquire with a counselor, they will guide you kindly.

'-시면' is the honorific conditional.

추가 비용 발생 여부를 반드시 문의해야 합니다.

You must inquire whether additional costs will occur.

'-어야 하다' expresses obligation.

해당 부서에 문의한 결과, 재고가 없다고 합니다.

As a result of inquiring with the department, they say there is no stock.

'-ㄴ 결과' indicates the result of an action.

사용법을 문의하는 전화가 빗발치고 있습니다.

Calls inquiring about how to use it are pouring in.

'빗발치다' is an idiom for 'pouring in'.

문의 사항이 있으시면 언제든지 연락 주시기 바랍니다.

If you have any inquiries, please feel free to contact us anytime.

'-기 바랍니다' is a formal request.

개인 정보 보호 정책에 대해 문의하고자 합니다.

I intend to inquire about the privacy policy.

'-고자 하다' is a formal expression of intent.

문의하신 내용은 담당자에게 전달되었습니다.

The content you inquired about has been delivered to the person in charge.

Passive '전달되다'.

직접 방문하여 문의하는 것이 가장 확실합니다.

Inquiring by visiting in person is the most certain way.

'-는 것' turns a verb into a noun phrase.

결제 오류와 관련하여 문의가 급증하고 있습니다.

Inquiries related to payment errors are rapidly increasing.

'급증하다' means to increase rapidly.

법적 효력 유무를 전문가에게 문의할 필요가 있습니다.

It is necessary to inquire with an expert about the existence of legal validity.

'-ㄹ 필요가 있다' indicates necessity.

고객의 문의에 신속하게 응대하는 것이 기업의 경쟁력입니다.

Responding quickly to customer inquiries is a company's competitiveness.

'-는 것' as a subject.

정확한 사실 확인을 위해 관계 기관에 문의 중입니다.

We are currently inquiring with relevant agencies for accurate fact-checking.

'-중이다' indicates an ongoing action.

문의하신 사안은 현재 검토 중에 있음을 알려드립니다.

We inform you that the matter you inquired about is currently under review.

'-음을 알려드린다' is a formal announcement.

사전 문의 없이 방문할 경우 입장이 제한될 수 있습니다.

If you visit without prior inquiry, entry may be restricted.

'없이' means without.

기술적 결함에 대한 문의가 잇따르자 제조사가 사과했습니다.

As inquiries about technical defects followed one after another, the manufacturer apologized.

'-자' indicates 'as soon as' or 'because'.

문의 내용을 분석하여 서비스 개선에 반영하겠습니다.

We will analyze the inquiry content and reflect it in service improvements.

'-겠-' indicates future intent.

단순 변심에 의한 환불 가능 여부를 문의하셨나요?

Did you inquire about the possibility of a refund due to a simple change of mind?

'-셨나요' is a polite honorific question.

해당 조항의 해석에 관해 관계 부처에 유권해석을 문의했다.

They inquired with the relevant ministry for an authoritative interpretation regarding the interpretation of the clause.

'유권해석' is a highly technical legal term.

빗발치는 문의에도 불구하고 담당자는 침착함을 유지했다.

Despite the pouring inquiries, the person in charge maintained their composure.

'-에도 불구하고' means despite.

본 사안은 민감한 부분이 있어 서면으로만 문의를 받습니다.

As this matter has sensitive parts, we only accept inquiries in writing.

'-만' means only.

문의의 본질을 파악하지 못한 답변은 고객의 불만을 초래한다.

Answers that fail to grasp the essence of the inquiry cause customer dissatisfaction.

'초래하다' means to cause or bring about.

정책 변화에 따른 혼선을 방지하고자 사전 문의 창구를 개설했다.

To prevent confusion following policy changes, a prior inquiry window was opened.

'-고자' expresses purpose.

문의하신 내역은 데이터베이스에 영구적으로 보관됩니다.

The history of your inquiries is permanently stored in the database.

'-됩니다' is the formal passive.

이의 제기 및 문의는 영업일 기준 7일 이내에 가능합니다.

Objections and inquiries are possible within 7 business days.

'영업일 기준' means based on business days.

문의 절차의 간소화가 고객 만족도 향상에 기여했다.

The simplification of the inquiry process contributed to the improvement of customer satisfaction.

'기여하다' means to contribute.

Synonyme

묻다 질문하다 조회하다 상담하다

Gegenteile

답변하다 대답하다

Häufige Kollokationen

고객센터에 문의하다

이메일로 문의하다

전화로 문의하다

자세히 문의하다

직접 문의하다

에 대해 문의하다

문의가 들어오다

문의를 받다

문의를 남기다

문의를 처리하다

Häufige Phrasen

문의 사항

문의 전화

문의 게시판

1:1 문의

문의 드립니다

문의하신 내용

사전 문의

추가 문의

문의 창구

문의 폭주

Wird oft verwechselt mit

문의하다 vs 무늬

문의하다 vs 논의

문의하다 vs 질의

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"문의가 빗발치다 (Inquiries are pouring in like rain)"

"문의가 끊이지 않다 (Inquiries are constant/never-ending)"

"문의를 넣다 (To put in/submit an inquiry)"

"입을 모아 문의하다 (Many people inquiring about the same thing)"

"발로 뛰어 문의하다 (To go in person to inquire/investigate)"

"문의의 문을 두드리다 (To seek information/knock on the door of inquiry)"

"귀찮을 정도로 문의하다 (To inquire to the point of being bothersome)"

"속 시원히 문의하다 (To inquire and get a satisfying answer)"

"앞다투어 문의하다 (To compete to be the first to inquire)"

"조심스럽게 문의하다 (To inquire cautiously)"

Leicht verwechselbar

문의하다 vs 질문

문의하다 vs 요청

문의하다 vs 상담

문의하다 vs 조회

문의하다 vs 신고

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

avoid

Avoid using with children or close friends.

nuance

It is more formal than '질문하다' and less personal than '여쭈다'.

frequency

Extremely high in professional/official life.

Häufige Fehler

Using it with friends (too formal).
Confusing it with '무늬' (pattern).
Using the wrong particle (e.g., '를' instead of '에 대해').
Forgetting the humble form '드리다' in business.
Using it for 'asking for a favor' (use '부탁하다' instead).

Tipps

Be Specific

When inquiring, state your purpose clearly at the beginning to help the staff assist you faster.

Subject Lines

In emails, use '[문의] 제품 배송 관련' as a subject line to be professional.

Particle Choice

Remember: '-에' for the place, '-에게' for the person, '-에 대해' for the topic.

Humble Form

Using '문의드립니다' instead of '문의해요' makes a huge difference in how you are perceived.

ARS Menus

If you hear '문의' in a phone menu, it's usually followed by a number to press.

Website Tabs

Look for the Hanja '問' if you can't find the Hangul; it's often the icon for inquiries.

Polite Endings

Always pair '문의하다' with '-습니다' or '-어요' in professional settings.

Response Time

Korean companies pride themselves on fast '문의' responses; expect a reply quickly!

Practice

Try writing a fake inquiry email to a Korean hotel to practice the structure.

Context

Don't use '문의하다' when asking your mom what's for dinner!

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Sino-Korean

Kultureller Kontext

Inquiries should be clear and polite, often starting with a greeting before the '문의' itself.

Always use '문의드리다' when you are the one asking a company.

'1:1 문의' is the standard term for private customer support tickets.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"실례지만, 한 가지 문의해도 될까요?"

"배송에 대해 문의하려고 전화드렸습니다."

"문의하신 내용에 대해 답변해 드리겠습니다."

"어디에 문의하면 좋을까요?"

"문의 사항이 있으시면 말씀해 주세요."

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 고객센터에 문의했던 경험에 대해 써 보세요.

새로운 취미를 배우기 위해 학원에 문의하는 이메일을 작성해 보세요.

가장 자주 문의하는 내용은 무엇인가요?

문의를 했을 때 가장 친절했던 곳은 어디였나요?

문의 절차가 복잡해서 힘들었던 적이 있나요?

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, if you are asking about administrative things like grades or schedules. If you are asking about a lesson topic, '질문하다' is better.

In professional emails or when calling a company, it is highly recommended as it shows good manners and respect.

'문의' is for information/services (e.g., 'When does it open?'). '질문' is for knowledge (e.g., 'What does this word mean?').

Yes, adding the particle '를' is grammatically correct, though '문의하다' is more common as a single verb.

Usually '문의하기' or '고객 센터' (Customer Center) is used on websites.

Sometimes, but '불만' or '민원' are more specific for complaints. '문의' is neutral.

No, that would be very strange. Use '물어보다' for personal matters.

It means the office is being flooded with an overwhelming number of inquiries.

Yes, '문의되다' is used when an inquiry is being processed or handled.

You can say '어디에 문의하면 될까요?'

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