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B2 noun #8,500 am häufigsten 12 Min. Lesezeit

반비례

banbirye Top 8,500

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At the A1 level, the word '반비례' (ban-bi-rye) is considered quite advanced because it is a mathematical and abstract term. However, we can understand it simply as a way to say 'one thing goes up, and the other thing goes down.' Imagine a seesaw: when one side is high, the other side is low. This is the basic idea of '반비례.' While you might not use this word in your first few weeks of learning Korean, you can think of it as a special word for 'opposite change.' For example, if you eat a lot of candy, your health might go down. That is a '반비례' relationship. At this stage, just remember that '반' (ban) means 'opposite' or 'no,' like in '반대' (opposite). If you see this word in a book, don't worry too much about the math; just think about two things moving in different directions. It is a noun, so you will often see it with '하다' to make it an action word. Even at A1, knowing that '반' means 'opposite' is a very helpful building block for your Korean vocabulary journey. You might hear a teacher say this when talking about how much you sleep versus how tired you are. More sleep usually means less tiredness—that is '반비례!'

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more Hanja-based words (words based on Chinese characters). '반비례' is a great example of this. The '반' (反) means 'opposite,' and '비례' (比例) means 'proportion' or 'ratio.' In A2, you can start using this word to describe simple everyday situations. For instance, you can use it to talk about how your money decreases as you buy more things. 'Buying things' goes up, and 'money' goes down. In Korean, we say '소비와 저축은 반비례해요' (Spending and saving are inversely proportional). You will mostly use this word in its verb form, '반비례하다.' It is a bit more formal than saying '반대예요' (it's the opposite), so using it makes you sound more organized and smart. You might see this word in basic weather reports or simple news articles for students. For example, 'The higher you go on a mountain, the colder it gets.' This is a classic '반비례' relationship between height and temperature. Try to recognize the '비례' part in other words like '비율' (ratio) to help you remember it. Even if you don't use it every day, knowing '반비례' helps you understand how Korean people describe logical connections between two different things.

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By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '반비례' to describe trends and correlations. This word is very useful for the TOPIK I and II exams, especially when you have to describe a graph or a table. At this level, you should focus on the correct grammar pattern: 'A는 B에 반비례한다.' This means 'A is inversely proportional to B.' Notice the particle '에'—this is very important! You can use '반비례' to talk about social issues, like how the population in the countryside is in inverse proportion to the growth of big cities. It's also common in health and lifestyle discussions. For example, 'The more you exercise, the lower your stress becomes.' This is '반비례.' You can also use the noun form '반비례 관계' (inverse relationship). If you are explaining something to a friend, using '반비례' shows that you are moving beyond simple sentences and are able to talk about how the world works. You will start hearing this word in documentaries, podcasts, and intermediate-level reading materials. It's a key word for expressing the idea that 'the more of this, the less of that.' Practice comparing it with '정비례' (direct proportion) so you can describe any kind of trend you see in a chart or in real life.

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At the B2 level, '반비례' is a core vocabulary item for academic and professional communication. You are expected to use it accurately in written reports and formal discussions. At this stage, you should understand the nuance that '반비례' implies a specific, often measurable, relationship rather than just a general 'opposite' feeling. For example, in an economics context, you might discuss how 'The value of a currency is inversely proportional to the amount of money in circulation.' This requires using the word '반비례' to sound professional. You should also be familiar with the adverbial form '반비례하여' (in inverse proportion to). This allows you to create complex sentences like, 'As the supply of the product increased, the price dropped in inverse proportion.' B2 learners should also be able to use '반비례' metaphorically in social commentary. For instance, you might argue that 'In modern society, the speed of communication seems to be in inverse proportion to the depth of our relationships.' This level of abstraction is exactly what B2 examiners look for. You should also be careful not to confuse '반비례' with '상반되다' (to be contradictory), as '반비례' specifically focuses on the *rate and direction of change* between two variables. Mastery of this word will help you excel in the TOPIK II writing task 53, where you must describe data and trends precisely.

For C1 learners, '반비례' is a tool for sophisticated analysis and rhetorical precision. You should be able to use it effortlessly in high-level academic writing, business negotiations, and deep philosophical debates. At this level, you are not just describing simple 'up and down' trends, but analyzing complex systems where multiple factors might be in '반비례' relationships simultaneously. You might use it to discuss the 'inverse relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability' or the 'inverse proportion of power and accountability' in political structures. C1 learners should also be aware of the more obscure synonym '역비례' and understand why '반비례' is generally preferred in modern discourse. You should be able to manipulate the word into various grammatical structures, such as '반비례적 상관관계' (inversely proportional correlation) or '반비례의 법칙' (the law of inverse proportion). Furthermore, you should be able to detect when a speaker is using '반비례' ironically or as a form of social critique. For example, a speaker might say that 'The number of self-help books sold is in inverse proportion to the actual happiness of the population.' This kind of sharp, analytical usage is a hallmark of C1 proficiency. Your goal is to use '반비례' to provide clear, logical frameworks for your arguments, making your Korean sound both intellectual and highly persuasive.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of '반비례' and can use it with absolute precision and stylistic flair. You understand the historical and mathematical weight of the term and can use it in the most formal academic journals or the most nuanced literary contexts. A C2 speaker might use '반비례' to describe intricate scientific phenomena, such as 'The intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source,' without hesitation. Beyond technical accuracy, you can use the word to explore deep existential or sociological paradoxes. For example, you might write an essay on how 'Human empathy sometimes seems to exist in inverse proportion to the geographical distance between individuals.' You are also capable of critiquing the use of the word itself, perhaps arguing that a certain relationship described as '반비례' by others is actually more complex or non-linear. Your use of '반비례' is integrated into a wide-ranging vocabulary that includes terms like '기하급수적' (exponential), '수렴하다' (to converge), and '발산하다' (to diverge). At this level, '반비례' is not just a word you 'know,' but a concept you can wield to dissect the logic of any system, whether it be a mathematical equation, a market trend, or a human emotion. You can move between formal data description and poetic metaphor with ease, always choosing '반비례' when it is the most logically sound and rhetorically effective term available.

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반비례 in 30 Sekunden

A noun meaning 'inverse proportion,' used when one variable increases as another decreases.
Commonly used in academic, economic, and scientific contexts to describe opposite trends.
Formed by Hanja '반' (reverse) and '비례' (proportion), often used as the verb '반비례하다.'
Essential for TOPIK II and describing data, graphs, or logical correlations in formal Korean.

The Korean word 반비례 (反比例) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe a mathematical or logical relationship where two quantities move in opposite directions. In the simplest terms, if variable A increases, variable B must decrease for them to be in a state of inverse proportion. This word is not just confined to textbooks; it is a staple in Korean news, academic discussions, and even daily conversations when people want to highlight a frustrating or ironic correlation between two factors. Understanding this word requires a grasp of the Hanja roots: 반 (反) meaning 'opposite' or 'reverse,' and 비례 (比例) meaning 'proportion.' Together, they form a concept that is essential for discussing economics, science, and social trends in Korea.

Mathematical Context: In a formal setting, such as a math or physics classroom, 반비례 refers to the relationship y = k/x. As x grows larger, y grows smaller. Students learn this alongside '정비례' (direct proportion) to understand how variables interact in a system.
Social and Economic Usage: Economists often use this word to describe the relationship between price and demand. When the price of a luxury item skyrockets, the demand often falls, illustrating a 반비례 relationship. Similarly, it is used to describe the inverse relationship between unemployment rates and consumer spending.

나이가 들수록 기초 대사량은 근육량에 반비례하여 줄어드는 경향이 있습니다. (As one gets older, the basal metabolic rate tends to decrease in inverse proportion to muscle mass.)

Beyond formal sciences, Koreans use this term metaphorically. For instance, someone might say that the quality of a movie is in inverse proportion to the amount of money spent on marketing, expressing a cynical view of blockbusters. It provides a way to express complex relationships succinctly without needing long-winded explanations. When you use this word, you sound educated and precise, which is why it is categorized at the B2 level of the CEFR. It marks a transition from simple descriptive language to more analytical and abstract communication.

공부 시간과 성적의 상관관계가 반드시 반비례하는 것은 아닙니다. (The correlation between study time and grades is not necessarily inversely proportional.)

Daily Life Examples: Think about the battery life of your phone compared to its age. As the age increases, the battery capacity decreases. This is a classic '반비례' situation that everyone can relate to.

고도가 높아질수록 기온은 반비례하여 낮아집니다. (As the altitude increases, the temperature decreases inversely.)

이 제품의 인기는 가격에 반비례하고 있습니다. (The popularity of this product is inversely proportional to its price.)

In conclusion, '반비례' is a versatile noun that bridges the gap between technical jargon and everyday observation. Whether you are analyzing a graph in a business meeting or complaining to a friend about how your energy levels are in inverse proportion to your workload, this word provides the linguistic precision needed for advanced Korean proficiency.

Using 반비례 correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical function as a noun that often acts as the root for a descriptive verb. The most common structure involves the particle ~에, which marks the standard or the variable that the subject is being compared to. Because it describes a relationship, you usually need two entities or concepts to make a complete thought. Let's explore the various ways this word manifests in Korean syntax, from formal reports to casual observations.

The Verb Form: 반비례하다: Adding '하다' turns the noun into a verb. This is the most common way to use the word in a sentence. Example: '수요는 가격에 반비례한다' (Demand is inversely proportional to price). Note that the verb is often used in the present tense to state a general fact or law.
The Noun Phrase: 반비례 관계: When you want to describe the nature of a relationship itself, you use '반비례 관계' (inverse relationship). Example: '두 변수는 반비례 관계에 있다' (The two variables are in an inverse relationship).

실업률과 소비 지출은 대개 반비례 관계를 보입니다. (Unemployment rates and consumer spending usually show an inverse relationship.)

One interesting aspect of using '반비례' is its frequency in adverbial phrases. You might see '반비례하여' used to describe how one action or state changes as a result of another. For example, '속도가 빨라질수록 안전 거리는 반비례하여 짧아지는 것이 아니라 정비례하여 길어져야 합니다.' (This sentence actually uses the opposite to teach a safety point: As speed increases, the safety distance should not decrease inversely, but increase directly). This shows how '반비례' is often contrasted with its antonym '정비례' (direct proportion).

기계의 효율성은 노후화 정도에 반비례합니다. (The efficiency of the machine is inversely proportional to the degree of aging.)

Using with '관계' (Relationship): You can say '반비례 관계가 성립하다' which means 'an inverse relationship is established' or 'holds true.' This is very common in academic papers or scientific reports.

빛의 세기는 거리의 제곱에 반비례한다는 법칙이 있습니다. (There is a law that the intensity of light is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.)

나의 의욕은 남은 업무량에 반비례해서 떨어진다. (My motivation drops in inverse proportion to the remaining amount of work.)

When writing, ensure you don't confuse the spelling with '반비래'—the final syllable must be '례' (例), meaning 'example' or 'rule.' Mastery of this word allows you to discuss complex dynamics in society, science, and personal life with the precision expected of an upper-intermediate speaker. It is particularly useful for the TOPIK II writing section, where describing graphs and trends is a required task.

While 반비례 might sound like a word trapped in a mathematics textbook, it actually permeates various layers of Korean society. From the evening news to workplace meetings and even in the lyrics of thoughtful songs, this word serves as a shorthand for describing the push-and-pull of life's variables. Understanding where you'll encounter it will help you recognize its importance beyond mere calculation.

News and Media: Economic correspondents frequently use '반비례' when discussing market volatility. You might hear: '주가 지수와 금리는 반비례하는 경향이 있습니다' (The stock index and interest rates tend to be inversely proportional). It is the standard term for describing how central bank decisions affect the market.
Educational Settings: In South Korea's high-pressure education system, '반비례' is a word every student knows. Teachers use it to explain everything from the laws of physics to the 'diminishing returns' of cramming for exams late at night.

뉴스 리포터: '물가가 오르면서 서민들의 실질 소득은 반비례하여 줄어들고 있습니다.' (News Reporter: 'As prices rise, the real income of ordinary people is decreasing inversely.')

In the corporate world, you'll hear it during performance reviews or project post-mortems. A manager might point out that 'the time spent on meetings is often in inverse proportion to the actual productivity of the team.' This usage highlights the word's ability to express criticism or observation in a professional, objective tone. It sounds less like a personal attack and more like a logical observation of a system's flaw.

다큐멘터리: '도시화가 진행될수록 녹지 공간은 반비례 관계를 그리며 사라집니다.' (Documentary: 'As urbanization progresses, green spaces disappear, drawing an inverse relationship.')

Health and Science: Doctors or health influencers use it to explain physiological changes. 'The risk of heart disease is inversely proportional to your daily physical activity level.' This makes the medical advice sound more authoritative and scientifically grounded.

유튜버: '영상 길이가 길어질수록 시청 지속 시간은 반비례하는 경향이 있어요.' (YouTuber: 'There's a tendency for watch time to be inversely proportional to the length of the video.')

경제 전문가: '화폐 가치는 통화량에 반비례하여 결정됩니다.' (Economic Expert: 'The value of currency is determined in inverse proportion to the money supply.')

As you can see, '반비례' is a word that helps Koreans navigate and explain the complexities of the world. Whether it's the cold logic of economics or the messy reality of human behavior, this word provides a framework for understanding how one change triggers an opposite reaction. Paying attention to it in these contexts will sharpen your listening skills and help you grasp the nuanced logic of Korean discourse.

Even advanced learners often stumble when using 반비례 because of its specific grammatical requirements and its close relationship with other similar-sounding words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will ensure your Korean sounds natural and mathematically sound. Let's break down the most frequent errors and how to fix them.

Mistake 1: Using the Wrong Particle: Many learners try to use '와/과' (and/with) because they think of it as a relationship between two things. However, the standard form is 'A는 B에 반비례한다.' Using '와' can sound awkward or technically incorrect in a formal context. Always remember: B is the point of reference, and '에' is the marker.
Mistake 2: Confusing with '반대' (Opposite): While '반대' means 'opposite' in a general sense (like 'up' is the opposite of 'down'), '반비례' specifically refers to a proportional relationship. You wouldn't say 'My opinion is 반비례 to yours'; you would say 'My opinion is 반대' (opposite). Use '반비례' only when talking about quantities or degree-based trends.

Incorrect: 가격과 수요가 반비례해요.
Correct: 수요는 가격에 반비례해요. (Demand is inversely proportional to price.)

Another common issue is spelling. Because '비례' (proportion) and '미래' (future) share a similar sound in the final syllable, some beginners accidentally write '반비래.' Always check that you are using '례' (例), which signifies a rule or instance. Additionally, learners sometimes forget that '반비례' is a noun and try to use it as an adjective directly without adding '적인' or '하다.' You cannot say '반비례 관계이다' as easily as '반비례하는 관계이다' or '반비례 관계에 있다.'

Incorrect: 이 두 가지는 반비례적이에요.
Correct: 이 두 가지는 반비례 관계에 있어요. (These two are in an inverse relationship.)

Mistake 3: Misunderstanding the Logic: Sometimes learners use '반비례' when they just mean 'negative' or 'bad.' If A increases and B also increases but B is something bad (like 'pollution'), that is still 정비례 (direct proportion). '반비례' must involve opposite directions of change (one up, one down).

Incorrect: 나쁜 소문이 퍼질수록 기분이 반비례해요.
Correct: 나쁜 소문이 퍼지는 양에 반비례하여 기분이 나빠져요. (My mood worsens in inverse proportion to the amount of rumors.)

Incorrect: 노력과 결과는 반비례해야 해요.
Correct: 노력과 결과는 정비례해야 해요. (Effort and results should be in direct proportion.)

By keeping these distinctions in mind—especially the correct particle '에' and the strict requirement for opposite directional changes—you will avoid the most common errors made by learners. '반비례' is a powerful word when used accurately, reflecting a high level of logical thinking in Korean.

To truly master 반비례, it is helpful to understand the constellation of related words that describe relationships, proportions, and opposites. Korean has a rich vocabulary for expressing how things interact, and choosing the right word can change the tone and precision of your sentence. Let's compare '반비례' with its synonyms and antonyms to see where it fits in the linguistic landscape.

정비례 (Direct Proportion): This is the direct antonym. While '반비례' means one goes up and the other goes down, '정비례' (正比例) means they move in the same direction at a constant rate. '노력은 성과에 정비례한다' (Effort is directly proportional to results) is a common motivational phrase.
역비례 (Inverse Proportion - Rare): '역비례' (逆比例) is a synonym for '반비례.' '역' means 'reverse.' While it means the exact same thing, '반비례' is much more commonly used in modern Korean. You might see '역비례' in older texts or very specific technical contexts, but '반비례' is the safe bet for all-around use.

비교:
1. 수입과 지출은 정비례하는 경우가 많다. (Income and spending often move in direct proportion.)
2. 수입과 저축은 반비례할 때가 있다. (Income and savings are sometimes inversely proportional.)

If you want to express a similar idea but in a less mathematical way, you might use 상반되다 (to be contradictory/conflicting) or 거꾸로 가다 (to go the opposite way). '상반되다' is more about ideas or opinions being different, whereas '반비례' is about the *rate* of change. For example, '두 사람의 의견이 상반된다' means their opinions are opposites, not that as one person's opinion increases, the other's decreases!

상반되다 vs 반비례:
'결과가 예상과 상반되다' (The result is contrary to expectations).
'결과는 투자 시간에 반비례했다' (The result was inversely proportional to the time invested).

대조적이다 (To be in Contrast): This word is used when comparing two things that look or act very differently. It doesn't imply a mathematical link like '반비례' does. For instance, you could say two brothers have '대조적인 성격' (contrasting personalities).

상관관계 (Correlation): This is the broader category. 반비례 is a specific type of '음의 상관관계' (negative correlation).

반비례 (Inverse) <-> 정비례 (Direct)
반비례 (Specific) <-> 반대 (General)

Understanding these alternatives allows you to be more expressive. While '반비례' is perfect for describing a trend where 'more of A means less of B,' knowing when to use '상반되다' or '정비례' ensures that you are conveying the exact logical relationship you intend. This lexical depth is what separates a proficient speaker from a basic one.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character '反' (ban) is the same one used in '반대' (opposite) and '반성' (reflection/looking back), all sharing the theme of looking or going against the original direction.

Aussprachehilfe

UK ban.bi.ɾje

US ban.bi.ɾje

Stress is even across all syllables, typical of Korean phonology.

Reimt sich auf

차례 (charye) 사례 (sarye) 조례 (jorye) 혼례 (honrye) 장례 (jangrye) 도례 (dorye) 전례 (jeonrye) 실례 (sillye)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'rye' (례) as 'rae' (래).
Adding an English 'r' sound to 'ban'.
Over-stressing the first syllable.
Pronouncing 'bi' as a short 'i' like in 'bit'.
Merging the syllables too quickly without clear distinction.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

Requires understanding of Hanja-based academic terms.

Schreiben 4/5

Must use correct particles like '에' and formal verb endings.

Sprechen 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but finding the right context takes practice.

Hören 4/5

Common in news and lectures, requires quick logical processing.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

비례 (Proportion) 반대 (Opposite) 관계 (Relationship) 증가 (Increase) 감소 (Decrease)

Als Nächstes lernen

상관관계 (Correlation) 인과관계 (Causality) 기하급수적 (Exponential) 수렴 (Convergence) 발산 (Divergence)

Fortgeschritten

한계 효용 (Marginal utility) 탄력성 (Elasticity) 평균 (Mean/Average) 편차 (Deviation)

Wichtige Grammatik

~ㄹ수록 (The more... the more...)

가격이 비쌀수록 수요는 반비례하여 줄어든다.

~에 따라 (Depending on... / In accordance with...)

거리에 따라 밝기는 반비례하여 변한다.

~에 반하여 (In contrast to...)

기대와는 반비례하게 결과가 나왔다.

~면 ~할수록 (If... the more...)

높이 올라가면 올라갈수록 기압은 반비례하여 낮아진다.

~ㄴ다는 점 (The point that...)

두 변수가 반비례한다는 점이 중요하다.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

사탕을 많이 먹으면 건강은 반비례해요.

If you eat many candies, your health goes down (inversely).

Simple use of '반비례해요' to show opposite directions.

공부를 안 하면 성적은 반비례해요.

If you don't study, your grades go down (inversely).

Shows 'not doing A' leads to 'downward B'.

잠이 적으면 피곤함은 반비례해요.

If sleep is little, tiredness is inverse (goes up).

Focuses on the 'less A, more B' logic.

키가 크면 옷 길이는 반비례해요?

If height is tall, is the dress length inverse (short)?

A question form using the noun '반비례'.

돈을 쓰면 지갑은 반비례해요.

If you spend money, your wallet is inverse (gets empty).

Relating spending to wallet fullness.

이것과 저것은 반비례예요.

This and that are inverse.

Using '반비례예요' as a descriptive noun.

인기는 가격에 반비례해요.

Popularity is inversely proportional to price.

Uses the 'A는 B에 반비례하다' pattern.

속도가 빠르면 시간은 반비례해요.

If speed is fast, time is inverse (less).

Basic physics logic for A1 level.

가격이 비쌀수록 수요는 반비례하여 줄어듭니다.

The more expensive the price, the demand decreases inversely.

Uses '~ㄹ수록' with '반비례하여'.

운동 시간과 몸무게는 보통 반비례 관계입니다.

Exercise time and body weight are usually in an inverse relationship.

Introduces '반비례 관계' (inverse relationship).

산에 올라갈수록 기온은 반비례해서 낮아져요.

As you climb a mountain, the temperature drops inversely.

Uses '반비례해서' as an adverbial link.

나이가 들수록 시력은 반비례하는 것 같아요.

It seems that as one gets older, eyesight is inversely proportional.

Uses '반비례하는 것 같다' to express an opinion.

이 기계는 크기와 성능이 반비례해요.

This machine's size and performance are inversely proportional.

Comparing two nouns using '반비례해요'.

실수가 많을수록 점수는 반비례하게 낮아집니다.

The more mistakes, the score decreases inversely.

Uses '반비례하게' (inversely).

배터리 수명은 사용 기간에 반비례합니다.

Battery life is inversely proportional to the period of use.

Standard 'A는 B에 반비례하다' structure.

두 숫자는 서로 반비례하는 사이입니다.

The two numbers are in an inversely proportional relationship.

Uses '반비례하는 사이' to describe the link.

공급이 늘어나면 가격은 대개 반비례하여 하락합니다.

When supply increases, the price usually drops in inverse proportion.

Economic context using '반비례하여 하락하다'.

도시의 인구 밀도는 주거 쾌적성과 반비례하는 경향이 있다.

City population density tends to be inversely proportional to residential comfort.

Uses '~하는 경향이 있다' (tends to...).

빛의 밝기는 거리의 제곱에 반비례한다는 사실을 배웠다.

I learned the fact that the brightness of light is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

Scientific fact using '~ㄴ다는 사실'.

업무의 효율성은 피로도에 반비례하기 마련입니다.

Work efficiency is bound to be inversely proportional to the level of fatigue.

Uses '~하기 마련이다' (it is bound to...).

관심이 커질수록 두려움은 반비례하여 줄어들 수 있습니다.

As interest grows, fear can decrease in inverse proportion.

Abstract psychological usage.

이 그래프는 두 변수가 반비례 관계에 있음을 보여줍니다.

This graph shows that the two variables are in an inverse relationship.

Describing data using '~음을 보여주다'.

노동 시간과 삶의 질이 반드시 반비례하는 것은 아니다.

Labor hours and quality of life are not necessarily inversely proportional.

Partial negation using '반드시 ~하는 것은 아니다'.

물질의 부피와 압력은 일정한 온도에서 반비례한다.

The volume and pressure of a substance are inversely proportional at a constant temperature.

Formal scientific statement (Boyle's Law).

시장의 경쟁이 치열해질수록 기업의 이윤은 반비례하여 감소할 위험이 있다.

As market competition becomes fiercer, there is a risk that corporate profits will decrease inversely.

Advanced economic prediction phrasing.

교육 수준과 문맹률은 전형적인 반비례 관계의 사례로 꼽힌다.

Education levels and illiteracy rates are cited as typical examples of an inverse relationship.

Uses '~로 꼽히다' (is cited/ranked as).

정보의 양은 때때로 그 정보의 정확성과 반비례하기도 한다.

The amount of information is sometimes inversely proportional to the accuracy of that information.

Critical thinking context.

비행기의 속도는 연료 효율성과 어느 정도 반비례 관계에 있다.

The speed of an airplane is to some extent in an inverse relationship with fuel efficiency.

Uses '어느 정도' (to some extent).

근육량의 증가는 체지방률과 반비례하여 나타나는 현상입니다.

An increase in muscle mass is a phenomenon that appears in inverse proportion to the body fat percentage.

Biological explanation.

기대치가 높을수록 만족감은 반비례하여 낮아질 가능성이 큽니다.

The higher the expectations, the higher the possibility that satisfaction will decrease inversely.

Psychological correlation.

이 이론은 두 현상 사이의 반비례 법칙을 근거로 하고 있습니다.

This theory is based on the law of inverse proportion between the two phenomena.

Uses '~를 근거로 하고 있다' (is based on).

인터넷 속도와 사용자의 인내심은 반비례한다는 농담이 있다.

There is a joke that internet speed and a user's patience are inversely proportional.

Colloquial but sophisticated joke structure.

권력의 집중도는 조직의 투명성과 흔히 반비례 관계를 형성하곤 한다.

The concentration of power often tends to form an inverse relationship with organizational transparency.

Political/Management analysis language.

심리적 거리감은 물리적 빈도와 반드시 반비례하여 좁혀지는 것은 아니다.

Psychological distance is not necessarily narrowed in inverse proportion to physical frequency (of meeting).

Nuanced interpersonal relationship theory.

현대 사회에서 정보의 과잉은 사유의 깊이와 반비례한다는 비판이 제기된다.

Critics argue that in modern society, the excess of information is inversely proportional to the depth of thought.

Sociological critique phrasing.

기술의 복잡성이 증가할수록 사용자의 직관적 이해도는 반비례하여 떨어질 수 있다.

As technical complexity increases, the user's intuitive understanding may drop inversely.

UX/UI design context.

화폐 공급량의 급격한 팽창은 화폐 가치와 반비례 관계를 맺으며 인플레이션을 유발한다.

The rapid expansion of the money supply forms an inverse relationship with the value of money, causing inflation.

High-level economic causality.

예술적 가치가 대중적 인기와 반비례한다고 단정 짓기는 어렵다.

It is difficult to conclude that artistic value is inversely proportional to popular popularity.

Uses '~라고 단정 짓기 어렵다' (difficult to conclude that...).

개인의 자유와 국가의 통제력이 반비례 관계에 있다는 주장은 고전적 정치학의 쟁점이다.

The claim that individual freedom and state control are in an inverse relationship is a central issue in classical political science.

Academic political science discourse.

혁신의 속도는 종종 기존 체제의 안정성과 반비례하는 양상을 띤다.

The speed of innovation often takes on an aspect of being inversely proportional to the stability of the existing system.

Uses '~는 양상을 띠다' (to take on an aspect of...).

엔트로피의 증가는 가용 에너지의 질과 반비례하며 우주의 무질서도를 심화시킨다.

The increase in entropy is inversely proportional to the quality of available energy, deepening the disorder of the universe.

Thermodynamic scientific precision.

언어의 경제성은 표현의 명료성과 때로 반비례 관계에 놓여 오해를 야기하곤 한다.

The economy of language is sometimes placed in an inverse relationship with the clarity of expression, often causing misunderstandings.

Linguistic philosophy.

민주주의의 성숙도는 시민의 무관심과 반비례한다는 명제는 오늘날에도 유효하다.

The proposition that the maturity of democracy is inversely proportional to the indifference of citizens remains valid today.

Formal philosophical proposition.

자본의 유동성은 자산의 안정성과 반비례하는 성질을 지니고 있어 투자 시 주의가 필요하다.

The liquidity of capital has the property of being inversely proportional to the stability of the asset, so caution is needed when investing.

Advanced financial advisory tone.

인간의 욕망은 충족될수록 그 가치가 반비례하여 감퇴하는 '한계 효용 체감의 법칙'을 따른다.

Human desires follow the 'law of diminishing marginal utility,' where their value decreases inversely as they are satisfied.

Integration of economic law and psychology.

역사적 진실의 보존은 시간의 흐름과 반드시 반비례하여 희석되는 것만은 아니다.

The preservation of historical truth is not necessarily diluted in inverse proportion to the passage of time.

Sophisticated historical argument.

기술적 진보가 인간 소외 현상과 반비례 관계를 맺고 있다는 기술낙관주의는 재고되어야 한다.

Techno-optimism, which claims that technological progress is in an inverse relationship with human alienation, must be reconsidered.

Complex sociological critique.

예술 작품의 함축미는 종종 서술적 친절함과 반비례할 때 그 미학적 긴장감이 극대화된다.

The suggestive beauty of an artwork often maximizes its aesthetic tension when it is inversely proportional to narrative kindness (explicitness).

Aesthetic theory and formal criticism.

Synonyme

역비례

Gegenteile

정비례

Häufige Kollokationen

반비례 관계

반비례하다

반비례하여

정비례와 반비례

반비례 법칙

반비례 곡선

밀접하게 반비례하다

반비례적 상관관계

반비례 관계가 성립하다

반비례 양상

Häufige Phrasen

에 반비례하다

— To be inversely proportional to something. This is the most standard grammatical structure.

행복은 욕심에 반비례한다.

반비례 관계를 보이다

— To show an inverse relationship. Used when analyzing data or trends.

두 수치는 명확한 반비례 관계를 보인다.

반비례하여 변하다

— To change in inverse proportion. Describes the process of change.

기온은 고도에 반비례하여 변합니다.

반비례 곡선을 그리다

— To draw or form an inverse proportion curve. Often used metaphorically for trends.

매출이 반비례 곡선을 그리며 하락했다.

반비례의 원리

— The principle of inverse proportion. Used in scientific or logical explanations.

지렛대의 원리는 반비례의 원리를 이용한다.

서로 반비례하다

— To be inversely proportional to each other.

시간과 속도는 서로 반비례한다.

반비례 상태

— A state of inverse proportion.

현재 시장은 공급과 가격이 반비례 상태다.

반비례 수치

— Inversely proportional figures or values.

조사 결과 반비례 수치가 나타났다.

반비례 현상

— An inverse proportion phenomenon.

대도시의 인구 집중은 삶의 질과 반비례 현상을 낳는다.

반비례적으로 작용하다

— To act or function in an inversely proportional manner.

스트레스는 면역력에 반비례적으로 작용한다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

반비례 vs 반대 (Opposite)

General term for being against or opposite. 반비례 is specific to ratios and proportions.

반비례 vs 정비례 (Direct Proportion)

The exact opposite. In 정비례, both move in the same direction.

반비례 vs 비율 (Ratio)

The numerical relationship between two amounts. 반비례 is a *type* of ratio relationship.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"행복은 성적순이 아니다"

— Happiness is not in order of grades. While not using the word '반비례' directly, it challenges the idea that happiness and grades are in direct proportion.

행복은 성적순이 아니라는 말처럼, 성적과 행복은 반비례할 수도 있다.

Casual/Proverbial

"빛과 그림자"

— Light and shadow. Used to describe how as one thing gets better (brighter), the negative side (shadow) often grows, similar to an inverse relationship.

기술 발전의 빛과 그림자는 반비례 관계와 같다.

Literary

"동전의 양면"

— Two sides of a coin. Used for things that are inseparable but opposite, often behaving like an inverse relationship.

자유와 책임은 동전의 양면처럼 반비례하는 면이 있다.

Neutral

"가까운 이웃 사촌보다 멀다"

— Distances in relationships can be inversely proportional to physical distance.

물리적 거리가 멀어지면 마음의 거리도 반비례해서 멀어지기 쉽다.

Proverbial

"빈 수레가 요란하다"

— An empty cart makes more noise. The amount of knowledge is inversely proportional to the amount of boasting.

지식의 깊이는 목소리 크기에 반비례한다는 말이다.

Proverbial

"올라가면 내려가기 마련"

— What goes up must come down. A simple way to describe the cyclical or inverse nature of trends.

인기는 올라가면 언젠가 반비례하여 내려가기 마련이다.

Casual

"밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기"

— Pouring water into a bottomless pot. Effort is inversely proportional to the result (zero result despite high effort).

노력은 많이 하는데 결과는 반비례하니 밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기다.

Proverbial

"산 넘어 산"

— Mountain after mountain. As you solve one problem, the remaining energy decreases inversely.

문제를 풀수록 기운은 반비례하여 빠지니 산 넘어 산이다.

Casual

"가는 말이 고와야 오는 말이 곱다"

— To get soft words, one must speak soft words. A direct proportion idiom often used to contrast with inverse reactions.

가는 말이 거칠면 오는 정은 반비례하여 줄어든다.

Proverbial

"벼는 익을수록 고개를 숙인다"

— The riper the rice, the lower it bows. Status/knowledge is inversely proportional to arrogance.

지위가 높을수록 거만함은 반비례하여 줄어야 한다.

Proverbial

Leicht verwechselbar

반비례 vs 정비례

Both contain '비례' and describe relationships.

정비례 means same-direction change; 반비례 means opposite-direction change.

월급은 근무 시간에 정비례하고, 자유 시간은 근무 시간에 반비례한다.

반비례 vs 역비례

It is a direct synonym.

역비례 is more archaic or strictly mathematical; 반비례 is the standard modern term.

교과서에는 보통 반비례라고 적혀 있다.

반비례 vs 반비례적

Learners use the noun when they need an adjective.

반비례 is the noun; 반비례적 is the adjective form often followed by '관계'.

그들은 반비례적 관계를 맺고 있다.

반비례 vs 상반

Both start with '반' and mean opposite.

상반 relates to conflicting qualities or ideas; 반비례 relates to measurable trends.

그들의 성격은 상반되지만, 대화 시간과 오해의 양은 반비례한다.

반비례 vs 비례

Learners might drop the '반' and change the meaning entirely.

비례 is a general term for proportion (usually implying direct); 반비례 is specifically inverse.

비례 관계인지 반비례 관계인지 확인하세요.

Satzmuster

A와 B는 반비례해요.

키와 몸무게는 반비례해요.

A는 B에 반비례한다.

수요는 가격에 반비례한다.

A가 늘어날수록 B는 반비례하여 줄어든다.

속도가 빠를수록 시간은 반비례하여 줄어든다.

A와 B 사이의 반비례 관계가 성립된다.

압력과 부피 사이의 반비례 관계가 성립된다.

반비례하는 경향을 보이다.

성적과 게임 시간은 반비례하는 경향을 보인다.

A에 반비례하여 B가 나타나다.

노력에 반비례하여 실수가 나타나다.

반비례 법칙에 따라 ~하다.

반비례 법칙에 따라 거리가 멀어지면 힘이 약해진다.

A와 B의 반비례적 상관관계.

환경 오염과 생물 다양성의 반비례적 상관관계.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

반비례 (Inverse proportion)

비례 (Proportion)

정비례 (Direct proportion)

비율 (Ratio/Rate)

Verben

반비례하다 (To be inversely proportional)

비례하다 (To be proportional)

Adjektive

반비례적인 (Inversely proportional)

비례적인 (Proportional)

Verwandt

상관관계 (Correlation)

변수 (Variable)

상수 (Constant)

함수 (Function)

그래프 (Graph)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

High in educational, scientific, and economic domains; medium in daily speech.

Häufige Fehler

가격과 수요가 반비례해요. → 수요는 가격에 반비례해요.
While the mistake is understandable, the standard grammatical form uses '에' to indicate what the subject is inversely proportional to.
내 성격은 형이랑 반비례해요. → 내 성격은 형이랑 정반대예요.
Personalities are not proportional quantities. Use '정반대' (complete opposite) for traits or opinions.
반비래 (Spelling error) → 반비례
The last syllable is '례' (例 - example/rule), not '래'. Common spelling mistake for beginners.
이 두 가지는 반비례적이에요. → 이 두 가지는 반비례 관계에 있어요.
In Korean, it is more natural to use the noun phrase '반비례 관계' than to use '반비례적' as a predicate directly.
노력이 적어서 결과가 반비례해요. → 노력과 결과가 정비례해서 결과가 안 좋아요.
If both are low (low effort, low result), that is '정비례' (direct proportion). '반비례' only applies if one is high and the other is low.

Tipps

Use the particle '에'

Remember to mark the reference variable with '에'. '수요는 가격에 반비례한다' is the correct way to link the two concepts.

Learn the antonym '정비례'

Learning '정비례' (direct proportion) alongside '반비례' will help you describe any trend you see in data.

Use in TOPIK Task 53

This word is a 'score-booster.' Using it to describe a downward trend in a graph shows the examiner you have high-level academic vocabulary.

Crisp 'rye' sound

Ensure the '례' sound is distinct. It sounds like 'ye' with a very light 'r' tap at the beginning. Avoid making it sound like 'rae'.

Remember '반' (反)

The Hanja '반' means 'opposite.' Whenever you see a word starting with '반' (like 반대, 반사, 반항), think about something going in the opposite direction.

Formal Contexts

While you can use it jokingly, '반비례' is best suited for formal writing, news, and academic discussions.

Don't confuse with '반대'

Use '반대' for opinions and general opposites. Use '반비례' for quantities and proportional changes.

Think of a Seesaw

If you forget the meaning, visualize a seesaw. One side goes up, the other goes down. That is '반비례'.

Context Clues

In news, if you hear '반비례', expect to hear words like '하락' (fall) or '감소' (decrease) immediately after.

The 'Ban' Rule

A 'Ban' (반) on both things going the same way! They must go in 'opposite' (반) ways.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'BAN' (반) on growth. If A grows, there is a 'BAN' on B growing, so B must go down. 'BAN-BI-RYE' is the 'BAN' on both moving together.

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a seesaw (시소). When the left side (Variable A) goes up, the right side (Variable B) must go down. This seesaw motion is the perfect visual for 반비례.

Word Web

Math Economics Opposite Seesaw Graph Relationship TOPIK Logic

Herausforderung

Try to find three things in your room that are in a '반비례' relationship. For example, the amount of ink in your pen and the number of pages you have written. Say it in Korean: '잉크의 양은 쓴 페이지 수에 반비례해요.'

Wortherkunft

Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters). '반' (反) means to return, oppose, or reverse. '비' (比) means to compare or ratio. '례' (例) means an example, rule, or instance.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: A rule or instance of reverse comparison/ratio.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

Kultureller Kontext

There are no major sensitivities, but using it in very casual, non-intellectual settings might make one sound overly formal or 'nerdy'.

English speakers often use 'inversely proportional' only in academic settings, but in Korean, it is slightly more common in general intellectual discourse.

Boyle's Law (보일의 법칙) in Korean textbooks uses this word to describe gas volume and pressure. Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation uses '반비례' to describe the relationship between force and distance. Economic theories regarding inflation and currency value often cite '반비례'.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Mathematics/Science

반비례 함수
반비례 상수
거리에 반비례하다
반비례 곡선

Economics

수요와 공급의 반비례
가격에 반비례하다
인플레이션과 화폐 가치
반비례적 시장 반응

Health/Fitness

운동량과 체지방
나이와 대사량
스트레스와 면역력
반비례하는 건강 지표

Social Issues

도시화와 녹지율
교육과 문맹률
출산율과 경제 성장
반비례하는 사회적 자본

Personal Opinions

기대와 만족의 반비례
노력과 운의 관계
나이와 기억력
반비례하는 의욕

Gesprächseinstiege

"공부 시간과 성적이 항상 비례한다고 생각하시나요, 아니면 반비례하는 경우도 있을까요?"

"최근에 가격이 올랐는데 수요는 반비례해서 줄어든 상품을 본 적이 있나요?"

"나이가 들수록 시간의 속도가 반비례해서 빨라지는 것 같지 않나요?"

"업무량과 창의성이 반비례 관계에 있다고 느끼신 적이 있나요?"

"유명세와 사생활의 자유는 왜 항상 반비례할까요?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

당신의 삶에서 노력에 반비례하여 결과가 나타났던 경험에 대해 써 보세요.

기술의 발전이 인간의 행복과 반비례 관계에 있는지에 대한 자신의 생각을 논하세요.

기대치가 높을수록 만족감이 반비례하여 낮아지는 현상을 직접 경험한 적이 있나요?

현대 사회에서 정보의 양과 지혜의 깊이가 반비례한다고 생각하는지 서술하세요.

자신의 건강 관리 습관 중, '반비례 법칙'이 적용되는 사례를 찾아 기록해 보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, while it originates from math, it is widely used in economics, social sciences, and daily life to describe any situation where one thing increases while another decreases. For example, you can say your energy is in inverse proportion to your age.

'반대' means 'opposite' in a general sense (e.g., 'I am against this plan'). '반비례' is a technical term for a relationship between two changing amounts. You wouldn't say 'My opinion is 반비례 to yours.'

The most common and correct particle is '에'. You say 'A는 B에 반비례한다.' Sometimes '와/과' is used when saying 'A와 B는 반비례 관계다,' but '에' is the standard for the verb form.

Yes, '역비례' is a synonym. However, '반비례' is used much more frequently in modern Korean. You can safely use '반비례' in almost any context where '역비례' might fit.

You can use '반비례하는' (that which is inversely proportional) or '반비례적인' (inversely proportional). For example, '반비례하는 관계' or '반비례적인 상관관계.'

Not usually. For personalities, '상반되다' (to be contradictory) or '정반대이다' (to be the complete opposite) are better choices. '반비례' implies a measurable change in degree.

Because it is a Sino-Korean (Hanja) word used for logical analysis and formal data description. It requires a higher level of cognitive processing than basic descriptive words like '크다' or '작다.'

There isn't a direct slang word, but people might say '거꾸로 간다' (going backwards/the wrong way) to describe an inverse trend in a casual or frustrated way.

Use it when describing a line graph that goes down. A good sentence would be: '그래프를 보면 A가 증가함에 따라 B는 반비례하여 감소하는 것을 알 수 있다.' (Looking at the graph, we can see that as A increases, B decreases inversely.)

In strict math, yes (y=k/x). In general Korean conversation, it just means that as one thing gets bigger, the other gets smaller, even if the rate isn't perfectly constant.

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