emprestar in 30 Sekunden
- Emprestar means to lend or loan, a temporary transfer of items or money.
- It's a common verb used in everyday interactions, from friends to financial institutions.
- Key concept: temporary use with expectation of return; distinct from giving or renting.
- Conjugates as a regular -ar verb; pay attention to pronoun placement and tense.
- Key Concept
- The essence of 'emprestar' is the temporary transfer of an item or resource, with the understanding of its eventual return.
- Scope of Use
- 'Emprestar' applies to both physical objects (books, money, tools) and abstract concepts (time, attention).
Posso te emprestar meu carro amanhã?
- Everyday Scenarios
- Imagine a friend asking, 'Você pode me emprestar dinheiro?' (Can you lend me money?). Or perhaps you're offering, 'Eu posso te emprestar meu guarda-chuva.' (I can lend you my umbrella). Even in a library, the librarian helps you emprestar books.
O banco vai emprestar dinheiro para a construção.
- Financial Context
- In a more formal setting, 'emprestar' is used when discussing loans, such as when a bank lends money to a business or an individual. The terms of the loan, interest rates, and repayment schedules are all part of the agreement when one party empresta capital.
- Abstract Lending
- It's not just about physical items. You can emprestar your ear to someone who needs to talk, or emprestar your attention to a task. This highlights the verb's flexibility in expressing support and engagement.
Você pode me emprestar um momento da sua atenção?
- Reciprocity
- The act of lending often implies a reciprocal relationship or a sense of community. When you emprestas something, you are contributing to the well-being or convenience of another person, with the hope that they might do the same for you in the future.
- Present Tense
- In the present tense, 'emprestar' conjugates as follows: 'eu empresto', 'tu emprestas', 'ele/ela/você empresta', 'nós emprestamos', 'vós emprestais', 'eles/elas/vocês emprestam'. So, 'Ele me empresta dinheiro' (He lends me money). 'Nós vamos emprestar nosso carro para eles' (We are going to lend our car to them).
Eu não posso emprestar minha bicicleta hoje.
- Past Tense (Pretérito Perfeito)
- The preterite perfect tense is used for completed actions in the past: 'eu emprestei', 'tu emprestaste', 'ele/ela/você emprestou', 'nós emprestamos', 'vós emprestastes', 'eles/elas/vocês emprestaram'. For instance, 'Ontem, eu emprestei meu livro para ela' (Yesterday, I lent my book to her).
Eles nos emprestaram o dinheiro necessário.
- Future Tense
- The future tense indicates actions that will happen: 'eu emprestarei', 'tu emprestarás', 'ele/ela/você emprestará', 'nós emprestaremos', 'vós emprestaréis', 'eles/elas/vocês emprestarão'. A common way to express the future is also using 'ir' + infinitive: 'Eu vou te emprestar a chave' (I will lend you the key).
- Imperative Mood
- The imperative is used for commands or requests: 'Empresta-me o teu telemóvel!' (Lend me your mobile phone! - informal 'tu' form). 'Por favor, empreste o seu carro' (Please lend your car - formal 'você' form).
Não empreste a sua bicicleta para estranhos.
- Subjunctive Mood
- The subjunctive is used in clauses expressing doubt, desire, emotion, or possibility. For example, 'Espero que ele me empreste o livro' (I hope he lends me the book). 'Se eu pudesse, eu te emprestaria o dinheiro' (If I could, I would lend you the money).
É importante que as pessoas emprestem ajuda quando necessário.
- Gerund
- The gerund form is 'emprestando'. It's used in progressive tenses or to describe simultaneous actions. 'Ele está emprestando dinheiro para um amigo' (He is lending money to a friend).
- Among Friends and Family
- This is perhaps the most common setting. If you're visiting a friend and realize you forgot your phone charger, you might ask, 'Você pode me emprestar o seu?' (Can you lend me yours?). Similarly, when lending items, you might say, 'Claro, pode emprestar meu livro, mas devolva até sexta-feira' (Of course, you can lend my book, but return it by Friday).
Preciso emprestar uma ferramenta para consertar a bicicleta.
- In Educational Institutions
- Students often borrow notes, pens, or even textbooks from classmates. A common phrase might be, 'Você me empresta a sua caneta, por favor?' (Can you lend me your pen, please?). Teachers might also emprestar materials to students or colleagues.
- At Workplaces
- Colleagues might emprestar office supplies, a stapler, or even a piece of equipment. 'Posso emprestar o seu carregador por um momento?' (Can I borrow your charger for a moment?) is a common request.
O gerente decidiu emprestar os recursos adicionais.
- Financial Institutions
- In banks and other financial settings, 'emprestar' is central to the concept of loans. You'll hear about banks emprestando dinheiro para clientes, whether it's for a mortgage, a car, or a business venture. News reports and financial discussions frequently use this term.
- In Public Spaces
- Even in public spaces like parks or community centers, people might ask to emprestar a ball, a blanket, or some other item. The concept of sharing and temporary use is prevalent.
A biblioteca vai emprestar livros novos aos membros.
- Media and Entertainment
- In movies, TV shows, and songs, 'emprestar' is used to depict characters interacting, sharing, or engaging in financial transactions. Storylines often involve the lending or borrowing of significant items or sums of money.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- One common error is using the wrong verb ending. For instance, saying 'Eu empresto' (I lend) when the past tense is needed, like 'Eu emprestei' (I lent). Another mistake is with the plural 'nós' form, incorrectly using 'nós empresta' instead of the correct 'nós emprestamos'.
Mistake: Eu empresto meu carro para você ontem. Correct: Eu emprestei meu carro para você ontem.
- Pronoun Placement
- In Portuguese, object pronouns (like 'me', 'te', 'lhe', 'nos', 'vos', 'lhes') can be placed before or after the verb, depending on the sentence structure and regional variation. A common mistake is placing them incorrectly. For example, saying 'Empresto-me o livro' instead of the more natural 'Empresta-me o livro' (Lend me the book) or 'Eu me empresto o livro' (I lend myself the book - incorrect meaning and placement).
Mistake: Eu empresto para ela o meu guarda-chuva. Correct: Eu empresto o meu guarda-chuva para ela. OR Eu lhe empresto o meu guarda-chuva.
- Confusing with 'Pedir Emprestado'
- Learners might confuse the act of lending ('emprestar') with the act of borrowing ('pedir emprestado'). If you need to borrow something, you should use 'pedir emprestado'. Saying 'Eu empresto o livro' when you mean 'I want to borrow the book' is incorrect. The correct sentence would be 'Eu quero pedir emprestado o livro' (I want to borrow the book).
- Using 'Emprestar' for Permanent Giving
- 'Emprestar' specifically implies a temporary transfer with the expectation of return. Using it when something is given permanently is incorrect. For example, if you give a gift, you use 'dar' (to give), not 'emprestar'. 'Eu dei um presente para ela' (I gave her a present), not 'Eu emprestei um presente para ela'.
Mistake: Eu emprestei meu carro para sempre. Correct: Eu dei meu carro para sempre.
- Confusion with Similar Verbs
- Sometimes, learners might confuse 'emprestar' with verbs like 'ceder' (to cede, to yield) or 'alugar' (to rent). While there can be overlap in meaning, 'emprestar' is specifically about lending without payment, whereas 'alugar' involves payment for use.
- Pedir Emprestado
- This is not a synonym for 'emprestar' but rather its direct counterpart: 'to borrow'. If someone is 'emprestando' something, another person is 'pedindo emprestado'. For example, 'Eu preciso pedir emprestado um livro' (I need to borrow a book). This phrase is crucial for understanding the complete picture of lending and borrowing.
- Ceder
- 'Ceder' means 'to cede', 'to yield', or 'to give up'. In some contexts, it can imply allowing someone to use something, but it often suggests relinquishing control or a more formal transfer. For instance, 'O governo cedeu o uso do terreno' (The government ceded the use of the land). It's less common for casual lending than 'emprestar'.
Comparison: 'Emprestar' vs 'Ceder'. I emprestei my pen to a colleague. The company cedeu access to the database.
- Dar
- 'Dar' means 'to give'. This is used when something is transferred permanently, without expectation of return. If you give a book as a gift, you use 'dar'. 'Eu dei o livro para ela' (I gave the book to her). It is the opposite of lending.
- Alugar
- 'Alugar' means 'to rent' or 'to hire'. This is used when there is a payment involved for the use of something. For example, 'Eu vou alugar um carro' (I am going to rent a car). It is distinct from 'emprestar' because of the financial transaction.
Comparison: 'Emprestar' vs 'Alugar'. We emprestamos our tools to the neighbor. We alugamos a house for vacation.
- Disponibilizar
- 'Disponibilizar' means 'to make available'. This is a more general term and can encompass lending, but it doesn't necessarily imply a temporary loan. 'A empresa irá disponibilizar recursos para o projeto' (The company will make resources available for the project). It's broader than 'emprestar'.
- Conceder
- 'Conceder' means 'to grant' or 'to concede'. It is often used in more formal contexts, especially when talking about granting rights, permissions, or loans, often by an authority. 'O banco concedeu um empréstimo' (The bank granted a loan). While related to lending, it's more formal than 'emprestar'.
Summary: 'Emprestar' is for informal, non-paid, temporary loans. 'Alugar' is for paid rentals. 'Dar' is for permanent gifts. 'Conceder' is for formal granting, often by institutions.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The concept of lending and borrowing is ancient, and variations of the verb 'emprestar' can be found in other Romance languages like Spanish ('prestar') and Italian ('prestare'), all stemming from the same Latin root.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing the 'm' as a separate sound instead of nasalizing the vowel.
- Pronouncing the 't' too strongly, like in English 't'.
- Incorrect stress placement, for example, stressing the first syllable.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
The verb 'emprestar' is common and its meaning is straightforward. Understanding its conjugation and common phrases is crucial for reading comprehension at this level.
Correctly conjugating 'emprestar' and using appropriate pronoun placement can be challenging for beginners. However, the basic meaning allows for simple sentence construction.
Pronunciation and correct tense usage are key. The verb is frequently used in spoken Portuguese, making it important for conversational fluency.
Recognizing the verb 'emprestar' and its conjugated forms in spoken Portuguese is essential for understanding requests and offers.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Conjugation of regular -ar verbs
Emprestar follows the pattern of verbs like 'falar' (to speak): eu falo, tu falas, ele fala... eu empresto, tu emprestas, ele empresta...
Placement of object pronouns
In informal Brazilian Portuguese, pronouns often precede the verb: 'Me empresta o livro.' (Lend me the book.) In more formal contexts or European Portuguese, they might follow: 'Empresta-me o livro.'
Use of the subjunctive mood
After expressions of doubt, desire, or emotion: 'Espero que você me empreste o dinheiro.' (I hope you lend me the money.)
Use of the conditional mood
For polite requests: 'Você poderia me emprestar seu carro?' (Could you lend me your car?)
Infinitive after prepositions or modal verbs
'Eu quero emprestar um livro.' (I want to lend a book.) 'Ele decidiu emprestar ajuda.' (He decided to lend help.)
Beispiele nach Niveau
Posso te emprestar um lápis?
Can I lend you a pencil?
Simple present tense, informal 'te'.
Eu empresto meu livro.
I lend my book.
Simple present tense, first person singular.
Ele empresta a bola.
He lends the ball.
Simple present tense, third person singular.
Você pode me emprestar sua borracha?
Can you lend me your eraser?
Question form, informal 'me'.
Nós emprestamos nossos brinquedos.
We lend our toys.
Simple present tense, first person plural.
Ela empresta a boneca.
She lends the doll.
Simple present tense, third person singular.
Eu emprestei meu caderno ontem.
I lent my notebook yesterday.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito).
Eles emprestam a bicicleta.
They lend the bicycle.
Simple present tense, third person plural.
Você me empresta seu guarda-chuva, por favor?
Can you lend me your umbrella, please?
Polite request, present tense.
Eu emprestei dinheiro ao meu irmão na semana passada.
I lent money to my brother last week.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito), indirect object.
O que você gostaria de me emprestar?
What would you like to lend me?
Question with 'gostaria' (conditional), informal 'me'.
Eles vão emprestar o carro para nós amanhã.
They are going to lend the car to us tomorrow.
Future tense using 'ir + infinitive'.
Posso te emprestar meu livro de história?
Can I lend you my history book?
Permission request, informal 'te'.
Nós emprestamos nossas ferramentas para o vizinho.
We lend our tools to the neighbor.
Present tense, indirect object.
Ela emprestou o vestido para a festa.
She lent the dress for the party.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito).
Você empresta sua bicicleta para ele?
Do you lend your bicycle to him?
Question, present tense.
Será que você poderia me emprestar um pouco de açúcar?
Would you be able to lend me a little sugar?
Polite request using conditional and 'será que'.
O banco emprestou o dinheiro com juros altos.
The bank lent the money with high interest.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito), financial context.
Se eu tivesse mais tempo, eu te emprestaria meu conhecimento.
If I had more time, I would lend you my knowledge.
Conditional sentence, subjunctive in the 'if' clause.
Eles se comprometeram a emprestar o equipamento necessário.
They committed to lending the necessary equipment.
Infinitive used after 'comprometeram-se a'.
A biblioteca permite que os membros emprestem até cinco livros por vez.
The library allows members to borrow up to five books at a time.
Subjunctive after 'permite que'.
Nós emprestamos o nosso carro para os nossos amigos durante as férias.
We lent our car to our friends during the holidays.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito).
Gostaria de saber se você pode me emprestar aquele livro.
I would like to know if you can lend me that book.
Indirect question, polite request.
A empresa emprestou o seu apoio financeiro ao projeto.
The company lent its financial support to the project.
Figurative use of 'emprestar'.
Ele me pediu para emprestar o meu carro, mas eu hesitei.
He asked me to lend my car, but I hesitated.
Infinitive after 'pediu para'.
O credor estava disposto a emprestar o montante solicitado.
The creditor was willing to lend the requested amount.
Adjective + infinitive construction.
É imperativo que todos contribuam, mesmo que seja apenas emprestando o seu tempo.
It is imperative that everyone contributes, even if it's just by lending their time.
Subjunctive after 'imperativo que', gerund usage.
O governo decidiu emprestar fundos para as pequenas empresas afetadas pela crise.
The government decided to lend funds to small businesses affected by the crisis.
Infinitive after 'decidiu'.
Ela não se arrependeu de ter emprestado o seu conhecimento à equipe.
She did not regret having lent her knowledge to the team.
Perfect infinitive ('ter emprestado').
Os bancos centrais podem emprestar liquidez ao mercado em tempos de instabilidade.
Central banks can lend liquidity to the market in times of instability.
Modal verb + infinitive, financial jargon.
O museu emprestou uma obra rara para a exposição internacional.
The museum lent a rare work for the international exhibition.
Past tense (pretérito perfeito), formal context.
Se ele me emprestar o dinheiro, prometo pagar com juros.
If he lends me the money, I promise to pay with interest.
Conditional sentence, present tense in the 'if' clause.
A instituição financeira se propôs a emprestar o capital necessário para a expansão.
The financial institution proposed to lend the necessary capital for the expansion.
Infinitive after 'se propôs a', formal financial language.
Ele lamentou ter emprestado sua confiança a pessoas inescrupulosas.
He regretted having lent his trust to unscrupulous people.
Perfect infinitive ('ter emprestado'), abstract lending.
O país recorreu a empréstimos externos, ou seja, a outros países que lhe emprestaram dinheiro.
The country resorted to external loans, meaning, to other countries that lent it money.
Clarification of 'empréstimos', past tense.
É fundamental que as universidades emprestem seus recursos de pesquisa para solucionar problemas globais.
It is fundamental that universities lend their research resources to solve global problems.
Subjunctive after 'fundamental que', abstract lending.
A empresa se viu obrigada a emprestar vultosos recursos para honrar seus compromissos.
The company found itself obliged to lend substantial resources to honor its commitments.
Infinitive after 'obrigada a', formal vocabulary.
Considerando a urgência, decidimos emprestar a tecnologia patenteada para acelerar o desenvolvimento.
Considering the urgency, we decided to lend the patented technology to accelerate development.
Gerund phrase as an introductory element, infinitive after 'decidimos'.
O maestro emprestou sua visão artística à interpretação da sinfonia.
The conductor lent his artistic vision to the interpretation of the symphony.
Figurative use, past tense (pretérito perfeito).
Caso a situação se agrave, o governo poderá emprestar apoio logístico às regiões afetadas.
Should the situation worsen, the government may lend logistical support to the affected regions.
Conditional structure, modal verb + infinitive.
A capacidade de uma nação em emprestar sua influência diplomática é crucial para a estabilidade global.
A nation's capacity to lend its diplomatic influence is crucial for global stability.
Abstract lending, noun phrase as subject.
O artista optou por emprestar elementos de sua obra anterior para criar algo completamente novo.
The artist chose to lend elements from his previous work to create something completely new.
Infinitive after 'optou por', creative context.
A história nos ensina que o verdadeiro valor reside em emprestar ajuda aos necessitados, sem esperar retorno.
History teaches us that true value lies in lending help to those in need, without expecting return.
Gerund phrase, abstract lending.
O polímata não se limitava a adquirir conhecimento, mas o emprestava generosamente à comunidade científica.
The polymath did not limit himself to acquiring knowledge, but generously lent it to the scientific community.
Contrastive structure, figurative lending.
A sabedoria popular muitas vezes se manifesta na capacidade de emprestar conselhos ponderados em momentos de crise.
Popular wisdom often manifests itself in the ability to lend thoughtful advice in times of crisis.
Abstract lending, noun phrase as subject.
Em tempos de adversidade, a solidariedade se torna um bem precioso, quando se empresta apoio mútuo.
In times of adversity, solidarity becomes a precious asset, when mutual support is lent.
Conditional clause, abstract lending.
O pianista emprestou sua técnica apurada à melodia complexa, conferindo-lhe uma nova dimensão.
The pianist lent his refined technique to the complex melody, giving it a new dimension.
Figurative lending, past tense (pretérito perfeito).
A política externa de um país frequentemente envolve emprestar garantias de segurança a nações aliadas.
A country's foreign policy often involves lending security guarantees to allied nations.
Gerund phrase, abstract lending.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— Can I lend you...?
Posso te emprestar meu guarda-chuva se estiver chovendo.
— To lend a moment (of time/attention)
Você pode me emprestar um momento para te explicar?
Wird oft verwechselt mit
'Emprestar' means to lend (give), while 'pedir emprestado' means to borrow (ask to receive). They are inverse actions.
'Alugar' means to rent, which involves payment. 'Emprestar' is typically without payment, focusing on temporary use and return.
'Dar' means to give permanently. 'Emprestar' implies a temporary transfer with the expectation of return.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— To lend a shoulder to cry on; to offer emotional support.
Quando ela estava passando por dificuldades, seus amigos estavam lá para lhe emprestar um ombro amigo.
informal— To lend one's name (often to a business or project, implying endorsement or legitimacy, sometimes in a questionable way).
Ele se recusou a emprestar o nome para a nova empresa por desconfiança.
neutral/formal— To lend an ear; to listen attentively and sympathetically.
Se precisar conversar, pode me ligar, eu empresto o meu ouvido.
informal— To lend one's voice (to speak up for someone or something, to advocate).
A atriz emprestou sua voz para a campanha contra a violência.
neutral— To lend one's wisdom; to share knowledge and advice.
O ancião emprestou sua sabedoria aos jovens da aldeia.
formal— To lend one's insights or brilliance (a more poetic way of saying to share knowledge or intelligence).
O professor emprestou as suas luzes para guiar os alunos na pesquisa.
literary/formal— To lend some time; to dedicate time to someone or something.
Ele sempre arranja um jeito de me emprestar um tempo para conversarmos.
informal— To lend one's talent; to contribute one's skills.
O músico emprestou o seu talento para a causa beneficente.
neutral— To lend a drop of hope; to offer a small amount of hope.
Suas palavras conseguiram emprestar um pingo de esperança naquele momento sombrio.
figurative— To lend a smile; to smile at someone.
Um simples gesto de emprestar um sorriso pode alegrar o dia de alguém.
informalLeicht verwechselbar
Both words relate to the transfer of items, but in opposite directions.
'Emprestar' is the action of the person who gives the item temporarily. 'Pedir emprestado' is the action of the person who asks for and receives the item temporarily.
Eu emprestei meu carro para você. (I lent my car to you.) vs. Eu pedi emprestado seu carro. (I borrowed your car.)
Both involve temporary use of an item.
'Emprestar' is usually done without payment and with an emphasis on trust and return. 'Alugar' specifically involves paying a fee for the use of an item for a set period.
Eu emprestei meu livro para minha amiga. (I lent my book to my friend.) vs. Eu aluguei um filme no cinema. (I rented a movie at the cinema.)
Both involve transferring something to another person.
'Emprestar' implies the item will be returned. 'Dar' implies a permanent transfer, like a gift or a donation.
Eu emprestei minha caneta para ele. (I lent him my pen.) vs. Eu dei meu velho computador para a escola. (I gave my old computer to the school.)
Both can involve allowing someone else to use something.
'Emprestar' is typically for personal items and implies a clear return. 'Ceder' is often more formal, implying yielding control, rights, or space, and may not always involve a direct return of the specific item.
Ele emprestou sua bicicleta para o irmão. (He lent his bike to his brother.) vs. A empresa cedeu o uso do escritório. (The company yielded the use of the office.)
Both make something accessible to others.
'Emprestar' specifically means to lend with the expectation of return. 'Disponibilizar' is a broader term meaning to make available, which could include lending, but also offering services or resources without necessarily expecting a physical return of the same item.
Eu emprestei meu carro para minha mãe. (I lent my car to my mother.) vs. A plataforma disponibiliza cursos online gratuitos. (The platform makes free online courses available.)
Satzmuster
Eu empresto [object].
Eu empresto meu lápis.
Você me empresta [object]?
Você me empresta sua bola?
Ele/Ela emprestou [object] para [person].
Ele emprestou o livro para a Maria.
Nós vamos emprestar [object] para [person].
Nós vamos emprestar o carro para os nossos amigos.
Se eu pudesse, eu te emprestaria [object].
Se eu pudesse, eu te emprestaria meu guarda-chuva.
Gostaria de saber se você pode me emprestar [object].
Gostaria de saber se você pode me emprestar aquele livro.
Eles se comprometeram a emprestar [object/resource].
Eles se comprometeram a emprestar o equipamento necessário.
É fundamental que [person/entity] empreste [resource/support].
É fundamental que a universidade empreste seus recursos de pesquisa.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
very high
-
Using 'emprestar' when 'pedir emprestado' is needed.
→
Eu quero pedir emprestado o seu livro.
Learners sometimes confuse the active role of lending with the passive role of borrowing. 'Emprestar' is to lend; 'pedir emprestado' is to borrow.
-
Incorrect conjugation in the past tense.
→
Ontem, eu emprestei meu carro.
Forgetting the correct past tense ending '-ei' for the first person singular. Saying 'Eu empresto meu carro ontem' is incorrect because it mixes present and past time references.
-
Incorrect pronoun placement.
→
Você me empresta o lápis?
In informal Brazilian Portuguese, the pronoun 'me' often comes before the verb in questions. Saying 'Você empresta-me o lápis?' might sound more formal or European Portuguese.
-
Using 'emprestar' for permanent giving.
→
Eu dei meu velho casaco para a caridade.
'Emprestar' implies return. If you are giving something away permanently, use 'dar' (to give).
-
Confusing 'emprestar' with 'alugar' when payment is involved.
→
Eu vou alugar um apartamento por um ano.
'Emprestar' is typically without payment. If a fee is involved for temporary use, 'alugar' (to rent) is the correct verb.
Tipps
Master the Conjugations
'Emprestar' is a regular -ar verb. Practice conjugating it in the present, past, and future tenses. Knowing these forms will allow you to use the verb confidently in various situations.
Understand the Context
The meaning of 'emprestar' is about temporary transfer with return. Differentiate it from 'dar' (to give permanently) and 'alugar' (to rent for a fee). Consider who is lending, what is being lent, and if there's an expectation of return.
Focus on Pronunciation
Pay attention to the nasal 'e' and 'm' sound at the beginning ('em-') and the stress on the second syllable ('pres'). Practicing saying 'emprestar' aloud will improve your fluency.
Learn Common Collocations
Memorize common phrases like 'emprestar dinheiro', 'emprestar um livro', and 'emprestar atenção'. These fixed expressions will make your Portuguese sound more natural.
Know the Opposite Action
Understand that 'pedir emprestado' (to borrow) is the inverse of 'emprestar' (to lend). Recognizing this duality helps solidify the meaning of both.
Practice Pronoun Placement
Be aware of how object pronouns (me, te, lhe, etc.) are placed with 'emprestar'. This can vary between formal and informal Portuguese, so practice both forms.
Explore Figurative Meanings
Beyond physical objects, 'emprestar' can be used figuratively for abstract concepts like time, attention, or support. Learning these idioms will add depth to your vocabulary.
Write Your Own Sentences
The best way to learn is by doing. Try writing sentences using 'emprestar' in different tenses and contexts. This active recall strengthens your memory.
Listen Actively
When watching Portuguese movies or listening to music, try to catch instances of 'emprestar'. Notice how native speakers use it in natural conversation.
Consider Cultural Nuances
Lending and borrowing are often tied to cultural norms of trust and reciprocity. Understanding this context can help you interpret and use the verb appropriately.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine someone saying 'Empresta' (Lend!) with a very 'prestigious' air, like they're offering something valuable. So, 'Empresta' sounds like 'prestigious', and when something is prestigious, you might lend it out carefully.
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a hand holding out a wallet or a book, with a small 'E' symbol on it, representing 'Emprestar'. The 'E' could be stylized to look like a hand reaching out.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to use 'emprestar' in five different sentences today, describing things you could lend or things you might borrow. For example, 'Eu posso te emprestar meu carregador.' or 'Você me empresta um pouco de sal?'
Wortherkunft
The word 'emprestar' originates from the Latin verb 'imprēstāre', which itself derives from 'imprēstus'. 'Imprēstus' is the past participle of 'imprēndere', meaning 'to take up', 'to borrow', or 'to lend'. The prefix 'im-' signifies 'in' or 'into', and 'prēndere' relates to taking or grasping. Therefore, the root meaning relates to taking something in, with the intention of either borrowing or lending.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To take in, to borrow, to lend.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > PortugueseKultureller Kontext
While lending is generally seen as a positive act of generosity, it can also be a sensitive topic, especially when it involves money or valuable items. It's important to be mindful of the relationship between the lender and borrower, and to clearly communicate expectations regarding return and any potential conditions.
In English-speaking cultures, the concept of lending is similar, with 'lend' and 'loan' being the primary verbs. However, the social implications and the frequency of informal lending might vary culturally. For example, lending money between friends might be more common or less common depending on the specific cultural norms.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Asking to borrow an object from a friend.
- Você me empresta...?
- Posso te emprestar...?
- Preciso de um(a)... emprestado(a).
Offering to lend something.
- Eu posso te emprestar...
- Fique à vontade para me emprestar...
- Se precisar, eu empresto...
Discussing loans or financial matters.
- O banco vai emprestar...
- Eles emprestaram dinheiro...
- Conceder um empréstimo.
Figurative lending (time, attention, support).
- Emprestar um ombro amigo
- Emprestar atenção
- Emprestar tempo
Requests in educational or work settings.
- Posso emprestar sua caneta?
- Você me empresta suas anotações?
- Precisamos emprestar alguns equipamentos.
Gesprächseinstiege
"O que você mais gosta de emprestar para seus amigos?"
"Você já teve que emprestar dinheiro em uma situação de emergência?"
"Qual foi a coisa mais inusitada que você já emprestou ou pediu emprestado?"
"É mais fácil para você emprestar ou pedir emprestado?"
"Como você se sente quando alguém não devolve algo que você emprestou?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Escreva sobre uma vez que você emprestou algo valioso a alguém e como foi a experiência de recebê-lo de volta.
Descreva uma situação em que você precisou pedir emprestado e como se sentiu.
Reflita sobre a importância de emprestar ajuda ou apoio a outras pessoas em sua comunidade.
Crie um diálogo entre dois amigos onde um pede para emprestar um objeto e o outro concede ou nega, explicando o motivo.
Pense em situações futuras onde você pode precisar emprestar ou pedir emprestado algo e planeje como lidaria com isso.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 Fragen'Emprestar' means 'to lend', which is the action of the person giving something temporarily. 'Pedir emprestado' means 'to borrow', which is the action of the person asking for and receiving something temporarily. For example, if I lend you my book, I 'empresto' it to you, and you 'pede emprestado' from me.
No, 'emprestar' can be used for any object or even abstract things like time or attention. While 'emprestar dinheiro' (to lend money) is common, you can also 'emprestar um livro' (lend a book) or 'emprestar atenção' (lend attention).
'Emprestar' is used when you are lending something without expecting payment, usually to friends, family, or colleagues, with the expectation that the item will be returned. 'Alugar' is used when you are renting something and paying a fee for its use, like renting a car or an apartment.
You can say 'Você me empresta sua caneta, por favor?' (Can you lend me your pen, please?) or more informally, 'Me empresta sua caneta?'
The most common past tense is the preterite perfect. For example, 'Eu emprestei' (I lent), 'Ele emprestou' (He lent), 'Nós emprestamos' (We lent).
'Emprestar' itself is a neutral verb. Its formality depends on the context and the specific sentence structure used. Using it with friends might be informal, while using it in a financial contract would be formal.
To 'emprestar o nome' literally means 'to lend one's name'. It's an idiom that can mean lending your name for endorsement or support, sometimes implying a risk or a favor, and can occasionally be used in contexts of questionable legitimacy.
The present tense conjugations are: eu empresto, tu emprestas, ele/ela/você empresta, nós emprestamos, vós emprestais, eles/elas/vocês emprestam.
The direct opposite action is 'pedir emprestado' (to borrow). The opposite outcome is 'reter' (to keep) or 'não devolver' (not to return).
Yes, it can be used figuratively for abstract concepts. For example, 'emprestar atenção' (to lend attention), 'emprestar tempo' (to lend time), or 'emprestar apoio' (to lend support).
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Summary
Emprestar is the Portuguese verb for 'to lend' or 'to loan'. It signifies the temporary transfer of an item or resource with the understanding that it will be returned. It's used in a wide range of contexts, from casual requests between friends to formal financial transactions. Understanding its conjugation and usage with pronouns is key to mastering this essential verb.
- Emprestar means to lend or loan, a temporary transfer of items or money.
- It's a common verb used in everyday interactions, from friends to financial institutions.
- Key concept: temporary use with expectation of return; distinct from giving or renting.
- Conjugates as a regular -ar verb; pay attention to pronoun placement and tense.
Master the Conjugations
'Emprestar' is a regular -ar verb. Practice conjugating it in the present, past, and future tenses. Knowing these forms will allow you to use the verb confidently in various situations.
Understand the Context
The meaning of 'emprestar' is about temporary transfer with return. Differentiate it from 'dar' (to give permanently) and 'alugar' (to rent for a fee). Consider who is lending, what is being lent, and if there's an expectation of return.
Focus on Pronunciation
Pay attention to the nasal 'e' and 'm' sound at the beginning ('em-') and the stress on the second syllable ('pres'). Practicing saying 'emprestar' aloud will improve your fluency.
Learn Common Collocations
Memorize common phrases like 'emprestar dinheiro', 'emprestar um livro', and 'emprestar atenção'. These fixed expressions will make your Portuguese sound more natural.
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