لیکن en 30 segundos
- A formal conjunction meaning 'but' or 'however,' mainly used in literature and formal speech.
- Higher register than 'vali' or 'amma,' adding a sense of elegance and gravity to sentences.
- Derived from Arabic, it is a staple of classical Persian poetry and modern academic writing.
- Often appears as 'velikan' and requires formal verb conjugations to maintain stylistic consistency.
The Persian word لیکن (likan) is a sophisticated conjunction that serves as a bridge between contrasting ideas. While English speakers might initially equate it simply with the word 'but,' its usage is far more nuanced, carrying a weight of formality and literary elegance that its common counterpart, ولی (vali), lacks. In the grand tapestry of Persian linguistics, likan acts as a signifier of high-register discourse, often appearing in philosophical texts, classical poetry, and formal legal or academic writing. When a speaker chooses likan over ammā or vali, they are not merely providing a contradiction; they are inviting the listener into a more contemplative and structured logical progression.
- Register and Tone
- This word resides firmly in the formal and literary domain. It is rarely heard in casual street Persian or daily household chores. Instead, it flourishes in the rhetoric of a diplomat, the verses of a 13th-century poet, or the preamble of a constitution.
- Logical Contrast
- It introduces a secondary clause that qualifies, restricts, or contradicts the primary clause. It often implies that despite the truth of the first statement, a significant and perhaps surprising second truth exists.
او بسیار کوشید، لیکن به مقصود نرسید.
Historically, likan is an Arabic loanword (lākin) that was integrated into Persian early in the Islamic period. Over centuries, it became a staple of the 'Persianate' style, used by giants like Saadi and Rumi to balance their couplets. In modern contexts, using it in a casual conversation might make you sound like you are reading from an old manuscript, which can be used for comedic effect or to show extreme politeness and education.
Furthermore, likan often appears in the compound form ولیکن (va-likan), where the prefix 'va' (and) adds even more rhythmic weight to the transition. This form is particularly common in classical prose. Understanding this word is essential for anyone wishing to move from intermediate B1 Persian to the advanced B2/C1 levels, as it unlocks the ability to parse complex literature and formal media broadcasts.
Using لیکن correctly requires an understanding of sentence architecture. Unlike some conjunctions that can be moved around, likan almost always sits at the start of the second clause. It creates a 'pivot point' in the sentence where the direction of the narrative shifts. Because it is a formal word, the verbs surrounding it should ideally follow a more formal conjugation style to maintain stylistic consistency.
- The Comparative Structure
- It is frequently used to contrast a positive attribute with a negative outcome, or vice versa. It sets up a 'Thesis-Antithesis' dynamic that is very common in Persian philosophical argumentation.
علم سرمایهای بزرگ است، لیکن بدون عمل سودی ندارد.
When constructing sentences with likan, notice the punctuation. In modern Persian writing, a comma usually precedes it, providing a brief pause for the reader to prepare for the upcoming contrast. In older manuscripts, punctuation might be absent, but the meter of the sentence naturally creates that pause. It is also worth noting that likan is never used as a noun despite being categorized as one in some archaic dictionaries; it functions purely as a connective tissue between thoughts.
ظاهرش آرام مینمود، لیکن در درونش طوفانی برپا بود.
In academic writing, likan is often used to introduce a counter-argument. For example, 'The data suggest X, likan further research is required to confirm Y.' This usage establishes the writer's objective tone and their ability to handle complex logical structures. For students, practicing the transition from simple 'but' sentences to 'likan' sentences is a key exercise in stylistic refinement.
If you walk into a grocery store in Tehran, you are unlikely to hear لیکن. However, if you turn on the evening news on IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting), or listen to a Friday sermon, or attend a university lecture on Persian literature, the word will appear frequently. It is a hallmark of 'Official Persian' (Persian-e Rasmi). It is also ubiquitous in the dubbed versions of historical dramas or high-fantasy movies, where a more archaic or noble tone is required for the characters.
- Classical Literature
- In the works of Rumi, Saadi, and Hafez, likan is used to resolve the tension between the lover and the beloved, or between the physical and spiritual worlds. It is a rhythmic tool as much as a linguistic one.
بسیار سفر باید تا پخته شود خامی، صوفی نشود صافی تا درنکشد جامی... لیکن...
In modern Iranian cinema, likan might be used by a character who is a judge, a professor, or an elderly person from an aristocratic background. It signals their social status or their adherence to traditional values. Furthermore, you will find it in legal documents, such as contracts or court rulings, where precise logical distinctions are paramount. For instance, 'The contract is valid, likan the following clauses are subject to revision.'
Interestingly, in the Afghan dialect (Dari) and Tajik Persian, likan and its variants are sometimes slightly more common in slightly less formal registers than in Iran, though they still retain a degree of dignity. In the context of religious recitations or translations of the Quran into Persian, likan is the standard translation for the Arabic lākinna, reinforcing its sacred and ancient aura for many speakers.
The most common mistake learners make with لیکن is a 'mismatch of register.' Because learners often study literary Persian alongside spoken Persian, they might accidentally insert this highly formal word into a very casual sentence. This creates a linguistic dissonance similar to saying, 'I would like to purchase this apple, however, I possess no currency' to a street vendor. While grammatically correct, it is socially 'incorrect' or at least very strange.
- Register Mismatch
- Using likan with slang or informal verb endings (like 'mire' instead of 'miravad'). Always pair likan with full, formal verb forms.
❌ گشنمه لیکن پول ندارم.
Another mistake is confusing likan with lākan or other similar-sounding words. Some learners also struggle with the placement of the word 'va' (and) before it. While ولیکن (va-likan) is common and correct, adding 'va' to ammā (va-ammā) is much rarer and can sound redundant. Learners should also be careful not to use likan to mean 'only' or 'just,' which is a mistake that sometimes stems from confusing it with other Arabic roots.
Finally, remember that likan is a conjunction, not an adverb. You cannot use it at the end of a sentence like 'though' in English ('I went there, though.'). It must always lead into the contrasting clause. Misplacing it at the end of a thought will confuse native speakers and disrupt the logical flow of your Persian.
Persian is rich with contrastive conjunctions, and choosing the right one is an art form. While لیکن is at the top of the formality scale, there are several other options that you should know to vary your vocabulary and match your environment. Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms will help you navigate different social and professional settings in Iran.
- ولی (Vali)
- The most common word for 'but'. It is used in 90% of daily conversations. It is neutral and versatile.
- اما (Ammā)
- Slightly more formal than vali, but less so than likan. It is the standard choice for news reporting and modern literature.
- با این حال (Bā in hāl)
- Equivalent to 'nevertheless' or 'with that being said'. It is used to acknowledge the first point before moving to a contradiction.
هوا سرد بود، با این وجود به پیادهروی رفتیم.
Another alternative is در حالی که (dar hāli ke), which means 'while' or 'whereas'. It is used for simultaneous contrast. For example, 'He was laughing, while his friend was crying.' If you want to be extremely emphatic, you might use منتها (montahā), which implies 'but the only thing is...' or 'however, the catch is...'. This is common when there is a specific condition or obstacle.
In summary, likan is your 'power word' for formal writing. By understanding its alternatives, you can avoid repetitive writing and show that you understand the social nuances of the Persian language. Whether you are translating a poem or writing a formal request to a government office, choosing between likan, ammā, and vali will define your voice as a Persian speaker.
How Formal Is It?
Dato curioso
In Arabic, the word has two forms: 'lākin' (conjunction) and 'lākinna' (sister of inna, used with nouns). Persian borrowed the 'lākin' function but simplified the pronunciation to 'likan'.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing it as 'Liken' (English word).
- Putting too much stress on the first syllable.
- Confusing the 'k' with a 'gh' sound.
- Making the 'i' too short, like 'lick-an'.
- Failing to pronounce the final 'n' clearly.
Nivel de dificultad
Easy to recognize in texts but requires context to understand the weight of the contrast.
Difficult to use naturally without sounding overly formal or 'stiff'.
Rarely used in speech; hard to time correctly in a conversation.
Easy to hear but can be confused with other short words.
Qué aprender después
Requisitos previos
Aprende después
Avanzado
Gramática que debes saber
Conjunction Placement
لیکن always starts the second clause, never the first.
Register Consistency
If you use لیکن, you must use formal verb endings (e.g., -and, not -an).
Comma Usage
A comma usually precedes لیکن to indicate a logical pause.
Compound Formation
The word 'va' can be prefixed to form 'velikan' for stylistic flow.
Negation Contrast
لیکن is often followed by a negative verb if the first clause is positive.
Ejemplos por nivel
هوا خوب است لیکن من سردم است.
The weather is good, but I am cold.
A1 learners use it to connect two simple states.
او مهربان است لیکن کمی خجالتی است.
He is kind but a bit shy.
Using 'likan' to connect two personality traits.
چای داغ است لیکن خوشمزه است.
The tea is hot but delicious.
Simple sensory contrast.
کتاب بزرگ است لیکن سنگین نیست.
The book is big but not heavy.
Contrast of physical properties.
او درس میخواند لیکن خسته است.
He is studying but he is tired.
Present continuous state contrast.
غذا تند است لیکن من آن را دوست دارم.
The food is spicy but I like it.
Preference contrast.
ماشین قدیمی است لیکن سریع است.
The car is old but it is fast.
Age vs. performance contrast.
خانه کوچک است لیکن زیباست.
The house is small but beautiful.
Size vs. aesthetic contrast.
او به مدرسه رفت لیکن کیفش را فراموش کرد.
He went to school, however, he forgot his bag.
Simple past tense contrast.
فیلم طولانی بود لیکن خستهکننده نبود.
The movie was long, but it wasn't boring.
Adjective contrast in past tense.
او پول داشت لیکن چیزی نخرید.
He had money, but he didn't buy anything.
Possession vs. action contrast.
باران میآمد لیکن ما چتر داشتیم.
It was raining, but we had an umbrella.
Past continuous setting.
تکالیف سخت بودند لیکن من آنها را انجام دادم.
The homework was hard, but I did it.
Difficulty vs. completion contrast.
او فارسی بلد است لیکن کم حرف میزند.
He knows Persian, but he speaks little.
Ability vs. habit contrast.
هتل گران بود لیکن خدمات خوبی داشت.
The hotel was expensive, but it had good service.
Cost vs. quality contrast.
راه دور بود لیکن ما پیاده رفتیم.
The way was far, but we went on foot.
Distance vs. method contrast.
او در امتحان موفق شد، لیکن نمرهاش عالی نبود.
He succeeded in the exam, however, his grade was not excellent.
Using 'likan' with a comma for a formal pause.
پروژه به پایان رسید، لیکن هزینهها بیش از حد بود.
The project finished, but the costs were excessive.
Business context contrast.
او حقیقت را میدانست، لیکن ترجیح داد سکوت کند.
He knew the truth, however, he preferred to remain silent.
Abstract action contrast.
این شهر تاریخی است، لیکن امکانات مدرن کمی دارد.
This city is historical, but it has few modern facilities.
Sociological description.
او دعوت را پذیرفت، لیکن با تاخیر آمد.
He accepted the invitation, but he arrived with a delay.
Social situation contrast.
کتاب را خواندم، لیکن فصل آخر را نفهمیدم.
I read the book, but I didn't understand the last chapter.
Completion vs. comprehension.
او ورزشکار است، لیکن رژیم غذایی خوبی ندارد.
He is an athlete, yet he doesn't have a good diet.
Identity vs. habit contrast.
درختان شکوفه دادهاند، لیکن هنوز هوا سرد است.
The trees have blossomed, but the weather is still cold.
Nature contrast.
دولت وعدههای بسیاری داد، لیکن در عمل گامی برنداشت.
The government made many promises, however, it took no steps in practice.
Political/Formal register.
نظریه او جالب مینماید، لیکن شواهد کافی برای اثبات آن وجود ندارد.
His theory seems interesting, yet there is not enough evidence to prove it.
Academic/Scientific contrast.
او ثروتمندترین فرد شهر بود، لیکن هرگز طعم خوشبختی را نچشید.
He was the richest person in town, but he never tasted the flavor of happiness.
Literary/Philosophical contrast.
تلاشهای دیپلماتیک ادامه دارد، لیکن هنوز توافقی حاصل نشده است.
Diplomatic efforts continue, however, no agreement has been reached yet.
News/International relations register.
او در هنر استاد بود، لیکن در زندگی شخصی با مشکلات زیادی روبرو شد.
He was a master in art, but he faced many problems in his personal life.
Biographical contrast.
تکنولوژی زندگی را آسان کرده، لیکن آرامش را از انسان سلب نموده است.
Technology has made life easy, yet it has robbed humans of peace.
Societal critique.
نویسنده سبک خاصی دارد، لیکن مخاطبان عام آن را نمیپسندند.
The writer has a specific style, but general audiences do not like it.
Criticism/Review register.
او قصد سفر داشت، لیکن بیماری مانع او شد.
He intended to travel, however, illness prevented him.
Intention vs. obstacle.
حقیقت تلخ است، لیکن پذیرش آن اولین قدم برای رهایی است.
Truth is bitter, but accepting it is the first step toward liberation.
Philosophical aphorism.
او به تمام اهداف مادی خود رسید، لیکن خلأ روحیاش پر نشد.
He achieved all his material goals, yet his spiritual void was not filled.
High-level psychological contrast.
قانون برای همه یکسان است، لیکن اجرای آن همیشه عادلانه نیست.
The law is the same for everyone, however, its execution is not always just.
Legal/Political critique.
او در سخنوری بیهمتا بود، لیکن در عمل بزدل مینمود.
He was unparalleled in oratory, but in action, he appeared cowardly.
Character analysis using literary terms.
تمدنهای باستانی از میان رفتهاند، لیکن آثارشان جاودانه مانده است.
Ancient civilizations have perished, yet their works have remained eternal.
Historical/Poetic contrast.
او از اشتباهات خود آگاه بود، لیکن غرور مانع از پوزشخواهیاش میشد.
He was aware of his mistakes, however, pride prevented his apology.
Complex emotional causality.
سیاستمدار با مهارت پاسخ داد، لیکن از اصل موضوع طفره رفت.
The politician answered skillfully, but he evaded the core of the issue.
Nuanced observation of behavior.
بار سنگین مسئولیت بر دوشش بود، لیکن هرگز شکایتی نکرد.
The heavy burden of responsibility was on his shoulders, yet he never complained.
Metaphorical/Virtuous contrast.
عشق دریایی است بیپایان، لیکن غریقش را امان نمیدهد.
Love is an endless sea, yet it gives no quarter to its drowning victim.
Classical poetic style (Sufi influence).
عقل در ادراک ذات حق ناتوان است، لیکن در شناسایی آثار او تواناست.
Reason is incapable of perceiving the essence of Truth, however, it is capable of identifying Its effects.
Theological/Philosophical discourse.
دنیا فانی است، لیکن نیکنامی در آن باقی میماند.
The world is transient, but a good reputation remains within it.
Moralistic classical prose.
او بر اریکه قدرت تکیه زد، لیکن سایه زوال را همواره بر سر خود میدید.
He sat upon the throne of power, yet he always saw the shadow of decline over his head.
Archaic/Epic narrative style.
هنر بازتاب واقعیت است، لیکن واقعیتی که از صافی تخیل گذشته باشد.
Art is a reflection of reality, but a reality that has passed through the filter of imagination.
Aesthetic theory.
سخن کز دل برآید لاجرم بر دل نشیند، لیکن هر دلی محرم این راز نیست.
Speech that comes from the heart inevitably sits upon the heart, however, not every heart is a confidant to this secret.
Complex metaphorical conjunction.
او در پی کشف مجهولات بود، لیکن خود بزرگترین مجهول ماند.
He was in pursuit of discovering the unknowns, yet he himself remained the greatest unknown.
Existential irony.
زمان چون جویباری روان است، لیکن خاطرات چون صخرهای استوار میمانند.
Time is like a flowing stream, but memories remain like a firm rock.
Simile and contrast in high literature.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— He said it but didn't do it. Used to criticize hypocrisy.
او وعده کمک داد، لیکن نکرد.
— He came late but he came like a lion (strong/successful). A play on a common proverb.
پروژه طول کشید، لیکن شیر آمد.
— Everything is there, but... (something essential is missing).
خانه بزرگ است لیکن روح ندارد.
Se confunde a menudo con
They sound similar but are completely unrelated. Don't use the English meaning in Persian.
This is an archaic spelling or pronunciation of the same word, rarely used in modern Persian.
Sometimes used in very old texts, but 'likan' is the standard modern formal form.
Modismos y expresiones
— But it cannot be seen with the eye (referring to hidden truths).
خدا هست لیکن به چشم دیده نشود.
Theological— But behind the curtain (hidden motives).
او مهربان بود لیکن در پس پرده نقشهای داشت.
Literary— But from one pillar to another there is relief (keep waiting/hoping).
اوضاع بد است لیکن از این ستون به آن ستون فرج است.
Proverbial— But where is the listening ear? (Nobody listens).
من نصیحت کردم لیکن کو گوش شنوا؟
Idiomatic— But the water has passed over his head (he is in too deep).
او پشیمان است لیکن آب از سرش گذشته.
Informal-Formal mix— But the work has passed the work (it is too late).
عذرخواهی کرد لیکن کار از کار گذشته.
Common— But one hand has no sound (unity is needed).
او تلاش کرد لیکن یک دست صدا ندارد.
Proverbial— But patience is bitter and its fruit is sweet.
سخت است لیکن صبر تلخ است و میوهاش شیرین.
Literary— But the end of a black night is white (hope remains).
ناامید نشو لیکن پایان شب سیه سپید است.
PoeticFácil de confundir
Both mean 'but'.
Vali is for everyday use; Likan is for formal/literary use.
Vali: I'm hungry but tired. Likan: The nation is strong, but the economy is weak.
Both are formal.
Amma is mid-level formal; Likan is high-level literary/archaic.
Amma: However, it rained. Likan: Nonetheless, the decree was passed.
Both signify a contrast.
Montaha usually implies a specific limitation or 'catch'.
Montaha: I'll come, but the car is broken.
Both connect contrasting ideas.
Balke means 'but rather' or 'instead'. Likan just means 'however'.
Balke: Not this, but rather that.
Both can introduce an exception.
Magar means 'unless' or 'except'. Likan is a general contrast.
Magar: Don't go unless I tell you.
Patrones de oraciones
[Positive Statement], لیکن [Negative Outcome].
او قهرمان شد، لیکن مدال نگرفت.
[General Rule], لیکن [Specific Exception].
همه آمدند، لیکن او نیامد.
اگرچه [X]، لیکن [Y].
اگرچه خسته بود، لیکن به راه ادامه داد.
نه تنها [A]، لیکن [B] نیز.
نه تنها زیباست، لیکن باهوش نیز هست.
[Metaphor], لیکن [Reality].
دنیا چون خواب است، لیکن بیداری نزدیک است.
[Action], لیکن [Consequence/Irony].
او کاخ ساخت، لیکن در کوخ جان داد.
شاید [X] باشد، لیکن [Y] است.
شاید سخت باشد، لیکن ممکن است.
[Observation], لیکن [Deeper Truth].
او میخندید، لیکن دلش خون بود.
Familia de palabras
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
Low in speech, high in formal writing and classical literature.
-
Using 'likan' with informal verb endings.
→
او رفت لیکن چیزی نگفت.
Informal endings like 'nagoft' (slangy) vs 'nagoft' (formal) - ensure the whole sentence is formal.
-
Using 'likan' at the end of a sentence.
→
او آمد، لیکن دیر بود.
'Likan' must connect two things; it cannot stand alone at the end like 'though'.
-
Repeating 'likan' and 'amma' together.
→
او آمد لیکن پشیمان بود.
Saying 'amma likan' is redundant and incorrect.
-
Using 'likan' for 'only'.
→
فقط یک سیب دارم.
Some confuse 'likan' with Arabic 'lakin' (only) in specific contexts; in Persian, it only means 'but'.
-
Mispronouncing the 'i' as a short 'e'.
→
Likan (long i).
It should sound like 'lee', not 'leh'.
Consejos
Style Match
Always match 'likan' with formal verbs. Writing 'likan mire' (slang for 'goes') is a major style error. Write 'likan miravad'.
The Comma Rule
Place a comma before 'likan' to help the reader breathe and prepare for the contrast.
Don't Overuse
In a single essay, mix 'likan' with 'amma' and 'ba in hal' to show variety.
Soft K
The 'k' in 'likan' is soft. Don't make it sound like a 'g' or 'gh'.
Identify the Pivot
When you see 'likan', stop and ask: 'What is the speaker contrasting?' This helps you understand the main point.
Formal Situations
Use it when writing a cover letter for a job in Iran; it shows professionalism.
Compound Form
Try using 'velikan' for a more poetic flow in your sentences.
News Practice
Watch the news and count how many times they use 'likan' versus 'amma'.
Link-On
Remember: 'Likan' links on a 'but'.
Arabic Roots
Knowing it's from Arabic 'lākin' can help you if you also study Arabic or related languages.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Think of 'Likan' as 'Link-on'. It links on a new idea that goes against the first one.
Asociación visual
Imagine a bridge that has a sharp turn in the middle. The first half is one thought, the 'likan' is the turn, and the second half is the contrast.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to write a three-sentence paragraph about a historical figure using 'likan' at least twice to show contrast in their life.
Origen de la palabra
Borrowed from the Arabic word 'لکن' (lākin). It entered Persian during the early centuries of Islamic influence on the Persian language.
Significado original: But, however, nevertheless.
Semitic (Arabic) to Indo-European (Persian) loanword.Contexto cultural
No specific sensitivities, but using it in very informal settings might make you seem arrogant or out of touch.
Similar to using 'nonetheless' or 'notwithstanding' in English. It sounds slightly Victorian or academic to the modern ear.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Academic Writing
- لیکن باید در نظر داشت
- لیکن شواهد نشان میدهد
- لیکن این فرضیه
- لیکن در مقایسه با
Legal Documents
- لیکن طبق ماده فلان
- لیکن در صورت تخلف
- لیکن حق فسخ
- لیکن متعاقباً
News Broadcasts
- لیکن هنوز خبری نیست
- لیکن گزارشها حاکی است
- لیکن مقامات رسمی
- لیکن اوضاع آرام است
Classical Literature
- لیکن ای دل
- لیکن از روی نیاز
- لیکن در این دیر مغان
- لیکن ز قضا
Formal Correspondence
- لیکن با کمال احترام
- لیکن به استحضار میرساند
- لیکن با توجه به محدودیت
- لیکن امیدوارم
Inicios de conversación
"شما فکر میکنید تکنولوژی خوب است، لیکن آیا جنبههای منفی آن را هم میبینید؟"
"کتاب جالبی بود، لیکن آیا پایانش را دوست داشتید؟"
"ایران کشور زیبایی است، لیکن کدام شهرش برای شما جذابتر بود؟"
"او مرد بزرگی بود، لیکن چرا در اواخر عمر تنها ماند؟"
"غذا لذیذ است، لیکن آیا میدانید چطور پخته شده؟"
Temas para diario
درباره هدفی بنویسید که به آن رسیدید، لیکن خوشحالتان نکرد.
یک خاطره بنویسید که در آن هوا خوب بود، لیکن اتفاق بدی افتاد.
درباره دوستی بنویسید که مهربان است، لیکن گاهی شما را ناراحت میکند.
توصیف کنید که چطور یک مشکل بزرگ داشتید، لیکن با صبر آن را حل کردید.
درباره کتابی بنویسید که نویسندهاش مشهور است، لیکن شما سبک او را نمیپسندید.
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntasOnly if you are being ironic or talking to someone very formally (like a professor). In a normal text, it sounds like you are writing a 14th-century poem. Use 'vali' instead.
No, they mean the same thing. 'Velikan' is just 'va' (and) + 'likan'. It is used to make the sentence sound smoother or more rhythmic in prose.
Yes, but mostly in writing. You will see it in newspapers, hear it on the news, and find it in textbooks. It is not 'dead,' just 'formal'.
Yes, it is derived from the Arabic 'lākin'. Persian speakers changed the pronunciation slightly to fit their own phonetics over time.
Yes, in modern Persian punctuation, a comma is typically placed before 'likan' to separate the two contrasting clauses.
Rarely. It usually connects two clauses. However, in very literary styles, a sentence might start with 'Likan...' to contrast with the entire previous paragraph.
This is an archaic grammatical classification that isn't helpful for modern learners. For all practical purposes, it is a conjunction.
Yes, it is used in all major Persian dialects, though its frequency and register might vary slightly between Tehran, Kabul, and Dushanbe.
Words like 'babanbarin' (therefore) or 'hamchenin' (also), which show agreement or consequence rather than contrast.
Extensively. It is a favorite word of poets like Rumi and Saadi because it helps create a logical or emotional 'turn' in a poem.
Ponte a prueba 180 preguntas
یک جمله درباره هوای بارانی با استفاده از 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
تفاوت 'ولی' و 'لیکن' را در یک جمله توضیح دهید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله رسمی درباره سیاست با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک بیت شعر (یا جمله شاعرانه) با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
درباره یک کتاب که دوست نداشتید با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره ورزش با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یادگیری زبان با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله فلسفی درباره زندگی با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یک سفر با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره غذا با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره کار با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یک دوست با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره تکنولوژی با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره تاریخ با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یک فیلم با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یک شهر با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره یک حیوان با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره ثروت با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره زمان با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله درباره حقیقت با 'لیکن' بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله با 'لیکن' بگویید که در آن تضاد بین کار و استراحت باشد.
Read this aloud:
Dijiste:
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تلفظ صحیح 'لیکن' را تکرار کنید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله رسمی درباره یک خبر بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره یک غذای ایرانی با 'لیکن' صحبت کنید.
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Dijiste:
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یک نصیحت با استفاده از 'لیکن' بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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جملهای درباره یک دوست بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره آب و هوای امروز با 'لیکن' بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره یادگیری زبان فارسی بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره یک فیلم که دیدهاید صحبت کنید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره ورزش بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره سفر به ایران با 'لیکن' بگویید.
Read this aloud:
Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره مطالعه کتاب بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره یک خاطره تلخ و شیرین بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره ثروت و شادی بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره ترافیک تهران با 'لیکن' بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره فصل پاییز بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره موسیقی سنتی ایران بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره اینترنت بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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درباره یک قهرمان ورزشی بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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یک جمله درباره صلح جهانی بگویید.
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Dijiste:
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در یک فایل صوتی، اگر کلمه 'لیکن' شنیده شود، جمله بعدی چه رابطهای با جمله قبلی دارد؟
تفاوت صدای 'لیکن' و 'فقط' در شنیدن چیست؟
آیا 'لیکن' در اشعار ریتمیک به وضوح شنیده میشود؟
در اخبار، کلمه 'لیکن' معمولاً بعد از چه چیزی میآید؟
اگر گوینده بگوید 'لیکن متاسفانه'، خبر بعدی چیست؟
صدای 'و' قبل از 'لیکن' (ولیکن) چه تاثیری دارد؟
آیا در لهجه تهرانی 'لیکن' به صورت 'لیکن' تلفظ میشود؟
تشخیص 'لیکن' در یک دکلمه شعر چگونه است؟
در یک سخنرانی مذهبی، 'لیکن' چه کاربردی دارد؟
آیا 'لیکن' میتواند با صدای 'ل' کوتاه شنیده شود؟
در یک مناظره، شنیدن 'لیکن' نشانه چیست؟
تفاوت شنیداری 'لیکن' و 'بنابراین' چیست؟
آیا 'لیکن' در انتهای یک سوال شنیده میشود؟
در یک مستند تاریخی، 'لیکن' چه حسی القا میکند؟
شنیدن 'لیکن' در یک داستان کودکانه نشانه چیست؟
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
لیکن is the 'literary but' of the Persian language. While you should use 'vali' for daily life, use 'لیکن' to elevate your writing and show mastery of formal logic and classical style. Example: 'The path is difficult, لیکن we must persevere.'
- A formal conjunction meaning 'but' or 'however,' mainly used in literature and formal speech.
- Higher register than 'vali' or 'amma,' adding a sense of elegance and gravity to sentences.
- Derived from Arabic, it is a staple of classical Persian poetry and modern academic writing.
- Often appears as 'velikan' and requires formal verb conjugations to maintain stylistic consistency.
Style Match
Always match 'likan' with formal verbs. Writing 'likan mire' (slang for 'goes') is a major style error. Write 'likan miravad'.
The Comma Rule
Place a comma before 'likan' to help the reader breathe and prepare for the contrast.
Don't Overuse
In a single essay, mix 'likan' with 'amma' and 'ba in hal' to show variety.
Soft K
The 'k' in 'likan' is soft. Don't make it sound like a 'g' or 'gh'.
Contenido relacionado
Esta palabra en otros idiomas
Gramática relacionada
Frases relacionadas
Más palabras de general
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1La palabra 'عادی' significa normal u ordinario. Por ejemplo: 'Es un día normal' (این یک روز عادی است).
عافیت
B2Bienestar; estado de salud, seguridad y felicidad. Se usa comúnmente como '¡Salud!' después de un estornudo.
عاجل
B2Urgente; que requiere atención o acción inmediata. Por ejemplo: 'Noticia urgente' o 'Pronta recuperación'.
عاقبت
C1El resultado o desenlace de un evento. 'عاقبتِ این کار خطرناک است.' (El desenlace de este trabajo es peligroso.)
عاقل
A1Sensato, juicioso. Alguien que actúa con razón y prudencia.
عالمگیر
C1Universal o mundial; algo que afecta a todo el mundo.
عالی
A1La palabra 'Aali' significa excelente o magnífico en persa.
عام
B1La palabra 'Am' significa general o público.
اعم از
B2Incluyendo; ya sea... o... (usado para introducir opciones).
